宜宾四中高2021级高三上期期末考试
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Panama City, Panama
For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, star observation and Spanish lessons.
Jupiter, Florida
This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.
San Diego, California
The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo.
Kihei, Hawaii
For west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you’ll see some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you’ll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.
21. Which of the following charges you least a night
A. The Westin Playa Bonita.
B. The Kona Kai Resort & Spa.
C. Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa.
D. The Aston at the Maui Banyan.
22. What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan
A. Observe fantastic stars.
B. Visit a world-famous zoo.
C. Admire beautiful sunsets.
D. Play some beach sports.
23. What is the common feature of the four tourist attractions
A. They are all intended for family trips.
B. They all offer rooms with a full kitchen.
C. They all pick up visitors from the airport.
D. They all provide basketball courts on the beach.
B
In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.
Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn’t wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor ” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn’t focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”
Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face hard truths about himself.
Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you’re teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”
He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself. He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance.” However, it’s easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn’t have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.
Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”
Inspired by Mother Teresa’s words and the stories he’d heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women’s empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.
24. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India
A. He interviewed Mother Teresa.
B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.
C. He attended an job-interview for a college.
D. He did something to help the poor.
25. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4
A. He was born with disability. B. He led a hard life as a child.
C. He was well treated at school. D. He survived as an orphan.
26. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college
A. Self-centered B. Sympathetic C. Popular D. Generous
27. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India
A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.
B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.
C. He turned his focus to living for himself.
D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.
C
Finland is the happiest place on Earth, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report of 156 nations.
The report, released Wednesday by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Solutions Network, ranks the countries of the world based on six different categories of well-being: income, freedom, trust, life expectancy, generosity and social support. This year's report also pays special attention to the happiness of each country’s immigrants.
The U.S. dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place, and last year’s winner, Norway, came in second place — followed by Denmark, Iceland and Switzerland.Rounding out the top 10 happiest countries was Canada in sixth place, then New Zealand, Sweden and Australia. The order of the top 10 nations changed from the 2017 list but the countries did not, according to the report.
“The most striking finding of the report is the remarkable consistency between the happiness of immigrants and the locally born,” Helliwell said in a statement. “Although immigrants come from countries with very different levels of happiness, their reported life evaluations resemble those of other residents in their new countries. Those who move to happier countries gain, while those who move to less happy countries lose.”
Other major world powers placed in significantly low spots on the list. Germany came in 15th, the UK was 19th — followed by Japan in 54th place, Russia in 59th and China in 86th.
The report, based on surveys completed by citizen volunteers, came just under a week before World Happiness Day on March 20, when the UN declared to recognize “the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world and the importance of their recognition in public policy objectives”.
28. The US ranked in 2017.
A. 14 B. 10
C. 18 D. 22
29. What is the most significant finding of the report
A. That immigrants are different from residents in the country.
B. That immigrants come from countries with different levels of happiness.
C. That immigrants become happy when they leave the country.
D That immigrants and locals feel the similar level of happiness.
30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A Happiness is no less important than any other aspect in life.
B. People’s happiness and well-being should be considered when it comes to policy-making.
C. The happiness report came under a week before World Happiness Day.
D. What the UN declared was beneficial to all human beings.
31. What is the best title of the passage
A. World Happiness Day. B. Happiness — forever pursuit.
C. What's your happiness index(指数) D. The 2018 World Happiness Report.
D
Do you like to keep fit We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk some of us might get addicted and overdo it
Well, for some people, fitness has become an addiction as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to it, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is delicate.
Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to ‘healthy’ eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to nutritional disorder and mental health confusion. According to a Worklife article:“Research from scientists at University College London in 2017 found that higher social media usage was associated with increased likelihood of developing orthorexia, especially among followers of the ‘healthy eating’ influencers.”
Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as sprained ankle tendinitis (腱炎) and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour—and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking fierce jogging.
If you’re more of a couch potato, this might sound like good news. But for amateur who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “it’s all about letting go, not being addicted, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect. ’”
32. What may result in fitness addiction according to the passage
A. Some people are going too far in pursuing sports outcome.
B. People are addicted to fitness trackers and apps.
C. Social media make delicate people public and competitive,
D. A growing number of people are participating in sports to improve fitness.
33. What do we know about “orthorexia nervosa” according to Paragraph 3
A. It will surely lead to both mental and physical disorder.
B. People who strictly follow healthy eating are more likely to suffer from it.
C. It is because of the usage of social media.
D. It means people eat healthily and exercise regularly.
34. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “take its toll on” in Paragraph 4
A. Be beneficial to. B. Depend on.
C. Have an influence on. D. Do damage to.
35. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. The best way to exercise is to jog.
B. For couch potatoes, you can choose either inactive or fierce jogging.
C. The ideal pace to jog is three times a week and 2.5 hours in total.
D. Advice to non-professionals is not to push yourselves too hard.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning Routine
There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals. ___36___ . Armed with these, you'll soon be looking for reasons to clean.
1. Keep stuff dry
Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to allow for airflow. ___37___ . If you have dirty rags or dish cloths, hang them to dry between laundry loads.
2. ___38___
You know how you move your face around in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and comers in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.
3. Put tools everywhere
A subtle yet effective trick: If there are cleaning brushes, rags, and solutions in every room or at least on every floor of the house, you'll tend to jump into a job when it needs to be done： ___39___ .
4. Never skip these two tasks
If you make your bed every morning, you'll start the day with a small sense of accomplishment and end it with a sense of satisfaction. ___40___ . Melissa Maker, owner of Toronto-based company Clean My Space, describes it as “the bed of the kitchen”.
A. Light the dirt
B. Purchase a flashlight
C. The same goes for the kitchen sink
D. Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steam
E. Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier
F. With the proper tricks up your sleeve, you'll always feel ready for the job .
G. have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 6, my 14-year-old brother brought me to the local BMX track to ride in a kid's bike race. The hill out of the starting gate looked so scary and ____41____ that I backed up and wouldn't ride. The next week, my parents took me back for another ____42____. Soon after setting off, I fell immediately but still ____43____to win second place. Ever since I've ____44____ racing.
I turned pro at 15, the youngest woman with a professional title in the United States, which is ____45____now. You have to be 17 to compete ____46____ according to new rules. Around the time I went pro, BMX became an Olympic sport, and I decided to ____47____ it after high school. As soon as I graduated, I moved to California to train at the Olympic Training Center.
BMX is an extreme sport in which strength and balance are key, so I ____48____ at least, five days a week. I do tons of resistance and flexibility training. During the drills, I try to stand out ____49____ the other competitors at the end of the track. I keep _____50_____ the excitement of overcoming big challenges and the _____51_____ of crossing the finishing line first. I also do _____52_____exercise with a sports psychologist, like practicing blocking out background _____53_____ to make sure I'm _____54_____the competition. If I make _____55_____on the course, I have to move on. After all, every participant there is to _____56_____me. I need to concentrate on the competition, so my chance of winning won't be _____57_____by errors or distractions!
At the Olympics in Rio I was _____58_____to win a silver medal, but I felt a strong urge to win the gold, which would _____59_____me to do better in the next competition. I continue working to reach my _____60_____ in the sport. Failures and disappointment never discourage me. They only motivate me to become a better self.
41. A. puzzling B. complex C. thick D. steep
42. A. experiment B. choice C. try D. visit
43 A. managed B. continued C. selected D. intended
44. A. opposed B. quit C. resigned D. loved
45. A. significant B. vital C. impossible D. normal
46. A. amateurishly B. professionally C. toughly D. firmly
47. A. train B. pursue C. explore D. purchase
48. A. turn out B. take out C. block out D. work out
49. A. next to B. in line with C. ahead of D. in addition to
50. A. chasing B. promoting C. forgetting D. spreading
51. A. feeling B. ability C. possibility D. preparation
52. A. physical B. mental C. traditional D. medical
53. A. action B. activity C. voice D. noise
54. A. determined to B. qualified for C. focused on D. occupied with
55. A. decisions B. comments C. mistakes D. sacrifices
56. A. delay B. beat C. encourage D. annoy
57. A. relied B. ruined C. recognized D. required
58. A. proud B. regretful C. ashamed D. disappointed
59. A. inspire B. force C. recommend D. promise
60. A. angle B. condusion C. stage D. potential
第II卷 非选择题(50分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth Day is an event___61___(annual) celebrated on April 22. ___62___(found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and___63___ (get) people to care about the earth.
In1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an___64___(aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides (农药) . Then, a fire, ___65___ broke out in 1969 on Cleveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of___66___similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day.
In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls___67___all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson___68___(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work.
Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of___69___(activity) focused on the Environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science____70____(occur) on Earth Day(April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People’s Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Chelsea Hill is a respectable girl. Since the age of three, she has dreamed of be a dancer.
That ambition was nearly on an end one night in 2010. Hill, then a17-year-old high school student in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident, that put her in hospital for 51 day and left her paralyzed from the waist down. For most people, that will have ruined any hope of dreams. For Hill himself, it was the beginning. Although it was real tough, but Hill achieved the dream in her wheelchair. Hoping to expand her dance to help women like her, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed team of dancer with disabilities naming the Rollettes.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华,将参加校学生会组织的中学生英语演讲比赛,请以“节约粮食,反对浪费”为主题写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:
1．粮食的重要性;
2．如何厉行节约;
3．发出呼吁。
注意:
1．词数100左右;
2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________宜宾四中高2021级高三上期期末考试
英语试题
第I卷 选择题(100分)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Panama City, Panama
For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, star observation and Spanish lessons.
Jupiter, Florida
This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.
San Diego, California
The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo.
Kihei, Hawaii
For west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you’ll see some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you’ll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.
21. Which of the following charges you least a night
A. The Westin Playa Bonita.
B. The Kona Kai Resort & Spa.
C. Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa.
D. The Aston at the Maui Banyan.
22. What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan
A. Observe fantastic stars.
B. Visit a world-famous zoo.
C. Admire beautiful sunsets.
D. Play some beach sports.
23. What is the common feature of the four tourist attractions
A. They are all intended for family trips.
B. They all offer rooms with a full kitchen.
C. They all pick up visitors from the airport.
D. They all provide basketball courts on the beach.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处适合家庭度假的旅游景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night.”（预订Westin Playa Bonita的房间，每晚222美元起。）、第二段“Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night.”（预订Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa，四口之家每晚的起价为207美元。）、第三段“A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night.”（从机场乘坐便宜的10美元Uber，你会在Kona Kai Resort & Spa停车，在这里，一个四口之家可以住在一间豪华客房，每晚159美元起。）和第四段“Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four.”（住在Maui Banyan的Aston，一家四口每晚收费179美元。）可知，住在Kona Kai Resort & Spa一晚上的费用最低。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Here, you’ll see some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific.”（在这里，当你的孩子在太平洋上玩耍时，你会看到你一生中最美好的日落。）可知，在Maui Banyan的Aston能够欣赏到美丽的日落。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City.”（如果想去海滩度假，你可以离开小镇，邀请你和你的家人沉浸在当地文化中，那就考虑去Panama City。）、第二段“This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. ”（这个地方为你提供了与你所爱的人共度的美好时光。）和“Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.”（在这里，你可以在篮球场投篮，在游泳池里泡一泡，或者教你的孩子做沙滩瑜伽。）、第三段“The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego.”（西海岸是廉价海滩度假的好地方，所以告诉你的家人收拾行李去San Diego。）和第四段“Here, you’ll see some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific.”（在这里，当你的孩子在太平洋上玩耍时，你会看到你一生中最美好的日落。）以及所报的四口之家住宿的费用可知，这四处度假景点都是为家庭旅行准备的。故选A。
B
In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.
Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn’t wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor ” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn’t focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”
Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face hard truths about himself.
Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you’re teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”
He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself. He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance.” However, it’s easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn’t have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.
Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”
Inspired by Mother Teresa’s words and the stories he’d heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women’s empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.
24. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India
A. He interviewed Mother Teresa.
B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.
C. He attended an job-interview for a college.
D. He did something to help the poor.
25. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4
A. He was born with disability. B. He led a hard life as a child.
C. He was well treated at school. D. He survived as an orphan.
26. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college
A. Self-centered B. Sympathetic C. Popular D. Generous
27. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India
A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.
B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.
C. He turned his focus to living for himself.
D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小生活艰苦的Hal Donaldson在努力改善生活条件的时候忽视了身边的人，而他与Mother Teresa的一次交流触动了他，他开始关注那些需要帮助的人并逐渐致力于帮助他人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.(1990年，23岁的Hal Donaldson刚从大学毕业，来到印度加尔各答，在那里他被要求采访Mother Teresa。)”可知，23岁的Hal Donaldson 在印度采访了Mother Teresa。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, ‘I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you’re teased at school for that, you just want to escape.’(Hal Donaldson在旧金山湾区长大。当他12岁的时候，他的父母被一个醉酒的司机撞了；他的父亲去世了，母亲受了重伤。为了维持收支平衡，他们依靠福利生活。Donaldson说：‘我的鞋子和衣服都破了洞。当你在学校因此受到嘲笑时，你只想逃避。’)”可知，Hal Donaldson小时候过着艰苦的生活。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“He says, ‘I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance.’ However, it’s easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn’t have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.(他说，“我只是想摆脱自己的卑微。”然而，在这个过程中很容易忽略其他人。我是那种看到无家可归的人就会过马路的人，所以我不用去面对他。我的注意力集中在攀登顶峰上，而不是帮助那些试图和我一起攀登的人。)”可知，大学时期的Hal Donaldson只关注如何改善自己的生活，是一个以自我为中心的人。故选A项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless.( Donaldson从印度回国后有了不同的想法。他走遍了美国的八个城市，在街头游荡，倾听无家可归者的故事。)”和最后一段“Inspired by Mother Teresa’s words and the stories he’d heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women’s empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.(受到Mother Teresa的话和他在美国各地听到的故事的启发，Donaldson把价值300美元的食品杂货装上一辆小货车，分发给任何需要帮助的人。1994年，Donaldson创立了非营利组织“希望车队”，与美国和世界各地的社区合作。他们的工作重点是喂养儿童、赋予妇女权力、帮助农民和救灾服务。)”可知，Hal Donaldson从印度回家以后，开始关注别人的生活并逐渐致力于帮助别人。故选D项。
C
Finland is the happiest place on Earth, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report of 156 nations.
The report, released Wednesday by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Solutions Network, ranks the countries of the world based on six different categories of well-being: income, freedom, trust, life expectancy, generosity and social support. This year's report also pays special attention to the happiness of each country’s immigrants.
The U.S. dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place, and last year’s winner, Norway, came in second place — followed by Denmark, Iceland and Switzerland.Rounding out the top 10 happiest countries was Canada in sixth place, then New Zealand, Sweden and Australia. The order of the top 10 nations changed from the 2017 list but the countries did not, according to the report.
“The most striking finding of the report is the remarkable consistency between the happiness of immigrants and the locally born,” Helliwell said in a statement. “Although immigrants come from countries with very different levels of happiness, their reported life evaluations resemble those of other residents in their new countries. Those who move to happier countries gain, while those who move to less happy countries lose.”
Other major world powers placed in significantly low spots on the list. Germany came in 15th, the UK was 19th — followed by Japan in 54th place, Russia in 59th and China in 86th.
The report, based on surveys completed by citizen volunteers, came just under a week before World Happiness Day on March 20, when the UN declared to recognize “the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world and the importance of their recognition in public policy objectives”.
28. The US ranked in 2017.
A. 14 B. 10
C. 18 D. 22
29. What is the most significant finding of the report
A. That immigrants are different from residents in the country.
B. That immigrants come from countries with different levels of happiness.
C. That immigrants become happy when they leave the country.
D. That immigrants and locals feel the similar level of happiness.
30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Happiness is no less important than any other aspect in life.
B. People’s happiness and well-being should be considered when it comes to policy-making.
C. The happiness report came under a week before World Happiness Day.
D. What the UN declared was beneficial to all human beings.
31. What is the best title of the passage
A. World Happiness Day. B. Happiness — forever pursuit.
C. What's your happiness index(指数) D. The 2018 World Happiness Report.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了2018年世界幸福报告。联合国可持续发展解决方案网络(Sustainable Development Solutions Network)周三发布的这份报告，根据收入、自由、信任、预期寿命、慷慨和社会支持六种不同的幸福程度对世界各国进行了排名。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The U.S. dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place, and last year’s winner, Norway, came in second place — followed by Denmark, Iceland and Switzerland.（美国自2017年以来下降了4位，排在第18位，去年的冠军挪威位居第二，丹麦、冰岛和瑞士紧随其后）可知，美国2018年排名18，比2017年下降了4个名次，因此2017年排名第14。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的The most striking finding of the report is the remarkable consistency between the happiness of immigrants and the locally born（报告中最引人注目的发现是移民和当地出生的人的幸福程度惊人地一致）可知，这份报告最令人震惊的发现是，移民和本地出生的人的幸福感惊人地一致。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的the UN declared to recognize “the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world and the importance of their recognition in public policy objectives”（联合国宣布承认“幸福和福祉作为全世界人类生活的普遍目标和愿望的重要性及其在公共政策目标中的重要性”）可推知，在决策时要考虑人民的幸福和福祉。故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的The report, released Wednesday by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Solutions Network, ranks the countries of the world based on six different categories of well-being: income, freedom, trust, life expectancy, generosity and social support. （联合国可持续发展解决方案网络(Sustainable Development Solutions Network)周三发布的这份报告，根据收入、自由、信任、预期寿命、慷慨和社会支持六个不同的福利类别，对世界各国进行了排名）可知，本文主要介绍了联合国可持续发展解决方案网络(Sustainable Development Solutions Network)周三发布的一份2018年世界幸福报告。由此可知，D项The 2018 World Happiness Report.（2018年世界幸福报告）适合做本文最佳标题。故选D。
D
Do you like to keep fit We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk some of us might get addicted and overdo it
Well, for some people, fitness has become an addiction as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to it, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is delicate.
Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to ‘healthy’ eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to nutritional disorder and mental health confusion. According to a Worklife article:“Research from scientists at University College London in 2017 found that higher social media usage was associated with increased likelihood of developing orthorexia, especially among followers of the ‘healthy eating’ influencers.”
Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as sprained ankle, tendinitis (腱炎) and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour—and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking fierce jogging.
If you’re more of a couch potato, this might sound like good news. But for amateur who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “it’s all about letting go, not being addicted, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect. ’”
32. What may result in fitness addiction according to the passage
A. Some people are going too far in pursuing sports outcome.
B. People are addicted to fitness trackers and apps.
C. Social media make delicate people public and competitive,
D. A growing number of people are participating in sports to improve fitness.
33. What do we know about “orthorexia nervosa” according to Paragraph 3
A. It will surely lead to both mental and physical disorder.
B. People who strictly follow healthy eating are more likely to suffer from it.
C. It is because of the usage of social media.
D. It means people eat healthily and exercise regularly.
34. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “take its toll on” in Paragraph 4
A. Be beneficial to. B. Depend on.
C. Have an influence on. D. Do damage to.
35. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. The best way to exercise is to jog.
B. For couch potatoes, you can choose either inactive or fierce jogging.
C. The ideal pace to jog is three times a week and 2.5 hours in total.
D. Advice to non-professionals is not to push yourselves too hard.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了过度健身会对健康有害，非专业人士在运动的时候适量即可，不要太过于强迫自己。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Well, for some people, fitness has become an addiction as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to it, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is delicate.”（对一些人来说，健身已经成为一种上瘾，因为他们追求完美。健身追踪器和应用程序也可以添加到这个功能中，特别是当一个人受到成就和完美主义的驱使时。在社交媒体上分享数据意味着锻炼变得公开和有竞争性，这可能会给脆弱的人带来问题）可知，健身成瘾主要是因为有些人过度追求完美，在追求运动成绩方面走得太远了。故选A项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“higher social media usage was associated with increased likelihood of developing orthorexia, especially among followers of the ‘healthy eating’ influencers.”（社交媒体的使用率越高，患orthorexia的可能性越高，尤其是在“健康饮食”影响者的追随者中）推知，严格遵守健康饮食习惯的人更可能患有orthorexia nervosa。故选B项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as sprained ankle, tendinitis (腱炎) and a low immune system.”（过度运动的症状包括脚踝扭伤、肌腱炎和免疫系统低下）可知，过度运动会对身体造成不良影响，推测划线部分take its toll on表示“对……造成伤害”，与Do damage to同义。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“it’s all about letting go, not being addicted, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect.’”（一切都要放手，不要上瘾，学会不控制一切，说‘你不需要完美’）可知，在运动的时候适量即可，不可过度追求完美，非专业人士不要太过于强迫自己。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning Routine
There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals. ___36___ . Armed with these, you'll soon be looking for reasons to clean.
1. Keep stuff dry
Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to allow for airflow. ___37___ . If you have dirty rags or dish cloths, hang them to dry between laundry loads.
2. ___38___
You know how you move your face around in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and comers in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.
3. Put tools everywhere
A subtle yet effective trick: If there are cleaning brushes, rags, and solutions in every room or at least on every floor of the house, you'll tend to jump into a job when it needs to be done： ___39___ .
4. Never skip these two tasks
If you make your bed every morning, you'll start the day with a small sense of accomplishment and end it with a sense of satisfaction. ___40___ . Melissa Maker, owner of Toronto-based company Clean My Space, describes it as “the bed of the kitchen”.
A. Light the dirt
B. Purchase a flashlight
C. The same goes for the kitchen sink
D. Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steam
E Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier
F. With the proper tricks up your sleeve, you'll always feel ready for the job .
G. have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. A 39. G 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于议论文。文章介绍了几种打扫房子的方法，这些方法既省时又省力，同时避免使用有毒的清洁化学品。
【36题详解】
由上文“There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals.”可知，前文说的是打扫房子有很多方法，但最好的方法是那些节省时间和精力，同时避免有毒的清洁化学品。再根据空后的 “Armed with these, you'll soon be looking for reasons to clean.”意思是有了这些，你很快就会寻找清洁的原因。空处应该是为打扫房子提供方便而又健康的建议。E 选项“Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier”说“以下是一些简单的技巧，可以使任务更轻松，更健康。”符合语境，故选 E。
【37题详解】
由小标题Keep stuff dry可知讲的如何保持物品干燥。由文中“Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to allow for airflow.”（当保持浴室和厨房清洁时，由于它会吸收细菌，因此潮湿是大敌。不使用时，请保持淋浴门或窗帘打开，以确保空气流通。）主要讲了具体的保持干燥的方法，D选项“淋浴时务必运转风扇或打开窗户以释放蒸汽”。与上文相一致，故选 D。
【38题详解】
根据“Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed”可知，这一段的建议是用手电照亮地面、地板和角落，找出你可能错过的灰尘，A选项“照亮灰尘”，与下文一致，最适合作段落标题，故选 A。
【39题详解】
由标题Put tools everywhere可知是工具无处不在。由文中“If there are cleaning brushes, rags, and solutions in every room or at least on every floor of the house, you'll tend to jump into a job when it needs to be done.”（如果每个房间或至少每层楼都有清洁刷、抹布和清洁剂，你就会在需要做的时候立马投入工作。）可知，本段的建议是把工具放在家里的每个地方，接着介绍了这样做的好处，因此接下来反过来说如果拿工具不方便，就不会随手打扫卫生。G选项“have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it”（必须爬楼梯才能获得正确的工具，你可能会忽略它）与上文相照应，故选 G。
【40题详解】
由前文“If you make your bed every morning, you'll start the day with a small sense of accomplishment and end it with a sense of satisfaction.”（如果你每天早晨都整理床铺，那么你会以一种小的成就感开始新的一天，并以一种满足感来结束一天。）可知整理床铺使自己有成就感。由下文 describes it as “the bed of the kitchen”，这里提到的另一项任务应该是厨房里的设施。C项“厨房水槽也是如此。”与上文一致。故选 C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 6, my 14-year-old brother brought me to the local BMX track to ride in a kid's bike race. The hill out of the starting gate looked so scary and ____41____ that I backed up and wouldn't ride. The next week, my parents took me back for another ____42____. Soon after setting off, I fell immediately but still ____43____to win second place. Ever since I've ____44____ racing.
I turned pro at 15, the youngest woman with a professional title in the United States, which is ____45____now. You have to be 17 to compete ____46____ according to new rules. Around the time I went pro, BMX became an Olympic sport, and I decided to ____47____ it after high school. As soon as I graduated, I moved to California to train at the Olympic Training Center.
BMX is an extreme sport in which strength and balance are key, so I ____48____ at least, five days a week. I do tons of resistance and flexibility training. During the drills, I try to stand out ____49____ the other competitors at the end of the track. I keep _____50_____ the excitement of overcoming big challenges and the _____51_____ of crossing the finishing line first. I also do _____52_____exercise with a sports psychologist, like practicing blocking out background _____53_____ to make sure I'm _____54_____the competition. If I make _____55_____on the course, I have to move on. After all, every participant there is to _____56_____me. I need to concentrate on the competition, so my chance of winning won't be _____57_____by errors or distractions!
At the Olympics in Rio I was _____58_____to win a silver medal, but I felt a strong urge to win the gold, which would _____59_____me to do better in the next competition. I continue working to reach my _____60_____ in the sport. Failures and disappointment never discourage me. They only motivate me to become a better self.
41. A. puzzling B. complex C. thick D. steep
42. A. experiment B. choice C. try D. visit
43. A. managed B. continued C. selected D. intended
44 A. opposed B. quit C. resigned D. loved
45. A. significant B. vital C. impossible D. normal
46. A. amateurishly B. professionally C. toughly D. firmly
47. A. train B. pursue C. explore D. purchase
48. A. turn out B. take out C. block out D. work out
49. A. next to B. in line with C. ahead of D. in addition to
50. A. chasing B. promoting C. forgetting D. spreading
51. A. feeling B. ability C. possibility D. preparation
52. A. physical B. mental C. traditional D. medical
53. A. action B. activity C. voice D. noise
54. A. determined to B. qualified for C. focused on D. occupied with
55. A. decisions B. comments C. mistakes D. sacrifices
56. A. delay B. beat C. encourage D. annoy
57. A. relied B. ruined C. recognized D. required
58. A. proud B. regretful C. ashamed D. disappointed
59. A. inspire B. force C. recommend D. promise
60. A. angle B. condusion C. stage D. potential
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. B 58. A 59. A 60. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者小时候惧怕极限运动BMX骑行，后来再次勇敢尝试后爱上了该项运动。经历了失败和各种艰苦训练，通过自己不懈努力，作者最后在奥运会上获得了亚军的好成绩。由此得出结论：之前的挫折失败不但没有让自己泄气，相反只会磨练心志，成为更好的自己。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起跑门外面的山坡看起来又陡又吓人，我后退了，不想骑了。A. puzzling 使迷惑；B. complex复杂的；C. thick厚的；D. steep陡峭的。由and前的scary可知，该空描述小山陡峭。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个星期，我的父母带我回去再次尝试。A. experiment实验；B. choice选择；C. try尝试；D. visit参观。由下文“I fell immediately but still managed to win second place.”可知，作者又尝试了一次。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快我就摔倒了，但还是设法赢得了第二名。A. managed设法；B. continued继续；C. selected选择；D. intended打算。结合句意可知，此处表示设法赢得了第二名，固定搭配manage to do sth. 成功设法做某事，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起我就喜欢赛车。A. opposed反对；B. quit停止；C. resigned辞职；D. loved热爱。根据下文“I turned pro at 15, the youngest woman with a professional title in the United States, which is ____5____now.”可知，作者热爱赛车，成为一名职业选手。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我15岁就转为职业选手，是美国最年轻的有职业头衔的女性，这在现在是不可能的。A. significant重要的；B. vital至关重要的；C. impossible不可能的；D. normal正常的。结合下文“You have to be 17 to compete ____6____ according to new rules.”可知，现在新的运动规则规定必须满17能够参加职业赛。当时作者才15岁就成为职业运动员，这在现在是不可能的。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据新规则，你必须年满17岁才能参加职业比赛。A. amateurishly业余地；B. professionally职业地；C. toughly困难地；D. firmly坚定地。根据上文“I turned pro at 15, the youngest woman with a professional title in the United States, which is ____5____now.”可知，此处是指年满17岁才能参加职业比赛，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在我成为职业车手的时候，小轮车成为了奥运会项目，我决定在高中毕业后继续追求它。A. train培训；B. pursue追求；C. explore探索；D. purchase购买。根据下文“As soon as I graduated, I moved to California to train at the Olympic Training Center.”可知，作者决定高中毕业后再专业从事该项运动，追求梦想。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：BMX是一项极限运动，力量和平衡是关键，所以我每周至少锻炼五天。A. turn out证明；B. take out取出；C. block out阻碍；D. work out解决，锻炼。根据该句的“extreme sport”可知，此处指锻炼。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在短道速滑中，我试图在赛道尽头站在其他选手的前面。A. next to在……旁边；B.in line with符合；C. ahead of在……前面；D. in addition to此外。根据上文可知，作者刻苦训练，应该是项领先于他人，ahead of sb.“领先于某人”。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不断追求克服巨大挑战的兴奋感和第一个冲过终点线的感觉。A. chasing追逐；B. promoting促进；C. forgetting忘记；D. spreading传播。由句意可知，此处表示作者追逐着战胜大挑战的兴奋和先过终点线的感觉。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：我不断追求克服巨大挑战的兴奋感和第一个冲过终点线的感觉。A. feeling感觉；B. ability能力；C. possibility可能性；D. preparation准备。由句意可知，此处表示作者追逐着战胜大挑战的兴奋和先过终点线的感觉，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还和运动心理学家一起做心理训练，比如屏蔽背景噪音，确保自己专注于比赛。A. physical身体的；B. mental精神的；C. traditional传统的；D. medical医疗的。根据本句中的 “psychologist”提示，此处应该是指作者还要进行心理训练。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还和运动心理学家一起做心理训练，比如屏蔽背景噪音，确保自己专注于比赛。A. action行为；B. activity活动；C. voice声音；D. noise噪音。根据本句中的“psychologist”提示，此处应该是指作者还要进行心理训练，比如训练抗噪音平扰能力，以便于确保自己在比赛中完全集中注意力。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我还和运动心理学家一起做心理训练，比如屏蔽背景噪音，确保自己专注于比赛。A. determined to决定；B. qualified for质量；C. focused on专注于；D. occupied with占据。根据常识可知，训练抗噪音平扰能力，是为了确保自己在比赛中完全集中注意力。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我在培训过程中犯错，就必须反复重练。A. decisions决定；B. comments评论；C. mistakes错误；D. sacrifices牺牲。根据下文“After all, every participant there is to ____16____me.”可知作者犯错，就必须反复重练。故选C。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，每个参赛者都会打败我。A. delay拖延；B. beat打败；C. encourage鼓励；D. annoy使生气。结合句意可知，此处表示“每个参赛者都会打败我”。故选B。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要集中精力在比赛中，这样我的获胜机会就不会因为失误或分心而毁了！A. relied依赖；B. ruined毁坏；C. recognized承认；D. required要求。根据空后“by errors or distractions”可知，此处是指不会因为失误或分心而毁坏，故选B。
【58题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在里约热内卢的奥运会上，我为获得一枚银牌而自豪，但我强烈地渴望赢得金牌，这将激励我在下一场比赛中取得更好的成绩。A. proud骄傲的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappointed沮丧的。结合句意可知，此处表示作者为获得银牌而感到骄傲。故选A。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在里约热内卢的奥运会上，我为获得一枚银牌而自豪，但我强烈地渴望赢得金牌，这将激励我在下一场比赛中取得更好的成绩。A. inspire鼓舞；B. force强迫；C. recommend推荐；D. promise允诺。根据上文“I felt a strong urge to win the gold”可知，这种渴望能鼓舞作者在未来的比赛中表现更好，故选A。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：我继续努力在这项运动中发挥我的潜力。A. angle角度；B. conclusion总结；C. stage阶段；D. potential潜力。根据语境可知，作者会继续努力，发挥自己最大潜能，实现梦想。故选D。
第II卷 非选择题(50分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth Day is an event___61___(annual) celebrated on April 22. ___62___(found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and___63___ (get) people to care about the earth.
In1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an___64___(aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides (农药) . Then, a fire, ___65___ broke out in 1969 on Cleveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of___66___similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day.
In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls___67___all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson___68___(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work.
Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of___69___(activity) focused on the Environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science____70____(occur) on Earth Day(April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People’s Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).
【答案】61 annually
62. Founded
63. getting
64. awareness
65. which 66. a
67. from 68. was awarded
69. activities
70. occurred
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲了“地球日”的起源及发展壮大。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：地球日是每年的4月22日。修饰动词celebrated，用副词annually，作状语。故填annually。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是由美国政治家和环保主义者参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊创立的，最初的目的是帮助公众了解空气和水污染的现状，让人们关心地球。分析句子结构可知，主句主语it与found之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Founded。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它是由美国政治家和环保主义者参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊创立的，最初的目的是帮助公众了解空气和水污染的现状，让人们关心地球。aim at“目的在于”，是固定用法，后面接动名词作宾语，根据句意可知get和helping在是并列关系，因此空处用所给词动词的动名词形式作aim at的宾语。故填getting。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：1962年，蕾切尔·卡森的畅销书《寂静的春天》引起了人们对农药危害的关注。作created的宾语，用名词awareness，不可数。故填awareness。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然后，1969年克利夫兰的Guyahoga河发生了一场大火，揭示了水中化学污染的问题。参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊梦想举办一场类似的大型活动，让人们认真对待环境问题。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词fire，在从句中作主语，指事物，应用关系代词which引导句子。故填which。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然后，1969年克利夫兰的Guyahoga河发生了一场大火，揭示了水中化学污染的问题。参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊梦想举办一场类似的大型活动，让人们认真对待环境问题。根据句意“一件相似的大事”可知是泛指，且similar的第一个音素是辅音，故填a。
【67题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，全国各地的电报、信件和电话纷至沓来。表示“来自全国各地”应用from all over the country。故填from。
【68题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：后来，纳尔逊被授予总统自由勋章，以表彰他的工作。Nelson与“授予”之间是被动关系， 用被动语态；且表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，综上所述，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was awarded。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：有时，许多社区会庆祝地球周，这是一整个星期的活动，重点关注环境问题。作句子主语，用名词，且表示“整整一周的活动”，是复数意义，故用名词复数，故填activities。
【70题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2017年，“科学大游行”发生在地球日(2017年4月22日)，随后是“人民气候动员”(2017年4月29日)。空处和下文was followed为并列的谓语动词，根据后文April 22, 2017可知表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填occurred。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Chelsea Hill is a respectable girl. Since the age of three, she has dreamed of be a dancer.
That ambition was nearly on an end one night in 2010. Hill, then a17-year-old high school student in Pacific Grove, California, was in a car accident, that put her in hospital for 51 day and left her paralyzed from the waist down. For most people, that will have ruined any hope of dreams. For Hill himself, it was the beginning. Although it was real tough, but Hill achieved the dream in her wheelchair. Hoping to expand her dance to help women like her, Hill moved to Los Angeles in 2014 and formed team of dancer with disabilities naming the Rollettes.
【答案】1.has→had 2.be→being 3.that→which 4.day→days 5.himself→herself 6.real→really 7.将but删除 8.在team前加a 9.dancer→dancers 10. naming→named
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Chelsea Hill 实现梦想的坎坷之路。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：从三岁起，她就梦想成为一名舞蹈家。根据下文“in 2010”及上文“Since the age of three”可知，此处的动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故将has改为had。
2.考查动名词。句意：从三岁起，她就梦想成为一名舞蹈家。固定用法dream of doing sth.意为梦想做某事。故将be改为being。
3.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：对大多数人来说，这将毁掉任何梦想的希望。根据分析句子，可知此处应用非限制性定语从句对前面的情况进行补充说明，指代上文整个句子，应用which进行引导。故将that改为which。
4.考查名词。句意：她遭遇了一场车祸，在医院住了51天，腰部以下瘫痪。“51天”为复数概念，应用“51 days”表示。故将day改为days。
5.考查反身代词。句意：对Hill本人来说，这只是个开始。根据“Hill ”可知，此处应是指“她自己”，应用herself表示。故将himself改为himself。
6.考查副词。句意：虽然很艰难，但Hill在轮椅上实现了她的梦想。根据分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰形容词tough。故将real改为really。
7.考查连词。句意：虽然很艰难，但Hill在轮椅上实现了她的梦想。Although不与but连用。故将but删除。
8.考查冠词。句意：2014年搬到洛杉矶，并成立了一个残疾舞蹈团，命名为Rollettes舞蹈团。根据分析句子及语意，此处应指“一个舞蹈团”的意思，结合“team”为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故在team前加a。
9.考查名词。句意：2014年搬到洛杉矶，并成立了一个残疾舞蹈团，命名为Rollettes舞蹈团。根据分析语意，“舞蹈团”中应是有很多舞蹈成员，应是复数概念。故将dancer改为dancers。
10.考查过去分词。句意：Hill在2014年搬到洛杉矶，并成立了一个残疾舞蹈团，命名为Rollettes舞蹈团。根据分析句子，可知此处应是用过去分词作后置定语，表被动，意为“被叫做”。故将naming改为named。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 假定你是李华,将参加校学生会组织的中学生英语演讲比赛,请以“节约粮食,反对浪费”为主题写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:
1．粮食的重要性;
2．如何厉行节约;
3．发出呼吁。
注意:
1．词数100左右;
2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone! It's my great honor to speak here. As we all know, food is the first necessity for people. It provides our body with energy. But in daily life, too much food is wasted, which makes saving food urgent.
Then what should we do First, we should always prepare a proper amount of food. Besides, when dining out, we shouldn't order too much food and if any, we should take the leftovers home. Finally, we should help raise people's awareness of saving, which can be an effective way to stop food waste from its origin.
Saving food isn't a slogan; it should take root in our heart. I hope everyone will try their best to save food from now on.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“节约粮食,反对浪费”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1．粮食的重要性;
2．如何厉行节约;
3．发出呼吁。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
provide sb with sth; in daily life; saving food; raise people's awareness of…; take root in our heart; try one’s best to do; from now on; a proper amount of; dining out
第三步：连词成句
1. As we all know, food is the first necessity for people.
2. It provides our body with energy.
3. But in daily life, too much food is wasted, which makes saving food urgent.
4. First, we should always prepare a proper amount of food.
5. Finally, we should help raise people's awareness of saving, which can be an effective way to stop food waste from its origin.
6. Saving food isn't a slogan; it should take root in our heart.
7.I hope everyone will try their best to save food from now on.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First, Finally
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
3.表转折对比关系：But
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result (供参考)
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we all know, food is the first necessity for people.（运用as引导非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Finally, we should help raise people's awareness of saving, which can be an effective way to stop food waste from its origin. （运用which引导非限定性定语从句）
