专题04 优选精炼七选五
1.（2023·广西南宁·高三南宁三中校考阶段练习）
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. 1 But others may not have crossed your mind. “A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run,” says preventive cardiologist Dr. Beth Abramson.
●Get eight hours of sleep.
“When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels. 2
● 3
Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.”
●Avoid polluted air.
Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammation. 4 Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.
●Eat breakfast.
A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who partook in a substantial morning meal. According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle. 5 If you're eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.
A．Be social and outgoing.
B．Engage in voluntary work.
C．There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.
D．These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular (心血管的) health.
E．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.
F．Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
G．Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何预防心脏病提出了一些建议。
1．根据上文“As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. (多达80%的早发心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的)”可知，本句主要是在特定生活方式进行举例：锻炼和控制体重，故F选项“有些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的”符合语境，故选F。
2．根据上文““When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels. (阿尔伯塔大学(University of Alberta)医学教授Arya Sharma博士说：“当你没有休息好时，生活中发生的每件事都会给你带来更多压力。”如果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平)”可知，上文提到了血压、炎症和血糖水平，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些因素对心血管的影响。故D选项“这些因素都会影响心血管健康”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据本段内容“Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.” (为别人做好事有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。2016年发表在《身心医学》上的一项研究表明，生活中的目标感与心脏病发作和中风的可能性较低有关。“我们知道孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素，”夏尔马补充说。“志愿活动可以让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络。”)”可知，本段的主旨是从事志愿活动，可以有助于你的自尊和缓解压力。故B选项“从事志愿工作”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据上文“Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammation. (长期暴露在这种污染中会增加患心脏病的风险。吸入由二氧化硫、碳和氮氧化物等化学物质形成的污染物可能会刺激动脉并增加炎症)”以及后文“Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor. (尽量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，在空气质量指数较差的时候多呆在室内)”可知，上文提到了污染对身体的危害，本句进一步进行补充说明：即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的。故G选项“即使是短时间的接触对有其他健康风险的人来说也是不健康的”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据后文“If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices. (如果你吃了一顿合适的早餐，你就不太可能在之后感到饥饿，也不太可能做出糟糕的食物选择)”可知，本句主要针对早餐吃的食物进行建议。故E选项“选择全麦、低脂的早餐食物，包括水果”符合语境，故选E。
2.（2024上·贵州贵阳·高三贵阳一中校考阶段练习）
How to Change Limiting Beliefs
Have you ever felt trapped by thoughts like “I’m not good enough” or “I can’t achieve that” 6 . But it is possible to change your limiting beliefs and start living a happier and healthier life.
1. Know your limiting beliefs
We’re often not even conscious of our limiting beliefs. 7 Make a habit of carrying a notebook and pen around with you for the next week. Notice when your mood changes for the worse or when you’re feeling particularly down.
2. Collect the evidence
Once you’ve discovered what your limiting beliefs are, start collecting evidence that disproves the limiting beliefs. If you think about this properly, you’ll find that there is a lot of evidence out there. 8 On the contrary, you will realize there is very little evidence to support those beliefs.
3. 9
Repetitive thoughts form our beliefs and so it’s essential to start making your internal dialogue positive, rather than negative. Over time this will become automatic, and you will start to form healthier beliefs about yourself.
4. Take action
Taking action is the single most important tool when it comes to making any sort of change in your life. Knowledge, without action, is worthless. Taking action to change your life is a choice. 10 . It takes effort and determination.
A．There’s no quick fix
B．There is no substitute for taking action
C．Trade your limiting belief for an empowering statement
D．You’ve just been unconsciously ignoring it your whole life
E．For each limiting belief you have, turn it into a positive affirmation
F．These are known as limiting beliefs, stunting (阻碍) our potential
G．Because we believe them to be a reality, we don’t recognize them for what they are
【答案】6．F 7．G 8．D 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何改变局限性信念。
6．根据空前的“Have you ever felt trapped by thoughts like “I’m not good enough” or “I can’t achieve that” (你是否曾经被“我不够好”或“我做不到”这样的想法所困？)”可知，本文通过提问引出话题，根据空后的“But it is possible to change your limiting beliefs and start living a happier and healthier life.(但改变你的局限性信念，开始过更快乐、更健康的生活是可能的。)”可知，通过改变局限性信念能够过上快乐健康的生活，由此可知，空处讲述的内容应引出“局限性信念”，F选项“These are known as limiting beliefs, stunting (阻碍) our potential(这些被称为局限性信念，阻碍了我们的潜力)”中的These指的是空前的“thoughts like “I’m not good enough” or “I can’t achieve that”，且与空后的内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选F项。
7．根据本段的主题句“Know your limiting beliefs(了解你的局限性信念)”可知，本段讲述的内容为了解自己的局限性信念，根据空前的“We’re often not even conscious of our limiting beliefs.(我们常常甚至没有意识到我们的局限性信念。)”可知，我们没有意识到我们的局限性信念，所以需要了解我们的局限性信念，G选项“Because we believe them to be a reality, we don’t recognize them for what they are(因为我们相信它们是真实存在的，所以我们并没有意识到它们的本来面目)”中的them指代的内容为空前的“limiting beliefs”，与空前内容衔接，且与本段的主题句内容一致。故选G项。
8．根据本段的主题句“Collect the evidence(收集证据)”可知，此处讲述的是要改变局限性信念，要收集相关的证据，根据空前的“If you think about this properly, you’ll find that there is a lot of evidence out there.(如果你好好思考这个问题，你会发现有很多证据。)”可知，好好思考会发现很多局限性信念的证据，D选项“You’ve just been unconsciously ignoring it your whole life(你只是在不知不觉中忽略了它)”中的it指代的内容为空前的evidence，且与本段的主题句内容一致。故选D项。
9．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其他段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据下文中的“Repetitive thoughts form our beliefs and so it’s essential to start making your internal dialogue positive, rather than negative.(重复的想法形成了我们的信念，所以开始让你的内心对话变得积极而不是消极是很重要的。)”可知，让自己内心的对话变得积极是很重要的，由此可知，本段讲述的内容是将内心消极的想法变为积极的想法，C选项“Trade your limiting belief for an empowering statement(把你的局限性信念变成一种积极的陈述)”为祈使句，且讲述的内容与本段的内容吻合。故选C项。
10．根据本段的主题句“Take action(采取行动)”可知，本段讲述的是要采取行动来改变局限性信念，根据空前的“Taking action is the single most important tool when it comes to making any sort of change in your life. Knowledge, without action, is worthless. Taking action to change your life is a choice.(在你的生活中做出任何改变时，采取行动是最重要的工具。没有行动的知识是毫无价值的。采取行动改变你的生活是一种选择。)”可知，本段讲的是采取行动是最重要的工具，采取行动改变你的生活是一种选择。所以要改变局限性信念需要采取行动，A选项“There’s no quick fix(没有捷径可走)”讲述的内容承接了上文，且与本段的主题一致。故选A项。
3.（2023·广西玉林·高三统考阶段练习）
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate 11 , it was easy for your mind to wander. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us time delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. 12 .Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to get serious and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. It proves that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. 13 .
There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. 14 . It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
15 . “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”
A．When you were concentrating on your study
B．So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer
C．One of the most obvious things is excluding noise
D．If you weren’t interested in what you were learning
E．However, distraction isn’t all bad under some conditions
F．On the whole, we should make efforts to get rid of the bad impact of distraction
G．These include making a list of the tasks, finding a suitable workspace, or chewing some gum
【答案】11．D 12．C 13．B 14．G 15．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了成年人容易分心，对此科学家研究了导致分心的原因并给出了一些有助于保持专注的方法。
11．根据空后“it was easy for your mind to wander (你很容易走神)”可知，设空处为走神的原因。D项：If you weren’t interested in what you were learning(如果你对所学的东西不感兴趣)符合语境，引出下文“Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.(在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战，但了解如何做到这一点，知道什么会分散你的注意力，会有所帮助。)”关于如何保持专注的介绍。故选D。
12．根据空前“Scientists have looked at what makes us time delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone(科学家们研究了导致我们时间延迟的原因，并找到了一些帮助我们保持专注的方法)”以及后句“Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! (《科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，安静最有利于集中注意力，或者柔和的背景嗡嗡声和咖啡馆的噪音也很好!)”可知，设空处承上启下，C项：One of the most obvious things is excluding noise(最明显的一点是排除噪音)符合语境，介绍保持专注方法——排除噪音，保持安静。故选C。
13．根据上句“It proves that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions (研究证明，在视觉上要求更高的任务需要更多的处理能力，让大脑无法处理分心的事情)”可知，让大脑忙碌起来无法处理分心的事情，B项：So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer(所以，让你的大脑忙碌起来可能是答案)符合语境，与上文是因果关系。故选B。
14．根据上句“There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused(这里有更多实用的技巧来保持你的注意力集中)”可知，设空处为保持注意力的具体的方法的介绍，G项：These include making a list of the tasks, finding a suitable workspace, or chewing some gum(这些方法包括列一个任务清单，找一个合适的工作空间，或者嚼口香糖)符合语境。故选G。
15．设空处概括本段。根据后文““If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”(“如果我们总是如此专注，从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，比如威胁。分散注意力对生存至关重要”)”可知，设空处应为介绍分心的好处，E项：However, distraction isn’t all bad under some conditions(然而，在某些情况下，分心并不全是坏事)和上文构成转折关系，概括本段。故选E。
4.（2024上·甘肃武威·高三统考期末）
How to Make the Most of Your Free Time of Holidays
While the holidays can be a fun time to relax and enjoy seeing family and friends, you can end up with a lot of downtime if you don’t plan ahead. If you want to get the most out of your holidays, schedule time for a mixture of fun activities and productive tasks. 16 .
Wake up early to get each day off to a good start. It can be tempting to sleep in during the holidays, but you’ll get more out of your time off if you wake up a little earlier than normal each day. Even setting your alarm 30 minutes earlier can help keep you from getting off schedule, and you’ll have more time during the day to get things done. If you do end up staying up late one night, try to get up as early as you can the next morning. 17 .
Spend time learning or improving a skill, craft, or hobby. If you think you’re going to have a lot of free time over the holidays, try using that time to learn something new. You might practice a new drawing technique if you love art, for instance, or you might try learning to play a new song if you play the guitar. 18 . For instance, you might prepare tasty cuisines that you can bring along to a holiday celebration.
19 . A book is a great way to stimulate your imagination, but it’s also a relaxing way to pass the time. Find a spy novel, a romance story, or an epic adventure that will keep you interested and excited, and you’ll be surprised how quickly you’re turning the pages! 20 , try reading that material for about 10 to 15 minutes before you switch to the book you’re reading for fun.
A．Take time to read for fun or for study
B．The holidays are also a great time to improve cooking skills
C．But remember that frequent getting up early is harmful to your health
D．Then go to bed extra early the next night to help you stay on schedule
E．A well-scheduled holiday can make you more refreshed in the coming semester
F．If you have any assigned reading materials, you're supposed to do over the break
G．While keeping in mind that it's also important to spend some time relaxing yourself
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要目的是给读者提供建议和指导，让大家在假期中有效地利用空闲时间。
16．根据上文“If you want to get the most out of your holidays, schedule time for a mixture of fun activities and productive tasks.( 如果你想最大限度地利用你的假期，那就把时间安排在有趣的活动和富有成效的任务上。)”可知此处上下文说的是要精心安排好假期，与E项“A well-scheduled holiday can make you more refreshed in the coming semester(一个精心安排的假期可以让你在即将到来的学期中更加神清气爽)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
17．根据上文“Even setting your alarm 30 minutes earlier can help keep you from getting off schedule, and you’ll have more time during the day to get things done. If you do end up staying up late one night, try to get up as early as you can the next morning.( 即使提前30分钟设置闹钟也可以帮助您避免偏离日程安排，并且您在一天中将有更多时间完成工作。如果你一天晚上熬夜，第二天早上尽量早点起床。)”可知，此处上下文说的是适当调整睡眠时间，避免影响到日程安排，与D项“Then go to bed extra early the next night to help you stay on schedule (然后第二天晚上早点上床睡觉，以帮助你按计划行事。)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
18．根据上文“For instance, you might prepare tasty cuisines that you can bring along to a holiday celebration.(例如，你可以准备美味的菜肴，可以带到节日庆典上。)”可知吃处上下文说的是与烹饪有关的话题，与B项“The holidays are also a great time to improve cooking skills(假期也是提高烹饪技能的好时机)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
19．根据上文“A book is a great way to stimulate your imagination, but it’s also a relaxing way to pass the time.( 一本书是激发你想象力的好方法，但它也是打发时间的放松方式。)”可知，此处上下文说的是要花时间看书，与A项“Take time to read for fun or for study(花点时间看书消遣或学习)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
20．根据下文“try reading that material for about 10 to 15 minutes before you switch to the book you’re reading for fun.(试着读10到15分钟，然后再换成你正在读的有趣的书。)”可推理出上文说的是利用十几分钟的时间阅读那些用于消遣之外的阅读材料，与F项“If you have any assigned reading materials, you're supposed to do over the break(如果你有任何指定的阅读材料，你应该在休息时做)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
5.（2023·江西赣州·高三江西省全南中学考试）
Being sick at college is no fun at all. It means missing classes and social events and then catching up on work. Maintaining physical health as well as mental health is as likely to determine students’ happiness and success as anything else. 21
1. Wash your hands. It is the easiest way to prevent catching colds from roommates and friends. 22
2. Drink water. Coffee may wake you up, but water will keep you going. Replace at least a cup of coffee with one glass of water each day. Or, better yet, drink a cup of water for every cup of coffee you consume daily. You will feel better. 23
3. Sometimes students’ schedules prevent them from having “normal” meals at “normal” times. 24
4. Track your sleep. Staying up late and then getting up early for class the next day works for about one night. The quickest way to run down your body is to not provide sufficient nourishment through food, water and sleep.
5. 25 Every college offers academic support as well as mental health services. Thankfully, much of the shame of seeing an adviser has decreased, and students are more willing to get help sooner. Unfortunately, many students wait until they are very unhappy, and then the road to recovery is longer.
A．Examine your physical health regularly.
B．Here are a few tips on how you can stay healthy at college.
C．Just carry a water bottle in your backpack and fill it up regularly.
D．You must be careful about your health at college.
E．Check out student services.
F．It makes sense to wash before eating and to carry a small container of hand cleanser.
G．Carry some healthy snacks that will satisfy you until your next meal.
【答案】21．B 22．F 23．C 24．G 25．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些关于如何在大学里保持健康的建议。
21．本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要说明了一些如何在大学保持健康的建议。故B选项“以下是一些关于如何在大学里保持健康的建议”符合上下文语境，故选B。
22．根据上文Wash your hands. It is the easiest way to prevent catching colds from roommates and friends.可知洗你的手。这是防止室友和朋友感染感冒的最简单方法。由此可知，本段是在说明饭前洗手的建议。故F选项“饭前洗个手，带一小盒洗手液是有道理的”符合上下文语境，故选F。
23．根据上文Or, better yet, drink a cup of water for every cup of coffee you consume daily. You will feel better.可知或者，更好的方法是，每天喝一杯咖啡就喝一杯水。你会感觉更好。由此可知，本段是在说明喝水的重要性，本句为本段最后一句，有承接上文的作用，为说明随时能喝到水的方法是“在背包里放一个水瓶”。故C选项“只需在你的背包里放一个水瓶，定期把它装满就行了”符合上下文语境，故选C。
24．根据上文Sometimes students’ schedules prevent them from having “normal” meals at “normal” times.可知有时，学生的日程安排使他们无法在“正常”时间享用“正常”饭菜。由此可知，本句是在说明如何在不能正常吃饭的情况下进行正常的饮食。故G选项“带上一些健康的零食，直到你下顿饭吃为止”符合上下文语境，故选G。
25．根据后文Every college offers academic support as well as mental health services.可知每所大学都提供学术支持和心理健康服务。由此可知本段是在说明去看学校提供的学生心理服务。后文中services可对应E选项中student services。故E选项“查看学生服务”符合上下文语境，故选E。
6.（2024上·江西鹰潭·高三贵溪市实验中学期末）
How to improve critical thinking
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions. 26
Become more self-aware. Becoming more self-aware means considering your thought process,values,morals,and other beliefs.What do you believe in How do your thoughts reflect these values 27 Knowing what your personal preferences,strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.
28 Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen,then interpret,and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. Taking time to analyze your mental process before making a work decision can help you act more objectively.
Develop foresight. Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make. 29 Having the foresight to predict how your actions at work will produce reactions will help you make the right choice.
Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking. 30 Be considerate and focus on understanding their point of view. Gaining a full understanding of what they want, need or expect can help you react positively and have a subsequent productive conversation.
A．Evaluate existing evidence.
B．Understand your mental process.
C．Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.
D．It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.
E．Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.
F．Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.
G．Follow up by asking yourself if something is a fact, an opinion or an idea.
【答案】26．C 27．D 28．B 29．F 30．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了在工作中如何利用批判性思维让自己成为出色的思考者。
【详解】1.根据空前“Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions（批判性思维是分析信息以得到问题的最佳答案的过程。通过利用自己的经验、推理、观察和与他人的交流，你可以做出明智的决定，带来积极的解决方案）”介绍了批判性思维，以及文章结构可知，第二段到第五段讲述几个技巧帮助你成为一个有判断力的思考者。C选项“Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.（这里有几个小贴士可以帮助你成为一个批判性思考者。）”起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
2.根据空后的“Knowing what your personal preferences, strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.（了解你的个人喜好、优点/缺点和偏见可以帮助你更好地理解为什么你要从某个角度处理特定的情况。）”可知，本段主要讲述要客观看待自己的喜好，与D选项中的“likes and dislikes”意义一致，都是讲述喜好的。D项“It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.（客观地看待自己的好恶是很重要的。）”符合语境，故选D。
3.空处是段首，是对本段内容的概括，是本段中心句。根据后文“Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen, then interpret, and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. (确定和评估你如何接收和处理信息。了解你如何倾听，然后解释，最后对信息做出反应，对于提高工作场所的精神效率至关重要。)”可知，本段都在讲述精神分析过程。以及“becoming more mentally efficient”与B选项中的“mental process”意思相同，都是讲述心理的过程。可知，B项“Understand your mental process.（了解你的心理过程。）”符合语境。故选B。
4. 根据本段中心句“Develop foresight.(培养远见。)”和空前“Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make.（考虑一下别人对你的处境或你所做的决定会有什么感觉。）”可知，我们需要预先确定一个情况会出现的结果，或者产生什么变化。F选项“Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.（判断一种情况的可能结果和可能发生的变化。）”与上文语意衔接，并且符合本段主旨“Develop foresight.”。故选F。
5. 根据本段首句“Practice active listening.（练习积极倾听。）”以及设空上句中“Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking.（积极倾听是有效批判性思维的基本要素。）”可知，本段建议是练习积极倾听，E选项“Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.(当同事和主管谈话时，注意倾听。)”符合语境。故选E。
7.（2024上·安徽六安·高三六安一中校考阶段练习）
In my writing, I adhere (遵守) to some essential rules: understanding the message I want to convey and to whom I am communicating, and presenting it in a clear and concise (简洁的) manner. When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style. 31 A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience.
32 It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message.
Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life. 33 For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings
Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient. 34 Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators.
In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing. 35 With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life.
A．Readers can easily get bored.
B．Understanding the audience is crucial.
C．However, there is good news on the horizon.
D．Effective communication is not limited to writing.
E．It is fundamental to success in many aspects of life.
F．Great ideas are only limited by our ability to express them.
G．It is a skill that can be learned and developed through practice.
【答案】31．B 32．D 33．E 34．C 35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有效沟通的重要性以及在生活中的作用。
31．根据上文“When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style.(当我的目标读者是我的教授时，或者当我的文章希望被我的学生阅读时，我采用了不同的风格)”以及后文“A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience.(一个明确的信息是必要的，以避免无聊的读者或失去你的观众)”可知，上文列举了不同的听众，采取的风格不同，说明要了解听众。故B选项“了解听众是至关重要的”符合语境，故选B。
32．根据后文“It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message.(这在所有形式的交流中都很重要。熟练的演讲者和表演者与听众互动，有效地传递信息。相反，无效的沟通会导致信息丢失)”可知，后文提到了无效沟通，说明本句是在说明有积极作用的有效沟通。D选项Effective communication与后文ineffective communication相对应。故D选项“有效的沟通并不局限于写作”符合语境，故选D。
33．根据上文“Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life.(有效的沟通可以说是你在生活中可以学习的最重要的技能)”以及后文“For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings (例如：想象一下，你是一位有突破性发现的科学家。如果你不能用语言向别人解释你的工作，那么比划着表达你的发现又有多难呢？)”可知，本句主要论述了有效沟通在生活中的重要性，E选项中It指代Effective communication。故E选项“在生活的许多方面，它都是成功的基础”符合语境，故选E。
34．根据上文“Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient.(不幸的是，沟通技巧在教育中经常被忽视。因此，无论是作为说话者还是接收者，许多人在生活中的某些时候都经历过无效的沟通)”以及后文“Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators.(中国的大学正在采取措施提高沟通技巧。通过优先考虑沟通技巧，我们可以帮助学生成为更好的沟通者)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出沟通技巧也可以得到提高的好消息。故C选项“然而，也有好消息”符合语境，故选C。
35．根据上文“In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing.(总之，有效的沟通在生活的各个方面都是至关重要的，包括写作、说话和表演)”以及后文“With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life. (有了它，我们将更有可能在生活的各个方面取得成功)”可知，本句继续说明有效沟通技能如何培养，后文则说明了其作用。故G选项“这是一种可以通过实践学习和发展的技能”符合语境，故选G。
8.（2023·安徽合肥·高三合肥一六八中学校考）
The Upside to Being Outside
Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, 36
What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. 37 And such state will remain in the following months. So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation.
38 Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings.
To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. 39 One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. That’s more proof that going outside is a smart and creative move!
What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. 40 Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level.
A．How does nature boost people’s happiness
B．Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking.
C．What kinds of activities are suggested doing in nature
D．as long as you set the fixed time as a daily routine to go outside.
E．Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout it.
F．even though the average visit was only around half an hour and even less.
G．But studies have found that being outside also has some more surprising benefits.
【答案】36．F 37．E 38．A 39．G 40．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。
36．上文“Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, (研究人员发现，大多数参与者在城市公园里度过一段时间后，他们的情绪和幸福感都得到了显著改善)”陈述了游览公园能提升幸福感的事实，选项F“尽管平均游览时间只有半小时左右，甚至更短。”提及（在公园）游览的时间，陈述内容一致，尽管游览时间不长，但是幸福感得到改善。且句首字母小写，符合句子结构，故选F项。
37．上文“What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the ‘30 Days Wild’ campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. (更重要的是，人们从大自然得到的提升是持久的。例如，英国科学家研究了‘野外30天’运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动)”用具体的活动事例说明了人们从大自然得到提升，得到享受，选项E“在整个过程中，参与者明显更快乐、更健康。”承接上文，描述在活动过程中得到的快乐和健康。故选E项。
38．下文“Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings. (科学家说，花时间在自然环境中可以减少压力和焦虑，这对身心健康都有好处。研究表明，我们的大脑在自然环境中更放松)”说明大自然是如何对人们起到积极影响的，选项A “大自然是如何提高人们的幸福感的？”用设问的方式，提出本段的主题。故选A项。
39．上文“To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. (对大多数人来说，大自然可以让人平静下来已经不是什么新闻了)”说明大自然可以让人平静下来是大家都知道的，选项G“但研究发现，户外活动还有一些更令人惊讶的好处。”承接上文，转折说明，户外活动还有一些大家可能不知道的好处，引出下文“One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. (一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更擅长解决难题。另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩)”介绍户外活动令人惊讶的好处。故选G项。
40．上文“It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. (这可能是一剂自然的良药，可以治疗信息过载)”说明到大自然中去可以治疗信息过载，选项B“日常生活涉及很多多任务处理。”承接上文，说明日常生活有很多任务需要处理，造成信息过载，引出下文“Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness.(一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以使我们的大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来)”和选项之间有因果关系，所以我们需要在大自然中得到休息，治疗信息过载。故选B项。
9.（2024上·吉林长春·高三东北师大附中期末）
How to master tricky conversations at work
Many of us struggle to say what we need to at work. Whether it’s asking for a pay rise or facing a co-worker over their behaviour, these conversations can be difficult to have without the other person getting angry. 41 . Here’s my tips on how to tackle your next difficult conversation.
Plan
First, you need to plan what you’re going to say. 42 . Write down what you want out of the conversation and be clear on what you want to happen as a result. For example, you may decide: “I want to get an agreement on deadlines for this project and a clear outline of who will be responsible for each task.”
Prepare
The second thing you need to do is write down the key messages you want to get across in the conversation. 43 . Remember to speak slowly, breathe. If you are particularly nervous, rehearse (排练) what you plan to say in front of a friend so you know you are coming across as you wish to.
Be empathetic
Finally, put yourself in the other person’s shoes — however annoying that person might be. The useless boss who never gives you feedback is simply struggling with her own workload. 44 , the more we can plan how to work with them towards a successful outcome.
When you have the conversation, don’t get blind-sided by fast talkers. If the person you’re speaking to starts to avoid blame or your questioning, ask them what their part is in all of this and what they can take responsibility for. 45 . And finally, if you feel under pressure, remember to respond slowly rather than reacting quickly.
A．Practise saying them out loud
B．Start with the end result in mind
C．The language you use is also important
D．The more careful you’re with the language you use
E．The more we can understand the other person’s worldview
F．To manage your emotions during a difficult conversation, breathe deeply
G．But not being able to have “that conversation” can hold you back in your career
【答案】41．G 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在工作中掌握棘手的对话的方法。
41．根据上文“Many of us struggle to say what we need to at work. Whether it’s asking for a pay rise or facing a co-worker over their behaviour, these conversations can be difficult to have without the other person getting angry. (我们中的许多人都很难说出我们在工作中需要什么。无论是要求加薪还是面对同事的行为，这些对话都很难在对方不生气的情况下进行。)”以及后文“Here’s my tips on how to tackle your next difficult conversation. (下面是我的建议，教你如何应对下一次棘手的对话)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出无法进行上文提到的对话，后文给出建议。故G选项“但是不能进行‘那种对话’会阻碍你的职业发展”符合语境，故选G。
42．根据上文“First, you need to plan what you’re going to say. (首先，你需要计划你要说什么)”以及后文“Write down what you want out of the conversation and be clear on what you want to happen as a result. For example, you may decide: “I want to get an agreement on deadlines for this project and a clear outline of who will be responsible for each task.”( 写下你想从谈话中得到什么，并明确你想要的结果。例如，你可能会决定：“我想在这个项目的最后期限上达成一致，并明确规定谁将负责每项任务。”)”可知，后文提到了明确想要的结果，即以结果为出发点。故B选项“以最终结果为出发点”符合语境，故选B。
43．根据上文“The second thing you need to do is write down the key messages you want to get across in the conversation. (你需要做的第二件事是写下你想要在对话中传达的关键信息。)”以及后文“Remember to speak slowly, breathe. If you are particularly nervous, rehearse (排练) what you plan to say in front of a friend so you know you are coming across as you wish to. (记住说慢点，呼吸。如果你特别紧张，那就在朋友面前排练一下你打算说什么，这样你就知道你给人的印象是你想说。)”可知，上文提到了写下信息，可知本句是说接下来要开始练习要说的内容。故A选项“练习大声说出来”符合语境，故选A。
44．根据后文“the more we can plan how to work with them towards a successful outcome. (我们就越能计划如何与他们一起取得成功。)”可知，后文提到了计划取得成功，说明本句是要互相理解。且E选项中The more与后文the more构成the+比较级，the+比较级句型。故E选项“我们越能理解对方的世界观”符合语境，故选E。
45．根据上文“When you have the conversation, don’t get blind-sided by fast talkers. If the person you’re speaking to starts to avoid blame or your questioning, ask them what their part is in all of this and what they can take responsibility for. (当你和别人交谈时，不要被那些语速很快的人弄得措手不及。如果和你谈话的人开始逃避责备或你的问题，问问他们在这一切中扮演了什么角色，他们可以承担什么责任。)”以及后文“And finally, if you feel under pressure, remember to respond slowly rather than reacting quickly. (最后，如果你感到有压力，记住反应要慢，而不是反应要快。)”可知，上文提到不要被那些语速很快的人弄得措手不及，可知本句是在建议如何应对艰难的谈话。故F选项“在一场艰难的谈话中，要控制自己的情绪，深呼吸”符合语境，故选F。
10.（黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨市第一中学考试）
Tips for Traveling with Your Parents
Many of us have fond memories of traveling with our parents as children,which makes going on vacation with them as adults much more special. 46 But depending on your parents'age,health, and preferences,going away together can also bring challenges.here are ups to help make sure everyone has a good time.
Find a point person.
47 It's best when there is a single point person for planning who becomes the advocate for all members of the travel party.If mobility is an issue,try planning with Accessible GO,a platform that enables travelers to search by city or interest for wheelchair-friendly activities.
Build in options.
48 Being aware of each traveler's fitness and activity level is crucial in designing a route.For example,start with a slow-paced activity that everyone can enjoy such as wine tasting，and have more-energetic activities,like hiking. 49
Consider buying insurance.
Emergencies--such as a missed flight or lost luggage--can happen at any age,so it's wise to invest in travel insurance.Many policies cover medical emergencies as well as everyday travel mishaps(小事故). 50 Some insurance supplements even arrange air medical transfers to the traveler's hospital of choice.
A．Be optional.
B．It's a chance to return the favor.
C．Make sure those who get ill are well attended to.
D．As our parents are aging,they should not travel alone.
E．Be sure to do your homework as some policies are better than others.
F．Having one person in charge can significantly minimize stress and confusion.
G．The most important thing is striking a balance between activities and free time to ensure that no one gets exhausted.
【答案】46．B 47．F 48．G 49．A 50．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何和父母在旅行中拥有一次愉悦的经历提出了一些建议。
46．上文讲述的是我们中很多人有着小时候和父母一起旅游的美好记忆。作为成年人和父母一起旅游会更特别。下文说了根据父母的年龄、健康等，和父母一起外出也会带来挑战，并提出一起出去玩得开心的建议。由此可以推出，空格处作者想要再次和父母出去旅游，并解释为什么要一起出去旅游。B选项：这是一个回报的机会。符合语境，故选B。
47．空格位于第二段的第一句，其段落的标题为“找一个重要的人”，其下文紧接着也讲了最好有一个专门负责计划的人。由此可知，空格处会说有一个负责的人的好处。F选项：有一个负责的人可以极大地减少压力和混乱。符合语境，故选F。
48．空格位于第三段的第一句。其段落标题为“设置选择”，其下文说的是了解每个旅客的健康状况和活动水平对路线设计至关重要。由此可推断空格处为总起句。G选项：最重要的是在活动和空闲时间取得平衡，确保没有人筋疲力尽。符合语境，故选G。
49．上文说了在确保活动和空闲时间取得平衡的情况下可以自己选择喜欢的活动，并列举了几个例子供选择。A选项：请随意选择。符合语境，故选A。
50．上文讲述的是许多保险包括医疗紧急情况和日常旅游意外事件，下文说的是一些补充保险甚至安排了旅客的航空医疗转移到旅客选择的医院。由此可知每个保险的政策不一样。E选项：一定要做好功课，因为有些(保险)政策比其他(保险)政策好。符合语境，故选E。专题04 优选精炼七选五
1.（2023·广西南宁·高三南宁三中校考阶段练习）
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. 1 But others may not have crossed your mind. “A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run,” says preventive cardiologist Dr. Beth Abramson.
●Get eight hours of sleep.
“When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful,” says Dr. Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels. 2
● 3
Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. “We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health,” adds Sharma. “Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network.”
●Avoid polluted air.
Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammation. 4 Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.
●Eat breakfast.
A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who partook in a substantial morning meal. According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle. 5 If you're eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.
A．Be social and outgoing.
B．Engage in voluntary work.
C．There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.
D．These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular (心血管的) health.
E．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.
F．Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
G．Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.
2.（2024上·贵州贵阳·高三贵阳一中校考阶段练习）
How to Change Limiting Beliefs
Have you ever felt trapped by thoughts like “I’m not good enough” or “I can’t achieve that” 6 . But it is possible to change your limiting beliefs and start living a happier and healthier life.
1. Know your limiting beliefs
We’re often not even conscious of our limiting beliefs. 7 Make a habit of carrying a notebook and pen around with you for the next week. Notice when your mood changes for the worse or when you’re feeling particularly down.
2. Collect the evidence
Once you’ve discovered what your limiting beliefs are, start collecting evidence that disproves the limiting beliefs. If you think about this properly, you’ll find that there is a lot of evidence out there. 8 On the contrary, you will realize there is very little evidence to support those beliefs.
3. 9
Repetitive thoughts form our beliefs and so it’s essential to start making your internal dialogue positive, rather than negative. Over time this will become automatic, and you will start to form healthier beliefs about yourself.
4. Take action
Taking action is the single most important tool when it comes to making any sort of change in your life. Knowledge, without action, is worthless. Taking action to change your life is a choice. 10 . It takes effort and determination.
A．There’s no quick fix
B．There is no substitute for taking action
C．Trade your limiting belief for an empowering statement
D．You’ve just been unconsciously ignoring it your whole life
E．For each limiting belief you have, turn it into a positive affirmation
F．These are known as limiting beliefs, stunting (阻碍) our potential
G．Because we believe them to be a reality, we don’t recognize them for what they are
3.（2023·广西玉林·高三统考阶段练习）
When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate 11 , it was easy for your mind to wander. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.
Scientists have looked at what makes us time delay and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. 12 .Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.
Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to get serious and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. It proves that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. 13 .
There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. 14 . It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
15 . “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”
A．When you were concentrating on your study
B．So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer
C．One of the most obvious things is excluding noise
D．If you weren’t interested in what you were learning
E．However, distraction isn’t all bad under some conditions
F．On the whole, we should make efforts to get rid of the bad impact of distraction
G．These include making a list of the tasks, finding a suitable workspace, or chewing some gum
4.（2024上·甘肃武威·高三统考期末）
How to Make the Most of Your Free Time of Holidays
While the holidays can be a fun time to relax and enjoy seeing family and friends, you can end up with a lot of downtime if you don’t plan ahead. If you want to get the most out of your holidays, schedule time for a mixture of fun activities and productive tasks. 16 .
Wake up early to get each day off to a good start. It can be tempting to sleep in during the holidays, but you’ll get more out of your time off if you wake up a little earlier than normal each day. Even setting your alarm 30 minutes earlier can help keep you from getting off schedule, and you’ll have more time during the day to get things done. If you do end up staying up late one night, try to get up as early as you can the next morning. 17 .
Spend time learning or improving a skill, craft, or hobby. If you think you’re going to have a lot of free time over the holidays, try using that time to learn something new. You might practice a new drawing technique if you love art, for instance, or you might try learning to play a new song if you play the guitar. 18 . For instance, you might prepare tasty cuisines that you can bring along to a holiday celebration.
19 . A book is a great way to stimulate your imagination, but it’s also a relaxing way to pass the time. Find a spy novel, a romance story, or an epic adventure that will keep you interested and excited, and you’ll be surprised how quickly you’re turning the pages! 20 , try reading that material for about 10 to 15 minutes before you switch to the book you’re reading for fun.
A．Take time to read for fun or for study
B．The holidays are also a great time to improve cooking skills
C．But remember that frequent getting up early is harmful to your health
D．Then go to bed extra early the next night to help you stay on schedule
E．A well-scheduled holiday can make you more refreshed in the coming semester
F．If you have any assigned reading materials, you're supposed to do over the break
G．While keeping in mind that it's also important to spend some time relaxing yourself
5.（2023·江西赣州·高三江西省全南中学考试）
Being sick at college is no fun at all. It means missing classes and social events and then catching up on work. Maintaining physical health as well as mental health is as likely to determine students’ happiness and success as anything else. 21
1. Wash your hands. It is the easiest way to prevent catching colds from roommates and friends. 22
2. Drink water. Coffee may wake you up, but water will keep you going. Replace at least a cup of coffee with one glass of water each day. Or, better yet, drink a cup of water for every cup of coffee you consume daily. You will feel better. 23
3. Sometimes students’ schedules prevent them from having “normal” meals at “normal” times. 24
4. Track your sleep. Staying up late and then getting up early for class the next day works for about one night. The quickest way to run down your body is to not provide sufficient nourishment through food, water and sleep.
5. 25 Every college offers academic support as well as mental health services. Thankfully, much of the shame of seeing an adviser has decreased, and students are more willing to get help sooner. Unfortunately, many students wait until they are very unhappy, and then the road to recovery is longer.
A．Examine your physical health regularly.
B．Here are a few tips on how you can stay healthy at college.
C．Just carry a water bottle in your backpack and fill it up regularly.
D．You must be careful about your health at college.
E．Check out student services.
F．It makes sense to wash before eating and to carry a small container of hand cleanser.
G．Carry some healthy snacks that will satisfy you until your next meal.
6.（2024上·江西鹰潭·高三贵溪市实验中学期末）
How to improve critical thinking
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing information to get the best answer to a question or problem. By drawing upon your own experience, reasoning, observation and communication with others,you can make informed decisions that bring positive solutions. 26
Become more self-aware. Becoming more self-aware means considering your thought process,values,morals,and other beliefs.What do you believe in How do your thoughts reflect these values 27 Knowing what your personal preferences,strengths/weaknesses and prejudices(偏见)can help you better understand why you approach specific situations from a certain point of view.
28 Identify and evaluate how you receive and process information. Understanding how you listen,then interpret,and finally react to information is vital to becoming more mentally efficient in the workplace. Taking time to analyze your mental process before making a work decision can help you act more objectively.
Develop foresight. Consider how others might feel about a situation or decision you make. 29 Having the foresight to predict how your actions at work will produce reactions will help you make the right choice.
Practice active listening. Active listening is a foundational element of effective critical thinking. 30 Be considerate and focus on understanding their point of view. Gaining a full understanding of what they want, need or expect can help you react positively and have a subsequent productive conversation.
A．Evaluate existing evidence.
B．Understand your mental process.
C．Here are several tips you can take to become a critical thinker.
D．It’s vital to think objectively about your likes and dislikes.
E．Listen attentively while coworkers and supervisors are talking.
F．Determine the possible out comes of a situation and what might change.
G．Follow up by asking yourself if something is a fact, an opinion or an idea.
7.（2024上·安徽六安·高三六安一中校考阶段练习）
In my writing, I adhere (遵守) to some essential rules: understanding the message I want to convey and to whom I am communicating, and presenting it in a clear and concise (简洁的) manner. When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style. 31 A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience.
32 It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message.
Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life. 33 For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings
Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient. 34 Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators.
In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing. 35 With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life.
A．Readers can easily get bored.
B．Understanding the audience is crucial.
C．However, there is good news on the horizon.
D．Effective communication is not limited to writing.
E．It is fundamental to success in many aspects of life.
F．Great ideas are only limited by our ability to express them.
G．It is a skill that can be learned and developed through practice.
8.（2023·安徽合肥·高三合肥一六八中学校考）
The Upside to Being Outside
Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, 36
What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flowers. 37 And such state will remain in the following months. So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation.
38 Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings.
To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. 39 One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. Another found that exposure to nature helped people score better on tests. That’s more proof that going outside is a smart and creative move!
What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. 40 Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness. This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level.
A．How does nature boost people’s happiness
B．Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking.
C．What kinds of activities are suggested doing in nature
D．as long as you set the fixed time as a daily routine to go outside.
E．Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout it.
F．even though the average visit was only around half an hour and even less.
G．But studies have found that being outside also has some more surprising benefits.
9.（2024上·吉林长春·高三东北师大附中期末）
How to master tricky conversations at work
Many of us struggle to say what we need to at work. Whether it’s asking for a pay rise or facing a co-worker over their behaviour, these conversations can be difficult to have without the other person getting angry. 41 . Here’s my tips on how to tackle your next difficult conversation.
Plan
First, you need to plan what you’re going to say. 42 . Write down what you want out of the conversation and be clear on what you want to happen as a result. For example, you may decide: “I want to get an agreement on deadlines for this project and a clear outline of who will be responsible for each task.”
Prepare
The second thing you need to do is write down the key messages you want to get across in the conversation. 43 . Remember to speak slowly, breathe. If you are particularly nervous, rehearse (排练) what you plan to say in front of a friend so you know you are coming across as you wish to.
Be empathetic
Finally, put yourself in the other person’s shoes — however annoying that person might be. The useless boss who never gives you feedback is simply struggling with her own workload. 44 , the more we can plan how to work with them towards a successful outcome.
When you have the conversation, don’t get blind-sided by fast talkers. If the person you’re speaking to starts to avoid blame or your questioning, ask them what their part is in all of this and what they can take responsibility for. 45 . And finally, if you feel under pressure, remember to respond slowly rather than reacting quickly.
A．Practise saying them out loud
B．Start with the end result in mind
C．The language you use is also important
D．The more careful you’re with the language you use
E．The more we can understand the other person’s worldview
F．To manage your emotions during a difficult conversation, breathe deeply
G．But not being able to have “that conversation” can hold you back in your career
10.（黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈尔滨市第一中学考试）
Tips for Traveling with Your Parents
Many of us have fond memories of traveling with our parents as children,which makes going on vacation with them as adults much more special. 46 But depending on your parents'age,health, and preferences,going away together can also bring challenges.here are ups to help make sure everyone has a good time.
Find a point person.
47 It's best when there is a single point person for planning who becomes the advocate for all members of the travel party.If mobility is an issue,try planning with Accessible GO,a platform that enables travelers to search by city or interest for wheelchair-friendly activities.
Build in options.
48 Being aware of each traveler's fitness and activity level is crucial in designing a route.For example,start with a slow-paced activity that everyone can enjoy such as wine tasting，and have more-energetic activities,like hiking. 49
Consider buying insurance.
Emergencies--such as a missed flight or lost luggage--can happen at any age,so it's wise to invest in travel insurance.Many policies cover medical emergencies as well as everyday travel mishaps(小事故). 50 Some insurance supplements even arrange air medical transfers to the traveler's hospital of choice.
A．Be optional.
B．It's a chance to return the favor.
C．Make sure those who get ill are well attended to.
D．As our parents are aging,they should not travel alone.
E．Be sure to do your homework as some policies are better than others.
F．Having one person in charge can significantly minimize stress and confusion.
G．The most important thing is striking a balance between activities and free time to ensure that no one gets exhausted.
