人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and courage Learning About Language 词汇讲解课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
XB3 Unit 4
ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Words and expressions
Section II
Learning About Language

cruel / kru l/ adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
【教材原句】　Life was cruel to Oliver when he was young.
奥利弗小时候，生活对他很残酷。
Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to animals.
【派生】（2）cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地
cruelty n.　残忍；残酷
【固搭】（1）be cruel to　　　　对……残忍
be cruel to be kind　　为使其受益而严格要求
有些人选择不吃肉，因为他们认为吃肉对动物太残忍了。
单句语法填空
①The deliberate故意的 　cruelty　 （cruel） of his words cut her like a knife.
②The tramp流浪汉 had been 　cruelly　 （cruel） treated before she adopted him.
　完成句子
③I can’t put up with people 　who/that are cruel to animals　 .
我不能容忍对动物残忍的人。
cruelty　
cruelly　
who/that are cruel to animals　
cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
【派生】（2）cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地
cruelty n.　残忍；残酷
【固搭】（1）be cruel to　　　　对……残忍
unfortunately/ n f t n tli/ adv. 不幸地；遗憾地
【教材原句】　Unfortunately，his application was turned down because he was too young and not qualified enough.
不幸的是，他的申请被拒绝了，因为他太年轻，资质不够。
fortune n.【U】机遇；运气(chance, luck)；【C】大笔钱，巨款
fortunate adj.幸运的--fortunately adv.幸运地--unfortunate adj.不幸的
【佳句】　①Unfortunately， he submitted himself to the temporary暂时的 difficulty and he didn’t achieve his goal.
不幸的是，他屈服于暂时的困难，没有实现他的目标。
②We had to eat out all the time. It ended up costing a fortune.我们不得不总在外面吃饭，结果花了很多钱。
submit oneself to 　
(It) end up doing sth
单句语法填空
①The young man resolved to seek his 　fortune　 （fortunate） in that city， but in vain徒劳无功.
②I was late，but 　fortunately　 （fortune） the meeting hadn’t started.
完成句子
③ 　I am fortunate to have such a precious opportunity/chance　 to serve as a volunteer in the activity.
我很幸运有这样一次宝贵的机会在活动中担任志愿者。
I am fortunate to have such a precious opportunity/chance　
fortune　
fortunately　
resolve to do决心做某事
seek one’s fortune寻找发迹的机会；寻出路
make a/one’ s fortune[C] 发财;赚大钱
learning about language P40-41
crew/kru /[集合名词]
cruel/ kru l/ (to)-cruelly-cruelty
thorough/ θ r /(adj.)-thoroughly
furniture/ f n t (r)/[U/C]
fortunately/ f t n tli/
unfortunately/ n f t n tli/
bark/bɑ k/ (at)
rugby/ r ɡbi/
bat/b t/
damp/d mp/
recreation/ rekri e n/-recreational
guidance/ ɡa d( )ns/-guide
nephew/ nefju /-niece
advertise/ dv ta z/（+ment/er）
advertising/ dv ta z /
corporate/ k p r t/
thorough/ θ r / adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的thoroughly adv. 彻底地；完全地
crew/kru / [集合名词+v. sing/pl]
n.(轮船、飞机等上面的) 全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
crew member(s)
furniture/ f n t (r)/ n.[U] 家具
a piece of/ an item of furniture 一件家具
furnish vt. 为……配备家具
furnish … with …【主动】/ be furnished with …【被动】
furnished adj. 配备家具的
a fully furnished room 配备齐全的房间
bark /bɑ k/ vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声;树皮
The dog suddenly started barking at us.
rugby n.橄榄球运动
bat /b t/ n.球拍；蝙蝠 v.拍打；用球板击球
He bats very well.
他擅长击球。
Who's batting first for the Orioles
谁代表金莺队第一个出场击球？
In Chinese folklore the bat is a symbol of good fortune.
在中国民间传说中，蝙蝠是好运的象征。
This boy has a baseball bat.
damp /d mp/ adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
I don't like a damp weather.
我不喜欢潮湿的天气。
The damp air makes my old bones hurt.
潮湿的空气令我的老骨头受到了伤害。
recreation n.【U】娱乐；消遣；【C】娱乐活动；游戏recreational adj.娱乐的，消遣的
the need to improve facilities for leisure and recreation
改进消遣娱乐设施之必要
His recreations include golf, football and shooting.
他的娱乐活动包括打高尔夫球、踢足球和射击。
occupation
n. [C] 消遣，业余活动；工作，职业
guidance n.指导；引导；导航
guide vt.指导，引导
n.导游，向导；指南，手册(guidebook)
under one’s guidance＝under the guidance of sb.
在某人的指导下
nephew/ nefju / n.侄子；外甥
niece/ni s/ n. 侄女，外甥女
advertising/ dv ta z / n. 广告活动；广告业
radio/TV advertising 广播/电视广告
A good advertising campaign will increase our sales.
advertise/ dv ta z/ v.公布；宣传；做广告
= put an advertisement / d v t sm nt/ n. 广告
advertiser/ dv ta z (r)/ n.广告商
corporate/ k p r t/ adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
corporate finance 公司的财务
corporate identity (= the image of a company, that all its members share) 公司形象
a corporate body 法人团体
corporate responsibility 共同的责任
cooperate/co-operate v.合作；协作
learning about language P40-41
crew[集合名词]
cruel (to)-cruelty
thorough/ θ r /
furniture-furnish-furnished
fortunately-fortune
unfortunately/ n f t n tli/
bark/bɑ k/
rugby/ r ɡbi/
bat/b t/
damp/d mp/
recreation-recreational
guidance-guide
nephew-niece
advertise(+er/ment)
advertising/ dv ta z /
corporate/ k p r t/
Section II
Using Language
give up 戒除；放弃；让出
give away 不小心透露，泄露；赠送，免费给予
give out　 分配，分发；（食物、燃料、力气等）用光，精疲力竭
give in （to ...） （向……）屈服，投降，让步；提出，上交
give back　 归还
give on to sth　　有某物的景致；朝向某物(give upon, look out upon)
give over （doing sth）停止做某事
give off 放出（热、光、气味或气体）
③The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the kidnapper’s demands.　 　屈服　
完成句子
④With great perseverance， I will never 　give in to　 any hardship.Neither 　will I give up my dream　 of being admitted to Peking University.
凭着极大的毅力，我决不向任何困难屈服。我也不会放弃被北京大学录取的梦想。（否定副词放句首，句子部分倒装）
屈服　
②All of us consider him a genuine person， and therefore， he won’t give away our secret.　 　泄露　
泄露　
give in to　
will I give up my dream　
语境辨义
①Although he was a man full of vigour， his strength still gave out because of too much work.　 　精疲力竭　
精疲力竭　
【写美】　完成句子
③I took the College Entrance Examination and 　committed myself to getting　 into college.
我参加了高考，并决心进入大学。
④If you 　commit yourself to your study　 ， you’ll succeed one day.
如果你专注于自己的学业，终有一天你会取得成功。
committed myself to
getting　
commit yourself to your study　
①He was a good man who was 　committed　 （commit） to his family as well as to his work.
②If you are serious about our relationship， you should make a 　commitment　 （commit）.
committed　
commitment　
be committed to 致力于
commit oneself to (doing)致力于
commitment /k m tm nt/ n. 承诺；保证；奉献
【教材原句】And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。
【派生】commit vt.(-tt-)　犯罪；做错事；保证；承诺
committed adj.　尽心尽力的；尽责的;坚定的，坚信的(OPP. un~)
【固搭】
（1）make a commitment （to do sth）　 作出承诺（做某事）
commit oneself to (doing) sth
专心致志于（做）某事；承诺/保证（做）某事
be committed to （doing） sth　　承诺/全身心地投入（做）某事
重点句型解构
句型公式：keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语：使...怎么样
【教材原句】Our disciplin/ d s pl n/纪律 and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.
纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们积极成功地应对恐惧感。
在keep复合结构（keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语）中，可以用作宾语补足语的有动词-ing形式、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。
①The challenging puzzle拼图；谜 kept her thinking for hours， but she still couldn’t find the answer.
②Please keep your hands behind your back.
单句语法填空
①It is necessary that we keep the young generation 　informed　 （inform） of通知 the current 现在、当前的affairs事务，事宜.
②The question kept me 　wondering　 （wonder） for the rest of the night一整晚.
③He kept the door 　locked　 （lock） all day while he was away.
informed　
wondering　
locked　
完成句子
④It can prevent us from getting short-sighted and it can 　keep us physically healthy　 .
它能够使我们免于近视，而且能使我们保持身体健康。
keep us physically
healthy　
Using langugae P42-45
rough/r f/-roughly
navigator/ n v ɡe t (r)/-navigate(vt.)-navigation(n.)
loyal/ l l/-loyalty
motor/ m t (r)/
candidate/ k nd d t/
make fire
give off
episode/ ep s d/
commit(to doing)-committed(to doing)-commitment
motive/ m t v/(for)-motivate-motivation
Confucianism/k n fju n z m/
rough /r f/ adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
roughly adv.大约，大致，差不多；粗糙地；粗暴地
Roughly speaking , we receive about fifty letters a week on the subject.
粗略地说
navigator n.领航员；航行者
navigate v.导航；确定（船、飞机、汽车等）的位置和方向
航行；航海；横渡
navigation n.航行，导航
loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的
loyalty n. 忠诚
a loyal friend/supporter 忠实的朋友/支持者
be loyal to sb 对……忠诚
motor / m t (r)/
n.发动机；马达
adj.有引擎的；机动车的
motor vehicles 机动车辆
a motor accident 机动车事故
motorbike = motorcycle n.摩托车
candidate / k nd d t/ n.候选人；应试者
a presidential candidate 总统候选人
a candidate for sth 某职位的候选人
She's the perfect candidate for the job.
make fire 生火
make a fire 生火[fire (C)火灾，灶火]
着火，开始燃烧：catch/take fire be on fire
纵火/点火烧某物：set sth on fire /set fire to sth
play with fire 冒险，玩火
Her eyes were full of fire. 激情；愤怒；热情
A young girl was in the line of fire. 在射程之内
motive / m t v/ n.动机；原因；目的
motivate v.成为……的动机,是……的原因;激励,激发
motivation n.动力，诱因；积极性，干劲
the motive for sth 某事的动机
There seemed to be no motive for the murder.
这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。
episode / ep s d/
n.（人生的）一段经历；小说片段、插曲
I'd like to try and forget the whole episode.
我倒想尽量把那段经历全部忘掉。
One of the funniest episodes in the book occurs in Chapter 6.
书中最有趣的片段之一在第6章。
Confucianism/k n fju n z m/
n.孔子学说；儒家学说
Confucius/k n fju s/ 孔子
Confucian/k n fju n/
adj. （与）孔子（有关）的；
（与）儒家、儒学或儒教（有关）的
n. 儒家学者；孔子的门徒
Using langugae P42-45
rough/r f/-roughly
navigator/ n v ɡe t (r)/-navigate(vt.)-navigation(n.)
loyal/ l l/-loyalty
motor/ m t (r)/
candidate/ k nd d t/
make fire
give off
episode/ ep s d/
commitment/k m tm nt/
motive/ m t v/-motivate-motivation
Confucianism/k n fju n z m/