2024年中考英语鲁教版一轮复习各册难点归纳

六年级上册U1-U5
too 肯定句句末，前有逗号
also 肯定句句中，放在行为动词之前，be动词、系动词以及助动词之后
either 否定句句末，前有逗号
as well 肯定句句末，前无逗号
last
adj. 最后的，上一个的
adv.最后，上次
v.持续
n.最后=at last=in the end=finally
family/home/house
family 家，家庭，做主语，谓语动词用单数
家人，做主语，谓语动词用复数
home ，家，家乡，指个人或者家庭住所
产地，发源地
house 房子，主要指建筑物
六年级上册U6-U10
What about = How about
表示建议的句型：
Why not do sth.
What/How about doing sth.
Shall we do sth.
You’d better (not) do sth.
Would you like to do sth.
Why don’t you do sth.
Let’s do sth.
Would you mind doing sth.
Thank sb. for =Thanks for
thanks for”因……而表示感谢”
thanks to “幸亏，由于”
help
v. help sb. (to) do sth.
help (sb.) with sth.
help (sb.) out
can’t help doing sth.
help oneself to sth.
n. (不可数）
ask sb. for help
with one’s help= with the help of sth.
play
v. 扮演 play a/an ……role /part in
演奏 play+the+西洋乐器
播放 play music
玩 play with sb./sth.
play +球类
play +棋牌类、游戏类
play a joke on sb.
play a trick on sb.
n. 剧本，戏剧（可数）
5.sound 系动词，“听起来”+形容词/like +n.
名词，“声音”
sound 泛指，“声音”
voice (人、鸟）声音，嗓音
noise “噪音”
6.need
实义动词，need n./to do sth./doing=to be done
情态动词
名词 in (great )need of
have no need to do=There is no need for sb. to do sth.
buy/sell/sale
buy (v.) buy sth. from sth.= buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.
sell (v.) sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb.
sale(n.) on sale 出售，上市，廉价
for sale 待售
六年级下册U1-U5
speak
speak “说（某种语言），说话”强调说话方式
say“说，讲，”强调说话内容
talk “交谈，谈话”talk to /with/about/back/over
tell “告诉，讲述”“区别”
2.
be good at 擅长= do well in
be good for 对……有好处
be good to 对……好=be kind to
be good with 善于应付……，对……有办法
3.dress
dress sb. in sth. 给某人穿……衣服
dress up 穿盛装
dress up as 扮成
dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服
get dressed 穿戴好衣服
区别： 表动作 put on+衣服/鞋/袜/帽
dress+人
表状态 wear +衣服、首饰等
be dressed in +衣服类
（be）in +颜色/衣服
4常见交通方式表达
take a/the +交通
walk/ride/fly/drive to +地点
by+交通工具
in+限定词+小型交通
on+限定词+大型交通工具
stop
n. 车站
v. 停止 stop doing sth.
stop to do sth.
stop…… （from）doing=keep/prevent …… from
can’t stop doing sth.
afraid
be afraid to do sth.
be afraid of (doing) sth.
I’m afraid that……
六年级下册U6-U10
到达
arrive “到达；够得着”
arrive at +小地点
arrive in+ 大地点
arrive +副词
reach reach+地点
reach+副词
get get to +地点
get +副词
2.
watch 注视，观看（比赛，电影）；看电视
look 看，看起来 （强调动作） look at
see 看见（强调结果），理解
read 阅读，看（书、报纸、杂志）
3.
too many 太多+可数名词复数
too much (1)后跟不可数名词（2）修饰动词（3）名词短语
much too 太……+adj./adv.
keep
系动词keep +adj.
keep sb./sth.+adj.
实义动词 Keep sb./sth. doing
keep (on) doing
keep ……from doing sth. 阻止……做某事
keep sth.+一段时间 借……多久
forget
forget sb./sth.
forget to do sth.
forget doing sth.
forget that+
七年级上册U1-U4
1.
a few（+可数名词复数）几个
few （+可数名词复数）几乎没有
a little (+不可数名词）一点儿
little (+不可数名词）几乎没有
would like sth.
would like to do sth.
would like sb. to do sth.
order
n. 点菜 take one’s order
秩序，顺序 in order / out of order井然有序/出故障
v. 点菜，
命令 order sb.(not) to do sth.
4.
the number of ……的数量
a number of 许多的
5.hear
hear sb. do sth.( be heard to do sth.)
hear sb. doing sth.
hear that……
hear from
hear of/about
v.-ing “令人……”
v.-ed ”感到……
7.surprise
n. in surprise
to one’s surprise
give sb. a surprise
get a surprise
v. surprise sb./make sb. surprised
8.put
put up 搭起，建立；张贴；举起
put out 扑灭
put off doing sth.推迟
put on 穿上，上演，发胖
put away 收起
put down 放下
so that “为了”
（1）so +adj./adv. + that
so adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+that
such+a/an +adj 单数可数名词+that
such+adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+that
七年级上册U5-U8
seem
seem +名词/形容词“似乎是……，好像是……”
seem + to do sth.
It seems that
seem like“看起来像”
decide
v. decide(not) to do sth.
decide on /upon doing sth.
decide+特殊疑问词+to do
decide+宾语从句
n. decision make a decision
make one’s own decision(s)
because
because of +名词、代词或动名词
because+句子
enough
adj. “足够的”放于名词前或者后
adv. “足够地”，放于形容词或者副词之后
hardly
hardly adv. “几乎不”，位于实义动词之前
hard adj. “困难的，硬的，辛苦的”
adv.”努力地，猛烈地”，实义动词之后
mind
n. 头脑，心智 change one’s mind
keep one’s mind 牢记
make up one’s mind to do sth.
come to one’s mind 某人突然想起
v. 介意 mind(not) doing sth.
7. win/beat
win “获胜，赢得”，及物动词，厚街比赛、战争、奖品或荣誉
不及物动词，“赢”
beat “敲打，打败”及物动词，后接对手
不及物动词，“殴打，拍打，跳动”
8.care
careful adj. 小心的，细致的
carefully adv. 小心地，细致地
caring adj. 体贴人的
care about 关心，在意。
care for 照顾
take (good) care of =look after…… （well）(好好） 照顾/照料
9.
be similar to (性质、属性、特点、方式、方法）类似
take after 在（相貌、体格、性情等方面）像（父母等），与……相像，多指遗传
look like 看上去像，看起来像，问外表
be like “像……”问外表和性格。
七年级下册U1-U4
1.
look for “寻找”，强调动作
find “发现，找到”（finding n.）
find out 查明
discover 发现，发觉
invent 发明
2.
happen 偶然或突发性事件，主语为物，无被动
sth. happen(s) to sb.
sb. happen(s) to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事
take place 事先计划或预先布置发生，无被动。
sure
be sure to do sth. 务必/一定做某事
be sure about/of/that 确信
make sure of /to do/ that 确保
for sure 无疑，肯定
promise
n. 承诺，诺言 make a promise
keep /break one’s promise
v. 许诺 promise（not）to do sth.
promise sb. sth.= promise sth.
promise (sb.) that
take
take up 学着做，开始做；占用（时间、空间）
take ……seriously 认真对待
take after （外貌或行为）像
take down 拆除，记录
take out 拿走
take off 脱下，起飞
take in 吸入
take a shower 淋浴
take a walk 散步
take a trip 去旅行
take a message 捎口信
take a break 休息
take place 发生
fall
不及物动词 fall off 从……落下
fall into 落入
fall down 突然倒下
fall in love with爱上
fall over绊倒
fall behind 落后于
系动词 fall asleep 入睡
fall ill 生病
名词 “秋天”“瀑布”
fill (v.) “使充满，装满”fill ……with=be filled with
full (adj.) “充满的” be full of
cover v. 遮盖，覆盖 cover with =be covered with/by
n. 覆盖物，封面
七年级下册U5-U8
prepare(v.)
prepare for
prepare sth. for sb.=prepare sb. sth.
prepare to do sth.
be prepared for = be ready for
until
介词，“到……时，直到……为止”
连词，“直到……为止”谓语动词必须用延续性动词，主将从现
not……until “直到……才……”谓语动词为非延续性动词
turn
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
turn down 调低，拒绝
turn up 调高，出现
look forward to （doing）sth. 盼望
expect sb. to do 期待
experience
n. 可数名词，“经历”
不可数名词，“经验”
v. “经历，体验”
adj. experienced 有经验的
6.询问病情常用语
What’s the matter with sb.
What’s wrong with sb.
What’s the trouble with sb.
What happened to sb.
What ‘s up with sb.
What’s the problem with sb.
used to
used to do sth. 过去常常
be/get/become used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used to do= be used for doing sth.被用来
run 跑；管理，经营，使用（车辆）；（使）运转，操作；刊登，
run out 用完，耗尽，不能跟宾语，无被动，主语为物，
run out of 用完，必须跟宾语，有被动
从……跑出去
mean v.
mean sth. 意思是
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
die
die v. 死亡 die of/from/down
dead adj. 死的
dying adj. 垂死的
death n.死亡
lonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的
alone adj. 单独的
adv. 单独地
raise
raise (v.) 举起，增加，提高，筹集，抚养
rise (V.) 上升，增加，上涨，起来
八年级上册U1-U4
neither
adj. neither+名词单数，做主语时，谓语动词用单数
pron. neither of+名词/代词复数，做主语时，谓语动词用单数
adv. neither/nor+情态动词/助动词/be动词+另一个主语，“……也不”
so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+另一个主语，“……也是”
conj. neither……nor……“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列主语，谓语动词用就近原则
borrow
borrow“借用”，非延续性动词，borrow ……sth.(from sb./somewhere)
lend “借出”，非延续性动词，lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
keep “保留”，延续性动词，keep sth. for +一段时间
return “归还”，return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb.
provide
provide “提供”provide sth. for sb.= provide sb. with sth.
offer “主动提出，自愿给予” offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.
offer to do sth.
allow
allow doing sth.
allow sb. to do sth.=be allowed to do sth.
compare
compare ……with 把……和……比较（compared with 和……相比，通常放于句首）
compare ……to 把……比作……
remind
remind sb. of = make sb. think of 使某人想起……
remind sb. (not) to do sth.提醒某人（不要）做某事
remind sb. that 提醒某人做某事
instead
instead adv.“代替，相反，却”，修饰整个句子，谓语句首或句末，后不接其他词，表示前面的事未做而做了后面的事
instead of 介词短语 “代替，而不是”在句中位置灵活，后面可跟名词、代词或动名词，表示没有做后面的事
marry
marry sb. =be/get married to sb.与某人结婚
marry sb.to sb. 把某人嫁给某人/让某人娶某人
get married结婚（表动作）
be married结婚（表状态）
八年级上册U5-U8
population 集合名词，指人口总数，“人口，人口数量”（large/big/small）
作主语且强调整体人口，谓语动词用单数
分数/百分数+of+the population 作主语，谓语动词用复数
What /How large is the population of ……？
某地+has a population of+数词/ The population of+某地+is+数词“某地有多少人口”
include
include v. 后面接名词，动名词
including prep.后接名词、代词、动名词，常位于句中或句末，前多有逗号
3.
succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth.
success n.
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
4.
achieve “（通过努力）实现，取得达到”，主语一般是人，achieve one’s dream/success
名词，achievement
realize “实现”“意识到，了解”
come true “实现”（主语为物），make ……come true
encourage v. 鼓励（encouragement n.）
encourage sb. in sth.
encourage sb. to do sth.
regard
“关注，打量，注视”
“认为，看待” regard……as……=see/treat/consider …… as把……看作
consider
思考，考虑 consider（doing）sth./consider +疑问词+to do sth.
认为，觉得 consider ……as
consider +that从句
consider sb./sth. (to be)
八年级下册U1-U4
suggest
suggest v. (suggestion n. 可数)
suggest sth. to sb.
suggest (sb./one’s) doing sth.
advise V. (advice n. 不可数）
advise sb. (not) to do sth.
advise doing sth.
advise sb. on/about
cost/spend/pay/take
cost (v. 花费。 n. 成本，花费） sth cost(s) sb.+ money
It costs sb. some money to do sth.
spend(v.) sb. spend(s) +time/money on sth.
sb. spend(s) +time/ money(in) doing sth.
pay (v.) sb. pay(s) +money for sth.
pay for“为……付钱”
pay back 偿还
take (v.) It take(s) +time+to do sth.
3.
attend 正式用语，参加会议、典礼
join 加入某个党派、组织、社团、俱乐部等，并成为其中一员
join in 指参加小规模的活动，如比赛、游戏
take part in 多指参加群众性的活动，并发挥积极作用
4.avoid
avoid sth./sb.
avoid doing
suppose
suppose sb./sth to be 认为某人、某物是……
suppose+that
be (not)supposed to do sth.
receive 客观上“收到”，“接待，欢迎”
accept 主观上 “接受”
patient
n. 病人
adj. 有耐心的 be patient with……/be patient to do sth.
patience(n.) patiently(adv.) impatient (adj.)
look
look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅，抬头看
look forward to 期待
look up to 钦佩
look back at 回顾
look out 当心
look like 看起来像
look for 寻找
look after 照顾
look through 浏览
八年级下册U5-U8
lay/lie
lay v. 放置（lay out）;下蛋，产卵（lay -laid-laid-laying）
lie v. 平躺，位于(lie-lay-lain-lying)；说谎(lie-lied-lied-lying)；
n . 谎言
warn
warn sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人注意某事
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）做某事
warn sb.against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事
end
v. 结束，终止 end up like 最终落得像……一样的下场
end up with 以 ……结束
end up doing sth. 以做某事而告终
n. 末尾，尽头 in the end
at the end of
by the end of 到……末为止
polite （adj.）politely (adv.) impolite (adj.)
be polite to sb.对某人又礼貌
It’s polite (of sb.) to do sth.（某人）做某事是有礼貌的
5.
if 是否，如果
when “什么时候”“当……的时候”
6.
deal with 处理，应付。强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用
do with 处理，安置。 强调处理的对象，常与what 连用
7.
proud （adj.） 自豪的，骄傲的 be proud of/ to do sth.
pride (n.) 自豪，骄傲 take pride in
8.be made
be made of 由……制作（看得出原料）
be made from 由……制作（看不出原料）
be made in 产于某地
be made by 被……制成
be made up of 由……组成（强调由部分组成整体）
be known/famous+介词
be known/famous for
be known/famous as
be known/famous to “为……所知”
九年级全册
pleasure
pleasure n. “愉快” with pleasure乐意效劳/my pleasure不客气
please v.“使满意，使高兴”
pleased adj. “高兴的”（人） be pleased with/to do sth.
pleasant adj. “令人愉快的”（物）
It +be+过去分词+that从句
It is said that 据说
It is believed that 人们认为
It is reported that 据报道
It is known that 众所周知
It is supposed that 据猜测
not only……but（ also ）……不但……而且……“就近原则”
neither……nor 既不……也不……“就近原则”
either……or 或者……或者；要么……要么“就近原则”
both ……and
way
get in the way of doing sth. 挡……路；妨碍
go out of one’s way to do sth.特地，费心去做
make one’s way to 前往，费力前进
lose one’s way 迷路
on the/one’s way to 在去……的路上
by the way 顺便说一下
in this / the same way用这种/同样的方法
in a way在某种程度上
the way to do sth.=the way of doing sth.做某事的方法
sleep
sleep(v./n) 睡觉
asleep (adj.)睡着的 fall asleep睡着
sleepy （adj.）困倦的
sleeping（adj.）正在睡觉的
prevent
prevent +名词/代词 预防/阻止
prevent sb. (from) doing sth.=stop sb. (from) doing sth.=keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
prefer(preferred,preferred)
prefer sth.
prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A
prefer doing A to doing B 喜欢做A胜过做B
prefer to do sth. 宁愿/更喜欢做某事
prefer to do A rather than do B= would rather do A than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B
stick to doing sth. 坚持
hold on to doing sth. 坚持
look forward to doing sth.期盼
be/get used to doing sth.习惯于
pay attention to doing sth.专注于
9.
besides 除了……之外（还有），累加关系
expect 除了……之外（没有）,排除关系
expect for “除……之外”，整体与部分的关系
but “除了”与except用法基本相同
10.would rather 宁愿
would rather (not)do sth.宁愿（不）做某事
would rather do sth. than do sth.=would do sth. rather than do sth.
=prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
11.make
make sb./sth +adj. 使某人/某物……
make sb. +n. 使某人成为……
make sb. do sth.=be made to do sth. 使某人做某事
make it +adj.+to do sth. 使做某事……
make sb./sth. done 使某人/某事被……
by the time“在……以前，当……时候”
主句用过去完成时，by the time+一般过去时
afford v.买得起，承担得起
afford n./pron.
afford to do sth.负担得起做某事
14.
It’s+adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事很……”（adj.修饰做某事怎么样）
It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事真是太……”（adj.描述人的性格）
15.agree（v.）agreement( n.) disagree (v.)
agree with sb./one’s words 同意某人的观点、看法
agree on 取得一致意见
agree to 同意
agree to do sth.同意做某事
16.
separate v.分开，分离，隔开 separate ……from 把……与……分隔开
adj. 单独的，分离的
divide v. 分开，分散 （把整体分成若干） divide……into把……划分成……