2024年初中中考英语专项训练-阅读理解之记叙文（含解析）

2024年初中中考英语专项训练-阅读理解之记叙文
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模）
Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas
and truth. There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator.
Tao was born in Anhui province, China, in 1891. Later he studied abroad for educational philosophy. When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of “Education is life itself” to “Life is education”. Similarly,
instead of “school as society”, he saw it as “society as school” .
For Tao, education is an active experience in real-life instead of telling and being told. He supported “unity of
teaching, learning, and reflective (反思的) acting” .
Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve “mass education”. After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in
the city didn’t know how to read or write. He wanted to change the situation.
To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and
educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside.
In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao’s guidance, over 18,000 “little teachers” were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even in the fight against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in
Chongqing and offered free education to poor children.
Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life. “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not
even a leaf of grass.”
1 ．What is the correct order of Tao Xingzhi’s life experience
a. He did surveys in different places in China.
b. He went abroad to study educational philosophy.
c. He began to build colleges to train teachers and educators.
d. He called on young students to be teachers to others in need.
e. He returned to China and started his own career as an educator.
A ．a-c-b-d-e B ．b-e-a-c-d C ．a-e-d-c-b D ．b-c-e-a-d
2 ．What does the underlined words “mass education” mean in the text
A ．Education for poor workers. B ．Education for young children.
C ．Education for ordinary people. D ．Education for kids with great talent.
3 ．According to the passage, what did Tao Xingzhi do to help people read and write
A ．He built a normal college to train workers and farmers.
B ．He set up a middle school in Nanjing for poor children.
C ．He encouraged people to fight against the Japanese army.
D ．He asked young students to teach others in the movement.
4 ．What is the main idea of the passage
A ．Tao Xingzhi and his educational life. B ．How Tao Xingzhi studied philosophy.
C ．Tao Xingzhi loved leading movements. D ．Tao Xingzhi and his teaching at school.
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模）My mom’s life was a busy one. Raising four kids on her own was her full time job, but she also had to work outside the home to make money. Surprisingly, she always seemed to find extra time to
stay with us.
She would take us over to my aunt’s house in the evening when she worked as a waitress. After school we would have to hurry so my mom would be on time for work. I thought she would pass us over to our aunt and hurry off, but that didn’t happen. Instead, we would rock in my aunt’s big wooden swing (秋千), my mom in her waitress uniform,
and talk about what happened that day.
“I learned how to add numbers up to the hundreds,” my sister Sandy would say.
“That’s wonderful,” my mom would reply, holding her tight.
“I learned how to write my name!” Larry, my younger brother, would shout.
My mom would get a piece of paper and a pencil out of her purse and hand it to my brother. “Show me how you
do it,” she’d ask softly.
“Do you have enough time to hear what I did today ” I’d ask her.
Mom would smile at me and nod. “I’m never too busy for something valuable like that!”
She gave us the gift of time again and again. When she came to live with us after her retirement (退休), my mom gave the gift of time to my children, too. They would ask their grandma if she would play with them. By then my mom had health problems, but she would always nod and sit down and read to them or tell them stories. Those
moments were a wonderful gift that my children still talked about and treasured.
In the last few years of her life, I would take her to lunch or sit with her, and we would talk about the past, the dream of the future, and just enjoy being with each other. My mom would listen as I talked. I would look at her and
ask her if she minded me taking up so much of her free time.
“Nonsense,” she’d tell me, “I’m never too busy to spend time with you. It’s one of the greatest joys of my life.”
I will always remember those wonderful words and the loving heart behind them. It is a gift my mom gives to
me. Whatever happened, she always spent time with me.
5 ．According to the passage, we know that the writer grew up .
A ．in a small restaurant B ．with her four elder sisters
C ．with her aunt’s children D ．in a not rich but happy family
6 ．After retiring, the writer’s mother .
A ．always stayed on her own at home B ．had fun with the writer’s children
C ．moved to live with her daughter Sandy D ．often bought gifts for the writer’s children
7 ．What does the writer think of her mother
A ．Strict but helpful. B ．Lazy but tidy. C ．Caring and patient. D ．Busy and
polite.
8 ．What’s the best title for the passage
A ．Always for Pleasure B ．A Busy Mom
C ．My Mother’s Lifetime D ．The Gift of Mom’s time
（2023·广东广州 ·广州市第二中学校考二模） There was a young prince who had a pet lion. The lion was his friend, but unfortunately, the lion was never let out of his cage. This made the lion feel sad because he thought that
if he was considered a friend, then why was he not allowed out of the cage
Next to the lion’s cage was a hyena. He hated the lion. One day, the hyena said to the lion, “if you are the friend
of the prince, why does he keep you in a cage ”
The prince was about to answer, when the hyena cut him off and said, “The reason, Lion, is because of your big
teeth.” The prince laughed at this and said, “No, it’s not because of his teeth!”
“Then it’s because of your claws. They could kill the prince with one swipe!” the hyena said to the lion. The prince laughed again, “No, it’s not because of his claws. I trust the lion will not hurt me. The reason he’s in the cage is because I’m afraid that if I were to let him out, he’d see how wonderful it is to be free, and he would leave me. I
couldn’t stand that.”
The hyena said, “Oh, but you’re wrong, young prince! We love our cages. We’d never leave. Open my cage and I’ll show you.” The innocent young prince opened the cage and the hyena immediately jumped on the prince to eat
him.
Suddenly, the lion jumped out of his cage and grabbed the hyena in his powerful claws. The hyena escaped and
ran off, never to be seen again.
The young prince was surprised and asked, “Lion, how did you get out ” The lion replied, “My prince, my cage
was never locked. I have always stayed here because we are friends.”
From that day on, the lion’s cage door was taken off.
9 ．Why didn’t the prince let the lion out of his cage
A ．He didn’t really like the lion. B ．He was afraid of being attacked by the lion.
C ．He was worried that the lion might run off. D ．The lion always tried to escape from his cage.
10 ．What did we know about the hyena
A ．He jumped on the prince and ate him. B ．He broke the cage and escaped.
C ．He was killed by the lion. D ．He ran away at last.
11 ．What lesson did the prince probably learn that day
A ．A friendship without trust is not a real friendship. B ．A life without a friend is one without the sun.
C ．Keep a certain distance between friends. D ．A friend is easier lost than found.
12 ．What is the best title of this passage
A ．Lion—the Best Pet B ．A Silly Prince C ．The Lion and the Prince D ．A
Dangerous Hyena
（2023·广东广州 · 广州市玉岩中学校考二模）Dorothy lived in the Kansas Prairies with Uncle Henry, a
farmer, and Aunt Em, Henry’s wife. They worked hard all day and never smiled. Their house was small with a small
hole dug in the ground, where the family could go in case cyclones（龙卷风） happened.
They had a dog called Toto whom Dorothy always played with. Today, however, they were not playing. Uncle Henry sat upon the doorstep and looked worriedly. Dorothy stood in the door with Toto in her arms. Aunt Em was
washing the dishes.
They heard a low wail of the wind, and Uncle Henry and Dorothy could see where the long grass bowed in
waves before the coming storm.
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up.
“There’s a cyclone coming, Em” he said. “I’ll go look after my cows and horses.” Then he ran toward the place
where they were kept.
Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door. “Quick, Dorothy!” she shouted. “Run for the hole!”
Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get it. Aunt Em opened the door in the floor and climbed down into the small, dark hole. Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt. When she was halfway across the room, there came a strong wind. The house shook so hard that she lost her
footing and fell down on the floor.
Then a strange thing happened.
The house whirled around and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.
13 ．Which words can best describe Uncle Henry
A ．Kind and handsome. B ．Patient and smart.
C ．Warm-hearted but lazy. D ．Hard-working but serious.
14 ．What does “it” refer to in paragraph 7
A ．The dog. B ．The hole. C ．The bed. D ．The door.
15 ．What would probably happen next in the story
A ．Dorothy would jump into the hole with Toto.
B ．Dorothy would be taken to a new place by the wind.
C ．Uncle Henry would leave the house and help Dorothy.
D ．The cyclone would stop and the world would be peaceful.
（2023·广东广州 · 广州市真光中学校考二模）One of America’s best-known and most-loved authors is
Louisa May Alcott. For over a hundred years, her works have been popular among both adults and children. How did
Alcott become a famous writer
Born in 1832, Alcott grew up in Massachusetts with her three sisters. When she was very young, she loved to write. She would think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays. Alcott and her sisters acted out the dramas. Alcott always played the most exciting parts: ghost, bandits, and evil queens. She also loved playing and wandering
outdoors.
Alcott’s family was poor. At age fifteen, Alcott decided to help out. However, it was not easy for women to find work in the 19th century. Alcott worked at any job she could find. She took care of babies, she taught, and she washed
laundry for other people.
Alcott’s love of writing was always an important part of her. She wrote from her own life experiences and from her imagination. During the Civil War, Alcott volunteered to work as a nurse. She wrote about this work in her book Hospital Sketches. She also wrote thrillers(惊悚小说) that were full of suspense. When her publisher asked her to
write a book for girls. Alcott turned to her own life.
It was then, in 1868, that she wrote what was to become her most popular book, Little Women. The novel is set in New England during the Civil War. It tells the story of four sisters growing up. The family is very similar to the Alcotts’. The book’s main character, Jo, is based on Alcott herself. Like Alcott, Jo is a determined young woman with a mind of her own. The book was an instant success. It is still popular today and has been made into a movie. Alcott also wrote children’s books with boys as the main characters. This was the case in two other Alcott’s books,
Little Men and Jo’sBoys.
Early in her career someone once told Alcott that she should give up writing and “stick to teaching”. It is lucky that Alcott paid no attention to this misguided person. She knew what she wanted to do with her life and she did it!
16 ．Which words in Paragraph 2 help readers know what the word “dramas” means
A ．Turned into plays. B ．Loved to write.
C ．Grew up in Massachusetts. D ．Wandering outdoors.
17 ．In what order did the following things take place in Alcott’s life
a. She became well known because of the book, Little Women.
b. She worked as a nurse and finished her book set in the hospital.
c. She showed her love for writing and turned her stories into plays.
d. She made money for her family by working as a babysitter.
A ．d—c—b—a B ．d—b—a—c C ．c—a—b—d D ．c—d—b—a
18 ．What is the MOST likely reason why the author included the last paragraph
A ．To explain why some people should not give advice.
B ．To advise readers to read more about Louisa May Alcott’s life.
C ．To show that Louisa May Alcott got what she wanted out of life.
D ．To encourage readers to write stories about their own experiences.
19 ．What would be a good online search for this question: How did Alcott’s family influence her writing
A ．Modern Women Writers B ．Putting Together Life and Writing: Alcott
C ．Novels and Movies: Little Women D ．The Complete Works of Louisa May Alcott
（2023·广东广州 ·广州市真光中学校考二模）
“Did you see that ” Joe said to his friend Bill.
“You’re a great shooter!”
Bill caught the basketball and bounced it before throwing it again. The ball flew into the net.
“Bill, you never miss!” Joe said admiringly.
“Unless I’m in a real game,” Bill complained. “Then I miss all the time.”
Joe knew that Bill was right. Bill performed much better when he was having fun with Joe in the school yard
than he did when he was playing for the school team in front of a large crowd.
“Maybe you just need to train more,” Joe suggested.
“But I train all the time with you!” Bill disagreed. He shook his head, “Ijust can’t play well when people are
watching me.”
“You play well when I’m watching,” Joe pointed out.
“That’sbecause I’ve known you since we were five years old,” Bill said with a smile. “I’m just not comfortable
playing when other people are around.”
Joe nodded and understood, but he also had an idea.
The next day Joe and Bill met in the school yard again for training. After a few minutes, Joe excused himself.
“Train without me,” Joe said to his friend. “I’ll be back in a minute.”
Joe hurried through the school building, gathering together whomever he could find—two students, a maths
teacher, two secretaries, and a guard. When Joe explained why he needed them, everyone was happy to help.
Joe reminded the group to stay quiet as they all went toward the school’s basketball court. As Joe had hoped,
Bill was still training himself. He made five baskets in a row without noticing the silent people standing behind him.
“Hey, Bill!” Joe called out finally.
Bill turned. A look of surprise came over his face.
“I just wanted to show you that you could play well with people watching you,” Joe said. “Now you’ll have
nothing to worry about for the next game!”
20 ．What made Bill unhappy
A ．Joe watched him too closely when he played.
B ．He always missed his ball when playing with Joe.
C ．He was worried about being laughed at by his classmates.
D ．He played better in training than he does during games.
21 ．Why did Joe decide to gather a group of people
A ．Because he wanted to show them his talent. B ．Because he wanted more players for his team.
C ．Because he wanted to help Bill feel less nervous. D ．Because he wanted more people to see the next
game.
22 ．Which of the following best describes Joe
A ．Nervous but polite. B ．Worried but energetic.
C ．Helpful and friendly. D ．Funny and easy-going.
23 ．What would be the best title for the story
A ．Bill’s Basketball Problem B ．No Pains, No Gains
C ．Bill Wins the Big Game D ．Two Basketball Lovers
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模）Which is your favorite museum You can send letters to us and share it with
others. Here are some readers’ letters about their favorite museums.
Tullie House, Carlisle “My two sons love it. We go there every few weeks and they are always very happy. My older son especially enjoys the Roman part. where he can learn a lot about Roman history. The restaurant there also provides a good choice of food for grown-ups and kids, ” Lindsey Bradley said.
Bo’ness and Kinneil Railway Museum “It has the largest collection of railway memorabilia (纪念展品) in Scotland and is a great hit with my five- year-old grandson. He loves getting on and touching all the railway engines and carriages. It is a dream playground for any little boy. A visit with a journey on the steam train is a perfect day out for any family,” Ronald Dingwall said.
The Collection Museum, Lincoln “The play area at The Collection is an exciting free activity centre for younger visitors, encouraging learning through play. You can create a work of art to take home or hang on our masterpiece wall. Not only does my four- year-old son love the play area and the interesting games there, but he is also attracted by the helmets (头盔) and swords on show. When he grows up he wants to be a knight (骑士)!” Angela Driver said.
Chertsey Museum “Every month they hold a Friday morning game called Museum Monkeys for children under the age of five. There, the children can do singing, handicraft activities and go on a treasure hunt (寻宝游戏), followed by a story. I take my daughter to this game every month. She loves it,” Chloe Mayes said.
24 ．Which museum provides special food for children
A ．Chertsey Museum. B ．Tullie House, Carlisle.
C ．The Collection Museum, Lincoln. D ．Boness and Kinneil Railway Museum.
25 ．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A ．Chertsey Museum is a wonderful place for little boys.
B ．You can create a work of art in Tullie House, Carlisle.
C ．Children can paint or play creative games in the Collection Museum, Lincoln.
D ．Children can play Museum Monkeys game in the Bo’ness and Kinneil Railway Museum.
26 ．What is the purpose of this text
A ．To call on people to protect museums.
B ．To call on people to visit museums
C ．To give advice to parents on taking their children out.
D ．To encourage people to share their favorite museums.
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模）Yao Ming was born in Shanghai in 1980. At 229 centimeters, he was the third tallest player in NBA history. Yao made his first appearance in the NBA during the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He surprised many critics with his first games, and was fast becoming an international fan favorite, as he broke Michael Jordan’s record for votes (投票) received. In July 2011 Yao announced his retirement from the NBA due to frequent
problems in his left foot.
He continuously works to raise awareness of endangered species and even went as far as to stop using shark fin soup at his wedding in 2007. Yao has been saying no to shark fin soup since 2006 when he was appointed Goodwill Ambassador (亲善大使) for wildlife protection. “Sharks are friends of human beings. They are not our food.” Since his retirement he has become a surprise international force in the field of wildlife protection, and he is using his fame
to tell us the difficulties faced by sharks.
Most recently he went to Houston Zoo, as part of his continuing effort to educate young people about the importance of wildlife protection. He is part of a large campaign (运动) by the wildlife protection charity WildAid, and has traveled through Africa to see and document the difficulties facing elephants and rhinos in the wild. With elephant and rhinoceros poaching (偷猎) on the rise, Yao also said, “When the buying stops, the killing can too. Get
rid of the demand for rhino horn and ivory right at the source. That’s what I want to do.”
Although Yao is not the first Chinese player in the NBA, it could be argued that he is the most important one, not just for his taking part in charity and wildlife protection work. He built a bridge between two completely different
worlds and introduced millions to the Chinese way of life, and the American lifestyle separately.
27 ．The first paragraph mainly tells us .
A ．the history of MBA B ．how high Yao Ming is
C ．the life of Michael Jordan D ．Yao Ming’s basketball life
28 ．Why did Yao Ming stop using shark fin soup at his wedding
A ．Because he wants to set a good example.
B ．Because shark fin soup is not food.
C ．Because sharks are not endangered species
D ．Because shark fin soup is too expensive for him.
29 ．What do we know about what Yao Ming said in the Paragraph 3
A ．The demand for wildlife leads to killing.
B ．He wants to appeal to others to stop illegal selling.
C ．WildAid plays an important role in wildlife protection.
D ．Young people make a difference in wildlife protection.
30 ．What is the best title for this passage
A ．The first Chinese player in the NBA
B ．A super basketball star — Yao Ming
C ．Yao Ming and his wildlife protection
D ．When the buying stops, the killing can too
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模）Last week I was in the boarding area of the airport, very excited about my trip home to see my parents. I had many plans for the weekend. But my daydream was interrupted by an elderly woman talking loudly into her cellphone. She kept asking the person to meet her where she was and was repeating the gate
number into the phone. With each repeat she got a little louder. All the people around were trying to avoid laughing.
Then I heard her say, “I’m sorry, I can’t hear you. There seems to be something wrong with my hearing aid.” As I waited for my turn to board, I noticed her tone was becoming increasingly frantic ( 狂躁 的) as she tried to
understand the person on the other end of the phone.
It was almost my turn to board. I couldn’t stop looking back at the woman. It made me think how lucky I was
to have my hearing. Then I realised I could do something to help her.
I walked over to the woman and shouted, “Let me help you hear. I’ll tell you what the person is saying.” The
doubt that flickered (闪烁) across her face was quickly replaced with understanding, then relief (欣慰).
I took the phone from her, listened for a moment, and then told the woman that her husband was waiting for her
in the baggage area as he could not enter the gate area. Then I pointed her in the right direction.
It took me less than two minutes to help the woman, but my pride in having been able to help her remains strong.
31 ．When the author met the woman, he was .
A ．having a rest on the plane
B ．waiting for someone in the airport
C ．on a trip to visit his family
D ．calling his family on the phone
32 ．The woman spoke loudly and repeatedly on her cellphone because .
A ．there was too much noise in the airport
B ．she didn’t have good hearing
C ．she wasn’t wearing her hearing aid
D ．the person on the other end of the phone spoke in a low voice
33 ．When the author offered to help the woman, her first reaction was .
A．joy B ．thanks C ．doubt D ．anger
34 ．What can we learn from this passage
A ．The people around were angry at the woman’s loud voice.
B ．The author became angry because his daydream was interrupted.
C ．The woman was going to spend her holiday with her husband.
D ．The woman and her husband were probably separated in the crowd.
（2023·广 东广州 · 统考 一模 ）Michael Morgan was six years old when his father moved a neighbor’s unwanted piano into their living room. “And that’s really where the whole thing started,” he says. “My mother and grandmother had played the piano a little bit, but my father just thought it was a good thing to have in the house.” Young Michael started piano lessons, but it was when he saw a conductor （指 挥 ） leading an orchestra on
television that he realized what he really wanted to do.
At age eight, he began reading The Joy of Music by conductor and composer（作曲家） Leonard Bemstein and
got to know how to direct with a baton（指挥棒） .
When Michael entered junior high, he joined an orchestra and band and learned to play many instruments. He was just 12 years old when his instructor asked him to compose and conduct a concert piece. And that was only the beginning. Throughout high school, he continued to develop his artistic talent, and after graduating, he headed to
Oberlin Conservatory of Music.
Morgan is dedicated （致力于 ）to offering kids a chance to explore classical music. In his hometown of
Oakland, California, he started to volunteer in local schools, conducting student orchestras and talking with kids
about music. Later, Morgan developed MUSE (Music for Excellence), a music education program for kids.
He brings musicians from Oakland Symphony into classrooms to teach kids. He also works with teachers in
after-school programs to teach students who can’t afford lessons.
Morgan says his work is mostly about providing young people with an entrance into music. “Instruments are a
way for kids to express their feelings, and give them an interest they can carry with them through life,” he says.
35 ．Why did Michael’s father move a piano into their house
A ．It was a gift from their neighbor.
B ．It was his mother and wife’s favorite.
C ．He just wanted to have one in the house.
D ．He wanted to give Michael piano lessons.
36 ．In what order did the following happen in Morgan’s life
a. He developed a music education program.
b. He joined an orchestra and band.
c. He began to learn how to conduct.
d. He began his piano lessons.
e. He studied at Oberlin Conservatory of Music.
A ．d→c→a→b→eB ．d→c→b→e→a C ．c→d→b→a→e D ．c→d→e→b→a
37 ．What can kids do by attending MUSE
A ．Receive music education. B ．Join Oakland Symphony.
C ．Get the chance of entering college. D ．Become world-class musicians.
38 ．How does the writer develop the passage
A ．By giving examples. B ．By expressing opinions.
C ．By making comparisons. D ．By following time order.
（2023·广东广州 · 统考一模）There was once a bat. For him, going out and hunting insects was a terrible amount of effort. He was a lover of comfort. One day, when he happened to look through a window, he saw a bird in its cage. He saw that the bird was given all its food and water without having to do anything at all. So, the bat decided
to become a child’s pet.
The bat decided to improve his appearance to attract children’s attention. He made a beak（乌喙）, stuck a
load of feathers to his body, and learned how to whistle so that his bat calls weren’t quite as horrible as before. And with great good fortune, he met a little boy who did not wear his glasses. He was so short-sighted that this strange-
looking black little bird’s ridiculous（可笑的） appearance didn’t really matter.
The bat was happy in his cage, in a warm and comfortable house. But that feeling lasted only up to the time he started feeling hungry. When he wanted to eat there were no flies or insects for him, only a load of birdseed and
cereal（谷物） , which the bat didn’t like. He was determined to die of hunger rather than sample that bird food.
Some days later, the bat-bird managed to escape from the cage and return home. He was so ashamed and embarrassed that he decided not to tell anyone what had happened. However, he couldn’t stop the other bats from commenting（评论）on how much effort he now made when they were out hunting flies, how strong and tough he
had become, and how he no longer seemed to worry about the discomforts of living in freedom.
39 ．Why did the bat want to become a pet bird
A ．He liked to play with children.
B ．He wanted to whistle like a bird.
C ．He thought a pet bird lived a comfortable life.
D ．He thought that a pet bird’s food was delicious.
40 ．What did the bat do to become a pet bird
① Made a beak.
② Stuck lots of feathers.
③Learned to whistle.
④ Made friends with pet birds.
A.②③④ B.①②③ C.①③④ D.①②④
41 ．The underlined word “He” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A ．The boy B ．The bird C ．The bat D ．The cage
42 ．After the bat returned home, he .
A ．became weaker B ．got tired of his free life
C ．worried about difficulties in life D ．made a great effort while hunting
（2023·广东广州 · 统考二模） “No! But it’s unfair!” I cried out.
“From now on, no football match tickets,” Dad explained. I rushed out of my room, without turning back. When
I entered the sitting room, I saw Hans, one of my father’s good friends. Beside him was a large dog. He walked up
to me and said, “I heard you wanted some tickets.”
“Who is he ” I asked, very frightened.
“This is my dog Lucky,” he replied. “Shall we make a deal I will give you football match tickets if you can
help me watch Lucky for two hours.”
I froze with fear. I really wanted the football tickets, but Lucky was another story. First, he had a big head, big teeth and the fur of a cow. What’s worse, his saliva dropped from his mouth from time to time, which made the room
dirty and wet. But after some careful thought I agreed.
After Hans left, I tried to introduce myself to Lucky. I walked up to him, but he started to bark like thunder. Soon he sprang at me, but I was faster. I ran into my dad’s closet, using every bit of the energy I had. I could hear him right behind me. Suddenly I remembered some belts in the closet. Taking the belts, I made a giant dog collar. And right when he jumped into the closet, I put the collar around his neck, pulling him with strength so that he
couldn’t run away. Then I tied him to the door, waiting until he stopped trying to attack me.
After some time, Lucky calmed down, so I tried to introduce myself again. This time, he moved nowhere, and I felt encouraged. I carefully walked up to Lucky and patted him on his back. He sat down, and I thoughthe was getting used to me. I untied his collar, took him downstairs, and found him a snack. I took out a handful of dog food. He ate
it, licked my hand and waved his tail.
As Lucky and I were playing ball games, Hans appeared. “You did it!”
“Yeah, I really did it!” I replied with joy.
“Here are the tickets!” he said.
43 ．What did the writer do to get football tickets
A ．Be polite to his father. B ．Tell the story of Lucky.
C ．Look after Lucky for some time. D ．Make friends with Hans.
44 ．Which is the correct order of the following events
a. I got on well with Lucky.
b. I tied Lucky with a dog collar.
c. I made a deal with Hans.
d. I was attacked by Lucky.
e. I first met Lucky in the sitting room.
f. I found some belts in the closet.
A ．e-c-d-f-b-a B ．e-d-f-b-a-c C ．c-e-d-f-b-a D ．c-f-e-d-b-a
45 ．What does the underlined word “sprang” mean in paragraph 6
A ．looked angrily B ．barked noisily C．jumped quickly D ．knocked heavily
46 ．What can we learn from the story
A ．Curiosity kills the cat. B ．Every dog has its day.
C ．Every life is worthy of respect. D ．Nothing is difficult for a willing heart.
（2023·广东广州 · 统考一模）
Marie was born in Poland on November 7, 1867.
Marie’s family had many troubles. Her mother was seriously ill. When Marie was 6, her father lost his job and
their home. They moved to a small flat. It was noisy and crowded. But the noise did not stop her from studying.
In 1883, Marie finished high school. She dreamed of becoming a scientist. But in Poland, girls were not allowed
to go to college. And her family did not have enough money to send her to a university in another country.
Reaching her dream seemed impossible.
Marie and her sister Bronya decided to study in France. Marie would work to pay for Bronya’s schooling. Then,
once Bronya left school, she would work and pay for Marie’s schooling.
Finally, in 1891, Marie’s dream came true. She entered a university in Paris. In three years, she got advanced
degrees in Physics and Maths. She also met a scientist named Pierre Curie and they married in 1895.
Marie studied a metal element called uranium. She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave off
unseeable rays of energy. She wondered where the rays came from.
Marie began testing rocks to find out if other elements gave offrays, too. Marie concluded two elements（元
素） found in the rocks were radioactive. They were thorium and uranium.
She called the energy “radioactivity”. Marie’s experiments were so exciting that she and Pierre soon began
working together. One day, Marie began testing a blackrock. Marie discovered a new element in the rock. She named it “polonium”. After Marie took away the polonium, the rock was still radioactive. She knew another radioactive
element was inside the rock. She called it “radium” .
In 1903, Marie and Pierre received the Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie was the first woman to receive a Nobel
Prize. In 1911, Marie accepted the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes.
Yet the work made her sick. On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died of a blood disease that maybe caused by radiation.
Marie’s discoveries helped save millions of lives and changed the scientific world. Radiation has been used to
treat cancer. Her ideas about the atom helped lead to the discovery of nuclear energy.
47 ．What happened to Marie
A ．She was born in a rich family in Poland.
B ．She received the Noble Prizes in Physics and Maths.
C ．She discovered the two new elements were radioactive.
D ．She went to university in France because she loved France.
48 ．What caused Marie to study uranium
A ．The experiment was very exciting.
B ．The scientists knew nothing about uranium.
C ．She wanted to know where the rays came from.
D ．She wanted to work together with her husband.
49 ．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 9 mean
A ．The black rock. B ．The energy. C ．The experiment. D ．The new element.
50 ．What’s the purpose of the passage
A ．To introduce Marie’s life. B ．To introduce Marie’s dream.
C ．To introduce the Nobel Prize. D ．To introduce polonium and radium.
（2023·广东广州 · 统考一模）
Miss Martha kept a little cake shop. Two or three times a week a customer came in who she began taking an interest in. He was a middle-aged man. His clothes were worn but he looked neat, and had very good manners. He
always bought two loaves of stale bread. Never did he call for anything but stale bread.
Once Miss Martha saw a red and brown mark on his fingers. She was sure that he was a very poor artist.
She wanted to add something good to eat to his stale bread, but her courage failed at the act. She knew the pride
of artists.
One day the customer came as usual, laid his coins on the showcase, and called for his stale bread. While Miss Martha was reaching for them, a fire-engine came lumbering past. The customer hurried to the door to look. Suddenly
inspired, Miss Martha took the chance.
On the bottom shelf was a pound of fresh butter. With a bread knife Miss Martha made a deep cut in each of the stale loaves, put in a lot of butter, and pressed the loaves tight again. When the customer came again, she was tying
the paper around them. When he had gone, Miss Martha smiled, not without a slight beating fast of the heart.
For a long time that day she imagined the scene when he discovered her little kind trick.
Suddenly the front doorbell jangled viciously. Miss Martha felt a little scared and hurried to the front. A young
man and her artist were there. His face was very red, his hat was on the back of his head, and his hair was in a mess.
“Silly!” he shouted loudly. “You have destroyed me!” He held his two fists and shook them angrily at Miss
Martha.
“Come on,” the young man said, “you’ve said enough.” He pulled the angry one out, and then came back. “He’s an architectural draftsman,” he said. “He’s been working hard for three months drawing a plan for a new city hall. It
was a prize competition. He finished inking the lines yesterday. You know, a draftsman always makes his drawing
in pencil first. When it’s done, he rubs out the pencil lines with stale bread. That’s better than erasers. Well, today —
well, you know, that butter isn’t — well, his plan isn’t good for anything now.”
51 ．Why did Miss Martha put fresh butter in the stale bread
A ．Because she wanted to help the man.
B ．Because she wanted to make more money.
C ．Because she wanted to make fun of the man.
D ．Because she wanted to stop the man from winning the competition.
52 ．What do the underlined words “jangled viciously” in paragraph 7 mean
A ．Rang gently. B ．Rang noisily. C ．Rang politely. D ．Rang nicely.
53 ．What caused the middle-aged man to shout at Miss Martha
A ．Miss Martha hurt his pride.
B ．He was too poor to buy anything but stale bread.
C ．The butter Miss Martha gave him was not fresh.
D ．The butter destroyed his drawing for the competition.
54 ．What can we learn from the story
A ．Don’t help the artists.
B ．Don’t put butter into the stale bread.
C ．Help others at once when they’re in trouble.
D ．Understand the real needs of others before helping them.
参考答案：
1 ．B 2 ．C 3 ．D 4 ．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了陶行知与他的教育生活。
1 ．细节理解题。根据“Tao was born in Anhui province, China, in 1891. Later he studied abroad for educational philosophy.”可知，陶行知曾留学国外学习教育哲学；根据“When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator,”可知，他回到中国，开始了自己的教育事业；根据“After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921…”可知，他在中国不同的地方做了调查；根据“To deal with the shortage...train
teachers and educators…”可知，他建立大学来培养教师和教育工作者；根据“he started the ‘Little Teacher’
movement...even to those older than themselves.”可知，他号召年轻学生成为有需要的人的老师，因此正确的
顺序是 b-e-a-c-d。故选 B。
2 ．词义猜测题。根据“Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write.”可知，他发现在中国超过 70%的城市居民不知道如何读书写字，因此“mass
education”主要是为普通人的教育。故选 C。
3 ．细节理解题。根据“In January 1934, he started the ‘Little Teacher’ movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves.”（1934 年 1 月，他发起了“小教 师”运动，鼓励年轻学生为他人，甚至比自己年长的人担任教师。）可知，陶行知要求年轻学生在运动中教
导其他人。故选 D。
4 ．主旨大意题。根据“Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul.”并结合全文可知，本文
主要介绍了陶行知与他的教育生活。故选 A。
5 ．D 6 ．B 7 ．C 8 ．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者妈妈的一生，无论是年轻时照顾四个子女，还是退休后照顾作者的孩子们，
她总是花时间与作者他们在一起。
5 ．推理判断题。根据“Raising four kids on her own was her full time job, but she also had to work outside the
home to make money. Surprisingly, she always seemed to find extra time to stay with us.”可知，作者成长在一个
不富裕但是幸福的家庭中，故选 D。
6 ．细节理解题。根据“When she came to live with us after her retirement (退休), my mom gave the gift of time
to my children, too. They would ask their grandma if she would play with them. By then my mom had health
problems, but she would always nod and sit down and read to them or tell them stories.” （当她退休后来和我们住 在一起时，我妈妈也把时间作为礼物给了我的孩子们。他们会问奶奶是否愿意和他们一起玩。那时候我妈 妈的健康出了问题，但她总是会点头，坐下来给他们读书或讲故事。）可知，退休后，作者的母亲和作者
的孩子们玩得很开心。故选 B。
7 ．推理判断题。根据“She gave us the gift of time again and again”（她一次又一次地给我们时间作为礼物）
和“we would talk about the past, the dream of the future, and just enjoy being with each other. My mom would
listen as I talked. I would look at her and ask her if she minded me taking up so much of her free time.” （我们会谈 论过去，未来的梦想，只是享受彼此的陪伴。我妈妈会听我说话。我会看着她，问她是否介意我占用她这
么多的空闲时间）可知，作者的妈妈关心人而且很有耐心，故选 C。
8 ．最佳标题题。根据“I will always remember those wonderful words and the loving heart behind them. It is a
gift my mom gives to me. Whatever happened, she always spent time with me.” 以及“She gave us the gift of time again and again.”可知，本文主要介绍了作者妈妈的一生，无论是年轻时照顾四个子女，还是退休后照顾作
者的孩子们，她总是花时间与作者他们在一起，所以 D 选项“妈妈的时间礼物”符合，故选 D。
9 ．C 10 ．D 11 ．A 12 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，文章讲述了狮子和王子之间的友情故事。
9 ．细节理解题。根据“No, it’s not because of his claws. I trust the lion will not hurt me. The reason he’s in the cage is because I’m afraid that if I were to let him out, he’d see how wonderful it is to be free, and he would leave me. I couldn’t stand that.”可知，王子之所以把狮子关在笼子里是因为担心如果让狮子出去，它会看到自由
是多么美妙，狮子会离开王子。故选 C。
10 ．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly, the lion jumped out of his cage and grabbed the hyena in his powerful claws. The hyena escaped and ran off, never to be seen again.”可知，狮子从笼子里跳了出来，用他有力的爪子抓住了
鬣狗。鬣狗逃跑了，再也没有人看见它。故选 D。
11 ．推理判断题。根据“My prince, my cage was never locked. I have always stayed here because we are friends.” 可知，狮子的笼子从来没有锁过，但它一直呆在这里，因为它和王子是朋友，所以王子会明白没有信任的
友谊不是真正的友谊，故选 A。
12 ．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了狮子和王子之间的友情故事。选项 C“狮子与王子”符合题
意，故选 C。
13 ．D 14 ．A 15 ．B
【导语】本文节选自《绿野仙踪》，讲述了小女孩多萝西生活的房子被龙卷风卷到空中的故事。
13 ．推理判断题。根据“They worked hard all day and never smiled.”可知，亨利叔叔工作很努力，但从来不
苟言笑，可知他是一个勤奋但严肃的人。故选 D。
14 ．词句猜测题。根据“Toto jumped out of Dorothy’s arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get it.” 可知，托托从多萝西的怀里跳了出来，躲在床下，女孩开始抓住它。因此代词 it 应是指小狗 Toto。故选
A。
15 ．推理判断题。根据“The house whirled around and rose slowly through the air. Dorothy felt as if she were
going up in a balloon.”可知，房子旋转着，在空中慢慢升起。多萝西觉得自己好像要乘气球上去似的。因此
可推断接下来多萝西可能会被风带到一个新的地方。故选 B。
16 ．A 17 ．D 18 ．C 19 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国作家奥尔科特的写作生涯。
16 ．细节理解题。根据“She would think up wonderful stories that she turned into plays. Alcott and her sisters
acted out the dramas.”可知，她会想出精彩的故事，然后把这些故事变成戏剧，奥尔科特和她的姐妹们来表
演。由此可知表演的就是戏剧，所以“变成戏剧”这几个词帮助读者理解“dramas”的含义。故选 A。
17 ．细节理解题。按照时间顺序： “When she was very young, she loved to write. She would think up wonderful
stories that she turned into plays.”对应 c 项； “At age fifteen,...She took care of babies, she taught, and she washed
laundry for other people.”对应 d 项； “During the Civil War, Alcott volunteered to work as a nurse. She wrote about this work in her book Hospital Sketches.”对应 b 项； “It was then, in 1868, that she wrote what was to
become her most popular book, Little Women.”对应 a 项。故选 D。
18 ．推理判断题。根据“She knew what she wanted to do with her life and she did it!”可知，她知道自己想用自
己的生命做什么，她做到了！作者通过这一段想告诉读者奥尔科特坚持不懈地写作，坚持自己想做的事
情，最后成功了。故选 C。
19 ．推理判断题。根据“She wrote from her own life experiences and from her imagination.” ，“When her
publisher asked her to write a book for girls. Alcott turned to her own life.”和“It tells the story of four sisters
growing up. The family is very similar to the Alcotts. The book’s main character, Jo, is based on Alcott herself.
Like Alcott, Jo is a determined young woman with a mind of her own.”可知，奥尔科特将自己的生活经历带入
写作中，故选 B。
20 ．D 21 ．C 22 ．C 23 ．A
【导语】本文主要是 Joe 帮助朋友 Bill 克服有人在观看他打篮球时，影响发挥的问题。
20 ．细节理解题。根据“‘Unless I’m in a real game,’ Bill complained. ‘Then I miss all the time.’”可知， Bill 不开
心是因为在比赛时他总是不能投进，而平时练习时能投进。故选 D。
21 ．细节理解题。根据“Now you’ll have nothing to worry about for the next game!”可知， Joe 让人们聚在一起
看 Bill 打球是让他不担心下一次的比赛，即适应下人们观看他比赛的情况，减少紧张感。故选 C。
22 ．推理判断题。根据文章可知， Joe 帮助朋友 Bill 克服有人在观看他打篮球时，影响发挥的问题，所以
他是乐于助人的，所以 C 选项符合，故选 C。
23 ．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 Bill 在打篮球时遇到的问题，故选 A。
24 ．B 25 ．C 26 ．D
【导语】本文介绍了一些人们最喜欢的博物馆。
24 ．细节理解题。根据 Tullie House, Carlisle 中“The restaurant there also provides a good choice of food for
grown-ups and kids,”可知， Tullie House, Carlisle 为孩子提供特殊的食物，故选 B。
25 ．细节理解题。根据“You can create a work of art to take home or hang on our masterpiece wall. Not only
does my four-year-old son love the play area and the interesting games there, but he is also attracted by the helmets (头盔) and swords on show. When he grows up he wants to be a knight (骑士)!”可知，孩子们可以在林肯收藏博
物馆里画画或玩创意游戏。故选 C。
26 ．推理判断题。根据“Which is your favorite museum You can send letters to us and share it with others. Here are some readers letters about their favorite museums.” （你最喜欢哪个博物馆？你可以写信给我们，并与他人 分享。以下是一些读者来信，介绍他们最喜欢的博物馆。）可知，作者写这篇文章鼓励人们分享他们最喜
欢的博物馆。故选 D。
27 ．D 28 ．A 29 ．B 30 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了篮球明星——姚明的篮球人生，以及为野生动物保护做出的努
力。
27 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，本段主要介绍了姚明在 NBA 的相关事件，即姚明的篮球人生。
故选 D。
28 ．细节理解题。根据“Yao has been saying no to shark fin soup since 2006 when he was appointed Goodwill Ambassador (亲善大使) for wildlife protection. ”可知，姚明自在 2006 年成为野生动物亲善大使后，就对鱼
翅说不，亲善大使就是人们的榜样，因此对鱼翅说不，就是榜样的作用。故选 A。
29 ．细节理解题。根据“With elephant and rhinoceros poaching (偷猎) on the rise”和“When the buying stops, the killing can too. Get rid of the demand for rhino horn and ivory right at the source. That’s what I want to do”可知， 没有伤害就没有买卖，阻止偷猎行为，从自己做起，就是不买相关的产品，因此姚明想呼吁其他人停止非
法销售。故选 B。
30 ．标题归纳题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要介绍了篮球明星——姚明的篮球人生，以及为野生动物保
护做出的努力。故选 C。
31 ．C 32 ．B 33 ．C 34 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在机场登机区遇到一个听力不好的妇人，作者在即将登机的
时候，帮助妇人 ，自己感到非常愉悦。
31 ．细节理解题。根据“Last week I was in the boarding area of the airport, very excited about my trip home to
see my parents.”可知，上周我是在机场，在回家看父母的路上。故选 C。
32 ．细节理解题。根据“Then I heard her say, ‘I’m sorry, I can’t hear you. There seems to be something wrong
with my hearing aid.’ ”可知，我听见她说，我听不见你，我的助听器有点问题，因此这个妇人大声说话是因
为听不清。故选 B。
33 ．细节理解题。根据“The doubt that flickered (闪烁) across her face was quickly replaced with understanding,
then relief (欣慰).”可知， 一开始闪烁在她的脸上的是疑惑。故选 C。
34 ．细节理解题。根据“then told the woman that her husband was waiting for her in the baggage area as he could
not enter the gate area. ”可知，电话那边是妇人的丈夫，丈夫告诉妇人他在行李处等她，故事发生在机场，
丈夫在行李处，妇人在登机区，两个人应是在机场走失了。故选 D。
35 ．C 36 ．B 37 ．A 38 ．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了 Michael Morgan 的个人经历及他帮助孩子们学习乐器的故事。
35 ．细节理解题。根据“my father just thought it was a good thing to have in the house.”可知，他的父亲只是想
有一个在家里面。故选 C。
36 ．细节理解题。根据“six years old: Young Michael started piano lessons”“At age eight: how to direct with a baton”“junior high: he joined an orchestra and band and learned to play many instruments.”可知，是先学习钢
琴，然后学习指挥，接下来加入了乐队。故选 B。
37 ．细节理解题。根据“Later, Morgan developed MUSE (Music for Excellence), a music education program for
kids.”可知，参加 MUSE 的孩子可以获得音乐方面的教育。故选 A。
38 ．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章是按时间顺序介绍了 Michael Morgan 的经历。故选 D。
39 ．C 40 ．B 41 ．A 42 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一只蝙蝠想要成为宠物不劳而获，结果实现以后发现自己并
不喜欢并逃出来努力捕猎的故事。
39 ．细节理解题。根据“He was a lover of comfort. One day, when he happened to look through a window, he
saw a bird in its cage. He saw that the bird was given all its food and water without having to do anything at all.”可
知，它喜欢舒服的生活，看到鸟儿什么都不用做就能有食物和水，它也想做宠物。故选 C。
40 ．细节理解题。根据“He made a beak（乌喙） , stuck a load of feathers to his body, and learned how to
whistle so that his bat calls weren't quite as horrible as before”可知，蝙蝠做了一个乌喙，身体填满羽毛并学习
鸟叫。故选 B。
41 ．词义猜测题。根据“he met a little boy who did not wear his glasses.”可知，蝙蝠遇见了一个没戴眼镜的小
男孩，此处指代小男孩。故选 A。
42 ．细节理解题。根据“ He was so ashamed and embarrassed that he decided not to tell anyone what had
happened. However, he couldn't stop the other bats from commenting（评论） on how much effort he now made
when they were out hunting flies”可知，蝙蝠在逃出来以后，努力外出捕蝇。故选 D。
43 ．C 44 ．A 45 ．C 46 ．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过照顾大狗而获得足球门票的故事。
43 ．细节理解题。根据“Shall we make a deal I will give you football match tickets if you can help me watch
Lucky for two hours”可知，作者照顾 Lucky 一段时间得到的足球票。故选 C。
44 ．细节理解题。根据“When I entered the sitting room, I saw Hans, one of my father’s good friends. Beside him
was a large dog.”可知，最开始是作者第一次在客厅里见到 Lucky；根据“Shall we make a deal I will give you football match tickets if you can help me watch Lucky for two hours”可知，其次作者和 Hans 做了一个交易；根
据“I walked up to him, but he started to bark like thunder. Soon he sprang at me, but I was faster. I ran into my
dad’s closet, using every bit of the energy I had.”可知，之后是作者被 Lucky 袭击了。结合选项可知， A 选项
符合，故选 A。
45 ．词义猜测题。根据“I walked up to him, but he started to bark like thunder”可知， Lucky 向作者打雷一样吠
叫，结合“but I was faster. I ran into my dad’s closet”可知，作者开始跑了，说明狗向作者扑来， C 选项符
合，故选 C。
46 ．推理判断题。根据“‘Yeah, I really did it!’ I replied with joy.”可知，作者最后成功了，狗不再对他凶了，
结合作者的行为过程可知，我们可以从这个故事中学到：世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选 D。
47 ．C 48 ．C 49 ．D 50 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了居里夫人的一生，包括她的出生，家庭情况，求学经历，婚
姻情况，在物理和化学领域的成就及影响等。
47 ．细节理解题。根据第八段“Marie concluded two elements（元素） found in the rocks were radioactive. They
were thorium and uranium.”可知她发现钍和铀这两种元素都是发射性的。故选 C。
48 ．细节理解题。根据第七段“She wanted to study uranium because scientists knew it gave offunseeable rays of
energy. She wondered where the rays came from.”可知研究铀是因为她想知道辐射来自哪里。故选 C。
49 ．词义猜测题。根据“One day, Marie began testing a black rock. Marie discovered a new element in the rock.
She named it ‘polonium’.”可知此处 it 指的是一种新元素。故选 D。
50 ．推理判断题。全文围绕玛丽 · 居里介绍了她的出生，家庭条件，求学经历，婚姻以及在物理化学领域的
成就和影响，可以推断文章的主要目的应是介绍玛丽 · 居里的一生。故选 A。
51 ．A 52 ．B 53 ．D 54 ．D