2024届高考英语语法 特殊句式 导学案（含答案）

强调句
一、强调句型
1．强调句基本句型：It is／was+被强调的成分+that／who／whom+其他成分．
原句：I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday．
强调主语：It was me/I that／who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday．
强调地点状语：It was at the railway station where I met Li Ming yesterday．
无论被强调的部分是表示地点、还是时间状语时，都不可以用where或者when，只能用that。
It is your ability that really matters / counts instead of what you are. 主谓一致( diligence intelligence confidence honesty, determination persistence )
It is via=through this rewarding activity/event that you can have a good understanding of Chinese culture. Have a deep insight into
It was in the restaurant that I stuffed myself with the delicious/tasty food. 大快朵颐
<注意>：It is／was…that…结构不能强调谓语，其他成分都可以，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do、did或does．
Do be cautious/confident．务必： 祈使句
I do hope you can accept my sincere/heartfelt /hearty apology/invitation. 的确 ：陈述句
I do hope you can enjoy your stay here.
I do hope you can take my suggestions into consideration=account .
=it is hoped that = hopefully
2. 强调句型最大特点： 去掉It is／was…that结构不会对句子的完整性造成影响
It was 6 o’clock sharp_________ we arrived there.
It was at 6 o’clock sharp _________ ………………..
It is apparent that he is particular about food.
动词时态:It was…，It is… ,无其他时态。
4. 对“…not…until…”这一结构进行强调时，一般使用“It is(was)not until…..+ that…肯定句”
I didn’t go home until the rain stopped直到雨停了我才回家。
强调为：It was not until the rain stopped that I went home． Comment by Administrator:
Not until the rain stopped __did___I go home
5．强调句的Was it you that met L一般疑问句型：Is／Was+it+所强调的成分+that／who／whom…
Was it ten years ago _____ his father passed away
6．强调句的特殊疑问句型：疑问词+is／was+it+that…
Why was it______ you cried
When will you take your final exam
When is it that you will set off for your homeland
I wonder when it is that you ……………………. 宾语从句
7. 强调句型容易与主语从句、同位语从句和定语从句混用
It is quite clear/evident/ obvious/ apparent that we need more practice．
It was on the farm _________he spent his childhood _________he learned how to grow vegetables．
度过spend some time in sp.
It was in 1972 _________he spent in the countryside _________he learned how to grow vegetables．花费
It was the fact _______ his father was ill in the hospital _______ worried him and kept him awake all the night.
8.被强调部分是原因状语从句，只能用because。
Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl
What is it _____ his daughter needs most
It was very_______( careful) that little Jim wrote the letter.
It was in the small house _____ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood. _
倒装
倒装 完全倒装: 谓语动词全部移到主语的前面
部分倒装(大部分) 助动词或情态动词/系动词放在主语的前面
二、倒装的目的：
1. 语法要求: 疑问句, there be, 祝愿句;
2. 修辞要求: 为了强调;为描写生动;为衔接上下文;
为平衡句子.
三、倒装的类别：
“闹事”（NAO SHI）
（一）N: not。当否定词置于句子开头时，句子要用部分倒装。
否定词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语
常见的放在句首的否定词
绝不by no means At no time under no circumstances
in no case on no consideration=account （in）no way
简直没有barely (bare feet / hill )hardly几乎不scarcely
scar scare scarce
Rarely=seldom很少
little几乎没有；一点也不 few没有多少
At no time should you touch my cellphone.
no sooner had...(than)一……就……
Hardly=scarcely had ….when
not only...but also...
not...until...直到……才……
例2：Hardly does she have time to listen to music.
例3：On no account must you accept any money if he offers it
Under no circumstances ________ we allow drugs to become uncontrolled in our district.
21. (2004辽宁) Maybe you’ve been to many countries, but nowhere else you find such a beautiful palace.
22. (2006重庆)I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means the teacher satisfied with my progress.
23. ( 2010四川)We laugh at jokes, but seldom we think about how they work.
【答案与解析】
19. shall/should。表示否定意义的介词短语Under no circumstances位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是shall/should。
21. can/will。表示否定意义的副词nowhere else位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是can/will。
22. was。表示否定意义的介词短语by no means位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。故答案是was。
23. do。表示否定意义的副词seldom位于句首，后面采用部分倒装；结合语境应用一般现在时。故答案是do。
有几个词是强调两个动作的紧密相接的。
hardly /scarcely had...when...（一……就……）
no sooner had...than... 注意:主句采用部分倒装语序,主句谓语用过去完成时。
As soon as he saw his mother, he burst into tears.
He had hardly seen his mother when he …….
He had no sooner seen his mother than he……、
Hardly had he seen his mother when he ……
Hardly had the result been announced when the crowd applauded.
No sooner had ……………………….than the crowd applauded.
Hardly ______he _______(sit) down when he heard a knock at the door.
【答案与解析】
17. had; gone。no sooner…than…句型位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。注意主句谓语用过去完成时。故答案是had; gone。
18. had; sat。hardly…when…句型位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。注意主句谓语用过去完成时。故答案是had; sat。
2.not only.. .but(also)...（不但……而且……） 位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。
2004上海)Not only _________ they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
25. ( 2009全国)The computer was used in teaching, As a result, not only ________ teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
【答案与解析】
24. did。Not only…but also…表示“不但……而且……“，not only位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。故答案是did。
25. was。Not only…but also…表示“不但……而且……“，not only位于句首且连接两个分句时，前倒后不倒。故答案是was。
not only...but also...如果连接主语，句子不倒装,就近原则。
Not only I but also he is invited.不但我而且安也被邀请了。
3. Not until…表示“直到……才”,位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，until从句不倒装。
I didn’t realize that he was my headteacher until he took off his sunglasses.
Not until he took off his glasses, did I realize that ……….
It was not until he took off his glasses that I realized that……..
16. (2012辽宁)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ______he consider having a holiday abroad.
【答案与解析】
16. did。Not until…表示“直到……才”,位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，until从句不倒装。故答案是did。
（二） A: as。as (尽管) 引导让步状语从句时，As不能放于从句 句首。从句要用前置语序。
1. 要用前置表语、状语、部分谓语(实意动词)。
2. 表语是可数名词单数，省略冠词,
3.其后为正常语序。
4. as =though
5.but 不要
Although/though it was hot, I slept very well.
Hot as(though) it was, I slept very well.
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Convenient as it is to pay by credit card, she isn’t good at it.
Hard though/as they tried, they couldn't make her change her mind.
Much as(though) I like it, I won’t buy it.
Fail as he did, he didn’t lose heart.
Try as he might, Tom could not overcome the difficulty.
8. (2007重庆改编)________ (heavy) as it rained, the football game has been decided not to be put off.
9. (2011全国I改编) Try she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
8. Heavily。as引导让步状语从句时，要把副词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序。故答案是Heavily。
9. as/though。as引导让步状语从句时，要把原形动词提到句首，as后边采用陈述语序;as和though通用。故答案是as/though
（三）. O: only。only修饰状语（短语或状语从句）置于句首时，后面句子要用部分倒装。
Only when you lose it, will you cherish/ treasure/ value it.
Only in this way，can you succeed /make it in the future.
= by this means = with the method
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature, can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
Only when you grow up，will you understand me.
注意：1. only+状语从句, 状语从句的连词 不要省略， only 只是副词。2. only修饰的主语，主谓不倒装。
Only you know my secret．只有你知道我的秘密。
3. (2012天津)Only after Mary read her composition the second time______ she notice the spelling mistake.
【答案与解析】
2. did。Only修饰的介词短语位于句首构成部分倒装；结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是did。
3. did。Only修饰的状语从句位于句首构成部分倒装；结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是did
（四）S:1) 当“so…that..”和“such…that…”结果状语从句结构中的so和such短语位于句首，句子用倒装语序。前倒后不倒
So charming is she that all the boys fall in love with/lose their heart to her.
Such great progress did he make that he could write articles in E.
6. (2009山东) So sudden ________the attack that the enemy had no time to escape. Attract
6. was。so….that…句型位于句首时，主句部分采用倒装语序；根据语境主句缺少谓语，故答案是was
2)so表示“也”的时候，把副词 so 放在句首，表示前面所说的情况，也适合于另一人或物。 肯定句用so, 否定句用neither/ nor 句式如下：
A…… So + be ( have, 助动词或情态动词) + B主语。
A…not …, neither (nor) + be ( have, 助动词或情态动词) +B 主语。
You have been to Wuhan，and so have I．
He can’t play the piano, nor/neither can I.
Tom has breakfast at home，and so does his father．汤姆在家吃早饭，他父亲也是。
A…… , A…not …, so it is with B=It is the same with B
Tom is clever, but he doesn’t study hard, so it is with Mary=It is the same with Mary.
so表示“的确如此”， 不倒装。 用来表示强调，或用来单纯重复上文的意思，则其谓语动词
.A …… , so +A +助动词 (同人不倒装，倒装不同人。)
—You have made great progress.
—So I have. So have you.
12. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for ten years. _____ it is with his aunt.
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（五）. H: 完全倒装情况可以归纳为：地方时间表。
here为首的地点副词here、there，On the wall,，方位副词in、out，off、away、up，时间副词now ,then，和表语前置、
当这些词放在句首时，句子要用全部倒装
注意：1.不能用进行时态，用一般式
Look! Here comes the teacher with the monitor．
2. 在这类句子中，主语如果是代词而不是名词，则主谓不倒装。
Out rushed the boy.
Out he rushed．
Here you are.
At the seaside stood some tall and thick trees with numerous fruits hanging from the branches.
At the meeting of the two rivers lies the big city.
Now comes your turn.
On the wall hang two pictures.
There lay a magazine.
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
28. ( 2010陕西) John opened the door. There __________(stand) a girl he had never seen before.
29. The gun shot and away___________(fly) the birds in all directions.
30. Down __________( jump) the thief from the tenth floor when he heard someone shouted at him.
28. stood。结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是stood。
29. flew。首先这是一个并列句，谓语动词应用一般过去时；然后构成完全倒装句。故答案是flew。
30. jumped。副词down位于句首构成完全倒装句，结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是jumped。
31. For a moment nothing happened. Then (come) voices all shouting together.
31. came。时间副词then位于句首构成完全倒装句。故答案是came。
用作表语的形容词、分词等位于句首，句子采用完全倒装语序。表语前置, 保持句子平衡，以表示强调表语。注意主谓一致。　
Present at the meeting were many major leaders.
Seated on the ground are a group of young men.
Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.
Such 作表语置于句首，意为: 这就是……
Such are the surprising results.
Such is the general, a simple man with great achievements.
6.if 虚拟倒装。当虚拟条件句中有be动词were、助动词had或情态动词should时，可将if省略，将were，had或should置于句首。如果没有助动词就不能倒装。
例1：Had I arrived (= If I had arrived) five minutes earlier, I would have caught the flight.
例2：Should he come (=If he should come) today, tell him to ring me up.
(三)表祝愿。may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意后边谓语用动词原形。
例：Long live our youth.
May you have a happy life！
26. May you _________(success).
27. May you __________(bless) in everything you do.
【答案与解析】
26. succeed。may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意may后边谓语用动词原形。故答案是succeed。
27. be blessed。may位于句首的倒装句多表示祝愿，注意may后边谓语用动词原形。故答案是be blessed。