上海市重点中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试卷(无答案 无听力音频 无听力原文)

上海市闸北第八中学2023 学年度第一学期期中卷（2023.11）
高三英语
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
I. Listening Comprehension （25%）
Section A （10%）
Directions: In Section: A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. He is angry. B. He is exhausted.
C. He is hungry. D. He is disappointed.
2. A. Go over his lessons. B. Attend the party.
C. Eat out with friends. D. Take the final exam.
3. A. She is most likely to be arrested.
B. She has forgotten to call the police.
C. She may have lost her driving license.
D. She is lying to the police officer.
4. A. Bill broke his promise. B. Mum will probably reward Bill.
C. Bill failed in the test. D. Mum is worried about Bill’s work.
5. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Go back to work.
C. Drop out of school. D. Quit her present job.
6. A. She gave him a lift home again.
B. She offered him an extra room.
C. She treated him well at her home.
D. She spared much time for him.
7. A. She doesn’t have time to find a new flat.
B. She has not paid enough rent in advance.
C. She is unlikely to give up the nice flat.
D. She wants to decorate the flat during the holiday.
8. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel insurance.
C. Bungee jumping. D. Diving safety.
9. A. She likes Phillips’ singing very much.
B. She appreciates other kinds of musicals.
C. She enjoys the changes of his musicals.
D. She admires other singers more than Phillips.
10. A. American students are too talkative in class.
B. It is hard to learn a lot in an American school.
C. One can join in schooling in different ways.
D. Active participation is greatly encouraged.
Section B （15%）
Directions: In Section B , you will hear several longer conversation（s） and short passage（s）, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation（s） and the passage（s）. The conversation（s） and the passage（s） will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. One should wait for things to happen before leaving.
B. One should remain silent when things are getting hard.
C. One should try to take control of the difficult situation.
D. One should turn to other people for instant help.
12. A. By motivating himself to take action.
B. By seeking help from his friends.
C. By thinking of the meaning of life.
D. By taking good care of himself.
13. A. Life is not always peaceful and it is full of terrible accidents.
B. Keep a positive attitude and focus on survival whatever happens.
C. Advanced equipment is the essential factor in surviving crises.
D. Be ready to get immediate assistance when lost in the jungle.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. In 1969. B. In 2012. C. In 1976. D. In 2016.
15. A. Suggested creating a university of science and technology in Egypt.
B. Helped many Egyptian scientists to be awarded the Nobel Prize.
C. Developed cooperation with the University of California in the U. S.
D. Provided excellent Egyptian students with more financial support.
16. A. For his relationship with Egyptian President.
B. For his academic performance in technology.
C. For his good service in the Egyptian Army.
D. For his outstanding contributions to Egypt.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. It offers different opinions on old age.
B. It is about how to keep healthy in old age.
C. It investigates the causes of the aging problem.
D. It reveals the secrets of living longer.
18. A. The old are thought to be healthy but lonely.
B. The old are reported to be poor but happy.
C. The old are regarded as an unattractive group.
D. The old are considered dangerous to the society.
19. A. They are easy to fall down with serious illness.
B. They enjoy traveling and getting new experiences.
C. They are difficult to be recognized due to the changes.
D. They have no more mental problems than the middle-aged.
20. A. Raise people’s awareness of caring for the old.
B. Help people take their responsibilities for the old.
C. Change people’s attitude towards the aged group.
D. Ease people’s fear and anxiety about growing old.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （20%）
Section A （10%）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Bob Dylan wins 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature
US music legend Bob Dylan won the Nobel Literature Prize on Thursday, the first songwriter to win the prestigious award in a decision （21）________ surprised prize watchers.
The 75-year-old Dylan —best known for tunes like “Blowin’ in the Wind” and “Like a Rolling Stone”（22）________（honor） “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”, the Swedish Academy said.
The choice was met by gasps and a long round of applause from reporters （23）________（attend）the prize announcement. The folk singer has been mentioned in Nobel speculation in the past few years,（24）________he was never seen as a serious competitor.
“Dylan has the status of （25）________ important symbol. His influence on contemporary music is profound,” the academy wrote in biographical notes about the famously private singer.
The Nobel is the latest award for the singer, who has come a long way from his humble beginnings as Robert Allen Zimmerman, born in 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota, and who taught （26）________ to play the harmonica, guitar and piano.
Initially （27）________（encourage）by the music of folk singer Woody Guthrie, Robert Allen changed his name to Bob Dylan and began performing in local nightclubs.
（28）________dropping out of college, he moved to New York in 1960. His （29）________（early）album contained only two original songs, but the 1963 breakthrough The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan featured a number of his own songs,（30）________（include）the classic Blowin’ in the Wind.
Section B （10%）
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. alert B. classify C. commit D. delicately E. gentle F. impose G. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simply
Let’s say you’ve decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don’t have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 31 at the supermarket. Since you really 32 yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn’t it This is where a “choice architect” can help 33 some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.
Governments don’t have to 34 healthier lifestyles through laws, for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect---one that encourages us to choose what is best---we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with 35 hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.
The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called “traffic light system” to 36 foods as health y or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 37 by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 38 that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 39 and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 40 The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension （45%）
Section A（15%）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common, though normally temporary, 41 of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles. The loss of a significant person in one’s life will typically initiate a（n） 42 response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others.
Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive（破裂的）event, such as moving from one’s home town into 43 communities leading to homesickness. Loneliness can also occur in places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 44 .
There are many different ways used to 45 loneliness. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 46 the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend 47 therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found. Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 48 periodically.
Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy. Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can 49 feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 50 with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, such as lowered blood pressure. In addition, some other alternative approaches may include exercise, dieting, etc, which many patients find have a 51 effect on relieving symptoms. Results of a study also suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition（认知）offers the best chance of 52 loneliness.
Nevertheless, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 53 process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson, and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, 54 , it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 55 creative activities.
41. A. type B. concern C. consequence D. evidence
42. A. grief B. emotion C. offence D. horror
43. A. informal B. uncertain C. relevant D. unfamiliar
44. A. turn to B. interact with C. long for D. share with
45. A. release B. observe C. monitor D. treat
46. A. reversing B. directing C. measuring D. pursuing
47. A. long-term B. sightseeing C. patient D. group
48. A. quit B. evolve C. switch D. exercise
49. A. confirm B. protest C. enhance D. ease
50. A. socializing B. interfering C. comparing D. coping
51. A. historic B. restorative C. decisive D. permanent
52. A. promoting B. enhancing C. reducing D. striving
53. A. creative B. musical C. artistic D. poetic
54. A. however B. therefore C. instead D. otherwise
55. A. restricted to B. engaged in C. concerned about D. altered by
Section B （ 22%）
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
（A）
In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.
But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.
It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United States and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.
So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those students being low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.
How were they able to make this happen It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.
For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facing difficulties. That way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference. Michigan State has not only received useful information from its partners. It has also shared helpful information of its own.
Bridget Burns, the executive director for the UIA, says efforts like this have never been as successful. “There are rankings that measure all kinds of things,” Burns said. “But how well you do for low-income students has not historically been highlighted.”
56. What led to the setting up of the UIA
A. The low graduation rates. B. The great need of low-income students.
C. The inefficiency of learning. D. The severe competition between schools.
57. The UIA functions in such a way as the member universities ________.
A. find out their own graduation rates
B. share and follow each other’s good practice
C. make joint efforts to aid students financially
D. popularize computer programs among students
58. By “it has meant a world of difference” in paragraph 6, the author means Michigan State ________.
A. has found the computer program quite different from theirs
B. has discovered the computer program is very difficult to use
C. has helped students successfully with the computer program
D. has involved more academic advisors in the computer program
59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage
A. Universities Highlighting Their Efforts for Low-Incomes
B. Universities Competing for Better Students and Teachers
C. Universities Working Together to Help Poor Students
D. Universities Creating the UIA to Share Information
（B）
Here are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.
Need inspiration
Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter Scott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewarded with some pretty special views.
History lovers Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour（human or audio）or just wander through it with a map. Listen out for the One o’clock Gun-it fires every day except Sunday. At one o’clock. Obviously.
Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincide
Feeling hungry
A satisfying With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus
dinner: home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.
A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve “the best steak pie in Edinburgh”, to match with real beer （it’s in the Good Beer Guide）and enough whiskies（威士忌酒）to take up a whole page on the drinks menu.
Shopping centre
Princes Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retail landmark in the shape of Jenners department store.
Harvey Nichols: A byword（代名词）for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack. Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you from your cash.
Hidden Edinburgh
Edinburgh’s deepest secret （literally）is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try “The Real Mary King’s Close” to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.
Need trains to Edinburgh We’ll get you sorted...
60. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ________.
A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shopping
B Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensive
C. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey Nichols
D. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols
61. The underlined word “edible” is closest in meaning to ________.
A. beautiful B. eatable C. visible D. delicate
62. This page is most likely to be found at ________.
A. http: //www./en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburgh
B. https: //www./en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburgh
C. https: //www./our-destinations/edinburgh-overview
D. http: //www.edinburghcastle.gov.uk/discover/about-the-castle
（C）
The battle for women’s right to vote
One hundred years ago, British women were given the vote for the first time. How did it come about
The first appeals for women’s right to vote in Britain date from the early 19th century. In 1818, in his Plan of Parliamentary Reform, Jeremy Bentham insisted that women should be given the vote. Women at the time had no political rights at all- they were deemed to be represented by their husbands or fathers. The old arguments prevailed. Women, it was said, were mentally less able than men; their “natural sphere” was in the home; they were unable to fight for their country, and thus undeserving of full rights; moreover, they simply didn’t want the vote. This was at least partly true. “I have never felt the want of a vote,” declared Florence Nightingale in 1867, while Queen Victoria condemned the “mad, wicked folly of women’s rights”. Even George Eliot was reluctant to back the cause.
It wasn’t until the second half of the 19th century that the first campaigning women’s groups were formed. Initially they focused on the lack of education, employment opportunities and legal rights for women （married women, at the time, had no independent legal standing）; but the question of the vote gradually became central to their demands—both symbolically, as a recognition of women’s rights, and practically, as a means of improving women’s lives.
However, the women’s campaigning was still a subject of debate. While most historians agree that the campaigns were initially very effective in mobilizing women and highlighting injustices, a series of mass processions followed; more than 250,000 women protested in Hyde Park in 1908. Many were arrested and ill-treated; prisoners who went on hunger strike were brutally force-fed. Over time they became steadily more militant-smashing shop windows, setting fire to letter boxes, libraries and even homes. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women’s votes, was attacked with a dog whip. Such use of violence was thought, certainly at the time, to have been unfavorable.
With the sacrifices of the First World War strengthening support for widening the right to vote generally, women suspended campaigning. More than a million women were newly employed outside the home --in munitions （军需品）factories, engineering works. Crucially, Asquith was replaced as PM by David Lloyd George, a supporter of votes for women. The Representation of the People Act 1918 was introduced by the coalition government and passed by a majority of 385 to 55, gaining the Royal Assent on 6 February 1918. Women over 30, who were householders or married to one, or university graduates, were given the vote.
63. Which of the following is NOT the reason why women were not qualified to vote
A. Women were supposed to do housework and serve their husbands.
B. Women were too weak to fight against enemies.
C. Women had already enjoyed many political rights.
D. Women were not as intelligent as men.
64. According to the passage, why did women’s campaigning arouse debate
A. Because it failed to mobilize women and emphasize injustices.
B. Because women were put in prison and abused during the protest.
C. Because most women didn’t want the vote.
D. Because all the emotional behaviors were regarded as improper.
65. The word “militant”（in Line 5, Para.4）probably refers to ________.
A. imposing. B. extreme. C. negative. D. obedient.
66. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Women stopped protesting for their vote because they were offered more job opportunities.
B. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women’s votes, committed suicide.
C. The first campaigning women groups were formed originally for the sake of legal rights.
D. All women can enjoy their right to vote since the introduction of People Act.
Section C（8%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Crops in fields can be protected by windbreaks. B. Farmers plant these barriers around their fields. C. One line should be large trees. D. But here is something interesting about windbreaks. E. Then the soil will be washed away. F. They can provide grazing animals with shade from the sun.
Soil conservation methods help farmers protect their land from the damage caused by farming and the forces of nature. One method of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. 67
Windbreaks help prevent the loss of soil. They stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from damaging or destroying crops. Windbreaks can be highly valuable for protecting grain crops. For example, studies have been done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa. These studies found that grain harvests were as much as twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without them.
68 They seem to work best when they allow some wind to pass through the barrier of trees or plants around a field. If not, then the movement of air close to the ground will lift the soil. Then the soil will be blown away.
For this reason, a windbreak works best if it contains only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants that would be needed to make a solid line. An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak.
There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. 69 The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are considered the best choices for windbreaks.
Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used or sold for wood.
Trees reduce the damaging effects of wind and rain. Their roots help protect soil from being washed away. And trees can provide another valuable service for agriculture. 70
Section D （10 分）
Directions: Write the summary of the passage with no more than 60 words and the original sentences in the passage are not allowed to use.
Four-day Workweek
In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. If a law required companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths（80 percent）of their normal pay, it would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.
The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional pay the company has to prepare for these people, because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone（容易出错的）employees for the same money, which would increase company profits.
For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate.
Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities.
第Ⅱ卷（共 40分）
I. Translation （15% ）
72.年轻人对流行歌手相当熟悉。（familiar）
73.他已经向野生动物保护组织捐赠了所有筹集来的资金。（donate）
74.当地政府已经发起了一项活动来促进垃圾分类。（campaign）
75.遍布全世界的年轻人全都自告奋勇去用自己的知识和技能帮助他人。（volunteer）
II. Guided Writing （25%）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below.
下图反映的是网络时代所出现的一种问题，有些孩子沉溺于网上交流而忽视了与父母的沟通。请你根据对该漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。该文应包含以下要点：
1.你对此现象的看法。
2.我们该如何主动和父母亲沟通。
3.文中不得出现任何个人信息。