02环境保护-中考英语时文阅读（含答案解析）

中考英语热点时文阅读
02环境保护
题型 主要内容
1 短文填空 介绍了中国举办“绿色奥运”，2022年冬奥会将是历史上第一届完全使用可再生清洁能源为所有场馆供电的奥运会。
2 阅读理解 介绍了戴森公司的产品、联合国的决议和中国林业局的报告，来说明人们抵抗污染，阻止全球变暖，提高森立覆盖率方面采取的措施和取得的成就。
3 阅读理解 垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规；废物合理利用；垃圾分类。
4 阅读理解 讲述了Toby McCartney为了应对塑料污染的严重问题，而将塑料用于公路建造的故事。
5 阅读还原7选5 介绍了费尔菲尔德学校的学生和老师通过自己种植蔬菜，回收废物垃圾，植树，步行和骑自行车上下学等这些事情来改善、保护环境。
01
As the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is around the corner, China has repeated its determination（决心） to host a “Green Olympics” and is preparing to ___1___ that promise.
Beijing will ___2___ venues（场地） from the 2008 Olympics for the 2022 Winter Games. Among these, the National Aquatic Center or “Water Cube” —known as the “Ice Cube” for the upcoming Winter Games—will host curling （冰壶） events, and the National Indoor Stadium will host ice hockey. Opening and closing ceremonies will ___3___ again take place at the Beijing National Stadium, or Bird’s Nest.
The 2022 Winter Olympics will be the first Games in history to totally power all venues ___4___ clean energy from renewable sources. Solar and wind power will be produced in the Zhangbei area of Hebei Province.
For the first time in the history of the Olympic Games, Beijing will use carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） to make ice. It is an environmentally friendly ___5___ in ice-making. At the same time it will produce a lot of heat which can be used to warm up water. Sportspersons can use the ___6___ water to take a shower. The new ice－making technology will also ___7___ electricity.
All venues can be reached by green public transportation. Spectators （观众） at the 2022 Winter Olympics will be encouraged to ___8___ by public transport across the three competition areas—downtown Beijing, its suburban Yanqing District and co-host Zhangjiakou in Hebei Province. The three areas are connected ___9___ an electric-powered high-speed railway.
The Beijing Winter Olympics Village is a green village. The ___10___ are mainly made of steel （钢）, which makes it easy to rebuild them after the Games. After the Games, the village will be turned into public rental housing.
02
High-tech pollution protection Technology company Dyson has created headphones with a visor (面罩) to help people avoid polluted air. Called the Dyson Zone, it connects noise-canceling headphones with a visor that sits just in front of the nose and mouth, providing users with cleaned air. The product is designed to fight against air and sound pollution.
___________ On March 15, the UN General Assembly (联合国大会) passed a resolution supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. It calls on member countries to add bicycles to public transportation and encourages them to focus on bicycle-sharing services. The UN said transportation is the third - largest source of carbon dioxide (CO2) , a greenhouse gas that causes global warming. Choosing a bike over a car just once a day can reduce a person’ s transportation carbon emissions by 67 percent, according to a University of Oxford study.
Planting forests for the future China’ s National Forestry and Grassland Administration of forest in 2021 brought out a report on March 11, showing China’ s land - greening progress in 2021. According to the report, 3 million hectares of Chinese grassland were improved through grass planting, and 23, 900 hectares of farmland were changed into grassland. As much as 1. 44 million hectares of land were saved from becoming desert.
11．All the news above has something to do with ________ .
A．invention B．laws C．environment D．achievements
12．The idea of the Dyson Zone is to ________ .
A．introduce a new product B．show how creative Dyson is
C．provide users with more air D．protect people from pollution
13．The best heading for the second news would be ________ .
A．Two-wheeled Solution B．An Environmentally-friendly Bicycle
C．Serious Climate Change D．Cars vs Bicycles
14．Why did the UN suggest riding bikes more often
A．Because it is a lot better for health.
B．Because it will produce far less greenhouse gas.
C．Because riding bikes is much cheaper than driving cars.
D．Because it can draw more attention to bicycle-sharing services.
15．It’s clear that ________ .
A．China planted a lot of trees on March 11, 2022
B．China doesn’ t have to worry about grass and any more
C．China taught many people how to plant trees
D．China achieved greatly in the field of land-greening
03
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go People usually burn or bury (埋) it. We also receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people’s health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can’t make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations (一代，一辈).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting (分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
16．The writer starts the passage by ________.
A．telling stories B．comparing numbers C．raising questions D．giving suggestions
17．The underlined word “sustainable” in Paragraph 2 means “________” in Chinese.
A．可享受的 B．可持续的 C．可借鉴的 D．可复活的
18．From the passage, we know that ________.
A．waste does harm only to the environment
B．those who break the law may not be punished
C．China stops getting waste from developed countries
D．waste sorting starts to become popular in China
19．From the last three paragraphs, we can learn that ________.
A．China has stopped 24 kinds of waste coming into our country for three years
B．all the people are forming the habit of separating their waste in China
C．no harmful gases or water can get into the environment
D．China is paying more and more attention to the waste now
20．The structure of the passage may be ________.
(1=Paragraph l; 2=Paragraph 2; 3=Paragraph 3; 4—Paragraph 4; 5=Paragraph 5; 6=Paragraph 6)
A． B． C． D．
04
We all know plastic pollution has become a serious problem. One million plastic drinking bottles are thrown away every minute. What if we could use plastic waste to build roads This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.
In 2019, McCartney’s UK-based company, MacRebur, built a plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains（颗粒）and then mixed with bitumen(沥青). The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and is more stretchy(有弹性的) thanks to the plastic.
“Our technology can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather,” McCartney said.
McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people in India would put plastic waste into potholes(路面的坑洼) and burn it. The plastic would melt down(熔化) and fill the holes,” said McCartney.
“I knew that there must be some correspondences between plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. That’s how I started to think about mixing them,” he said.
After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect method. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world. A one-kilometer stretch of road uses about 684, 000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled and the materials can be reused to build new roads.
“We’re just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it’s nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastics in the ocean than fish.”
21．Compared with normal roads, the plastic road _________.
a. is not easy to break b. is fit for hot weather c. is more stretchy d. costs more money
A．ab B．ac C．bc D．bd
22．________ gave McCartney the idea of building the plastic road.
A．Too many changes in the weather
B．His wish to reduce plastic pollution
C．His knowledge of plastic and bitumen
D．Indian people’s way of dealing with potholes
23．The underlined word “correspondences” in this passage means ________.
A．competitions B．connections C．differences D．reasons
24．What does McCartney mean in the last paragraph
A．He is ready to offer help in reducing plastic pollution.
B．Children should also join to reduce plastic pollution.
C．Plastic problems will soon be solved with his help.
D．Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious.
25．What is the main idea of the passage
A．To describe how much a kid’s future matters.
B．To encourage every company to build a plastic road.
C．To help people understand how harmful plastic waste is.
D．To tell people plastic waste can be reused to build a road.
05
Fairfield School is called “the greenest school in Britain” because the pupils and the teachers at the school think it’s very important to look after the environment. ____26____
Growing vegetables
The pupils in Fairfield School started their own vegetable garden. Both children and teachers plant and water the seeds, then they pick the vegetables. The vegetables are used in school meals. ____27____ “School lunches are tastier than ever before!” says one pupil.
Recycling
The Fairfield pupils don’t just bring their books to school—they bring their rubbish too! There are recycling bins in the playground for plastic bags, plastic bottles, paper and so on. ____28____
Planting trees
Now every child has planted their own tree. ____29____ They’ve made the view from the classroom more beautiful!
Finding cleaner ways to get around
____30____ “When the roads are busy, it’s faster to ride bikes than to go by car anyway,” says one pupil. Even the teachers don’t use their cars. “We don’t encourage our pupils to look after the environment if we don’t do it ourselves!” says one teacher.
A．The teachers give a prize every month to the pupil who has tried the hardest to recycle.
B．The following is what they are doing.
C．In Fairfield School, the teachers care about their pupils very much.
D．Everyone walks or rides a bike to Fairfield School.
E．Many parents take their children to Fairfield School in their cars.
F．They look after their own trees during the week.
G．Now they can all enjoy healthy food at lunchtime.
参考答案
1．keep 2．reuse 3．once 4．with 5．way 6．hot 7．save 8．travel 9．by 10．buildings
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国举办“绿色奥运”，2022年冬奥会将是历史上第一届完全使用可再生清洁能源为所有场馆供电的奥运会。
1．句意：在2022年北京冬奥会即将到来之际，中国再次表明了举办“绿色奥运”的决心，并将信守这一承诺。根据“that promise.”可知是信守承诺，keep“保持”符合语境，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填keep。
2．句意：北京将为2022年冬奥会重复使用2008年奥运会的场馆。根据“Beijing will...venues（场地） from the 2008 Olympics for the 2022 Winter Games.”可知2022年冬奥会重复使用2008年奥运会的场馆，reuse“重复使用”，是动词，空前有will，动词用原形，故填reuse。
3．句意：开幕式和闭幕式将再次在北京国家体育场举行，也就是鸟巢。根据“Opening and closing ceremonies will...again take place at the Beijing National Stadium, or Bird’s Nest.”可知是指再一次，又一次，once again“再一次”，故填once。
4．句意：2022年冬奥会将是历史上第一届完全使用可再生清洁能源为所有场馆供电的奥运会。根据“to totally power all venues...clean energy from renewable sources.”可知是指用可再生清洁能源，with“用”，是介词，符合语境，故填with。
5．句意：这是一种环保的制冰方式。根据“will use carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） to make ice”可知用二氧化碳制冰是一种环保的制冰方式，way“方式”，被an修饰，应用单数，故填way。
6．句意：运动员可以用热水洗澡。根据“which can be used to warm up water”以及“can use the...water to take a shower”可知利用二氧化碳来制冰会产生大量的热量，加热水后，运动员可以用热水洗澡，hot“热的”，形容词，故填hot。
7．句意：新的制冰技术也将节省电力。根据“The new ice-making technology will also...electricity.”可知是指省电，save“节约”，动词，空前有will，动词用原形，故填save。
8．句意：2022年冬奥会的观众将被鼓励乘坐公共交通穿越三个比赛区域——北京市中心、郊区延庆区和协办城市河北张家口。根据“by public transport across the three competition areas—downtown Beijing, its suburban Yanqing District and co-host Zhangjiakou in Hebei Province”可知是指乘坐公共交通穿越三个比赛区域，travel“行进”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填travel。
9．句意：这三个地区由一条电力驱动的高速铁路连接。根据“The three areas are connected...an electric-powered high-speed railway. ”可知三个地区被一条电力驱动的高速铁路连接，by“被”，是介词，故填by。
10．句意：这些建筑主要是用钢建造的，这使得奥运会后重建它们很容易。根据“The Beijing Winter Olympics Village is a green village. The...are mainly made of steel （钢）”可知是指北京冬奥村里的建筑是用钢制造的，building“建筑物”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填buildings。
11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了戴森公司的产品、联合国的决议和中国林业局的报告，来说明人们抵抗污染，阻止全球变暖，提高森立覆盖率方面采取的措施和取得的成就。
11．细节理解题。根据第一则新闻“The product is designed to fight against air and sound pollution.” ，第二则新闻“On March15, the UN General Assembly (联合国大会) passed a resolution supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. ” ，第三则新闻“According to ... were saved from becoming desert.”可知，这三则新闻分别报道了抵抗空气噪音污染、抵抗全球变暖和防止沙漠化问题，都与环境有关。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Called the Dyson Zone, it connects ... fight against air and sound pollution.”可知，这种产品帮助人们对抗空气和噪音污染。故选D。
13．最佳标题题。通读这一则报道“On March15, the UN General Assembly (联合国大会) ... according to a University of Oxford study.”可知，本文主要介绍的是提倡用自行车作为应对气候变化的工具。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“The UN said transportation is the third - largest source of carbon dioxide (CO2) , a greenhouse gas that causes global warming.”可知，交通是二氧化碳的第三大排放源，CO2会导致全球变暖。又根据“Choosing a bike over a car just once a day can reduce a person’ s transportation carbon emissions by 67 percent, according to a University of Oxford study.”可知，自行车会减少二氧化碳的排放。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“According to the report, 3 million hectares of Chinese grassland were improved through grass planting, and 23, 900 hectares of farmland were changed into grassland. As much as 1. 44 million hectares of land were saved from becoming desert.”可知，中国的绿化，防止沙漠化取得了很大发展。故选D。
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．A
【导语】本文主要讲的是垃圾污染环境，危害人们的健康，导致动物死亡，同时也阻碍了可持续发展，并列举了处理垃圾问题的三种方法：减少他国的垃圾输入及制定废物处理的法律法规；废物合理利用；垃圾分类。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段出现的三个问句“Where does the waste go ... What about the useless part ...But is it a proper way ”可知，本文是通过提出问题开始的，故选C。
17．词义猜测题。根据“We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations.”（我们应该把青山绿水留给我们的下一代）可推断，suitable在这里的意思是“可持续的”，也就是我们经常说的“可持续发展”，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste”（越来越多的人养成了废物分类的习惯。）可知，垃圾分类在中国已经开始流行，故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据“From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made”可知，中国现在对垃圾越来越重视，也制定了更多关于处理废物的法律和规则，故选D。
20．文章结构题。文章最后一段才提到垃圾分类，所以C、D结构是错误的；文章第四段的“减少他国的垃圾输入及制定垃圾处理的法律法规”，第五段的“废物合理利用”以及第六段的“垃圾分类”，都属于第三段的“处理废物问题的方法”，所以排除B，故选A。
21．B 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Toby McCartney为了应对塑料污染的严重问题，而将塑料用于公路建造的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据“The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and is more stretchy（有弹性的）thanks to the plastic.”可推断出与普通道路相比，塑料道路的优点是强度得到提升不容易折断，更具有弹性。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段的“McCartney’s idea came from a trip to India. ”可知建造塑料公路的想法来源于McCartney的印度之旅，在印度旅行时看到印度人用废弃塑料来填公路的坑洼地而产生了利用塑料建造公路，实现塑料的回收再利用。故选D。
23．词义猜测题。根据“I knew that there must be some correspondences between plastic and bitumen, which both come from oil. That’s how I started to think about mixing them, ” 可知塑料和沥青都源于石油，它们应当有某种联系，推测本段中带下划线的“correspondences”一词的意思是“联系”。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“We’re just a small part of ending the plastic problems, but it’s nice to be part of it, McCartney said.”可知，力量虽然渺小，但是McCartney乐于成为其中的一部分，进而推断出McCartney愿意为减少塑料污染提供帮助。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据“We all know plastic pollution has become a serious problem. One million plastic drinking bottles are thrown away every minute. What if we could use plastic waste to build roads This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.”可知本文主要讲述了为了缓解塑料污染，McCartney提出回收再利用塑料垃圾建造道路, 所以这篇文章的主要思想是告诉人们塑料垃圾可以再利用来建造道路。故选D。
26．B 27．G 28．A 29．F 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了费尔菲尔德学校的学生和老师通过自己种植蔬菜，回收废物垃圾，植树，步行和骑自行车上下学等这些事情来改善、保护环境。
26．根据下文“Growing vegetables”；“Recycling”；“Planting trees”；“Finding cleaner ways to get around”可知，列举费尔菲尔德学校的学生和老师保护环境的示例，选项B“下面是他们正在做的事情。”符合语境，故选B。
27．根据上文“The vegetables are used in school meals.”可知，这些蔬菜用于学校的膳食，所以学生可以吃到自己种植的健康蔬菜，选项G“现在他们都可以在午餐时间享用健康食品。”符合语境，故选G。
28．根据上文“The Fairfield pupils don’t just bring their books to school—they bring their rubbish too! There are recycling bins in the playground for plastic bags, plastic bottles, paper and so on.”可知，学生都会带可回收垃圾去学校，所以猜测老师会给予奖励，选项A“老师们每个月都会给那些最努力回收的学生颁奖。”符合语境，故选A。
29．根据上文“Now every child has planted their own tree.”可知，每个学生都自己种了树，所以他们会自己照顾自己的树，选项F“他们在周中照顾他们自己的树。”符合语境，故选F。
30．根据下文“‘When the roads are busy, it’s faster to ride bikes than to go by car anyway,’ says one pupil. Even the teachers don’t use their cars.”可知，本段在讲步行或骑自行车去学校来保护环境。选项D“每个人都步行或骑自行车去费尔菲尔德学校。”符合语境，故选D。