Unit 5 On the road
现在分词做定语
一、单项选择
1.The building ________ more than 10 meters long and 5 meters wide is a school.
A.is measured B.measures C.measuring D.measured
2.In this remote village stands an ancient temple ________ from hundreds of years ago.
A.dates B.dated C.dating D.is dating
3.The ______ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.
A.visiting; add B.visited; adding
C.visiting; adding D.visited; added
4.In the morning, my friend posted a message on social media ________ she had a cold.
A.said B.to say C.saying D.says
5.There was an interesting experience ________ in 2017, which I still remember now.
A.happened B.had happened C.happening D.to happen
6.Engines are machines _______ power or motion.
A.produce B.producing C.produced D.which producing
7.Don’t wake up the________ child.
A.sleep B.slept C.sleeping D.sleepy
8.________ dogs seldom bite.
A.Bark B.To bark C.Barked D.Barking
9.There must be many people ________ for the train at the train station because of the snow.
A.wait B.waited C.to wait D.waiting
10.The boy________ a book by the river is my brother.
A.hold B.held C.holding D.was held
11.I love to photograph the________ sun ,so I force myself to get up early.
A.rise B.risen C.rising D.rose
12.—Who won the election for mayor
—A man ________to donate what he had to the city.
A.promising B.promised C.is promised D.has promised
13.Many students ________ confidence find it hard to accomplish the difficult learning tasks.
A.lacked B.lacking C.lacking of D.lacked in
14.There’s a note pinned to the window ________ when the shop will open again.
A.saying B.says C.said D.having said
15.There is a woman ________ herself Mrs. Clare over there. She wants to see you.
A.calling B.calls C.called D.call
16.For years art historians have mostly ignored a tiny inscription(题词) at the upper left corner of the frame of Edvard Munch's "The Scream", ________:"Could only have been painted by a madman".
A.read B.reading C.reads D.to read
17.Snow was falling when they went along a mountain path __________ to the front.
A.to lead B.led C.leading D.being led
18.At present, there are thousands of people ________around the clock to fight against the flood.
A.are working B.worked C.working D.to work
19.The injured from the shock in the traffic accident are lying in the hospital at the moment.
A.suffering B.suffered C.suffer D.to suffer
20.It's getting dark, but there still are several boys basketball on the playground.
A.playing B.played
C.to play D.having played
21._________ from the top of the mountain, the river ____over 250 meters broad looked splendid.
A.Seeing ; measuring B.Seeing; measured C.Seen; measuring D.Seen ; measured
22.Do you know the boy ___ under the big tree
A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying
23.The fantastic shop signs on the windows are designed and painted by students from Class One.
A.being hung B.hanging C.hang D.are hung
24.There were over 20000 people____________ my blog.
A.read B.reading C.to read D.being read
25.All those ________ the pop singing group cheered, applauding as they sang.
A.watched B.was watching C.watching D.to watch
26.The competition attracted over 500 players ____________8 different countries.
A.to represent B.represented C.representing D.who represents
27.At that moment, he was no longer an athlete ______ for a medal; he was just a brother.
A.aiming B.aims C.aimed D.aim
28.The silver moon was high overhead, and there was a gentle breeze down the valley.
A.playing B.to play C.played D.having played
29.The man________ next to me works very hard, going out early and returning late every day.
A.lives B.living C.having lived D.to live
30.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and________less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A.to weigh B.having been weighed C.weighing D.weighed
二、语法填空
31.It’s obvious that there are currently more people (apply) for each job.
32.I like the movie (star) Tom Cruise.
33.My friend posted a message on social media (say) she had a cold. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with (grow) rice.
35.People (take) part in the activity are volunteers. They did this without being paid.
36.Scenes (require) CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio.
37.China is a developing country (belong) to the third world.
38.There are 50 foreign students (learn) Chinese in our school, most of whom are from Germany.
39.My thanks should go to those (inspire) me to go ahead and giving me support as well.
40.We were all impressed by the statue of the horse (date) back to the Xia dynasty.
41.As I was about to give up hope , a man (drive) an old car came to help me.
42.A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those (want) a good night’s sleep.
43.He is trying to solve the serious problems (arise) from the border crisis of the area.
44.Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway (connect) Cusco to Lake Titicaca.
45.They often learn it faster than people (study) a language that has no direct use in their daily life.
46.As far as I’m concerned, there are three factors (account) for it.
47.The park has many animals , (range) from butterflies to elephants.
48.White, who graduated from the University of Cambridge, started a channel, (record) her daily life on campus.
49.The number of people (quit) smoking has increased rapidly over the past decade .
50.Susan Luo, an adviser for teenagers, has received a letter (ask) for some advice. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51.The fans (gather) in the hall were waiting for the young actor.
52.The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to devote my life to helping those (suffer) a lot.
53.There is a man (take) photos.
54.We avoided a pack of journalists (wait) outside. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
55.This is an activity (aim) at improving the students’ ability to listen and speak.
56.An urban area is the region (surround) and including a city.
57.The young girl (sit) on a garden chair was dressed in a Snow White costume
58.We all admire the young man (struggle) to enter a key university.
59.Recently a survey (compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate.
60.You are a teenager (live) in certain parts of the province.
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这座量度为长10多米、宽5米的建筑是一所学校。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,空格处应用非谓语动词,“measure”意为“量度为……”,此时句子主语“building”与“measure”为逻辑上的主谓关系,空格处应用“measure”的现在分词“measuring”作定语。故选C项。
2.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这个偏僻的村庄里,矗立着一座几百年前的古庙。短语:date from“追溯到,起源于”,不用于进行时,无被动语态。分析可知, ________ from hundreds of years ago在句中为定语,修饰名词temple,所以此处要用现在分词形式。选项C符合题意,故选C。
3.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:来访的首相对他的谈话表示满意,并补充说他在这里过得很愉快。visit 访问;add 补充说。结合句意,分析句子可知,visit在句中作定语修饰名词Prime Minister,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Prime Minister之间是主动关系,且表示“正在访问”,应用现在分词visiting,表示主动和正在进行;add在句中作伴随状语,也是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语Prime Minister之间是主动关系,应用现在分词adding,表示主动和正在进行。故选C项。
4.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:今天早上,我的朋友上传了一条留言在社交媒体上,说她感冒了。根据句子“my friend posted a message”可知,这个简单句的主谓宾基本成分已经完整,和选项里的动词say之间没有连词,所以say要用非谓语形式。而且,say这个动作是被它修饰的词 “a message”主动发出的动作,是伴随着谓语动词“posted”同时发生的动作,所以要用现在分词形式,表示主动、伴随。故选C项。
5.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:2017年发生了一件有趣的事情,我至今还记得。分析句子可知,happen(发生)作后置定语修饰名词experience,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语experience之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,表示主动。故选C项。
6.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:发动机是产生动力或运动的机器。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“are”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“produce”意为“生产”,动词词性,“machines”与“produce”为逻辑上的主谓关系,故空格处应用现在分词作后置定语,修饰“machines”,“produce”的现在分词为“producing”。故选B项。
7.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:别吵醒了那个正睡觉的孩子。分析句子,可知空格处为非谓语,动词sleep和所修饰的名词child之间是主动进行的关系,故用其现在分词sleeping,表示“正在睡觉的”作定语,sleepy意为“困倦的”不符合句意。故选C项。
8.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:会叫的狗不咬人。修饰名词做定语,barking作为前置定语修饰dogs,和bark是主动的关系,所以用barking,故选D。
9.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于下雪,火车站一定有很多在等火车的人。分析句子结构可知wait在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语people构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故选D。
10.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在河边拿着一本书的那个男孩是我弟弟。本句已有动词is,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词boy,空处动词hold与名词boy之间是主动关系,所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故选C。
11.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢拍初升的太阳,所以我强迫自己早起。现在分词(doing)有形容词性质,可以在句中充当定语。单个分词充当前置定语,现在分词和被修饰词之间一般是主动关系。rise和sun之间时主动关系,因此用rising。故选C项。
12.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——谁赢得了市长选举?——一个承诺把他所有的钱都捐给这座城市的人。此处“谁赢得了市长选举”的回答是a man,promise在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语man构成主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故选A。
13.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多缺乏自信的学生发现很难完成困难的学习任务。lack用作及物动词,表示“缺乏,补足,没有”;lack用作不及物动词,表示“缺乏,补足,没有”,常与in搭配;lack用作名词时,常与of搭配。此处为非谓语,与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动,作后置定语。故选B。
14.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:门上钉着一张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。分析可知,句中已有谓语动词(系动词)is,所以空白处要用非谓语动词。note和say是主动关系,所以要用现在分词作后置定语,非谓语动词膘四号的动作与谓语动词没有明显的先后顺序,所以不用完成式,故选A。
15.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:那边有个自称克莱尔太太的女人。她想见你。动词call意为“称呼”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语woman构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故选A。
16.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:多年来,艺术史学家基本上忽略了Edvard Munch的《呐喊》画框左上角的一小段题词:“只可能是一个疯子画的。”分析句子可知,已有谓语动词have ignored,空处需填非谓语动词,由于read与所修饰词a tiny inscription之间是主谓关系,空处应使用非谓语动词reading,作定语。故选B项。
17.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他们沿着通往前面的山路行走时,正下着雪。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,逻辑主语path和lead之间是主动关系,应用现在分词。虽然to lead也可表主动,但句中不表目的或将来。故选C。
【点睛】
18.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:目前,成千上万的人夜以继日地与洪水作斗争。分析可知,句中已有谓语动词are,因此此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词people,people与work之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,用现在分词表示主动,故选C。
19.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:遭受交通事故冲击的伤者们此刻躺在医院里。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用现在分词作定语修饰the injured,因为the injured和suffer是主动关系。故选A。
20.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:天渐渐黑了,但操场上仍有几个男孩在打篮球。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用现在分词作定语修饰several boys,因为boys和play是主动关系。故选A。
21.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从山顶上看,这条250多米宽的大河十分壮观。第一空the river与see之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,所以用过去分词作时间状语,第二空measure表示“量起来有……长/宽/高等”,为连系动词,没有被动式,所以用现在分词作后置定语,故C项正确。
22.D
【详解】考查现在分词做定语。句意:你认识躺在大树下的那个男孩吗?根据the boy与lay之间是主动关系,且表示“正躺在树下”,因此用现在分词做后置定语,修饰the boy。故选D项。
23.B
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:挂在窗户上的漂亮的商店招牌是由一班的学生设计和绘制的。本句已有谓语are designed and painted且无连词,此处用非谓语形式,名词短语The fantastic shop signs和动词hang是逻辑上的被动关系,hang(悬挂)是不及物动词,常常在意思上主动表被动,此处用现在分词(doing)作名词短语的后置定语,主动表被动。故选B项。
24.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有超过2万人读了我的博客。分析句子可知,句子是there be句型,read与people是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词作定语,表主动。故选B。
25.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:所有观看流行歌唱组合的人都欢呼起来,边唱边鼓掌。本句的谓语为cheered,因此此处是非谓语动词,those与watch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作后置定语,故C项正确。
26.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名选手参加。分析可知,句中谓语为“attracted”,所选动词应是非谓语,作之前名词的后置定语,represent与其逻辑主语players是主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故选C项。
27.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在那一刻,他不再是一个追求奖牌的运动员;他只是个兄弟。分析句子可知,此句中已有谓语动词was,故此处应用非谓语,此处aiming是现在分词做定语,表主动。结合选项,故选A。
【点睛】非谓语动词是语法必考点,也是难点。非谓语动词的形式有:doing,done,to do;若一个句子当中已经有谓语动词了,再出现动词,有可能使用非谓语动词;若动词与主语之间是主动关系,则用doing;若动词与主语之间是被动关系,则用done;若表示目的,则用to do。
28.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:银色的月亮高高挂在头上,风吹过山谷。分析句子结构可知,and后的句子是there was句型,谓语动词是was,play在句中做定语,修饰breeze,与逻辑主语breeze构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故选A。
【点睛】当分词做状语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。
29.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:住在我旁边的那个人工作很努力,每天早出晚归。本句中有谓语动词works,故live在此作非谓语动词与man构成主动关系,故用现在分词,选B。
30.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:交通规则规定,四岁以下、体重小于40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。此处weigh是不及物动词,意为“重量是……”,不用被动语态,分析可知,空处应用非谓语动词与介词短语under the age of four并列作children的后置定语,weigh和逻辑主语children之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故选C。
31.applying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:很明显,现在每个工作都有更多的人申请。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰people,people和apply for为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填applying。
32.starring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢汤姆·克鲁斯主演的电影。“(star) Tom Cruise”作后置定语修饰名词the movie,star(使主演;由……担任主角)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the movie之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填starring。
33.saying
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:我的朋友在社交媒体上发布消息说她感冒了。逻辑主语a message和非谓语动词say是主动关系,say用现在分词作后置定语。故填saying。
34.growing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:夏天,随着水稻的生长,山脉变成了明亮的绿色。分析可知,所填应是空后名词“rice”的定语,用非谓语形式。动词“grow(生长)”与其之间为主动关系,且表“正在生长”这一含义,用现在分词形式。故填growing。
35.taking
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:参加活动的人都是志愿者。他们这样做是没有报酬的。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词people,take part in与people之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填taking。
36.requiring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:需要CGI的场景是在摄影棚的绿幕前拍摄的。动词require意为“需要”,和系动词之间没有连词,和主语scenes构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式,作后置定语。故填requiring。
37.belonging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词is,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词country,belong和country为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填belonging。
38.learning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们学校有50名学习汉语的外国学生,其中大部分来自德国。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词are,空处需填非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词students,二者为逻辑主谓关系,需填现在分词形式。故填learning。
39.inspiring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我应该感谢那些鼓舞我前进和给我支持的人。分析句子结构可知,空处作后置定语修饰前面代词those,且those和inspire之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故空处应用现在分词形式作定语。故填inspiring。
40.dating
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:我们都对追溯到夏朝的马雕像印象深刻。分析句子可知,空处在句中作非谓语,且在名词the horse后作后置定语 ,date back to “追溯到”,与被修饰名词the horse之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故应用现在分词形式。故填dating。
41.driving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:就在我快要放弃希望的时候,一个开着一辆旧车的人过来帮我。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词came,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰a man,a man与drive为逻辑主谓关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填driving。
42.wanting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:长久以来,睡前喝一杯热牛奶都是想睡个好觉的人的最佳选择。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词has,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰those,those和want为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填wanting。
43.arising
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:他正尽力解决由那个地区的边境危机引起的严重问题。句中已有谓语is trying,设空处应用非谓语形式。设空处作后置定语修饰空前的the serious problems,problems与arise为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词。注意:arise的现在分词应去-e加-ing。故填arising。
44.connecting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新公路行驶一天,欣赏美丽的乡村风光。分析句子,句中spend为谓语动词,故设空处使用非谓语动词。connect和highway之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。
45.studying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们通常比学习一种在日常生活中没有直接用途的语言的人学得更快。分析句子结构可知,句子谓语为learn,故本空为非谓语,且people和动词study“学习”为主动关系,故此处使用现在分词studying,作定语,修饰名词people。故填studying。
46.accounting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:就我而言,有三个因素导致了它。account for意为“ 导致,引起”,为固定短语。分析句子结构可知,主句系动词为are,故本空为非谓语,且three factors和account for为主动关系,故填现在分词accounting,作定语,修饰名词短语three factors。故答案为accounting。
47.ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里有许多动物,从蝴蝶到大象都有。句中有谓语has,前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰animals,animals和动词range是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填ranging。
48.recording
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:毕业于剑桥大学的怀特开设了一个频道,记录她在校园的日常生活。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词started,空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词channel,channel和record为逻辑主谓关系,需填现在分词形式recording。故填recording。
49.quitting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的十年里,戒烟的人数迅速增加。分析句子,句中has increased为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,此处people和quit之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作后置定语。故填quitting。
50.asking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:苏珊·罗是一位青少年顾问,她收到了一封征求意见的信。句中有谓语has received,前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词letter,动词ask(征求)和名词letter是主动关系,应用现在分词作后置定语,故填asking。
51.gathering
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:聚集在大厅里的影迷们在等这位年轻演员。分析句子结构,该句子的谓语动词是were waiting,没有连词,所以空处要填非谓语动词;gather和逻辑主语The fans之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词gathering,作后置定语。故填gathering。
52.suffering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我,激励我奉献自己的生命去帮助那些受苦的人。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词,suffer与逻辑主语those构成主动关系,故用现在分词suffering作后置定语。故填suffering。
53.taking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有一个人正在照相。分析句子可知,“(take) photos”作定语,修饰a man,二者之间是主动关系,且表示正在进行的动作,用现在分词taking作后置定语。故填taking。
54.waiting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们避开了在外面等着的一群记者。由句意及句子结构可知,空处应填非谓语动词的形式,wait与journalists之间为主动形式,应用现在分词,表示主动,作后置定语。故填waiting。
55.aimed/aiming
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一项旨在提高学生听说能力的活动。分析句子结构可知,设空处作后置定语修饰activity,此处可用be aimed at doing sth结构,表示“旨在做某事”,此时应用过去分词作后置定语;也可用aim at doing sth结构,表示“力争做到某事”,aim与activity之间为逻辑上的主动关系,此时应用现在分词作后置定语。故填aimed/aiming。
56.surrounding
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:市区是指城市周围并包括城市在内的区域。分析句子可知,此空应填非谓语, 且the region与surround为主动关系,再由句意可知,这里应用现在分词作定语。故填surrounding。
57.sitting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:坐在花园的椅子上的那个年轻女孩,穿着白雪公主的裙子。分析句子成分可知,空处应为非谓语动词。且提示词和被修饰词“girl”之间是主动关系,故现在分词作定语。故填sitting。
58.struggling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们都很钦佩那个努力考重点大学的年轻人。分析句子结构可知,句中已经出现谓语动词admire,空处作非谓语动词,struggle与逻辑主语young man之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式struggling作后置定语。故填struggling。
59.comparing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最近一项比较在两个不同超市里相同商品的价格的调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论。句中谓语是has caused,空格处用非谓语形式,a survey与compare在逻辑上构成主谓关系,用现在分词表主动,此处作定语,故填comparing。
60.living
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你是一个住在该省某些地区的青少年。分析句子结构可知,句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词,此处使用非谓语动词,a teenager与live之间为主动关系,使用现在分词作后置定语,故填living。
答案第11页,共22页
答案第11页,共22页
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