河南省2024年英语中考热点备考重难专题：一材多题型精讲（阅读理解—记叙文、阅读理解D、作文）（课件）(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
河南 英语
一材多题型精讲
2024中考备考重难专题课件
课件思路简介
一、设计初衷：《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》提到“充分认识语篇在传递文化意涵，引领价值取向，促进思维发展，服务语言学习、意义理解与表达等方面的重要作用。” 基于此，特优选高质量语篇，改编成不同题型，使老师在讲解不同的阅读任务时，帮助学生多层次、多角度地理解语篇，进而提高学生的阅读理解能力。
二、思路亮点：
1. 采用精讲一材多题型的整体思路，即：把同一个语篇素材改编成3个不同的题型，以便多维度提升学生的阅读理解能力及写作水平；
2. 结合2022全国创新考法，以“问题链”的形式研读语篇，方便老师精准透彻地讲解语篇；
3. 站在学生的角度，动态可视化解题思路，培养学生的解题思维。
三、适用场景：日常题型讲解或题型专项集训
一材多题型精讲
语篇研读
阅读理解D
1
阅读理解—记叙文
2
3
作文缩写
4
01 阅读理解—记叙文
解题步骤
Step 1：浏览全文，获取信息
主题
文体
人物
背景
内容
①Juan loves playing sports. His bedroom is covered with sports objects. He has posters, team flags, and caps on the walls. A small basketball hoop(篮框) hangs in one corner. A box for all his sports equipment(装备)is in the other corner. Juan spends a lot of time in his room practicing. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
②One morning, Juan’s mother found there was something wrong with Juan. So she hurried upstairs to Juan’s room. Juan sat in his bedroom sadly. His eyes were red.
③“Are you sick ” his mother asked.
④Juan just shook his head. Then he handed his mother a letter. Mother took the letter and began to read.
Dear Juan,
We are excited to tell you that you have been chosen to play on our team. You will be a backup quarterback(替补四分卫) for the “Little Rams” youth football team. Practice will begin in two weeks. We are looking forward to working with you.
Sincerely,
Coach Harvey
⑤Juan’s mother thought for while and then said, “You have been given a chance to join a great team. Every member of the team is important. There is no “I” in the word “teamwork”. To be truly great you have to learn to play each role you are given. Without a backup quarterback, the whole team is in trouble. What if the starting quarterback is unable to play Everybody on the team will be depending on you to do your job. The choice is yours. I don’t think all that practice you do has been for nothing.”
⑥Juan thought it over. He looked around his room. He saw all his favorite sports stars. They made everything look so easy. He thought about what his mother had said. He knew what he would do. “I’m going to be the best backup quarterback the Little Rams have ever seen!” he said. “I won’t let anybody down!” Juan gave his mom a big hug. “Thanks, Mom!” he smiled.
外文素材改编自SKILL SHARPENERS Reading
主题
文体
人物
背景
内容
记叙文
人与自我
Juan,
Juan’s
mom
Juan loves sports.
Juan
decided
to be
the best
backup quarterback.
Step 2：分析题目，定位原文
A. B. C. D.
1.What can we see on the walls of Juan’s bedroom？
我们可以在Juan卧室的墙上看到什么
图片理解
体育明星
科幻电影
野生动物
自然环境
①Juan loves playing sports. His bedroom is covered with sports objects. He has posters, team flags, and caps on the walls. A small basketball hoop(篮框) hangs in one corner...
房间内饰特点：运动元素
2022新课标：“看”通常指利用多模态语篇中的图形、表格、动画、符号，以及视频等理解意义的技能
2.What does Juan do to be the first
A. Buy sports things. B. Play with the team.
C. Practice in his room. D. Learn from sports stars.
细节理解/直接信息
①Juan loves playing sports. His bedroom is covered with sports objects. He has posters, team flags, and caps on the walls. A small basketball hoop(篮框) hangs in one corner. A box for all his sports equipment(装备)is in the other corner. Juan spends a lot of time in his room practicing. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
细节理解/信息转换
④Juan just shook his head...
...You will be a backup quarterback(替补四分卫) for the “Little Rams” youth football team. Practice will begin in two weeks. We are looking forward to working with you...
3. Why did Juan feel sad
A. Because he didn’t have time to play.
B. Because he didn’t like his role on the team.
C. Because he was laughed at by other players.
D. Because he didn’t want to be chosen on the team.
推断人物性格
拓展设问：How might sb. feel after/when...
⑤Juan’s mother thought for while and then said, “You have been given a chance to join a great team. Every member of the team is important. There is no “I” in the word “teamwork”. To be truly great you have to learn to play each role you are given. Without a backup quarterback, the whole team is in trouble. What if the starting quarterback is unable to play Everybody on the team will be depending on you to do your job. The choice is yours. I don’t think all that practice you do has been for nothing.”
没有批评Juan
认可每个角色都有重要性
将最终决定权交给Juan,肯定他的付出
4. Which word can best describe Juan’s mother
A. Strict. B. Outgoing. C. Patient. D. Honest.
标题归纳
爱好
角色
梦想
选择
⑥Juan thought it over. He looked around his room. He saw all his favorite sports stars. They made everything look so easy. He thought about what his mother had said. He knew what he would do. “I’m going to be the best backup quarterback the Little Rams have ever seen!” he said. “I won’t let anybody down!” Juan gave his mom a big hug. “Thanks, Mom!” he smiled.
5. What is the best title for the text
A. When to Develop a Hobby B. Each Role Matters
C. Dreams Come True D. How to Make Choices
妈妈的话让Juan认同了球队中的每个角色都很重要，他立志成为优秀替补。
同学们可以互相说说自己是如何做出这道题的~
总结回顾
Step 1：___________，获取信息
Step 2：分析题目，___________
解题步骤
浏览全文
定位原文
设问类型：
推理性格
标题归纳
图片理解
What, the best title
What, can we see
Which word，best describe
1. 人物性格：Which word（of the following words） can best describe the old couple？ （河南4考）
2. 标题归纳：What's/What is the best title for the/this text？（河南5考）
拓展
02 语篇研读
主题内容（What）
①What does the text mainly talk about
setting
character
beginning
middle
end
体裁： ___________ 大意： __________________________________________
Where: Juan’s home
When: One morning
Juan
Juan’s mom
Coach Harvey
①Juan practiced a lot and wanted to be the first.
②...⑤Juan's mom encouraged him when he was upset about being chosen as a backup quarterback.
⑥Juan made up his mind to
be the best backup quarterback.
记叙文
Juan因为只被选为替补四分卫而伤心，
在母亲的开导下，他重新振作起来。
主旨大意
对于主旨大意题，还有可能会这么问
1.What can we learn from the text (河南2022.29，2021.30)
2.What does the text/passage (mainly) tell us
(河南2017.60, 2013.50, 2011.55)
3.What is the text mainly about (河南2016.55)
He tried his best to play for the team even as a backup quarterback.
根据最后一段第七、八句“ ‘I’m going to be the best backup quarterback the Little Rams have ever seen!’he announced.”可推知，即使作为替补四分卫，他也会竭尽全力，很努力地比赛。
接下来Juan身上最有可能发生什么？
推断文章后续发展
推断文章后续发展可能的设问还有：Which one of the following is
most probably to be discussed next (安徽、河北、包头等地均有考察)
同学们可以大胆设想一下，Juan后续会怎么样呢？
②What will most probably happen to Juan next
What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage
语篇目的（Why）
作者写这篇文章的意图是什么？
作者意图
本文主要讲述了喜欢运动且对自己有很高要求的Juan因为只被选为替补四分卫而伤心，在母亲的开导下，立志成为小公羊队最好的四分卫的故事。启示我们：团队合作中，每个角色都很重要，我们要在自己的角色中做到最好。
①作者描述Juan热爱运动，勤于练习，为之付出了非常多的努力。他勇于争先，积极进取，不遗余力，意在鼓励同学们培养自己的兴趣爱好，丰富自己的生活，积极努力达成自己的目标。
② Juan母亲这一角色对儿子劝慰和开解的内容，也是作者观点的传达。团队中的每一个角色都至关重要，角色只有分工不同，没有高下之分。为了共同的目标，每个人都应该在自己的角色位置上竭尽全力。意在鼓励同学们要有团队精神，建立良好的人际交往和人际关系。
③作者笔下的Juan和母亲关系融洽，Juan母亲对儿子充满关怀并且有耐心。在Juan沮丧的时候，母亲会对他进行及时劝解和鼓励。由此体会到家庭成员间需要彼此关爱，相互支持和鼓励。引导学生反思自己在家庭中的行为，形成正确的价值判断，逐渐建构正确的家庭观念，实现核心素养的发展。
结构语言——文体特征（How）
文章体裁
有人物、时间、地点、事件，所以是一个story
常见的文体还有poem，interview，introduction，advertisement，poster...
What is the text （河南2022.30）
赏析：① 作者描述Juan热爱运动，由此介绍房间的陈设特点时，使用了空间顺序:“is covered with sports objects”是整个空间的宏观陈设特点。“has...on his walls”,“...hangs in one corner”,“... is in the other corner ”是对微观部分的陈设细节补充描述。符合人物设定，使得Juan这个角色更立体，贴近日常生活。除对房间陈设的描写外，“spends a lot of time in his room practicing”也将Juan热爱运动的特点体现地淋漓尽致。
结构语言——语言赏析（How）
be covered with, have...on his walls, hang in one corner，
in the other corner，spends a lot of time in his room practicing
同学们觉得这些词好在哪里呢？
还有哪些词你认为用得好呢？
One morning，hurried upstairs
赏析：②关于组织故事的发展情节，作者使用了顺叙的表达方式。“One morning”, 清晰地点出了故事的时间。所以整篇故事的时态采用了一般过去时。写作角度为第三人称。
③母亲发现Juan的异样之后，她hurried upstairs，体现了妈妈对孩子的关切。
同学们可以积累自己喜欢的单词、短语、句型，写作文的时候可以用哦~
be excited to, look forward to, What if
赏析:④球队给Juan的录取信中使用了“are excited to tell you”“looking forward to”充分表达了对他加入球队成为正式一员的渴望。同学们也可以学习书信的格式，如：开头称呼，落款方式，第一句写来信目的等。母亲安慰Juan时，用到了“What if...”对球队失去替补队员这一情况生动地展开假设性描述。让读者更容易代入场景，共情文中角色处境。
结构语言——长难句分析（How）
I don’t think all that practice you do has been for nothing.
译文：我不认为你所做的一切练习是无用的。（我不认为你所做的努力都付诸东流。）
all that...for nothing是think的宾语
宾语从句的主语
系动词
表语（意为：无用、无效）
提取此部分：you do修饰先行词practice ，是定语从句
03 阅读理解D
解题步骤
Step 1：浏览全文，掌握文章内容、结构、设空位置
设空位置 段首 段中 段尾
1 3 1
共5空
Step 2：分析选项
A. There is no “I ” in the word “teamwork”.
B. They made everything look so easy.
C. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
D. Practice will begin in two weeks.
E. Juan thought it over.
A.在“团队合作”一词中没有“我”这个字母。
主语：代词“他们”
主语：代词“他”
主语：训练
主语：Juan
话题：团队合作
B.他们让一切看起来都很容易。
C.无论他做什么，他都想成为第一名。
D.训练将在两周后开始。
E.胡安仔细想了想。
语境推断/上下文关系
与训练相关，看选项
可推断出1.___C、D备选
A. There is no “I” in the word “teamwork”.
B. They made everything look so easy.
C. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
D. Practice will begin in two weeks.
E. Juan thought it over.
Step 3：关注信息段、比对备选项，选择答案
①Juan loves playing sports. His bedroom is covered with sports objects. He has posters, team flags, and caps on the walls. A small basketball hoop(篮框) hangs in one corner. A box for all his sports equipment(装备)is in the other corner. Juan spends a lot of time in his room practicing. 1.______
C、D
②One morning, Juan’s mother found there was something wrong with Juan. So she hurried upstairs to Juan’s room. Juan sat in his bedroom sadly. His eyes were red.
③“Are you sick ” his mother asked.
④Juan just shook his head. Then he handed his mother a letter. Mother took the letter and began to read.
Dear Juan,
We are excited to tell you that you have been chosen to play on our team. You will be a backup quarterback(替补四分卫) for the “Little Rams” youth football team. 2.______We are looking forward to working with you.
Sincerely,
Coach Harvey
A. There is no “I” in the word “teamwork”.
B. They made everything look so easy.
C. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
D. Practice will begin in two weeks.
E. Juan thought it over.
语境推断/上下文关系
与球队对Juan做的具体规划相关，看选项
对训练时间的描述更具体；2.___当选D
上题1.___
当选C
D
A. There is no “I” in the word “teamwork”.
B. They made everything look so easy.
C. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
D. Practice will begin in two weeks.
E. Juan thought it over.
语境推断/同畴词复现
提及“team”
看选项A
强调团队合作的重要性，3.___当选A
⑤Juan’s mother thought for while and then said, “You have been given a chance to join a great team. Every member of the team is important. 3.______ To be truly great you have to learn to play each role you are given. Without a backup quarterback, the whole team is in trouble. What if the starting quarterback is unable to play Everybody on the team will be depending on you to do your job. The choice is yours. I don’t think all that practice you do has been for nothing.”
A
⑥4.______. He looked around his room. He saw all his favorite sports stars. 5.______He thought about what his mother had said. He knew what he would do. “I’m going to be the best backup quarterback the Little Rams have ever seen!” he said. “I won’t let anybody down!” Juan gave his mom a big hug. “Thanks, Mom!” he smiled.
下句主语是He, 看备选项B、E
E的主语Juan是单数第三人称，符合题意
复数第三人称
语境推断/上下文关系
A. There is no “I ”in the word“teamwork”.
B. They made everything look so easy.
C. He wants to be first at whatever he does.
D. Practice will begin in two weeks.
E. Juan thought it over.
同学们补齐5处答案后，进行Step 4: 代入复核
B
E
语境推断/上下文关系
总结回顾
Step 1：浏览全文，掌握文章内容、结构、___________
Step 2：分析______
Step 3：关注信息段、______________，选择答案
Step 4： 代入______
解题步骤
设空位置
比对备选项
选项
复核
微技能
上下文关系
结合与前/后文关系推断 1题、2题
明确人称代词和指示代词等指代的内容
4题：He ，5题: They
搜寻关键词
同畴词照应
3题：team teamwork
04 作文缩写
请同学们根据以下提示，缩写“每个角色都很重要”这篇文章。
关键词：
love, spend, first, a backup quarterback, letter, teamwork,
the best backup quarterback
词数：
100个左右
可以使用语篇研读部分的文章结构、要点表达、逻辑连接词语哦~
参考例文：
Each Role Matters!
①Juan loves playing sports very much and he spends a lot of time in his room practicing. He wants to be first in everything he does.
②One morning, Juan became very upset, because he was told that he had been chosen as a backup quarterback on the Little Rams in a letter from Coach Harvey. Juan’s mom found out the reason and had a conversation with Juan. After talking to his mom, Juan learned that each role on the team matters and success requires teamwork. In the end, Juan decided to try his best to be the best backup quarterback.