中考英语复习语法突破第三节数词 课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
考点解读
01
KAO DIAN JIE DU
满分突破
02
MAN FEN TU PO
真题链接
03
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
CONTENTS
目录
模拟突破
04
MO NI TU PO
考点解读
KAO DIAN JIE DU
PART ONE
01
第三节　数　词
新课程标准中,数词的考查包括基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。它们是互相对应的。如下表所示：
序号 基数词 序数词 序号 基数词 序数词
1 one 　　　　　 8 eight 　　　　　
2 two 　　　　　 9 nine 　　　　　
3 three 　　　　　 10 ten 　　　　　
4 four 　　　　　 11 eleven 　　　　　
5 five 　　　　　 12 twelve 　　　　　
6 six 　　　　　 13 thirteen 　　　　　
7 seven 　　　　　 14 twenty 　　　　　
基数词5年1考,序数词5年3考,基数词混搭5年1考。
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth　
eleventh
twelfth
thirteenth
twentieth
【巧记口诀】
找清规律很容易, 十二以内词名异；
十三数到十九去, 后加-teen莫忘记；
二十、三十至九十, 整十之后有-ty；
如果要说“几十几”, 中间“-”号别丢弃；
hundred是“一百”, 请你记住莫大意。
一、基数词
1. 基数词的构成
(1)1~12逐个记, 见上述表格。
(2)13~19：-teen结尾, 注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen。
(3)20~90：-ty结尾, 注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty。
(4)21~99：先说“十位” ,再说“个位” ,中间加连字符“-”。
如：23 → twenty-three, 34 → thirty-four, 45 → forty-five
(5)101~999先说“百位” ,再加and ,再加后两位数或末位数。
如：586 → five hundred and eighty-six, 803 → eight hundred and three
(6)1,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”。第一个“,” 前为thousand(千),第二个“,” 前为million(百万),第三个“,” 前为billion(十亿)。
如：①1,001 → ____________________________________________ 　
②18,423 →_______________________________________________ 　
③6,260,309 →___________________________________________
________________________________________________________ 　
④750,000,000,000 → ___________________________________ 　
one thousand and one
eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three
six million, two hundred and sixty thousand, three
hundred and nine　
seven hundred and fifty billion
(7)带小数点的读法。小数点读作point,小数点后的数字依次用基数词读出。
如：1.08读作one point zero eight　12.34读作twelve point three four
2. 基数词的用法
(1)表示时刻。
①表示整点。如8：00 a. m. 上午八点　读作：eight (o’clock) a. m. 或 eight (o’clock) in the morning
②表示非整点(顺读法,先时后分)。
如：8：20　eight twenty　　7：40　seven forty　　8：15　eight fifteen
以上时刻也可以读作(逆读法,先分后点) ：
8：20　twenty past eight　　7：40　twenty to eight　　
8：15　a quarter past eight
(2)表示加减乘除。
如：3+4=7　Three plus four is seven. 或Three and four is / equals seven.
7-3=4　Seven minus three is four. 或Three from seven is four.
3×4=12　Three multiplied by four is twelve. 或Three times four is twelve.
12÷3=4　Twelve divided by three is four. 或Three into twelve goes four.
(3)表示度量衡。
句型：主语+is+具体数词+meter(s)/kilo(s)+long/high/tall/deep/away/
wide …
注意：far不能与具体数量单位连用,但away可以。
如：①长江长6,300公里。The Changjiang River is _______________
__________.
②它离这里有16公里远。It is _________________________from here.
6,300 kilometers
long
16 kilometers (away)
二、序数词
1. 序数词的构成
基数词变序数词,词尾加上-th (fourth, sixth)；注意第一、二、三、五、八、九、十二的序数词分别为：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth；以y结尾的基数词变序数词, y变ie后加-th (twentieth)；若是碰到第几十几, 前面用基数词, 后面用序数词, 中间加个连字符, 如twenty-first。
【巧记口诀】一,二,三要全变(one — first；two — second；three — third)；
其余都加th, th里有例外, 8去t(eight — eighth), 9去e(nine — ninth)；
字母f代ve (five — fifth；twelve — twelfth)；ty变成tie(twenty — twentieth)；
若要变化几十几, 只变个位就可以(twenty-one — twenty-first)。
2. 序数词的用法
(1)序数词和冠词连用表示顺序。
如：The first truck is carrying a fruit basket. 第一辆卡车载着一个水果篮。
注意：下列几种情况不用冠词。
a. 序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用冠词。
如：This is Tony’s second visit to China. 这是托尼第二次访问中国。
汤姆是他们的第二个儿子。Tom is 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
their second son
b. 表示比赛或考试的名次时, 通常省略定冠词。
如：He was (the) second in the English exam. 在这次英语考试中他得了第二名。
c. 序数词被用作副词时不用冠词。
如：I have to finish my homework first. 我得先把作业完成好。
d. 在某些习语中不用冠词。
如：at first起初　　first of all首先　　at first sight乍一看
(2)年、月、日的表达法。如：2021年9月1日　1st September, 2021= September 1st, 2021
(3)和不定冠词连用表示“又一、再一”。
如：John failed twice, but he tried a third time. 约翰失败了两次, 但他又试了一次。
三、易错点突破
基数词和序数词的混合用法
1. 分数的表达法：母序子基。
(1)分子是1时,分母用序数词的单数形式。如：one fifth　1/5
(2)分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数形式。如：three fourths　3/4
(3)当分母是2和4时,分别可以用half和quarter代替。如：a half　1/2　three quarters　3/4
2. 表示年、月、日时,年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示。
如：in nineteen hundred　1900年　　in nineteen o five　1905年
October the first, nineteen forty-nine写作：__________________ 　
3. 基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号,用基数词时,名词和数词首字母都要大写。
如：Lesson One=the first lesson　第一课
October 1(st),1949
4. a+序数词(再一……,又一……)和the+序数词(第……)的区别。
如：I’ll see the movie a second time. (再看一次)
This is the second time I have seen the film. (第二次)
5. 百分数用percent表示,无复数形式。如：forty percent　40%
注意：分数和百分数修饰主语时,谓语动词的形式由分数和百分数 所修饰的名词的单复数决定。
如：Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees.
那个地区五分之二的土地被树木覆盖。
Two fifths of the girls in the class have finished their homework.
班上五分之二的女生已经完成了作业。
满分突破
MAN FEN TU PO
PART TWO
02
数词在语法选择和短文填空中考查得比较少, 一般考查hundred, thousand, million等词的用法, 即具体数字和概数的表达,或是 for the first time, the first +n. 等用法。如：
1.
(2023·广东中考·72题)Imagine that you travel back to 　　　　　of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably.
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　popular　habit　hundred
hundreds
2. (2022·深圳中考·43题)Before Lang Lang played the ____________　　　　(three) piece, his fingers became a little cold, but he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.
third
3. At the end of every growing season, 　　　　 potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for market.
A. thousand with　 B. thousands with　
C. thousand of　 D. thousands of
D
真题链接
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
PART THREE
03
(　　)1. It is the 　　　　time for him to take part in this kind of game. (2023·西藏自治区)
A. one　　 B. two　　 　　 C. three D. third
(　　)2. — What’s thirty and ten？
— It’s 　　　　. (2023·威武市)
A. forty　　 B. fifty　 C. seventy　 D. eighty
D
A
(　　)3. There are 　　　　 people in the picture, and the　　　
　　　　 one from the left is me.
(2022·百色市)
A. eight； third　　 B. eight； three　　
C. eighth； third　　 D. eighth；three
A
(　　)4. About 　　　　of my classmates help their parents to do housework on weekends.
(2022·郴州市)
A. two fifths B. second five C. second fifths
A
(　　)5. — People in our town planted 　　　　trees on Tree Planting Day.
— Good job！ Everyone can do something to make our town greener. (2022·宿迁市)
A. hundred　 B. hundred of　
C. hundreds　　　 D. hundreds of
D
(　　)6. My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　and she still loves her job now.
(2022·绥化市)
A. twenties　 B. twentieth　 C. twenty
A
(　　)7. — It’s Mom’s 　　　　birthday next Wednesday. What should we do？
— What about buying her 　　　　flowers to show our love？ (2022·朝阳市)
A. forty； forty B. forty； fortieth　　
C. fortieth； forty　　 D. fortieth； fortieth
C
(　　)8. — China is a great country with a history of about five 　　　　years.
— Yes. And 　　　　of foreigners come to visit it every year. (2021·滨州市)
A. thousand； thousand　 B. thousands； thousands
C. thousand； thousands　 D. thousands； thousand
C
(　　)9. My aunt has only one child, and she wants 　　　　child. (2021·恩施自治州改编)
A. the second　 B. a second　 C. two　 D. the two
B
(　　)10. — When was the Communist Party of China founded？
— In 1921. It was her 　　　　birthday in 2021. (2021·泸州市改编)
A. hundred　 B. hundredth　
C. hundreds of　 D. the hundredth
B
模拟突破
MO NI TU PO
PART FOUR
04
语法选择(2023·佛山市禅城区一模改编)
　The World Cup produces many football stars. Pele, the Brazilian football superstar and 　1　 only player in history to win three World Cups, died Thursday, December 29,2022.
Pele was born in a 　2　 city, and then he moved to the state of Sao Paulo when he was four. There he often kicked a paper ball around. 　3　,when he was eleven, a local player brought him to the local 　4　 club for the young. It didn’t take long for him 　5　 the senior (高水平的) group.
　He 　6　 to the world at 17 at the 1958 World Cup — the youngest player ever at the game. Pele played more than one 　7　 matches for the Brazilian national team with a record of 95 goals (进球得分). He joined a team in North America in 1975. There, Pele led 　8　 team to the top. 　9　 he stopped playing football in 1977,Pele spent time as an ambassador (大使). He also 　10　 roles in movies and TV shows and sang in music bands.
(　　)1. A. a B. an　　 C. the
(　　)2. A. small B. smaller　　 C. smallest
(　　)3. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily
(　　)4. A. football　　 B. football’s C. footballs
(　　)5. A. join B. to join C. joining
(　　)6. A. introduces B. introduced C. was introduced
(　　)7. A. hundred　 B. hundreds　　 C. hundreds of
(　　)8. A. he B. his　　 C. him
(　　)9. A. After B. Until C. If
(　　)10. A. play B. plays C. played
C
A
C
A
B
C
A
B
A
C