中考英语复习语法突破第十六节定语从句 课件(共25张PPT)

(共25张PPT)
考点解读
01
KAO DIAN JIE DU
满分突破
02
MAN FEN TU PO
真题链接
03
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
CONTENTS
目录
模拟突破
04
MO NI TU PO
考点解读
KAO DIAN JIE DU
PART ONE
01
第十六节　定语从句
新课程标准对定语从句的考查要求是：能辨认出由that, which和who引导的限定性定语从句,并且能够理解句子的意思。定语从句主要考查定语从句关系代词which(5年1考)、that(5年3考,其中2年考特殊用法)和who(5年3考)的用法。
在句中充当定语成分的从句叫定语从句。定语从句起到了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫作先行词,引导定语从句的词叫引导词,它的作用如下：一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用；二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
一、关系代词的用法
关系词 引导词 先行词 在从句中的成分 例句
关　系　代　词 that 人/物 主语 1. 飞机是会飞的机器。
A plane is a machine .
宾语(可省略) 2. 她是我最想见到的流行音乐歌星。
She is the pop singer most.
which 物 宾语 3. 这张关于那场意外的图片太恐怖了。
The picture ________________________________
was too terrible.
主语 4. 我给你的那本书要10块钱的。
The book costs ￥10.
who 人 主语 5. 我有个朋友唱歌唱得很好。
I have a friend .
宾语 6. 你认识那个他们很喜欢的人吗？
Do you know the person ？
that can fly
(that / who)I want to see
which / that was about the accident
(which / that)I gave you
who / that sings very well
who / that they like very much
二、易错点突破
1. 当引导词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
2. 当引导词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数要根据先行词而定。如：
(1)来自湖南的学生都很优秀。The students_____________________ are excellent.
(2)那本鲁迅写的书在书架上。The book________________________
is on the bookshelf.
who are from Hunan
which was written by Lu Xun
3. 引导词只能用that的情况(中考高频考点)：
① 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时,如：
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
② 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？　你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
③先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,如：
This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
④ 先行词里同时含有人或物时,如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
4. 引导词只能用who的情况：
先行词是one, anyone, everyone, all, none(指人)等时,引导词只能用who。如：
One who does not work hard will never succeed. 不努力工作的人永远不会成功。
5. 关系代词前有介词时,用which,而不用that。如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
满分突破
MAN FEN TU PO
PART TWO
02
在语法选择和短文填空中,定语从句的考查只需要掌握关系代词的基本用法。一般而言,who指人,which指物,that可以指人或物,根据先行词的性质便可以推断出关系代词。
一、定语从句在语法选择中的考查
1. (2023·广州白云区一模)Amy agreed, so the two of them found the magazine 　　　　told them how to make a terrarium (生态缸) and showed it to their mother.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
C
2. (2023·广州从化区一模)She was that kind woman 　　　　planted the first seed of kindness in me.
A. who　 B. which C. whose D. whom
3. And surprisingly, he met those people 　　　　helped him before.
A. which　　 B. who　　 C when
A
B
4. (2023·广州越秀区一模)He was already diagnosed with a brain tumor 　　　　was considered to be one of the most serious cancers.
A. who B. whose C. which D. what
C
二、定语从句在短文填空中的考查
1. (2023·珠海市三模)The best thing 　　　　you can do is to keep the doors and windows locked when you are inside.
2. (2023·佛山市二模)The Canadian study shows that after one year of musical training, children did better on a memory test than those
　　　　 didn’t take music lessons.
that
who
真题链接
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
PART THREE
03
(　　)1. He showed me the photos 　　　　he took at his graduation ceremony.
(2023·成都市)
A. that B. who C. what
(　　)2. I will remember the important people 　　　　helped and supported me in my life.
(2023·十堰市)
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
A
D
(　　)3. Lots of Chinese young people 　　　　were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time. (2023·新疆维吾尔自治区)
A. that B. those C. which D. /
(　　)4. The students are reading books 　　　　are full of the “red spirit” these days.
(2023·吉林省)
A. who B. where C. which
A
C
(　　)5. — What can we do for the left-home children 　　　　need help？
— We could help them with their study online on weekends. (2023·黑龙江省)
A. which B. who C. whom
B
(　　)6. Mrs. Wang is an English teacher 　　　　makes her class lively. (2023·绥化市)
A. which B. whose C. who
(　　)7. Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer 　　　　is popular around the world.
(2023·乐山市)
A. which B. whom C. who
C
C
(　　)8. Today’s China is a country 　　　　keeps to this national character. (2023·株洲市)
A. what B. who C. that
(　　)9. Tea is the leaf of a plant 　　　　grows widely in China, Japan and other countries.
(2023·郴州市)
A. what　 B. who C. that
C
C
(　　)10. — The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books 　　　　I have ever read.
— Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to 　　　　it again.
(2023·达州市)
A. that； reading B. which； to read C. that； to read
A
模拟突破
MO NI TU PO
PART FOUR
04
语法选择
　My father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. 　1　 together, he always told me, “You should have goals like climbing the mountain. ” Without the mountain-climbing 　2　 we both enjoyed, we couldn’t have enough time to spend together. I 　3　 got a lot from mountain-climbing.
Once we climbed a very 　4　 mountain. It was so challenging for me 　5　 I was only ten years old. During 　6　 first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, the birds’ singing, but as time 　7　,I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to give up. But my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you 　8　 see it before you reach the top, just like in life. ”
At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later, I get new hope and 　9　. I found 　10　 standing at the top of the sky, which was as clear as crystal (水晶).
(　　)1. A. Walking B. Walk C. Walked
(　　)2. A. that B. what C. who
(　　)3. A. real B. reality C. really
(　　)4. A. higher B. highest C. high
(　　)5. A. because B. if C. but
(　　)6. A. a B. an C. the
(　　)7. A. passed B. passes C. was passing
(　　)8. A. couldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t
(　　)9. A. confident B. confidence C. confidently
(　　)10. A. I B. mine C. myself
A
A
C
C
A
C
A
B
B
C