中考英语复习语法突破第十五节宾语从句课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
考点解读
01
KAO DIAN JIE DU
满分突破
02
MAN FEN TU PO
真题链接
03
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
CONTENTS
目录
模拟突破
04
MO NI TU PO
考点解读
KAO DIAN JIE DU
PART ONE
01
第十五节　宾语从句
宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句是中考必考考点(每年必考1分),主要考查宾语从句的时态(5年2考)、语序(5年3考)及引导词(5年4考,特殊疑问词为高频考点)。针对宾语从句试题,掌握三点拿分秘诀：
1. 排除非陈述句语序；2. 判断时态；3. 选择引导词。
一、宾语从句
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。
引导词 1. that(没有实际意义,可省略)
注意：(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时,引导词that不可省略
(2)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, believe等
(3)许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语 (1)我希望他会成功。
I hope 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
She says that that is a lovely cat.
她说那是一只可爱的猫。
I find it necessary that we should finish the homework on time. 我认为准时完成作业很有必要。
(that) he will succeed
引导词 2. if, whether“是否”, 不做句子成分, 不可省略
注意：(1)当从句中含有or not时,用whether引导,构成whether…or not结构
(2)在不定式前只能用whether (2)我想知道他是否住在那里。
I want to know 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(3)他问我是否能够帮助他。
He asked me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　or not.
I don’t know whether to go. 我不知道是否要去。
3. 常见的特殊疑问词：(1)连接代词what/which/who/whom/whose(在句中做主语、宾语、定语等)
(2)连接副词when/where/why/how等(在句中做状语)
(3)常用于这种结构的动词：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide等 (4)他问谁的书法最好。
He asked .
(5)我不知道为什么火车迟了。
I don’t know .
Can you tell me whom you are waiting for？
你能告诉我你在等谁吗？
I wonder what you need.
我想知道你需要什么。
if / whether he lives there
whether I could help him
whose handwriting was the best
why the train was late
语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”
I don’t know where(引导词) she(主语)　 　 lives (谓语).
　　　　　　　　　　 (6)你能告诉我怎样去动物园吗？
Can you tell me _____________________
？
(7)请告诉我,我们什么时候开会。
Please tell me _______________________
.
how I can get to the zoo
when we will have a meeting
时态 1. 如果主句的时态是现在时态,从句的时态由句意决定
注意：主句出现Could you tell me表示的是问对方的委婉语气(一般现在时),并非过去时 (8)这男孩不知道他的母亲来看过他。
The boy doesn’t know .
(9)你能告诉我你打算去哪里吗？
Could you tell me ？
(10)我不知道会议在哪里开。
I don’t know .
2. 如果主句的时态是过去时态,从句只能用相应的过去时态,包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时和过去完成时 (11)他告诉我他正在准备校运会。
He told me that 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　the sports meeting.
(12)他问你是否已经写了信给彼得了。
He asked 　 Peter.
(13)他们想知道下周一是否会进行英语测验。
They wondered ________________________________________________　
next Monday.
3. 如果从句所陈述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象时,其时态常用一般现在时 (14)我们的老师说一月份是全年的第一个月。
Our teacher said .
(15)科学家证明了地球是绕着太阳转的。
Scientists proved .
(that)his mother came to see him
where you are going
where the meeting will be held
he was getting ready for
if / whether you had written to
if / whether they would have an English exam
(that)January is the first month of the year
(that)the earth goes around the sun
二、易错点突破
(一) 直接引语变间接引语
1. 句型的变化
(1)陈述句变成that引导的宾语从句。
如：He says, “I will go to the USA on Friday. ”
变成：He says 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　.
(that) he will go to the USA on Friday
(2)一般疑问句变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
如：The teacher asked me, “Have you finished your homework？”
变成：The teacher asked me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(3)特殊疑问句变成由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
如：He asked the boy, “Where do you live？”
变成：He asked the boy 　　　　　　　　　　.
if / whether I had finished my homework
where he lived
(4)祈使句变成由不定式充当宾语补足语。
如：He said to us, “Don’t touch anything here. ”
变成：He told us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
not to touch anything there
2. 时态、人称等的变化
时态的变化与上述宾语从句的时态要求相同,另外还要根据情景进行人称、状语等的变化。如this改为that, these改为those, here改为there, now改为then, today改为that day, two years ago改为two years before, next year改为the next year, come改为go, bring改为take等。
如：He says, “You can come to my house today. ”
变成：He says 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
(that)I / we can go to his house that day
(二)宾语从句难点
1. 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know, ask, tell, show, teach, remember, forget时,宾语从句可转化为含有不定式的简单句,即“引导词+to+动词原形+其他”。
(1)I didn’t know how I could do it. =I didn’t know 　　　　　　　.
(2)Mike didn’t decide what he would buy. =Mike didn’t decide
　　　　　　　　　　　　.
how to do it
what to buy
2. 宾语从句的否定转移(否定前置)：当主句的主语是第一人称,且谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等时,如果宾语从句是否定意义,否定词要移到主句的谓语动词之前。
(1)我认为他不对。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2)我相信他们还没有完成工作。
　　　　　　　 　　　　　.
I don’t think he is right
I don’t believe they have finished the work
3. 有些疑问词作句子主语,问句本身是陈述语序,在变成宾语从句时,语序无变化。
如：Do you know what is happening over there？
I want to know 　　 　　　　　　　　(你怎么了).
what’s wrong / the matter with you
4. if和when既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,假如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：
(1)— Do you know when he will come back tomorrow？　你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？
— Sorry, I don’t know. When he comes back, I’ll tell you. 对不起,我不知道。等他回来了,我就告诉你。
(2)— I don’t know 　　　　　　　　　　. 我不知道他是否会来。
— He will come 　　　　　　　　　　. 如果不下雨,他会来的。
if he will come
if it doesn’t rain
满分突破
MAN FEN TU PO
PART TWO
02
一、宾语从句在语法选择中的考查
在语法选择中,宾语从句主要考查疑问词的选择以及时态和语序。
1. (2022·广州中考·7题)He wanted to make sure I knew 　　　　to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt.
A. where B. what C. how D. why
C
2. (2021·广东中考·32题)Guess how long 　　　　. It is 516 meters — over five football fields long.
A. it is　 B. is it　 C. it was　 D. was it
3. (2020·广东中考·40题)“Judie, can you tell me 　　　　you like butterflies？” asked her dad. Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom！”
A. why　 B. which　 C. what　 D. when
A
A
4. (2023·汕头一模)But then I remembered 　　　　my parents had told me, “Whatever you do, don’t stop half way. ” So I sat down and went on with it.
A. how B. where C. what
5. (2023·江门一模)Mr. Daves says 　　　　he is still enjoying life now because of John.
A. which　 B. who　 C. that
C
C
二、宾语从句在短文填空中的考查
在短文填空中,宾语从句的考查主要是侧重疑问词的使用,可根据上下文的意思推断出来。
1. “We were tired, but we gained a pared with hanging out, such social practice makes us learn 　　 　　difficult it is to make money,” said Wang Wen, who came up with this idea.
how
2.
(2023·广东中考·67)Can you guess 　　　 　it is？
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　popular　habit　hundred
what
3. (2023·佛山禅城区一模)Since 1983,the Spring Festival Gala (春晚) has been the world’s most popular TV program. No matter where you are, join us for the Gala of the year and see 　　 　　China celebrates this important cultural event.
4. (2023·广东二模)Nobody knows 　　 　　will happen in the future.
how
what
真题链接
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
PART THREE
03
(　　)1. — I want to know 　　　　.
— Friendly and honest people. (2023·十堰市)
A. when you will meet your friends
B. how you make your friends happy
C. where you spend weekends with friends
D. what kind of people you want to make friends with
D
(　　)2. — Bob, could you tell me 　　　　？
— Of course. Every day. (2023·青岛市)
A. when the teacher will come B. why you keep a diary
C. how long you slept last night D. how often you exercise
D
(　　)3. — Do you know 　　　　？
— Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store. (2023·白银市)
A. whom he is talking with B. when I can get to the hotel
C. how to use the machine D. if there’s a restroom around here
D
(　　)4. — Could you please tell me 　　　　？
— It’s on the second floor. (2023·丹东市)
A. why you were late B. where the restroom is
C. when the shop opens D. how the weather will be tomorrow
B
(　　)5. — Amy, I wonder 　　　　in the street when I come to pick you up.
— Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.
(2023·锦州市)
A. who I can go with B. how I can find your house
C. why I can’t take the bus D. when I should arrive at your house
B
(　　)6. — I wonder 　　　　.
— My best friend James. (2023·宿迁市)
A. how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B. how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C. who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D. who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
D
(　　)7. — I wonder 　　　　this evening.
— What about the Sports Center？ It’s big and clean. (2023·长春市)
A. where we can play basketball B. when we can play basketball
C. when can we play basketball D. where can we play basketball
A
(　　)8. If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing 　　　　can’t be achieved.
(2023·牡丹江市)
A. who B. that C. whom
B
(　　)9. — Excuse me, could you tell me 　　　　？
— At 7 o’clock in the evening. (2023·广西壮族自治区)
A. when the concert will start
B. where we can buy concert tickets
C. who will sing songs at the concert
A
(　　)10. — Would you please tell me 　　　　？
— By keeping a diary every day. (2023·福建省)
A. why you want to study English
B. who you often speak English with
C. how you improve your English writing
C
模拟突破
MO NI TU PO
PART FOUR
04
语法填空(2023·河源市一模改编)
　It was a terrible day during my holiday in California. I still remember that day when I stopped by Mrs. Nolan’s house. She asked me 　1　 I would mind taking her dog Buster out for a walk. A few minutes later, Buster and I were jogging 　2　 toward the park. A big black dog suddenly appeared out of nowhere. The big dog attacked Buster and tried 　3　 Buster’s neck. The two dogs were biting each 　4　. I was too scared to cry out for help. Thank goodness someone showed up just then. A boy about my age pulled the black dog off Buster. The black dog 　5　 to him. He said he was really sorry and left with his dog.
　Poor Buster 　6　 badly. I told Mrs. Nolan 　7　 had happened. Then Mrs. Nolan and I drove Buster right over 　8　 an animal hospital. Luckily, the doctor said Buster would be fine in a few 　9　. I still felt it was my fault. Then I said sorry to Mrs. Nolan for it. However, she hugged and comforted me for the accident. Her kind words made me feel much 　10　. Because of her kindness, I felt a lot lighter and kept a tolerant (宽容的) heart in the rest of my life from then on.
(　　)1. A. that B. if　 C. where
(　　)2. A. happy B. happily C. happiness
(　　)3. A. bite B. to biting C. to bite
(　　)4. A. another B. others C. other
(　　)5. A. belonged B. has belonged C. belongs
(　　)6. A. hurts B. was hurt C. hurt
(　　)7. A. what B. whether C. when
(　　)8. A. of B. with C. to
(　　)9. A. days B. day C. day’s
(　　)10. A. good B. better C. the best
B
B
C
C
A
B
A
C
A
B