兰州市第五十五中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学测试
英 语 答案
第一部分：
第一节：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
1-3 AA 4-7 DACB 8-11 DCBA 12-15 ACCD
第二节：七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）16-20 FAEBC
第二部分：语言应用
第一节：完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
21-25 ADDBC 26-30 ABDCB 31-35 DABCB
第二节：语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
36. longer 37. to see 38. dying 39. is 40. than 41. that/which 42. causes 43. strengthen 44. energetic 45. it/running
五．写作（20分）参考范文：
Good morning! My name is Li Hua. It’s an honor to be here to give a speech about how to live a healthy lifestyle.
As we all know, a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in our daily life. Firstly, we are supposed to have a balanced diet and play sports regularly to keep physically healthy. Besides, we should take a positive attitude towards people around us so that we can keep mentally healthy. In addition, I strongly recommend that we should never sit too long in front of a computer because it is bad for our health.
I hope all of us can live healthily and happily.
Thank you!兰州市第五十五中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学测试
英语
第一部分：
第一节：阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
After-hours Events in 2021
Join us after hours for a special programme of unique events throughout 2021 at Shakespeare’s Birthplace. When the crowds have left and our beautiful buildings are quiet, we invite you to try something different.
The Art of Design with Lee Lapthorne—9 September
Join artist Lee Lapthorne for a private evening when he will show two pieces of furniture inspired by our collections and discuss his process of reinventing pieces of furniture to create something new.
Venue(举办地点): The Shakespeare Centre
Poetry with Punch—8 October
Come and meet Matt Windle, the “Poet with Punch” and Birmingham’s Poet Laureate 2016—2018 for a unique workshop, full of tips and advice to help you get your poetry moving. Suitable for beginners, this workshop will get you thinking about taking the next steps to create writing!
Tickets: 10 per adult
Venue: The Shakespeare Centre
Over Throne—9 November
The frequent changing of rulers is nothing new. Join us for an evening of performance and discussion as we take a look at the bad rulers that were overthrown in Shakespeare’s plays. This is hosted by our Senior Lecturer in Shakespeare Studies, Dr. Anjna Chouhan.
Tickets: 10 per adult
Venue: The Shakespeare Centre
Herbs for Health—12 December
Growing in the Hall’s Croft garden are the secret recipes to natural good health. Find out more about the medicine used by the Tudors that still influences our well-being(康乐) today. Using herbs and sharing recipes, you will learn the theories behind natural medicine. Reserve your spot before availability.
Tickets: 10 per adult
Venue: Hall’s Croft
When can you see the reinvented furniture
A. On 9 September. B. On 8 October. C. On 9 November. D. On 12 December.
2. What can you do if you attend the event hosted by Chouhan
A. Enjoy a performance. B. Learn to be a lecturer.
C. Visit the Hall’s Croft garden. D. Perform in Shakespeare’s plays.
3. Which event do you need to book in advance
A. Poetry with Punch. B. Herbs for Health.
C. Over Throne. D. The Art of Design with Lee Lapthorne.
B
A new study by Chinese researchers has found differences in the brain activity of men and women addicted to Internet gaming.
The study says addicted men have lower impulse control compared with women, indicating that men are more likely to become addicted to Internet gaming.
Researchers from Renji Hospital, which is connected with Shanghai Jiaotong University, recruited 107 Chinese participants for the study, which had two groups—one with 32 men and 23 women addicted to gaming, and the other with 30 men and 22 women who were not addicted.
They completed a questionnaire for gaming addiction, and reported their gaming history and number of hours playing per week. Researchers also talked with their families to collect the information.
Through FMRI(功能性磁共振成像), researchers found that men addicted to gaming had lower brain activity in the brain region associated with impulse control, than non-addicted men. The lower the activity levels, the poorer the impulse control. Addicted women, however, showed no difference compared with the healthy female group.
Researchers also studied the functional connectivity between brain regions, which were lower in men with addiction than in non-addicted men, but showed no difference in the female groups.
Although there are some limitations, the findings suggest that activity levels displayed in the brain region could be biomarkers to evaluate the behavioral inhibitions of gaming-addicted men, they say.
Gaming disorder was listed as a mental disorder by the World Health Organization earlier this year. People with the disorder have impaired control over gaming and give it increased priority in their lives—to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities.
4. By FMRI scanning, researchers found .
A. addicted men have higher brain activities
B. addicted women have lower impulse control
C. addicted men are the same with non-addicted ones
D. addicted women have no difference with non-addicted ones
5. In the last paragraph, the author wants to show .
A. gaming disorder will influence our daily life
B. gaming disorder will play an active part in our activities
C. gaming disorder is not difficult to control
D. gaming disorder will become a part of our life
6. What can we learn from the passage
A. Researchers from Renji Hospital did the research independently.
B. 53 men took part in the research.
C. Gaming disorder does harm to our lives.
D. The research has solved the problem completely.
7. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To explain the best way of getting rid of the Internet game addiction.
B. To show the latest brain research on differences between addicted men and women.
C. To describe Internet gaming’s harmful effects on men and women.
D. To advise on the special use of Internet gaming to men and women.
C
An American photographer is making copies of great artwork available for blind people and those with very poor eyesight. At least 285 million people worldwide are either blind or considered visually impaired(有缺陷的). They are unable to see or enjoy visual fine art.
Romeo Edmead lost his eyesight when he was only two years old. But that has not stopped him from living life to the fullest. He went to college and studied journalism. He now lives in New York. He depends heavily on his other senses. But he cannot experience the great works of art in New York City. He remembers a visit to an art collection with his grandmother. “We went to this museum and I just wandered off somewhere and I started touching something, and all of a sudden alarm went off. And a guard came running over, and my grandmother was all shamed.” Romeo is now able to use his fingers to feel art paintings. He can get an idea of the appearance by following the markings.
John Olson once worked as a photographer for LIFE magazine. He developed a printing process to make the art of Da Vinci and Van Gogh touchable for visually-impaired people. “I began to realize how significant images(影像) have been to me, and what they have allowed me to do. And it caused me to wonder what it was for the blind, not having access to images.” Olson’s company is called 3D Photoworks. It produces copies of artwork in three dimensions—height, width and depth. The whole process can take up to four weeks.
Thanks to new technology, 3D art may soon hang in art museums all over the world. It gives the visually-impaired the chance to experience the beauty of visual art.
8. What motivated John Olson to make 3D art for blind people
A. The benefit of his company. B. Romeo Edmead’s sufferings.
C. His appreciation to blind people. D. The importance of images to people.
9. What does the underlined word “dimension” mean
A. A period of time. B. The size of a situation.
C. A measurement in space. D. The way of doing things.
10. How will John Olson’s work influence the life of the blind
A. They are able to live their life to the fullest.
B. They can have the chance to feel the beauty of visual art.
C. They don’t need to depend heavily on their other senses.
D. They have free access to museums without any difficulty.
11. What can we learn from the passage
A. It takes a month or so to produce a 3D artwork.
B. 3D art is produced based on height and depth.
C. 3D art is displayed in art museums all over the world.
D. John Olson is rich for what he has done for the blind.
D
Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.
Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110 year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast food restaurant or under the trees—anywhere at all!
Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities, too.
At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”
12. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to .
A. use for their schoolwork B. access the Internet
C. work at home D. connect them to libraries
13. Which of the following is TRUE about Westlake College
A. All teachers use computers. B. 1,500 students have laptops.
C. It is an old college in America. D. Students there can do everything.
14. “A window on the world” in the last paragraph means that students can .
A. attend lectures on information technology B. travel around the world
C. get information from around the world D. have free laptops
15. What can we infer from the passage
A. The program is successful. B. The program is not workable.
C. The program is too expensive. D. We don’t know the result yet.
第二节：七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Most children now chat daily either online or through their mobile phones. 16 Some are shy in real life but are confident to communicate with others online; others find support from people of their own age on relationship issues, or problems at home.
Sometimes the online world, just like the real world, can cause problems, such as bullying(恃强凌弱) or arguments. 17 But there are also a few people who use the Internet for illegal aims. Children must be made aware of both the good things and the dangers.
18 Just as you decide which TV programs are suitable, you need to do the same for the websites and the chat rooms your children visit. Remind your children that online friends are still strangers. Reminding them of the risks will keep them alert(警惕的).
19 So it’s likely that your children may know more than you do. We get left behind when it comes to the latest gadgets and the interactive areas of websites, like chat rooms and message boards. 20 Chatters love to use abbreviations(缩略语) such as: atb (all the best), bbfn (bye bye for now), Idk (I don’t know), xlnt (excellent).
A. Going online is great fun.
B. Computer studies are part of schoolwork now.
C. The language of chat is strange to many parents, too.
D. There are some websites that are not suitable for the children.
E. To keep children safe, your management must cover the family computer.
F. They are connecting to a huge number of other children all over the world.
G. Surfing the Internet takes up too much of the time that should be spent on lessons.
第二部分：语言应用
第一节：完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My dad came to America from Greece at the very young age of fourteen. He 21 an average of fourteen hours per day, six to seven days a week, for over thirty five years.
Because of his 22 work, he owned many restaurants in New Jersey. He was proud of his achievements and what he could 23 for his family.
When I was graduating from college, Dad told me he decided to 24 the restaurants and retire. “If you are graduating, my 25 is over. I have educated my children and provided for all of you. I am going to 26 .”
“Great, but what will you do I 27 know you cooking in the kitchen and serving customers. I can’t imagine you doing anything else,” I said.
“I am going to play golf!” he 28.
“Golf You have never played golf. I never heard you mention golf,” I was 29 .
And then Dad began to play golf. He taught my brother and me the 30 and shared his interest with us. Dad would look at us and say, “If you live your life as you play the game of golf, you will be 31 .”
He repeated often, “When you get to the green, stay focused and hit straight down the fairway (平坦球道). Don’t think about anything else, and just know where you want to put the ball. Do this and you will 32 your goals.”
Dad wanted us to have 33 and to stay focused on them to achieve success. He also wanted us to 34 ourselves and take time to have fun with friends and family.
Dad retired at the age of fifty six and played golf every day until his death at the age of eighty six. What a 35 role model!
21. A. worked B. studied C. practiced D. ran
22. A. dangerous B. light C. poor D. hard
23. A. care B. find C. say D. provide
24. A. open B. sell C. manage D. decorate
25. A. plan B. doubt C. job D. hobby
26. A. retire B. travel C. leave D. cook
27. A. still B. only C. even D. never
28. A. suggested B. accepted C. agreed D. replied
29. A. excited B. ashamed C. shocked D. satisfied
310. A. direction B. game C. custom D. language
31. A. strong B. special C. normal D. fine
32. A. reach B. change C. refuse D. keep
33. A. memories B. goals C. problems D. families
34. A. trust B. organize C. enjoy D. count
35. A. terrible B. great C. strange D. simple
第二节：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每小题1.5分，共15分）
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years
36 (long) than non runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 37 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 38 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 39 (be) more effective at lengthening life 40 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 41 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 42 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 43 (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 44 (energy). If you don’t have enough time, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 45 a try.
五、写作（20分）
假定你是李华，你打算参加学校组织的一场以“How to live a healthy lifestyle”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1. 健康生活方式的重要性；
2. 如何养成健康的生活方式（至少两点）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning! My name is Li Hua.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
