2024年外研版中考英语话题复习 周围的人 讲义（含部分答案）

话题一个人情况、家庭、朋友与周围的人
《英语课程标准》中关于“个人情况”的子话题有：1.个人信息；2.家庭信息；3.学校信息；4.兴趣与爱好；5.工作与职业。
性格从全国来看，关于“个人情况”的相关话题主要从以下角度进行考查：
1．介绍自己的家庭情况；
2．介绍自己或他人的外貌、性格、爱好等；
3．介绍社会中的热点人物、著名人物或你心中的英雄；
4．讲述一件事或经历，表达自己的看法或感受；
5．感恩他人，如感恩父母、老师、朋友等(；
6．认识与评价，如每个人都有自己的独特之处；
人物介绍的基本框架：
1. 引入人物---引出人物---简要介绍基本信息如生平，教育，职业，兴趣等
2. 介绍人物经历及贡献---挑比较重要的事迹或成就等进行描写;
3. 人物社会评价及对作者的影响---人格，贡献，闪光点
注意：运用正确的时态。描写人物的外貌、性格、兴趣等常用一般现在时，而描写人物的出生地、教育背景、重要经历、事迹时常用一般过去时。
二、必备词汇与句型：
Para. 1（1）引入人物
The person I admire most is…
我最钦佩的人是钟南山，中国著名的医学家之一。
_____________________________________________________________
Of all the outstanding people, I admire…the most.
There are many respectable people around us. The one who I admire most is....
The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China.
（2）简单人物背景介绍 (出生日期/出生地+职业/兴趣)
①出生于：_____________
②酷爱；对……有强烈的兴趣：_____________________________
③在……方面有天赋：_____________________④从某大学毕业：________________
⑤When he was a boy, he (展示了对...的热情)maths.
⑥_______________(出生于) Shanghai, on September 12th, 1980, Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in China.
练一练：袁隆平1930年9月7日出生于重庆，刻苦学习，酷爱农业科学。
(用分词做状语)__________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
(2)(用定语从句)________________________________________________________
Para. 2介绍人物主要经历
1）重要短语
做……工作：______________________ 把……奉献给……：_______________________
坚定的决心：_______________________________
在……获得巨大的成功：____________________
使某人能够做某事：_____________________
练一练：
1._________________(从……毕业) Peking University in 1993, he _____________(做……工作) a teacher in Wuhan University.
2._____________________________________________ (有着很强的意志力和坚定的决心), Madame Curie_______________________________ (在……获得巨大的成功) discovering radium, which _____________________________(使她能够赢得) the Nobel Prize.
2）重要句型
1.After graduation from…., he/she spend most of his /her time in doing/on…
2.In order to ..., he made up his mind to do...
3.With strong will and great determination, he achieve the great success in...
4.Despite many difficulties, he/she managed to overcome them.
5.He/She put his/her heart into …and made great contributions to…
Para. 3人物评价及对作者的影响
高度评价________________________
做出巨大贡献：________________________ 被授予……：be awarded/called sth
作为……而闻名：__________________ 被尊称为___________________________
树立好榜样：_____________________值得我们崇拜和尊重：________________________
1. As a great...，he/she will be remembered by us forever.
2. It is his determination that inspires me to go on when I have difficulty in learning.
句式结构：It is+强调部分+that +剩下句子
3. Having set a great example for us, he is an excellent person who fully deserves our admiration and respect.
〖习例〗
假如你是李华，某英文报正在举办主题为“A person I admire most”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇有关著名科学家袁隆平的短文并投稿。
1. 概况：1930年9月7日出生于重庆，1953年毕业于西南农学院
(Southwest Agriculture College)等。
2. 事迹和成就：增加水稻产量，为许多国家解决了粮食不足的问题，被尊称为“杂交 水稻（Hybrid Rice）之父”，获得许多奖项等。
3. 评价和值得学习的地方。
A person I admire most
The person I admire most is Yuan Longping, one of the most famous scientists in China. Born in Chongqing, on September 7th, 1930, Yuan studied hard, showing great interest in agriculture.
He graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953. Yuan has devoted his life to researching on rice. With strong will and great determination, Yuan has achieved great success in increasing rice harvest, which solved the problem of the lack of food for many countries. As a result, he is honored and known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”, rewarded with many prizes for his great contributions to the world. Famous as he is, he leads a simple life and cares little for money and fame.
Having set a great example to us, Yuan is really an excellent scientist who fully deserves our admiration and respect.
亲爱的同学，恭喜你即将毕业。在过去的三年初中学习中，你的老师教导、关心、帮助过你。请你选择一位老师，表达你对他（她）的感激之情。
内容包括：
（1）你对这位老师的印象；
（2）你感谢他（她）的原因；
（3）你对他（她）的祝福。
参考范文： It's time for me to say goodbye to my junior school life. I'm here to say thanks to my English teacher. You are a helpful and kind person.（什么样的人）
I still remember when I began to learn English，I found it too difficult. No matter how hard I tried，I still couldn't do well in it. I lost my confidence and almost gave it up. As soon as you knew it，you had a long talk with me about how to learn English well. You always encouraged me whenever I made a little progress. Ever since then I have been interested in it and improved myself a lot. Though I have to say goodbye to you very soon，I still think I am so lucky to be your student. I hope you can relax yourself and keep healthy.（感谢的原因）
Thank you again for what you've done for us! All the best to you!（祝福）
一、语法选择。
The first time I saw Kai, she 1 in my front yard, holding my dog Harley in her arms．She had just moved into a small house nearby．I think she liked Harley's friendly personality, just as he liked 2 ．From the second I talked to her, I knew Kai would be 3 lifelong friend．Her smile made me feel 4 just being around her．Her face was always full of happiness.
It didn’t take long 5 Kai was beloved by all her new neighbors here．Every time we 6 her, she would kindly listen to all of our problems and then say something so wise that we would leave her home with our hearts singing．Sometimes I would read her my stories and she would always encourage me __7__ writing.
All of this time, though, Kai was 8 dying from cancer, she lived each day with such cheer that I often forgot just how ill she was．Still, she died __9__ a cold winter day with heavy snow falling down.
During the short time we had been together, I learned so much from Kai about __10__ to truly live．She taught us so many lessons about kindness, happiness, hope and cheer.
(　　)1．A．Sit 　 B．sits　 C．is sitting　 D．was sitting
(　　)2．A．she　 B．her　 C．hers　 D．herself
(　　)3．A．a　 B．an　 C．the　 D．/
(　　)4．A．good　 B．better　 C．best　 D．the best
(　　)5．A．before　 B．after　 C．since　 D．until
(　　)6．A．visit　 B．visits　 C．visited　 D．were visited
(　　)7．A．keep　 B．keeping　 C．kept　 D．to keep
(　　)8．A．slow　 B．slowly　 C．slower　 D．more slowly
(　　)9．A．on　 B．in　 C．at　 D．of
(　　)10．A．what　 B．how　 C．when　 D．Where
B
An old man lived with his little grandson. Every day ____6____ old man got up early to read books. His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried every way he could ____7____ him.
One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I want to read books as you do, ____8____ I don’t understand them, and I always forget what I read when I close the books. So what good is it for me to read ”
The grandfather ____9____ turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring ____10____ back a basket of water.”
The boy did ____11____ his grandpa said but all the water leaked (漏) out before he got back home.
The grandfather laughed and said, “You’ll have to walk faster next time.”
The next time the boy ran ____12____ than before but the basket was still empty before he return home. The boy said, “See, Grandpa, it’s impossible ____13____ this task!”
“Is it no use ” the old man said. “Look at the basket.”
The boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. Instead of a coal basket which is dirty and old, it was clean inside and out.
“My child, that’s what happens when you read the book. You ____14____ not understand or remember everything, but the words will change you inside and out. That is the ____15____ of reading in our lives.”
6. A. a B. an C. the
7. A. copy B. to copy C. copied
8. A. but B. or C. because
9. A. quiet B. quieter C. quietly
10. A. me B. myself C. mine
11. A. like B. as C. in
12. A. fast B. fastly C. faster
13. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing
14 A. might B. should C. must
15. A. mean B. meaning C. meaningful
完形填空
In the early days of our history，grandparents played an important role in helping mothers raise children. We heard dozens of 1 stories about the positive influence of grandmas around the world. Here is one of my favorites．
In the 2 of 2019，my then 88-year-old grandma came to visit one of her daughters，my aunt Rebecca，in Boston. I was studying in Boston for the whole spring and staying in my aunt’s house．
One Saturday，on the way to a supermarket，we stopped at a red light. I 3 my phone to check my WeChat messages. 4 I knew it，a heavy slap landed on my head!
“Don’t you know it’s 5 to text while driving ” Grandma said 6 ．
“But Grandma，I’m not driving!” I said as I 7 ，with stars still swirling in my head．
Aunt Rebecca was the one driving and I sat on the front passenger seat，on the right. Immediately I 8 Grandma mistakenly thought we were still in Uganda where the driver sits on the right. It’s on the 9 in the USA．
As soon as I 10 her，she said，“I’ve always told you not to be addicted to your phone! Can’t you talk to us more on weekend？”
She was always right. Since then，I’ve reduced my phone use on weekend.
（ ）1. A. boring B. touching C. strange D. favorite
（ ）2. A. spring B. summer C. middle D. morning
（ ）3. A. took up B. took away C. took off D. took out
（ ）4. A. When B. Before C. After D. Unless
（ ）5. A. normal B. unlucky C. dangerous D. great
（ ）6. A. angrily B. excitedly C. sadly D. peacefully
（ ）7. A. kept off B. set off C. turned around D. showed around
（ ）8. A. promised B. imagined C. described D. realized
（ ）9. A. right B. left C. front D. back
（ ）10. A. corrected B. understood C. satisfied D. refused
It was the school’s Talent Show, and it was the first time for Abby to perform(表演)with the band The Racket. Abby no longer felt ___16___ at all when singing during practices because she had got used to it and really loved it. However, the idea of ___17___ on the stage was making her head hurt. They had spent the last month working hard to perfect the songs, so that they could ___18___ a pretty good show.
Abby sat backstage and saw her bandmates cheering and high-fiving each other, but she knew how she felt: ___19___. She kept imagining walking onstage, opening her mouth to sing, but nothing would come out.
As the band members headed out onstage, Abby’s legs moved and carried her over to the microphone, but her ___20___ seemed to be flying somewhere. And before she even knew it, the first song was half done. It all came ___21___. Since Abby knew the song so well, she really didn’t have to think much about what she was doing. Suddenly she realized that she was ___22___ the moment. She just carried on like the audience wasn’t really there, and she felt no different than being at practice.
The most exciting part of the performance came during the song—“Let’s make a racket!” In the end, the ___23___ off the stage jumped to their feet and sang along with the band happily.
As the band ran offstage, the headmaster smiled at them and said, “I have a feeling I know who’s going to win the ___24___ for Audience Favorite this year.”
Abby wasn’t too worried about the prize, though. She knew she had already got something even better: the _____25_____ to perform on the stage.
16. A. annoyed B. impatient C. nervous D. tired
17. A. dancing B. singing C. speaking D. walking
18. A. put off B. put on C. put out D. put away
19. A. interested B. bored C. frightened D. excited
20. A. dance B. song C. idea D. mind
21. A. naturally B. slowly C. directly D. separately
22. A. enjoying B. celebrating C. facing D. missing
23. A. singers B. dancers C. team D. audience
24. A. name B. show C. prize D. turn
25. A. task B. chance C. confidence D. decision
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
ourselves two join Asia which woman gold among hard that improvement take
China sent a group of 1,329 members, including 886 players, for the Hangzhou 1 Games.
It took place in Hangzhou, east China’s Zhejiang Province, from September 23 to October 8. During the games, 437 2 players and 449 men players were in 407 events.
3 the Chinese players, who have an average age of 25, 36 are Olympic champions.
“I hope that people from all over the world can join us to enjoy Chinese culture in Hangzhou. Our gymnasts（体操队员）are getting ready to show 4 on the stage,” said Zou Jingyuan, an Olympic champion who got two 5 medals at the FISU World University Games Summer in Chengdu.
Bao Shanju, who won gold in the cycling track women’s team sprint at the Tokyo Olympic Games in 2021, said, “Our team 6 part in many international events this year to prepare for the Asian Games. We trained much 7 than before, and felt confident of achieving our best in Hangzhou.”
For former Olympic champion Lei Sheng, the journey to Hangzhou was the 8 time for him to take part in the Asian Games as a fencing coach（击剑教练）, after having competed in several Asian Games. “It is a different mind as a coach. I need to try my best to help the players 9 their skills and performances at international events,” He found 10 the Asian Games was a great chance to learn from athletes of other countries and gain experience.
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Drinking Kungfu Tea is one of the most famous customs in Chaoshan area. In Chaoshan, 1 family has tea sets. Tea must be 2 several times a day. Chaoshan people can not hardly live without tea for a day, 3 the first thing Chaoshan people usually treat guests is to make tea.
Kungfu Tea is not a kind tea. It’s a 4 to make tea. The reason 5 it is called Kungfu Tea is because it is made in a very particular way. The word “Kungfu” in Chaoshan dialect (方言) means to pay 6 to the way of doing things. Here it refers to the way of cooking and 7 tea. Chaoshan Kungfu Tea has 8 an important part of the study of Chaoshan culture. Drinking Kungfu Tea is a kind of social activity 9 people’s daily life, which leads to many customs.
It seems that there are so many cultures and emotions in a 10 cup of kungfu Tea. Chaoshan people enjoy as low pace of life. It’s really wonderful for them to make a cup of tea after a day’s work and taste it slowly.
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What comes to mind when you think of the Northern European country of Finland (芬兰)
Go bird watching
Finland is home to a huge 21 of birds. The country even has birds that are hard to find in Europe and other parts of the world. Finland, 22 other words, is a bird watcher’s paradise (天堂), 23 during the bird migration (迁徙) season, which happens in May in Southern Finland. Bird watching is popular in national parks and in the 24 parts of the countryside.
Go skiing (滑雪)
In Central Finland, which 25 more snow than other parts of the country, you’ll find 31 ski resorts (胜地). The longest slope (斜坡) is in Koli; it has a length of 1,050 meters. You can go downhill skiing at 26 time between late November and April.
If you want to try downhill skiing in Southern Finland, there is a 27 of 26 different ski resorts. The downhill skiing season here runs from December to early April.
Try ice fishing
When the frozen (结冰的) lakes in Finland are strong enough, you can almost 28 what Finns are going to do next: dress up for the cold weather, and sit by the mid-lakes to catch fish from the 29 water. When you’re in Finland during this period, and if you’re a fishing lover, make sure to join the Finns in this famous winter pastime. Finland has a lot of lakes, which means there are plenty of 30 where you ran ice