人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land重点词汇过关与检测拔高练（含答案）

专题 05
Unit 5 Working the Land
一 词汇背诵版
hybrid [ ha br d] n. 杂交植（动）物；合成物；混合动力车
devote [d v t] vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于
devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心
shortage [ t ] n. 不足；缺少；短缺
tackle [ t kl] vt. 解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理
crisis [ kra s s] n. （pl. crises) 危机；危急关头
boost [bu st] vt. n. 使增长；使兴旺;. 增长；提高；激励
yield [ji ld] n. vt. vi. 产量；产出;. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）;屈服；让步
convince [k n v ns] vt. 使相信；使确信；说服
characteristic [ k r kt r st k] n. adj. 特征；特点；品质;. 典型的；独特的
attain [ te n] vt. （通常经过努力）获得；得到
conventional [k n v n nl] adj. 传统的；习惯的
pollinate [ p l ne t] vt. 授粉；传粉
assumption [ s mp ( )n] n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权利的）获得
intense [ n t ns] adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
overcome [ v k m] vt. （overcame，overcome) 克服；解决；战胜
expand [ ks p nd] vt. ＆vi. 扩大；增加;. 扩展；发展（业务）
output [ a tp t] n. vt. 产量；输出；输出量;（output，output）输出
estimate [ st m t] vt. n. 估计；估价；估算;. 估计；估算
domestic [d m st k] adj. 本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
consumption [k n s m(p) n] n. 消耗；消耗量；消费
comprise [k m pra z] v.. 包括；包含；由……组成
be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成（或构成）
generate [ n re t] vt. 产生；引起
strain [stre n] n. （动、植物的）系；品种；拉伤；压力
ensure [ n ] n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲
deep down [di p da n] 在内心深处；本质上；实际上
soil [s l] n. 泥士；土壤；国土；领土
celebrity [s l br ti] n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流
envision [ n v n] vt. 展望；想象
sorghum [ s g m] n. 高梁；高梁米
broom [br m] n. 扫把；扫帚；金雀花
grain [gre n] n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒
vision [ v n] n. 想象；视力；视野；影像
reality [ri( ) l ti] n. 现实；实际情况；事实
salty [ s lti] adj. 含盐的；咸的
urban [ b n] adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的
bomb [b m] n. v. 炸弹;. 轰炸；对……投炸弹
tunnel [ t nl] n. 地下通道；地道；隧道
extension [ ks t n n] n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机
chemical [ k m k l] adj. n. 与化学有关的；化学的;. 化学制品；化学品
wheat [wi t] n. 小麦；小麦籽
flavor [ fle v ] n. 味道；特点；特色
fertilizer [ f t la z ] n. 肥
nutritional [nju( ) tr n( )l] adj. 营养（物）的
nutritious [nju( ) tr s] adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的
nutrition [nju( ) tr n] n. 营养；滋养
alleviate [ li v e t] vt. 减轻；缓解
poverty [ p v ti] n. 贫穷；贫困
organic [ g n k] adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的
pesticide [ p st sa d] n. 杀虫剂；除害药物
widespread [ wa dspr d] adj.. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
bacterium [b k t r m] n. 细菌
in turn [ n t n] 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
digest [ da st] vt. ＆vi n. 消化;. 领会；领悟;摘要；文摘
essential [ s n l] adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的
mineral [ m n r l] n. 矿物；矿物质
alternative [ l t n t v] n. adj. 可供选择的事物;. 可供替代的；非传统的
grocery [ gr s ri] n. 食品杂货店；[pl. ]食品杂货
instance [ nst ns] n. 例子；实例；事例
for instance [f r nst ns] 例如；比如
depth [d pθ] n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）
root [ru t] n. 根；根茎；根部；根源
entirely [ n ta li] adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地
aspect [ sp kt] n. 方面；层面
Vietnam [ vj t nɑ m] 越南（国家名）
LED abbr.（light-wmitting diode) 发光二极管
DDT n. 滴滴涕（旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂）
二 词汇默写版
n. 杂交植（动）物；合成物；混合动力车____________
vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于____________
把……用于；献身；致力；专心____________
n. 不足；缺少；短缺____________
vt. 解决（难题）；应付（局面）；处理____________
n. （pl. crises) 危机；危急关头____________
vt. n. 使增长；使兴旺;. 增长；提高；激励____________
n. vt. vi. 产量；产出;. 出产（作物）；产生（收益、效益等）;屈服；让步____________
vt. 使相信；使确信；说服____________
n. adj. 特征；特点；品质;. 典型的；独特的____________
vt. （通常经过努力）获得；得到____________
adj. 传统的；习惯的____________
vt. 授粉；传粉__________
n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权利的）获得____________
adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的____________
vt. （overcame，overcome) 克服；解决；战胜____________
vt. ＆vi. 扩大；增加;. 扩展；发展（业务）____________
n. vt. 产量；输出；输出量;（output，output）输出___________
vt. n. 估计；估价；估算;. 估计；估算____________
adj. 本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的____________
n. 消耗；消耗量；消费____________
v. 包括；包含；由……组成____________
包括；包含；由……组成（或构成）短语 ____________
vt. 产生；引起____________
n. （动、植物的）系；品种；拉伤；压 _____________
n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲 _____________
在内心深处；本质上；实际上 _____________
n. 泥士；土壤；国土；领土 _____________
n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流 _____________
vt. 展望；想象 _____________
n. 高梁；高梁米 _____________
n. 扫把；扫帚；金雀花 _____________
n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒 _____________
n. 想象；视力；视野； _____________
n. 现实；实际情况；事实 _____________
adj. 含盐的；咸的 _____________
adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的 _____________
n. v. 炸弹;. 轰炸；对……投炸弹 _____________
n. 地下通道；地道；隧道 _____________
n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 _____________
adj. n. 与化学有关的；化学的;. 化学制品；化学品 _____________
n. 小麦；小麦籽 _____________
n. 味道；特点；特色 _____________
n. 肥 _____________
adj. 营养（物）的 _____________
adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 _____________
n. 营养；滋养 _____________
vt. 减轻；缓 _____________
n. 贫穷；贫困 _____________
adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 _____________
n. 杀虫剂；除害药物 _____________
adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 _____________
n. 细菌 _____________
相应地；转而；依次；轮流 _____________
vt. ＆vi n. 消化;. 领会；领悟;摘要；文摘 _____________
adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 _____________
n. 矿物；矿物质 _____________
n. adj. 可供选择的事物;. 可供替代的；非传统的 _____________
n. 食品杂货店；[pl. ]食品杂货 _____________
n. 例子；实例；事例 _____________
例如；比如 _____________
n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度） _____________
n. 根；根茎；根部；根源 _____________
adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 _____________
n. 方面；层面 _____________
越南（国家名） _____________
发光二极管 _____________
n. 滴滴涕（旧时尤用作农业杀虫剂） _____________
三 词汇加强练
The original intention was to ___________(致力于) three months to the project.
The farm has changed over to ____________(有机的) methods.
___________(例如), take a number from the Arabic numeral system, such as 9.
You run into the ____________(杂货店) store to pick up one bottle of water.
None of our early ancestors could ____________(消化) milk as adults because their bodies never had to.
It's hopeless trying to ____________ (使信服) her.
Religion informs every ____________ (方面) of their lives.
答案：1. devote 2. organic 3. For instance 4. grocery 5. digest 6. convince 7. aspect
四 单句语法填空
In November the temperatures drop and the days __________(short).
People would benefit __________(great) from a pollution-free vehicle.
It is hard__________(estimate) how many children suffer from dyslexia(阅读困难症)
Domestic violence is a regular __________(occur) in some families.
But the more fundamental question is what happens __________(domestic).
Gas and oil __________(consume) always increases in cold weather.
The downside of my celebrity is that I cannot go anywhere in the world without _________(recognize).
Despite the recession the company is confident of further__________(expand).
According to recent study, taking antioxidants (抗氧化物质）rich food demonstrates significant effect for anti-fatigue and stress __________(alleviate).
Keep your __________(digest) working well by eating plenty of fibre.
【答案】shorten
【解析】十一月气温下降，白天变短。动词，变短，shorten。
【答案】greatly
【解析】人们将极大地受益于无污染汽车。副词修饰动词，极大地，greatly
【答案】to estimate
【解析】很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难。It’s + 形容词 + to do... ，to estimate
【答案】occurrence
【解析】在某些家庭中，家庭暴力是常事。名词，发生，发生的事，occurrence
【答案】domestically
【解析】但最根本的问题是国内所发生的事情。副词修饰整个句子，domestically
【答案】consumption
【解析】燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。名词，消耗量，consumption
【答案】being recognized
【解析】我的名声带来的不好之处就是，我去世界任何地方都会被认出来。动词-ing形式的被动式，being recognized
【答案】expansion
【解析】尽管经济衰退，公司对进一步扩展仍充满信心。名词，扩张，expansion
【答案】alleviation
【解析】据最新研究表明，多食用富含抗氧化物质的食物，对抗疲劳和缓解压力有显著作用。
【答案】digestion
【解析】吃大量的食物纤维来保持消化系统正常工作。digestion“消化过程，消化作用”
五 选词填空
devote oneself to, deep down， other thanbe， comprised of， depend on, dream up
A year__________ the four seasons of spring, summer，autumn and winter.
2. We should ___________environmental protection and ecological improvement.
3. While shopping, you should not simply __________what is advertised on TV.
4. _________,she supported her husband’s involvement in the organization.
5. Who _________ the idea of painting our living room wall a bright red
6. The form cannot be signed by anyone __________ yourself.
【答案】1. is comprised of 2. devote ourselves to 3. depend on 4. Deep down
5. dreamed up 6.other than
六 能力提升练
January 20th is the Martin Luther King, Jr Day. It’s named after 1.__________American Baptist minister and civil rights leader who was actuallyborn on January 15th1929. 2.__________ for more than three decades, the federal holiday that honors his 3.____________ (accomplish) has been celebrated on the third Monday in January. Public events marches and speeches by civil rights leaders and politicians are all part of 4.____________. The US government also recognizes Martin Luther King, Jr Day 5.____________a day of service. It’s said to be a day on, not a day off, and the goal of that is 6.___________(encourage) Americans to volunteer and improve their communities.
Dr King himself was the leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association, named after the
city of Montgomery, Alabama, 7.___________is now known as the birthplace of the US Civil Rights
Movement in the 1950s. King had a reputation for being an eloquent speaker. He felt 8.__________(strong) that neaceful events, like marches, were the best methods of 9.__________(achieve) civil rights for African Americans. King’s influence grew when he founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957, and in 1963 he led the march in Washington where he delivered his famous, “I Have a Dream” speech The next year Dr King 10.___________(award) the Nobel Peace Prize.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.___________
6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处表示特指这个美国人权领袖。定冠词the表特指，故填the。
【答案】But
【解析】考查连词。根据句意“但是三十年来，联邦假日都是在一月的第三个星期一庆祝的”，故填But。
【答案】accomplishments
【解析】考查名词。设空处前面是形容性物主代词，空格处应当使用名词，表示“成就，功绩”故填accomplishments。
【答案】it
【解析】考查代词。设空处为无词填空。根据句意，此处代指上文的假日。
【答案】as
【解析】考查介词。设空处为无词填空，由上下文可知应当使用介词。考虑上文的recognize，此处应当使用介词as，表示“认可，承认某人为……”，故填as。
【答案】to encourage
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式形式充当表语，修饰主语the goal，故填to encourage。
【答案】which
【解析】考查关系代词。此处考查短语从句引导词。设空处在定语从句中做主语，指物，且为非限制性定语从句，故填which。
【答案】strongly
【解析】考查副词。设空处前面为动词，修饰动词使用副词形式，表示“我强烈的感觉到……”，故填stronly。
【答案】achieving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处前面是介词of，介词后面应当使用动名词形式，意思是“实现人权的最好的办法……”，故填achieving。
【答案】was awarded
【解析】被动语态。根据时间状语the next year可知，应当使用一般过去时，由句意“Dr King被颁发诺贝尔和平奖”可知应当使用被动语态。故填was awarded。