牛津译林版（2019）必修三Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world培优提能限时练(四)（含答案）

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sarah Park has known about the impact of music on the brain since a young age.The young girl，who has been playing the violin since she was 4，says she noticed its positive effect on those around her，especially her grandmother，who suffered from a mental health illness.
Now，the middle school student from Jacksonville，Florida，hopes to use music treatment to help others struggling with mental health.On October 19,2021，her invention，Spark Care＋，earned her the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge，which is an annual national competition that invites students in Grades 5－8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.
“I was pretty shocked when they announced my name as the grand prize winner，” Park said.“I am excited and thrilled with what’s to come next with Spark Care＋.”
Spark Care＋ requires participants to respond to a series of questions according to the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale，designed to assess the person’s mental state.The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators，such as the heart rate，blood pressure and so on.Spark Care＋’s AI(Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes them and recommends the appropriate music to help lift the participant’s spirits.It also monitors its impact on the listener.
The ninth-grader hopes to turn her model into a wristband with inbuilt sensors，a heart-rate monitor，and Bluetooth.She also wants to build an app which is available to everyone.“I hope to be able to distribute it around the world to people of all ages，” Park says.
In addition to being a inventor，Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions，including the Florida State Championship.She also plays the piano and is a math champion.The teen desires to be an innovator and researcher in the medical field using technology and robotics.Her advice to other young scientists is “Dream big，ask questions，and anything is possible.”
1．What does the 3M Young Scientist Challenge aim to do
A．Turn ordinary students into scientists.
B．Meet the challenge of science bravely.
C．Solve the common problems in life.
D．Find a cure for a mental health illness.
2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in paragraph 4
A．Some mental health indicators.
B．The device’s inbuilt sensors.
C．Heart rate and blood pressure.
D．Anxiety and depression degree.
3．What can we infer from the passage
A．The app has been available to everyone.
B．Sarah Park is a girl of diverse talent and pursuit.
C．Sarah Park wants to major in technology and robotics.
D．Sarah Park’s grandmother encourages her to invent the Spark Care＋.
4．What can we learn from Sarah Park’s story
A．No pains，no gains.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Many hands make the heavy work light.
D．Nothing is impossible to an ambitious heart.
B
Scientists increasingly are aiming to move animals endangered by rising temperatures to new areas where they have never lived before in an effort to save them.One example is a project in Hawaii that moved，or relocated，a seabird species from one island to another about 800 kilometers away.
Traditionally，scientists have considered the idea of species relocation(迁移) risky.This is because it can cause problems for existing native animals.But some scientists now believe relocation is necessary to save threatened species.Moves have already been considered for several species，including birds，lizards，butterflies and even plants.
The relocation in Hawaii included the Tristram’s storm petrel，a seabird that is native to low-lying islands in Hawaii and Japan.The project moved about 40 young birds from Hawaii’s Tern Island to Oahu，one of the state’s biggest islands.The Tristram’s storm petrel is considered at risk of dying out.
Tern Island is now just 1.8 meters above sea level.Scientists fear the island may disappear completely if the sea level there continues to rise.Scientists hope the relocated animals can someday be returned to their native environments if conditions change.
Some lawmakers in western states，including Montana，New Mexico and Arizona，are against the proposal.They say moving species to new places could create environmental problems and result in an “invasive(入侵的) species”．
Federal officials are expected to decide the proposal.Jason McLachlan is a biologist，who thinks the government proposal shows an important change “in the way we think of species protection and conservation”．
Pacific Rim Conservation’s Yander Werf said that to save storm petrels，scientists need to act before populations have crashed.“In 30 years，there will certainly be few such birds，if we don’t do anything about it，” he said.
James Watson is a scientist at the University of Queensland in Australia.He said，“Many，many species must be moved，or they could go out of existence.” Watson added that increasing wildfire has forced some relocations of animals.
5．What’s the problem with the Tristram’s storm petrel
A．It is dying of hunger.
B．It is losing its young birds.
C．It is being hunted like crazy.
D．It faces the risk of losing home.
6．Why are some lawmakers against the idea of species relocation
A．It has no chance of success.
B．It costs a lot of money.
C．It could harm native species.
D．It damages the relocated animals.
7．What do Yander Werf and James Watson have in common
A．They support moving species.
B．They stress the risk of wildfire.
C．They work for the same organization.
D．They only care for endangered species.
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．Helping Birds Return Home
B．Moving Species to New Areas
C．Creating Homes for Wildlife
D．Protecting Animals on Sinking Islands
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A boy lived with his family on a farm.They had a beautiful dog.To prepare for the duck hunting season(猎鸭季)，the boy and the dog kept 1 every day.
Duck hunting season finally 2 .At the pond，only a few minutes passed before the two heard ducks flying overhead.The boy 3 three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center of the pond.The dog，at a signal， 4 toward the pond.However， 5 swimming in the water，it walked on the 6 .The boy was 7 .His dog could walk on water!
He knew seeing is believing，so he returned and led a neighbor to the 8 .Shots fired and a duck killed，the boy 9 to his dog again to get the duck.Magically，the dog walked on the water again.
The boy was bursting with 10 when asking his neighbor，“Did you see that？” The neighbor replied，“Yes，your dog can’t 11 swim.” The boy sat in disbelief as his neighbor pointed out a weakness of the dog rather than 12 he had witnessed a wonder.
People often downplay(轻视) others’ achievements which they’re 13 to achieve themselves.Don’t let this bring you down.Just move on and improve yourself.Moreover，do give 14 when people accomplish something worthy of it.Pointing out other people’s shortcomings doesn’t make you 15 .
1．A.swimming B．training
C．playing D．wandering
2．A.took off B．ran out
C．came around D．died down
3．A.threw B．attacked
C．shot D．aimed
4．A.charged B．jumped
C．rolled D．fell
5．A.more than B．instead of
C．apart from D．due to
6．A.ice B．surface
C．stones D．bank
7．A.relaxed B．satisfied
C．inspired D．astonished
8．A.pond B．bird
C．dog D．duck
9．A.waved B．signaled
C．screamed D．responded
10．A.anger B．curiosity
C．pride D．confidence
11．A.even B．ever
C．always D．quite
12．A.questioning B．understanding
C．finding D．recognizing
13．A.likely B．eager
C．unable D．content
14．A.advice B．aid
C．permission D．credit
15．A.better B．worse
C．selfish D．generous
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·江苏扬州高一统考)
Zhang Chenliang is 1. influential vlogger(视频博主) with expert knowledge of animals and plants，having over 22 million followers on Douyin.His humorous 2._______ (express) has helped him become one of the most influential creators of the popular science content.
Zhang 3. (feel) a deep love for nature since he was a child.In 2011，while working as an intern(实习生) at Nature History magazine，he took charge of the magazine’s official account on Weibo.To make the account more 4. (attract)，Zhang actively communicated with followers and answered their questions in a way 5. was both approachable and professional.
“There are many species in our country，but people don’t 6. (entire) know about them.I communicate a lot with fans，so I know what they want to know，” said Zhang.
In 2019，he opened his personal account on Douyin.From that time on，he was “addicted” to 7. (make) science about animals and plants popular，and has since built 8._________ many fans in the field.In March 2021，a team of 10 people 9. (organize)．“We have opened a window for everyone 10. (understand) nature and science，so that the public can feel that science can be very interesting，” Zhang said.
Ⅳ.续写小故事(满分15分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A man was going to the house of a rich person.As he went along the road，he saw a box of good apples at the side of the road.He said，“I do not want to eat those apples because the rich man will give me much food.He will give me very nice food to eat.” Then he took the apples and threw them away into the dust.
He went on and came to a river.The river was very broad so he could not go over it.He waited for some time；then he said，“I cannot go to the rich man’s house today，for I cannot get over the river.”
He began to go home.
培优提能限时练(四)
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Sarah Park的发明“Spark Care＋”在3M青年科学家挑战赛上获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，并介绍了这一发明的操作过程以及Sarah Park的相关情况。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“...at the 3M Young Scientist Challenge，which is an annual national competition that invites students in Grades 5－8 to find a unique solution to an everyday problem.”可知，3M青年科学家挑战赛的目标是解决生活中常见的问题。故选C。]
2．A　[代词指代题。根据画线词上文“The device’s inbuilt sensors record vital mental health indicators，such as the heart rate，blood pressure and so on.”以及“Spark Care＋’s AI(Artificial Intelligence) component analyzes”可知，该设备内置的传感器可以记录重要的心理健康指标，然后Spark Care＋的AI组件会对心理健康指标进行分析，故them指的是“一些心理健康指标”。故选A。]
3．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In addition to being an inventor，Park is also a musical genius who has won several violin competitions，including the Florida State Championship...”和“Dream big，ask questions，and anything is possible.”可推知，Sarah Park是一个有着多种天赋和追求的女孩。故选B。]
4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段末句“Her advice to other young scientists is ‘Dream big，ask questions，and anything is possible.’”可推知，Sarah Park的故事告诉我们对于一颗雄心勃勃的心，没有什么是不可能的。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们越来越多地致力于将因气温上升而濒临灭绝的动物转移到它们从未生活过的新地区，以拯救它们。
5．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段以及第四段前两句可知，褐翅叉尾海燕所居住的岛屿有可能会消失，所以它们将会面临失去家园的危险。故选D。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第五段可知，一些议员反对这一提议是怕造成环境问题，导致出现“入侵物种”。故选C。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段以及最后一段可知，这两人都认为迁移物种对于保护濒危动物是有利的，所以他们俩都是支持迁移物种这一方法的。故选A。]
8．B　[标题归纳题。根据第一段首句以及第二段前三句再结合全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们开始将因气温上升而濒临灭绝的动物转移到它们从未生活过的新地区，以拯救它们。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。男孩的狗可以在水面上行走，对此男孩很自豪。邻居不屑于狗会在水面行走的事实，而是说狗不会游泳是一个缺点，这让男孩很受挫。这个故事说明人们经常低估别人的成就。
1．B　[swim游泳；train训练；play玩；wander徘徊。根据上文“To prepare for the duck hunting season”可知，此处指男孩和狗坚持训练是为了能准备好即将到来的猎鸭季。故选B。]
2．C　[take off起飞，脱下；run out用完，用光；come around发生，再度出现；die down渐渐消失。根据上文“To prepare for the duck hunting season”可知，此处指猎鸭季到了。故选C。]
3．C　[throw扔，投；attack攻击，袭击；shoot射击；aim瞄准。根据上文“Duck hunting season”及下文“Shots fired”可知，此处指男孩射击了三次，故选C。]
4．A　[charge向……冲去；jump跳；roll翻滚；fall摔倒。根据下文“to his dog again to get the duck”可知，此处指狗冲向池塘去取男孩刚刚射杀的鸭子。故选A。]
5．B　[more than不仅仅；instead of代替，而不是；apart from除……之外；due to由于。根据下文“His dog could walk on water！”可知，此处是相对于前文，理应是游泳去抓鸭子，狗却走在水面上。故选B。]
6．B　[ice冰；surface表面；stone石头；bank岸边。根据下文“His dog could walk on water！”可知，此处指狗在水面上走。故选B。]
7．D　[relaxed感到放松的；satisfied感到满意的；inspired受到鼓舞的；astonished感到惊讶的。根据下文“His dog could walk on water！”可知，此处指看到狗在水面上行走，男孩是感到惊讶的。故选D。]
8．A　[pond池塘；bird鸟；dog狗；duck鸭子。根据上文“The boy ________ three times，killing a duck，which landed in the center of the pond.”和下文“Shots fired and a duck killed”可知，此处指男孩把他的邻居带到了猎杀鸭子的那个池塘边。故选A。]
9．B　[wave挥手；signal发信号，示意；scream尖叫；respond回应。根据上文“The dog，at a signal，________ toward the pond.”可知，此处指男孩再一次给狗示意，让狗去把鸭子带回来。故选B。]
10．C　[anger愤怒，生气；curiosity好奇心；pride骄傲，自豪；confidence自信心。根据上文“the dog walked on the water again”可知，男孩向他的邻居展示自己的狗可以在水面上行走，可知男孩是自豪的。故选C。]
11．A　[even甚至；ever曾经；always一直，总是；quite十分，很。根据空处前后内容可知，这里指男孩的邻居说男孩的狗甚至不会游泳。故选A。]
12．D　[question询问；understand理解；find找到；recognize承认，认可。根据上文“his neighbor pointed out a weakness of the dog rather than”及下文“he had witnessed a wonder”可知，此处指男孩的邻居不认为是一个奇迹，认为这是狗的一个弱点。故选D。]
13．C　[likely可能的；eager渴望的；unable不能；content满意的。根据上文“People often downplay(轻视) others’ achievements”可知，别人取得的成就是自己不能实现的。故选C。]
14．D　[advice建议；aid帮助；permission许可，承诺；credit赞扬。根据下文“when people accomplish something worthy of it”可知，当人们完成了值得赞扬的事情，要赞扬。故选D。]
15．A　[better更好的；worse更糟糕的；selfish自私的；generous慷慨的。根据上文“Just move on and improve yourself.”及“Pointing out other people’s shortcomings doesn’t make you”可知，这里指人们要不断地改善自己，让自己变得更好，而指出别人的错误并不能让自己变得更好。故选A。]
Ⅲ.1.an　2.expression　3.has felt　4.attractive　5．that/which　6.entirely　7.making　8.up
9．was organized　10.to understand　
Ⅳ.　参考范文
He began to go home.He didn’t eat anything that day.He felt hungry.He came to the apples，and he was glad to take them out of the dust and eat them.
Do not throw good things away，and you may be glad to have them at some other time.