山东省聊城市2024届高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷(含解析)
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山东省聊城市2024届高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
America is one of the best travelling options for everyone. Here the Good Hotel Guide shares some of the top American hotels for travelers to choose from.
The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort
If you want a quiet, stress-free getaway, The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort might be just the place. Sitting right on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, this hotel is a destination unto itself. Meanwhile, staff goes out of their way to attend to their guests’ needs. However, if you are hoping to explore urban areas, be warned this hotel is located approximately 25 miles south of the city.
The Peninsula Chicago
Travelers describe the guest rooms as comfortable thanks to their modern techie touches, like a bedside remote command station that controls the lights, television and room temperatures. During your stay, guests recommend making time for the tasty Cantonese dishes served in the Shanghai Terrace restaurant. However, for many travelers, it was The Peninsula Chicago’s friendly service staff that convinced them to stay here again.
Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX
Located just 1,312 feet from Los Angeles International Airport, this hotel offers free 24-hour airport shuttles, easy access to the city center. With nearby motorways, Hollywood is just 12 miles away from Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX. Couples in particular like the location — they rated it 8.5 for a two-person trip because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.
Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel
This modern hotel provides free 24-hour dedicated shuttle service to Los Angeles International Airport, just 3 minutes’ drive away. Guests can relax in the outdoor heated pool. Recent guests give the courteous and professional staff high praise. Couples like the location best — they rated it 8.7 for a two-person trip.
1．If you want to relieve your tension, which hotel would you like to choose
A. Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX.
B. The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort.
C. The Peninsula Chicago.
D. Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel.
2．Which hotel is the most favorable to couples
A. The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort.
B. The Peninsula Chicago.
C. Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX.
D. Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel.
3．What do the four hotels have in common
A. They offer convenient access to the downtown area.
B. They have quality customer service.
C. They are popular among couples.
D. They are located near the airport.
This story is part of Nature’s 10, an annual list produced by the world’s leading science journal Nature, exploring individuals who contributed to the key developments in science. On the 2023 list published, the journal included a non-human entity — ChatGPT, for the first time.
ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. Models trained in similar ways on scientific data could help to build AI systems that can guide research, perhaps by designing new molecules or simulating cell behaviour, Zitnik adds.
But why include a computer program in a list of people who have shaped science in 2023 ChatGPT is not a person. But actually, it and other generative artificial-intelligence (AI) programs are changing how scientists work. They have also rekindled debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to regulate the interaction between the two. That’s why this year’s Nature’s 10 has a non-human addition.
Interestingly, Nature’s list also includes one of its creators. Ilya Sutskever, the chief scientist and cofounder of OpenAI, the organization that created ChatGPT, is one of the minds at the forefront of generative artificial intelligence. He saw this company as an opportunity to develop general artificial intelligence that could outperform humans and develop its own consciousness.
Sutskever believes that artificial intelligence’s potential is too great for models to be available to anyone who wants to use them, and he was among the first to realize that the systems that scientists like his mentor, Geoffrey Hinton, had begun to develop would begin to show their actual capabilities as computing power increased. In recent months, he devoted his efforts toward creating a method to direct and control artificial intelligence systems that are more intelligent than humans.
4．Which of the following is true about Nature’s 10 according to the passage
A. Nature’s 10 is celebrating the development of science technology.
B. Only human beings were elected as Nature’s 10 before.
C. Nature’s 10 was started in 2023 for the first time.
D. It was awarded by the local government yearly.
5．What is the second paragraph about
A. Experts’ opinions on ChatGPT.
B. How ChatGPT functions.
C. The application of ChatGPT in science research.
D. The promotion of ChatGPT.
6．What does the underlined word rekindled in paragraph 3 mean
A. Settled. B. Restarted. C. Participated. D. Launched.
7．Which of the following can best describe Ilya Sutskever’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A. Confident and cautious. B. Proud and concerned.
C. Objective and doubtful. D. Enthusiastic and warning.
The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years. Could this shark be a part of a newly discovered ancient shark species
This fossil’s original discovery was in 1975 on a farm just west of Morden, Manitoba. The skeleton was brought into the museum and was forgotten within the ever-growing fossil collection. The skeleton was hidden in the collections room for over 40 years and the center just recently found the fossil in its storage around eight years ago.
Adolfo Cuertara, the director of the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre, explained that “It’s a very special shark for many reasons. It’s highly possible that we are talking about a new species.” Although the shark has not been given a scientific name yet, the museum has unofficially named the skeleton, “Dave”, in honor of the farmer on whose land the skeleton was found.
After the fossil rediscovery, Dave was exhibited at the fossil center museum. Dave is around 15 feet long and is one of the largest well-preserved shark skeletons in the entire world. Within the paleontology (古生物学) world, complete shark fossils are extremely rare due to their soft cartilage (软骨结构) which disintegrates as they age. Dave’s shark species are filter feeders with no teeth, who receive their nutrition by absorbing it out of the water. Cuertara emphasizes Dave’s uniqueness by explaining, “The shape of the jaws and the skull and the kind of structures that it has, because the preservation is really amazing, is telling us that it is probably going to be a new species. The problem is now we need scientific papers and scientific research and this paper is underway.”
The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre is hopeful that more scientific research will provide more information on Dave’s ancient shark species. For now, Dave is currently on display at the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre and the museum has the exhibit up to date with their current information.
8．Where probably could you find this article
A. Science textbook of college.
B. Advertising brochure of museum.
C. Discovery column of magazine.
D. Bulletin board of animal world.
9．What does the underlined word “disintegrates” mean in the fourth paragraph
A. Die away. B. Break down. C. Build up. D. Lie down.
10．What evidence made scientists believe Dave is a new shark species
A. The structure of skull and jaw.
B. The preservation of jaw and the skull.
C. The uniqueness of no teeth structure.
D. The rare soft cartilage.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A. Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre displays Dave ancient shark species.
B. Dave’s shark species is a new species of ancient shark.
C. Canadian Museum rediscovers a new ancient shark species.
D. Dave’s shark skeleton is in honor of the farmer who rediscovered it.
Typically, people are more likely to share things that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kisses or an ice cream cone, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance or a colleague. As a result, it can be markers of a “thick relationship”, which can help babies work out who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.
Ashley Thomas, a developmental psychologist at MIT, and colleagues ran experiments of people engaging with puppets (木偶). Researchers, of course, can’t know exactly what babies are thinking. But tracking where they look is one way to get a hint. The idea is not that young children might be expecting an adult to comfort the puppet, Thomas says. Instead, the researchers expected that the young children would look toward the person that they expect to move first when the puppet expresses distress (悲伤), and that would be the person who has a closer relationship with the toy, she says.
For some of the experiments, the team showed 8-to 10-month-old babies or 16-to 18-month-old toddlers videos of a woman sharing an orange slice with a puppet. A second video depicted another woman and the puppet playing with a ball. During a final video that showed the puppet seemingly crying while seated between the two women, the kids’ eyes were drawn to the woman who had shared the orange slice — a sign the kids may have been expecting her to react.
The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets. The woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then one puppet’s mouth to share her saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. Infants and toddlers spent more time looking at the puppet that had swapped saliva after the woman showed distress.
This study throws new light on child’s psychology. But it’s unclear how the findings relate to the daily lives of young children. Future experiments could switch out actresses in the study for family members or teachers to better understand the role saliva may play in how babies and toddlers distinguish different types of relationships.
12．What can help babies figure out close relationships
A. Things that can result in an exchange of emotion.
B. Intimate actions that share saliva.
C. An ice cream cone in the Sweet Stop.
D. Behaviors that comfort the puppet.
13．How do researchers know who has a closer relationship with the puppet in babies’ eyes
A. By finding what babies are thinking.
B. By tracking where babies point.
C. By knowing who the young children look toward.
D. By watching who come to comfort the puppet.
14．What’s the purpose of paragraph 4
A. To give supporting evidence for the study results.
B. To show potential application of the study findings.
C. To make a brief conclusion of the study results.
D. To raise a reasonable doubt about the study process.
15．What’s the author’s attitude to this new finding
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Objective. D. Unclear.
二、七选五
16．New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ① _________ They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists.
Academician Huang made three commitments to himself — to contribute his energy to scientific research; to apply his achievements in the fields; and to provide more opportunities for young people. “② _________ By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates,” he said.
Academician Jian Zhimin advised young students that persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. “③ _________ This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research,” he said.
Out of the 59 newly elected academicians this year, five of them are female scientists. Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. ④ _________
⑤ _________ For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare.
A. They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science.
B. In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China.
C. As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation.
D. She has both male and female students, who are irreplaceable to each other.
E. The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday.
F. I hope the honor I received can inspire more females to develop an interest in physics.
G. To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention.
三、完形填空（15空）
I had not visited Eton for many years. When one day passing from the Fellows’ Library into the Gallery, I caught sight of the 1 of my school friend Digby Dolben hanging just without the door among our most 2 contemporaries. I was 3 arrested and as I stood gazing on it, my 4 asked me if I knew who it was. I was thinking that I must be almost the only person who would know him. Far 5 of my boyhood were crowding 6 upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth.
This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there. 8 , how came Dolben there It was 9 he was a poet; and yet his poems were not known. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such of his poems as could have come to the eyes of the authorities who approved of this memorial would not 11 it. There was another 12 — the portrait bears its own certification. Though you might not perhaps understand the poet in it, you can see the soul immersed in deep thought, the habit of stainless (无瑕的) life, of 13 , of enthusiasm for high ideals. Such a being must have 14 remarkably among his fellows. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memory, loving grief would generously 15 him the glory which he had never worn.
17．A. statue B. character C. portrait D. theme
18．A. valuable B. distinguished C. familiar D. gracious
19．A. wholly B. partly C. curiously D. secretly
20．A. peers B. chairman C. leader D. companion
21．A. judgment B. thought C. memories D. behaviour
22．A. hurriedly B. freshly C. anxiously D. eagerly
23．A. selective B. splendid C. handsome D. challenging
24．A. Yet B. Therefore C. Thus D. However
25．A. because B. why C. that D. what
26．A. observed B. captured C. illustrated D. guarded
27．A. operate B. promote C. justify D. permit
28．A. appreciation B. reason C. cause D. effect
29．A. devotion B. ambition C. imagination D. symbol
30．A. brought about B. stood for C. stood out D. brought in
31．A. interpret B. grant C. appoint D. identify
四、短文填空
32．As soon as the weather gets cold in northern China, you’ll see a lot of vendors selling a delicious traditional delicacy — Bing Tang Hu Lu, or Tanghulu① _________ short. This snack, which originated in Beijing and Tianjin, traditionally ② _________ (consist) of hawthorn fruit coated in hard candy ③ _________ skewered (串住) on a bamboo stick.
The story begins with ④ _________ beautiful Chinese woman. The favorite concubine (妃子) of the Song Emperor Guangzong (1147-1200) fell seriously ill. No court doctor was able to cure her. ⑤ _________ (help), the emperor issued an appeal for doctors from among the ordinary people to come forward to help. A country doctor recommended eating red hawthorn fruits fried in brown sugar, which turned out to be effective.
Thus, sugar-coated hawthorn fruit became the favorite sugary snack of the Chinese imperial family, and court chefs were assigned ⑥ _________ (supply) it on a regular basis. After ⑦ _________ (reserve) for the nobility during the last imperial dynasty, the sticky delicacy has become ⑧ _________ (wide) popular among ordinary people in more recent times.
The round and red fruits were seen as good luck, ⑨ _________ (symbolize) togetherness. With time, it was believed that the snack brought good luck and wealth, hence ⑩ _________ (it) popularity at family celebrations and large meals. So, what could possibly stop you from giving it a try
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom发来邮件，请你推荐一部中国名著，请回复该邮件，内容包括：
1. 名著简介；2. 推荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Skateboarding, which is rooted in street culture and closely tied to lifestyles and attitudes of young people, is a sport that emphasizes freedom and personal techniques.
The 13-year-old girl, Cui, took up skateboarding in 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic did not allow her to practice rollerblading, which she began as a 3-year-old. One day, her father, a skateboarding enthusiast, suggested “why not try skateboarding at home instead ” That day she stepped onto the board for the first time, “It felt incredibly smooth. It was love at first sight.” Cui exclaimed. Within a year, she was reaching podiums (领奖台) at professional-level events, In 2022, she ranked third in the women’s street event at the provincial games. She soon joined the provincial skateboarding team and underwent a more comprehensive and structured training program.
In skateboarding, injuries are unavoidable, but when discussing the pain and the setbacks, Cui displayed a level of resilience (适应力) beyond her age. “When I started skateboarding, I thought it was great fun. Later, I realized people sustain a lot of injuries while skateboarding. But that is where the spirit of skateboarding lies.” she said. Most of the time, getting injured is just part of the process, and she simply pushes through it and perseveres, she added.
Earlier this year, Cui secured the 30th spot in the women’s street event at the World Street Skateboarding Championships. Until Wednesday, the title of China’s youngest Asian Games gold medalist belonged to 15-year-old skateboarder Chen Ye, who won the men’s park event on Monday.
The street competition involves skaters performing daring tricks on a tough course that features rails and gaps. September 28, 2023, the big day for Cui came.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
“I particularly wanted to win this one.” Cui said to her father.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
Cui made an impressive landing off the difficult high rail.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort部分中“If you want a quiet, stress-free getaway, The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort might be just the place.(如果你想要一个安静，无压力的度假，在基亚瓦岛高尔夫度假村的避难所可能只是一个地方)”可知，如果你想缓解你的压力，The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort是最佳选择。故选B项。
2．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX部分中“Couples in particular like the location — they rated it 8.5 for a two-person trip because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.(情侣们特别喜欢这里的地理位置——他们给两人旅行打了8.5分，因为这里很方便，工作人员也很热情)”可知，对情侣来说，Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX最有利。故选C项。
3．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort部分中“Meanwhile, staff goes out of their way to attend to their guests’ needs.(与此同时，工作人员会不遗余力地满足客人的需求)”、The Peninsula Chicago部分中“However, for many travelers, it was The Peninsula Chicago’s friendly service staff that convinced them to stay here again.(然而，对于许多游客来说，是芝加哥半岛酒店友好的服务人员说服他们再次入住)”、Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX部分中“because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.(因为它的便利和热情的工作人员)”和Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel部分中“Recent guests give the courteous and professional staff high praise.(最近的客人对我们彬彬有礼和专业的工作人员给予了很高的评价)”可知，四家酒店的共同点是他们都有优质的客户服务。故选B项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“On the 2023 list published, the journal included a non-human entity — ChatGPT, for the first time.(在公布的2023年名单中，该杂志首次纳入了一个非人类实体——ChatGPT)”可知，在此之前，只有人类能被选为“自然10强”。故选B项。
5．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. Models trained in similar ways on scientific data could help to build AI systems that can guide research, perhaps by designing new molecules or simulating cell behaviour, Zitnik adds.(马萨诸塞州波士顿的哈佛医学院从事人工智能医学研究的Marinka Zitnik说，ChatGPT和相关软件可以帮助集思广益，增强科学搜索引擎，并识别文献中的研究空白。Zitnik补充说，以类似的方式对科学数据进行训练的模型可以帮助建立指导研究的人工智能系统，也许可以通过设计新分子或模拟细胞行为来实现)”可知，本段主要讨论了ChatGPT和其他生成式人工智能程序如何改变科学家的工作方式，并提到了ChatGPT在指导研究和增强科学搜索引擎方面的潜在可能。由此可知，第二段介绍了ChatGPT在科学研究领域中的应用。故选C项。
6．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。前缀re-表示“重新；再”；结合常识和划线词后“debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to regulate the interaction between the two(关于人工智能的局限性、人类智能的本质以及如何最好地规范两者之间的互动的辩论)”可知，关于人工智能的这些话题的辩论并不是新事物，以前就已经有过很多相关的辩论，由此推知，ChatGPT的出现只是重新引发了相关辩论。故划线词rekindled与restarted“重新开始”意思接近。故选B项。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“He saw this company as an opportunity to develop general artificial intelligence that could outperform humans and develop its own consciousness.(他认为这家公司是开发通用人工智能的一个机会，它可以超越人类，发展自己的意识)”和最后一段中“he was among the first to realize that the systems that scientists like his mentor, Geoffrey Hinton, had begun to develop would begin to show their actual capabilities as computing power increased.(他是最早意识到，随着计算能力的提高，像他的导师杰弗里·辛顿这样的科学家开始开发的系统将开始显示其实际能力的人之一)”可推知，Ilya Sutskever认为人工智能会超越人类，发展自己的意识，对其能力充满信心(confident)；根据最后一段中“Sutskever believes that artificial intelligence’s potential is too great for models to be available to anyone who wants to use them(Sutskever认为，人工智能的潜力太大，任何想要使用它们的人都无法获得模型)”和“In recent months, he devoted his efforts toward creating a method to direct and control artificial intelligence systems that are more intelligent than humans.(最近几个月，他致力于创造一种方法来指导和控制比人类更聪明的人工智能系统)”可推知，Ilya Sutskever对人工智能的运用非常谨慎(cautious)，希望创造一种方法来指导和控制比人类更聪明的人工智能。故选A项。
8．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years.(加拿大化石发现中心最近“重新发现”了一具在博物馆收藏了近50年的古代鲨鱼骨架)”和最后一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre is hopeful that more scientific research will provide more information on Dave’s ancient shark species. For now, Dave is currently on display at the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre and the museum has the exhibit up to date with their current information.(加拿大化石发现中心希望更多的科学研究能提供更多关于戴夫古鲨鱼物种的信息。目前，戴夫目前正在加拿大化石发现中心展出，博物馆的展品与他们目前的信息同步)”可知，本文介绍了加拿大化石发现中心对其馆藏“古鲨鱼骨架”的再发现，并说明了其意义。由此推知，本文可能出自杂志中的发现栏目。故选C项。
9．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Within the paleontology (古生物学) world, complete shark fossils are extremely rare due to their soft cartilage (软骨结构) which disintegrates as they age.(在古生物学界，完整的鲨鱼化石极其罕见，因为它们的软骨会随着年龄的增长而disintegrates)”中“soft cartilage (软骨结构)”可推知，因为鲨鱼是软骨，所以随着年龄的增长，骨头会“分解”，很难保留下来。划线词disintegrates与动词短语Break down同义。故选B项。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“The shape of the jaws and the skull and the kind of structures that it has, because the preservation is really amazing, is telling us that it is probably going to be a new species.(颌骨和头骨的形状以及它的结构，因为保存得非常惊人地完好，告诉我们它可能是一个新物种)”可知，得到保存的颌骨和头骨让科学家相信戴夫是一种新的鲨鱼物种。故选B项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years.(加拿大化石发现中心最近“重新发现”了一具在博物馆收藏了近50年的古代鲨鱼骨架)”可知，文章主要介绍了加拿大化石发现中心对其馆藏“古鲨鱼骨架”的再发现，它可能是一种新的古老鲨鱼物种，所以“Canadian Museum rediscovers a new ancient shark species.(加拿大博物馆重新发现了一种新的古鲨鱼物种)”是文章的主要内容。故选C项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Typically, people are more likely to share things that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kisses or an ice cream cone, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance or a colleague. As a result, it can be markers of a ”thick relationship”, which can help babies work out who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.(通常情况下，人们更倾向于与家人或亲密的朋友分享可以引起唾液交换的东西，比如亲吻或冰淇淋甜筒，而不是与熟人或同事分享。因此，一项研究表明，这可能是“亲密关系”的标志，可以帮助婴儿弄清楚谁与另一个人关系密切)”可知，分享唾液的亲密行为可以帮助婴儿弄清楚亲密的关系。故选B项。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers, of course, can’t know exactly what babies are thinking. But tracking where they look is one way to get a hint.(当然，研究人员无法确切知道婴儿在想什么。但追踪他们看的地方是获得线索的一种方式)”和“Instead, the researchers expected that the young children would look toward the person that they expect to move first when the puppet expresses distress (悲伤), and that would be the person who has a closer relationship with the toy, she says.(她说，相反，研究人员预计，当木偶表现出悲伤时，年幼的孩子会把目光投向他们预计会首先移动的人，而这个人可能是与玩具关系更密切的人)”可知，通过观察孩子们在看谁，研究人员就能知道在婴儿眼中，谁与木偶关系更密切。故选C项。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。第四段“The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets. The woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then one puppet’s mouth to share her saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. Infants and toddlers spent more time looking at the puppet that had swapped saliva after the woman showed distress.(当一名妇女与两个木偶互动时，研究小组也看到了类似的结果。这个女人把手指先伸进嘴里，然后伸进一个木偶的嘴里，分享她的唾液。对于另一个，她只是先触摸自己的额头，然后触摸木偶的额头。在女人表现出痛苦后，婴儿和蹒跚学步的孩子会花更多的时间看那个分享唾液的木偶)”中详细介绍了另一个相关实验。结合段首句“The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets.(当一名妇女与两个木偶互动时，研究小组也看到了类似的结果)”可知，第四段是为研究结果提供支持性证据。故选A项。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This study throws new light on child’s psychology.(这项研究对儿童心理学有了新的认识)”和第段中“Future experiments could switch out actresses in the study for family members or teachers to better understand the role saliva may play in how babies and toddlers distinguish different types of relationships.(未来的实验可能会把研究中的女演员换成家庭成员或老师，以更好地理解唾液在婴幼儿如何区分不同类型的关系中可能发挥的作用)”可推知，作者肯定这一研究的作用与前景，所以对其持赞成的态度。故选A项。
16．答案：①-⑤ECGAB
解析：①上文“New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (新晋院士在中国科学院颁证仪式后合影留念。)”描述新晋院士参加颁证仪式的场景，结合常识可知，E项“The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday. (59位新当选的院士在周五的典礼上宣誓就职。)”与上文内容相符，说明颁证仪式的时间和相关宣誓程序，下文“They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists. (他们旨在是通过鼓励年轻一代和提高女科学家的作用，为国家的科学研究的发展做出更大的贡献。)”说明宣誓相关内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
②根据下文“By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates (让优秀的年轻人有足够的机会，我们可以培育一个多元化的科学界，并进行激烈的辩论)”可知，黄院士强调要给年轻人机会，C项“As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation. (作为院士，我们需要与年轻一代分享更多的机会。)”与黄院士观点一致，句中“As academicians, we...”是黄院士的自称。故选C项。
③上文“persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. (坚持是科学研究道路上最宝贵的精神。)”和下文“This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research. (这种决心和毅力在科学研究中是必不可少的。)”强调“坚持”、“决心”和“毅力”，G项“To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention. (要在科学领域取得成功，最重要的是坚持初心。)”中表达同样的主旨，句中“persist with original intention”与上下文内容相照应。故选G项。
④上文“Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. (金奎娟院士提到，女性有独特的视角，尊重女性的作用至关重要。)”提出女性科学家的重要性，A项“They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science. (他们适应力更强，这有助于科学的发展。)”承接上文，说明女性科学家的优势，句中指示代词“They”指代上文中“women”。故选A项。
⑤下文“For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare. (例如，她说，国家自然科学基金和优秀青年学者基金等资助机构已经放宽了年龄限制，考虑到女性生育和照顾孩子所需的时间和精力。)”提出相关机构在政策上对女性科学家的支持，是对B项“In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China. (近年来，金注意到中国对女科学家的支持越来越多。)”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. portrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracious优雅的。结合常识和下文可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
19．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. wholly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiously好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I stood gazing on it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. companion同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew who it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thought思想；C. memories回忆，记忆；D. behaviour行为。根据下文可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsome英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢？ A. Yet然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Thus因此；D. However然而。根据下文“how came Dolben there ”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“how came Dolben there ”提出疑问，“he was a poet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. observed观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his poems were not known”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. operate操作；B. promote促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciation欣赏；B. reason原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the portrait bears its own certification”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
29．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devotion奉献；B. ambition抱负；C. imagination想象力；D. symbol象征。根据句中“the soul immersed in deep thought”和“enthusiasm for high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brought about导致；B. stood for代表；C. stood out突出；D. brought in引进。根据上文可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中脱颖而出的人。故选C项。
31．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appoint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glory”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
32．答案：①in②consists③and④a⑤To help⑥to supply⑦being reserved⑧widely⑨symbolizing⑩its
解析：①考查介词。句意：中国北方的天气一转冷，你就会看到很多摊贩在卖一种美味的传统美食——冰糖葫芦，简称糖葫芦。in short是固定短语，意为“简称；简言之”。故填in。
②考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这种小吃起源于北京和天津，传统上是将山楂果裹上硬糖串在竹签上。consist of是句中谓语，意为“由……组成”，与主语This snack之间是主动关系， 描述客观实事用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。
③考查连词。句意：这种小吃起源于北京和天津，传统上是将山楂果裹上硬糖串在竹签上。 coated in hard candy和skewered (串住) on a bamboo stick作后置定语修饰名词词组hawthorn fruit，是两个并列的过去分词短语，用连词and连接。故填and。
④考查冠词。句意：故事从一个美丽的中国女人开始。可数名词Chinese woman在句中表示“一个中国女人”，泛指，beautiful发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：为了提供帮助，皇帝呼吁普通百姓中的医生前来帮忙。根据句意，“help”是“the emperor issued an appeal for doctors from among the ordinary people to come forward to help.”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填To help。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，冰糖葫芦成为中国皇室最喜欢的甜食，宫廷厨师被指派定期供应它。assign sb. to do...是固定搭配，意为“指派/派遣某人去做某事”，句中使用了其被动语态sb. be assigned to do...，意为“某人被指派某人做……”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填to supply。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：这种黏糊糊的美味在为最后一个皇朝的贵族保留之后，近年来在普通百姓中得到了广泛的欢迎。介词After后跟动名词作宾语，结合句意，reserve与其逻辑主语the sticky delicacy之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式being reserved。故填being reserved。
⑧考查副词。句意：这种黏糊糊的美味在为最后一个皇朝的贵族保留之后，近年来在普通百姓中得到了广泛的欢迎。提示词修饰形容词popular，用副词widely作状语，意为“普遍地，广泛地”。故填widely。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：圆形和红色的水果被视为好运，象征着团聚。分析句子可知，“(symbolize) togetherness”作伴随状语，symbolize(象征)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The round and red fruits之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动和伴随。故填symbolizing。
⑩考查代词。句意：随着时间的推移，人们相信这种零食会带来好运和财富，因此它在家庭庆祝活动和大餐中很受欢迎。提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词popularity。故填its。
33．答案：Dear Tom,
Learning you are interested in Chinese novels, I’m glad to share with you one of my favorites. Ordinary World, written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 1991.
The novel focuses mostly on young people from their hometown Shanbei striving to change their lives, a theme that has resonated with Chinese ever since. Not only will you learn about everyday hardships at that time, but also you will be uplifted by an ultimate optimism to challenge and rise above whatever trials we face in life. “Work hard and be kind, and someday you will be there,” says the novel.
I strongly recommend you to read the book and exchange your ideas with me.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
聚焦于：focus on→concentrate on
努力：strive→endeavor
艰难：hardship→difficulty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Ordinary World, written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in1991.
拓展句：Ordinary World, which was written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in1991.
【高分句型1】Learning you are interested in Chinese novels, I’m glad to share with you one of my favorites.(运用了现在分词作原因状语和省略that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only will you learn about everyday hardships at that time, but also you will be uplifted by an ultimate optimism to challenge and rise above whatever trials we face in life.(运用了not only...but also句型和倒装句)
34．答案：“I particularly wanted to win this one,” Cui said to her father. Her determination was palpable as she prepared for the highly anticipated competition. The World Street Skateboarding Championships had always been her dream. She wanted to show off her skills and prove she was one of the best. Every trick she did, she put her whole heart into it, pushing herself to do better. She stayed focused and determined, even with all the pressure.
Cui made an impressive landing off the difficult high rail. The crowd erupted into cheers as she flawlessly executed the trick, showcasing her mastery of the sport. With each trick, she felt more confident and pumped up. She knew this was her chance to shine. She pushed herself to do her best, flying through the air and doing crazy moves. And when it was all over, Cui won! She was so happy, knowing that she had worked hard and never gave up. She made her dreams come true with lots of effort and never giving up.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我特别想赢得这场比赛。’崔对她的父亲说。”可知，第一段可描写崔想赢得这场比赛的原因和她为之付出的努力。
②由第二段首句内容“崔完成了一次令人印象深刻的高轨着陆。”可知，第二段可描写崔完美表现并赢得比赛。
2.续写线索：表明决心——说明原因——完美表现——赢得比赛
3.词汇激活
行为类
①展示：show off/display
②证明：prove/testify
③突然爆发：erupt into/burst into
情绪类
①专注的：focused/single-minded
②高兴的：happy/pleased/delighted
【高分句型1】Her determination was palpable as she prepared for the highly anticipated competition.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】She wanted to show off her skills and prove she was one of the best.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)
【高分句型3】She pushed herself to do her best, flying through the air and doing crazy moves.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
America is one of the best travelling options for everyone. Here the Good Hotel Guide shares some of the top American hotels for travelers to choose from.
The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort
If you want a quiet, stress-free getaway, The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort might be just the place. Sitting right on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, this hotel is a destination unto itself. Meanwhile, staff goes out of their way to attend to their guests’ needs. However, if you are hoping to explore urban areas, be warned this hotel is located approximately 25 miles south of the city.
The Peninsula Chicago
Travelers describe the guest rooms as comfortable thanks to their modern techie touches, like a bedside remote command station that controls the lights, television and room temperatures. During your stay, guests recommend making time for the tasty Cantonese dishes served in the Shanghai Terrace restaurant. However, for many travelers, it was The Peninsula Chicago’s friendly service staff that convinced them to stay here again.
Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX
Located just 1,312 feet from Los Angeles International Airport, this hotel offers free 24-hour airport shuttles, easy access to the city center. With nearby motorways, Hollywood is just 12 miles away from Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX. Couples in particular like the location — they rated it 8.5 for a two-person trip because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.
Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel
This modern hotel provides free 24-hour dedicated shuttle service to Los Angeles International Airport, just 3 minutes’ drive away. Guests can relax in the outdoor heated pool. Recent guests give the courteous and professional staff high praise. Couples like the location best — they rated it 8.7 for a two-person trip.
1．If you want to relieve your tension, which hotel would you like to choose
A. Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX.
B. The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort.
C. The Peninsula Chicago.
D. Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel.
2．Which hotel is the most favorable to couples
A. The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort.
B. The Peninsula Chicago.
C. Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX.
D. Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel.
3．What do the four hotels have in common
A. They offer convenient access to the downtown area.
B. They have quality customer service.
C. They are popular among couples.
D. They are located near the airport.
This story is part of Nature’s 10, an annual list produced by the world’s leading science journal Nature, exploring individuals who contributed to the key developments in science. On the 2023 list published, the journal included a non-human entity — ChatGPT, for the first time.
ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. Models trained in similar ways on scientific data could help to build AI systems that can guide research, perhaps by designing new molecules or simulating cell behaviour, Zitnik adds.
But why include a computer program in a list of people who have shaped science in 2023 ChatGPT is not a person. But actually, it and other generative artificial-intelligence (AI) programs are changing how scientists work. They have also rekindled debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to regulate the interaction between the two. That’s why this year’s Nature’s 10 has a non-human addition.
Interestingly, Nature’s list also includes one of its creators. Ilya Sutskever, the chief scientist and cofounder of OpenAI, the organization that created ChatGPT, is one of the minds at the forefront of generative artificial intelligence. He saw this company as an opportunity to develop general artificial intelligence that could outperform humans and develop its own consciousness.
Sutskever believes that artificial intelligence’s potential is too great for models to be available to anyone who wants to use them, and he was among the first to realize that the systems that scientists like his mentor, Geoffrey Hinton, had begun to develop would begin to show their actual capabilities as computing power increased. In recent months, he devoted his efforts toward creating a method to direct and control artificial intelligence systems that are more intelligent than humans.
4．Which of the following is true about Nature’s 10 according to the passage
A. Nature’s 10 is celebrating the development of science technology.
B. Only human beings were elected as Nature’s 10 before.
C. Nature’s 10 was started in 2023 for the first time.
D. It was awarded by the local government yearly.
5．What is the second paragraph about
A. Experts’ opinions on ChatGPT.
B. How ChatGPT functions.
C. The application of ChatGPT in science research.
D. The promotion of ChatGPT.
6．What does the underlined word rekindled in paragraph 3 mean
A. Settled. B. Restarted. C. Participated. D. Launched.
7．Which of the following can best describe Ilya Sutskever’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A. Confident and cautious. B. Proud and concerned.
C. Objective and doubtful. D. Enthusiastic and warning.
The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years. Could this shark be a part of a newly discovered ancient shark species
This fossil’s original discovery was in 1975 on a farm just west of Morden, Manitoba. The skeleton was brought into the museum and was forgotten within the ever-growing fossil collection. The skeleton was hidden in the collections room for over 40 years and the center just recently found the fossil in its storage around eight years ago.
Adolfo Cuertara, the director of the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre, explained that “It’s a very special shark for many reasons. It’s highly possible that we are talking about a new species.” Although the shark has not been given a scientific name yet, the museum has unofficially named the skeleton, “Dave”, in honor of the farmer on whose land the skeleton was found.
After the fossil rediscovery, Dave was exhibited at the fossil center museum. Dave is around 15 feet long and is one of the largest well-preserved shark skeletons in the entire world. Within the paleontology (古生物学) world, complete shark fossils are extremely rare due to their soft cartilage (软骨结构) which disintegrates as they age. Dave’s shark species are filter feeders with no teeth, who receive their nutrition by absorbing it out of the water. Cuertara emphasizes Dave’s uniqueness by explaining, “The shape of the jaws and the skull and the kind of structures that it has, because the preservation is really amazing, is telling us that it is probably going to be a new species. The problem is now we need scientific papers and scientific research and this paper is underway.”
The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre is hopeful that more scientific research will provide more information on Dave’s ancient shark species. For now, Dave is currently on display at the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre and the museum has the exhibit up to date with their current information.
8．Where probably could you find this article
A. Science textbook of college.
B. Advertising brochure of museum.
C. Discovery column of magazine.
D. Bulletin board of animal world.
9．What does the underlined word “disintegrates” mean in the fourth paragraph
A. Die away. B. Break down. C. Build up. D. Lie down.
10．What evidence made scientists believe Dave is a new shark species
A. The structure of skull and jaw.
B. The preservation of jaw and the skull.
C. The uniqueness of no teeth structure.
D. The rare soft cartilage.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A. Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre displays Dave ancient shark species.
B. Dave’s shark species is a new species of ancient shark.
C. Canadian Museum rediscovers a new ancient shark species.
D. Dave’s shark skeleton is in honor of the farmer who rediscovered it.
Typically, people are more likely to share things that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kisses or an ice cream cone, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance or a colleague. As a result, it can be markers of a “thick relationship”, which can help babies work out who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.
Ashley Thomas, a developmental psychologist at MIT, and colleagues ran experiments of people engaging with puppets (木偶). Researchers, of course, can’t know exactly what babies are thinking. But tracking where they look is one way to get a hint. The idea is not that young children might be expecting an adult to comfort the puppet, Thomas says. Instead, the researchers expected that the young children would look toward the person that they expect to move first when the puppet expresses distress (悲伤), and that would be the person who has a closer relationship with the toy, she says.
For some of the experiments, the team showed 8-to 10-month-old babies or 16-to 18-month-old toddlers videos of a woman sharing an orange slice with a puppet. A second video depicted another woman and the puppet playing with a ball. During a final video that showed the puppet seemingly crying while seated between the two women, the kids’ eyes were drawn to the woman who had shared the orange slice — a sign the kids may have been expecting her to react.
The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets. The woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then one puppet’s mouth to share her saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. Infants and toddlers spent more time looking at the puppet that had swapped saliva after the woman showed distress.
This study throws new light on child’s psychology. But it’s unclear how the findings relate to the daily lives of young children. Future experiments could switch out actresses in the study for family members or teachers to better understand the role saliva may play in how babies and toddlers distinguish different types of relationships.
12．What can help babies figure out close relationships
A. Things that can result in an exchange of emotion.
B. Intimate actions that share saliva.
C. An ice cream cone in the Sweet Stop.
D. Behaviors that comfort the puppet.
13．How do researchers know who has a closer relationship with the puppet in babies’ eyes
A. By finding what babies are thinking.
B. By tracking where babies point.
C. By knowing who the young children look toward.
D. By watching who come to comfort the puppet.
14．What’s the purpose of paragraph 4
A. To give supporting evidence for the study results.
B. To show potential application of the study findings.
C. To make a brief conclusion of the study results.
D. To raise a reasonable doubt about the study process.
15．What’s the author’s attitude to this new finding
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Objective. D. Unclear.
二、七选五
16．New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. ① _________ They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists.
Academician Huang made three commitments to himself — to contribute his energy to scientific research; to apply his achievements in the fields; and to provide more opportunities for young people. “② _________ By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates,” he said.
Academician Jian Zhimin advised young students that persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. “③ _________ This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research,” he said.
Out of the 59 newly elected academicians this year, five of them are female scientists. Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. ④ _________
⑤ _________ For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare.
A. They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science.
B. In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China.
C. As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation.
D. She has both male and female students, who are irreplaceable to each other.
E. The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday.
F. I hope the honor I received can inspire more females to develop an interest in physics.
G. To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention.
三、完形填空（15空）
I had not visited Eton for many years. When one day passing from the Fellows’ Library into the Gallery, I caught sight of the 1 of my school friend Digby Dolben hanging just without the door among our most 2 contemporaries. I was 3 arrested and as I stood gazing on it, my 4 asked me if I knew who it was. I was thinking that I must be almost the only person who would know him. Far 5 of my boyhood were crowding 6 upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth.
This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there. 8 , how came Dolben there It was 9 he was a poet; and yet his poems were not known. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such of his poems as could have come to the eyes of the authorities who approved of this memorial would not 11 it. There was another 12 — the portrait bears its own certification. Though you might not perhaps understand the poet in it, you can see the soul immersed in deep thought, the habit of stainless (无瑕的) life, of 13 , of enthusiasm for high ideals. Such a being must have 14 remarkably among his fellows. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memory, loving grief would generously 15 him the glory which he had never worn.
17．A. statue B. character C. portrait D. theme
18．A. valuable B. distinguished C. familiar D. gracious
19．A. wholly B. partly C. curiously D. secretly
20．A. peers B. chairman C. leader D. companion
21．A. judgment B. thought C. memories D. behaviour
22．A. hurriedly B. freshly C. anxiously D. eagerly
23．A. selective B. splendid C. handsome D. challenging
24．A. Yet B. Therefore C. Thus D. However
25．A. because B. why C. that D. what
26．A. observed B. captured C. illustrated D. guarded
27．A. operate B. promote C. justify D. permit
28．A. appreciation B. reason C. cause D. effect
29．A. devotion B. ambition C. imagination D. symbol
30．A. brought about B. stood for C. stood out D. brought in
31．A. interpret B. grant C. appoint D. identify
四、短文填空
32．As soon as the weather gets cold in northern China, you’ll see a lot of vendors selling a delicious traditional delicacy — Bing Tang Hu Lu, or Tanghulu① _________ short. This snack, which originated in Beijing and Tianjin, traditionally ② _________ (consist) of hawthorn fruit coated in hard candy ③ _________ skewered (串住) on a bamboo stick.
The story begins with ④ _________ beautiful Chinese woman. The favorite concubine (妃子) of the Song Emperor Guangzong (1147-1200) fell seriously ill. No court doctor was able to cure her. ⑤ _________ (help), the emperor issued an appeal for doctors from among the ordinary people to come forward to help. A country doctor recommended eating red hawthorn fruits fried in brown sugar, which turned out to be effective.
Thus, sugar-coated hawthorn fruit became the favorite sugary snack of the Chinese imperial family, and court chefs were assigned ⑥ _________ (supply) it on a regular basis. After ⑦ _________ (reserve) for the nobility during the last imperial dynasty, the sticky delicacy has become ⑧ _________ (wide) popular among ordinary people in more recent times.
The round and red fruits were seen as good luck, ⑨ _________ (symbolize) togetherness. With time, it was believed that the snack brought good luck and wealth, hence ⑩ _________ (it) popularity at family celebrations and large meals. So, what could possibly stop you from giving it a try
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom发来邮件，请你推荐一部中国名著，请回复该邮件，内容包括：
1. 名著简介；2. 推荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Skateboarding, which is rooted in street culture and closely tied to lifestyles and attitudes of young people, is a sport that emphasizes freedom and personal techniques.
The 13-year-old girl, Cui, took up skateboarding in 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic did not allow her to practice rollerblading, which she began as a 3-year-old. One day, her father, a skateboarding enthusiast, suggested “why not try skateboarding at home instead ” That day she stepped onto the board for the first time, “It felt incredibly smooth. It was love at first sight.” Cui exclaimed. Within a year, she was reaching podiums (领奖台) at professional-level events, In 2022, she ranked third in the women’s street event at the provincial games. She soon joined the provincial skateboarding team and underwent a more comprehensive and structured training program.
In skateboarding, injuries are unavoidable, but when discussing the pain and the setbacks, Cui displayed a level of resilience (适应力) beyond her age. “When I started skateboarding, I thought it was great fun. Later, I realized people sustain a lot of injuries while skateboarding. But that is where the spirit of skateboarding lies.” she said. Most of the time, getting injured is just part of the process, and she simply pushes through it and perseveres, she added.
Earlier this year, Cui secured the 30th spot in the women’s street event at the World Street Skateboarding Championships. Until Wednesday, the title of China’s youngest Asian Games gold medalist belonged to 15-year-old skateboarder Chen Ye, who won the men’s park event on Monday.
The street competition involves skaters performing daring tricks on a tough course that features rails and gaps. September 28, 2023, the big day for Cui came.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
“I particularly wanted to win this one.” Cui said to her father.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
Cui made an impressive landing off the difficult high rail.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort部分中“If you want a quiet, stress-free getaway, The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort might be just the place.(如果你想要一个安静，无压力的度假，在基亚瓦岛高尔夫度假村的避难所可能只是一个地方)”可知，如果你想缓解你的压力，The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort是最佳选择。故选B项。
2．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX部分中“Couples in particular like the location — they rated it 8.5 for a two-person trip because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.(情侣们特别喜欢这里的地理位置——他们给两人旅行打了8.5分，因为这里很方便，工作人员也很热情)”可知，对情侣来说，Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX最有利。故选C项。
3．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据The Sanctuary at Kiawah Island Golf Resort部分中“Meanwhile, staff goes out of their way to attend to their guests’ needs.(与此同时，工作人员会不遗余力地满足客人的需求)”、The Peninsula Chicago部分中“However, for many travelers, it was The Peninsula Chicago’s friendly service staff that convinced them to stay here again.(然而，对于许多游客来说，是芝加哥半岛酒店友好的服务人员说服他们再次入住)”、Sonesta Los Angeles Airport LAX部分中“because of its convenience and the welcoming staff.(因为它的便利和热情的工作人员)”和Sheraton Gateway Los Angeles Hotel部分中“Recent guests give the courteous and professional staff high praise.(最近的客人对我们彬彬有礼和专业的工作人员给予了很高的评价)”可知，四家酒店的共同点是他们都有优质的客户服务。故选B项。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“On the 2023 list published, the journal included a non-human entity — ChatGPT, for the first time.(在公布的2023年名单中，该杂志首次纳入了一个非人类实体——ChatGPT)”可知，在此之前，只有人类能被选为“自然10强”。故选B项。
5．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT and related software can help to brainstorm ideas, enhance scientific search engines and identify research gaps in the literature, says Marinka Zitnik, who works on AI for medical research at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts. Models trained in similar ways on scientific data could help to build AI systems that can guide research, perhaps by designing new molecules or simulating cell behaviour, Zitnik adds.(马萨诸塞州波士顿的哈佛医学院从事人工智能医学研究的Marinka Zitnik说，ChatGPT和相关软件可以帮助集思广益，增强科学搜索引擎，并识别文献中的研究空白。Zitnik补充说，以类似的方式对科学数据进行训练的模型可以帮助建立指导研究的人工智能系统，也许可以通过设计新分子或模拟细胞行为来实现)”可知，本段主要讨论了ChatGPT和其他生成式人工智能程序如何改变科学家的工作方式，并提到了ChatGPT在指导研究和增强科学搜索引擎方面的潜在可能。由此可知，第二段介绍了ChatGPT在科学研究领域中的应用。故选C项。
6．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。前缀re-表示“重新；再”；结合常识和划线词后“debates about the limits of AI, the nature of human intelligence and how best to regulate the interaction between the two(关于人工智能的局限性、人类智能的本质以及如何最好地规范两者之间的互动的辩论)”可知，关于人工智能的这些话题的辩论并不是新事物，以前就已经有过很多相关的辩论，由此推知，ChatGPT的出现只是重新引发了相关辩论。故划线词rekindled与restarted“重新开始”意思接近。故选B项。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“He saw this company as an opportunity to develop general artificial intelligence that could outperform humans and develop its own consciousness.(他认为这家公司是开发通用人工智能的一个机会，它可以超越人类，发展自己的意识)”和最后一段中“he was among the first to realize that the systems that scientists like his mentor, Geoffrey Hinton, had begun to develop would begin to show their actual capabilities as computing power increased.(他是最早意识到，随着计算能力的提高，像他的导师杰弗里·辛顿这样的科学家开始开发的系统将开始显示其实际能力的人之一)”可推知，Ilya Sutskever认为人工智能会超越人类，发展自己的意识，对其能力充满信心(confident)；根据最后一段中“Sutskever believes that artificial intelligence’s potential is too great for models to be available to anyone who wants to use them(Sutskever认为，人工智能的潜力太大，任何想要使用它们的人都无法获得模型)”和“In recent months, he devoted his efforts toward creating a method to direct and control artificial intelligence systems that are more intelligent than humans.(最近几个月，他致力于创造一种方法来指导和控制比人类更聪明的人工智能系统)”可推知，Ilya Sutskever对人工智能的运用非常谨慎(cautious)，希望创造一种方法来指导和控制比人类更聪明的人工智能。故选A项。
8．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years.(加拿大化石发现中心最近“重新发现”了一具在博物馆收藏了近50年的古代鲨鱼骨架)”和最后一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre is hopeful that more scientific research will provide more information on Dave’s ancient shark species. For now, Dave is currently on display at the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre and the museum has the exhibit up to date with their current information.(加拿大化石发现中心希望更多的科学研究能提供更多关于戴夫古鲨鱼物种的信息。目前，戴夫目前正在加拿大化石发现中心展出，博物馆的展品与他们目前的信息同步)”可知，本文介绍了加拿大化石发现中心对其馆藏“古鲨鱼骨架”的再发现，并说明了其意义。由此推知，本文可能出自杂志中的发现栏目。故选C项。
9．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Within the paleontology (古生物学) world, complete shark fossils are extremely rare due to their soft cartilage (软骨结构) which disintegrates as they age.(在古生物学界，完整的鲨鱼化石极其罕见，因为它们的软骨会随着年龄的增长而disintegrates)”中“soft cartilage (软骨结构)”可推知，因为鲨鱼是软骨，所以随着年龄的增长，骨头会“分解”，很难保留下来。划线词disintegrates与动词短语Break down同义。故选B项。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“The shape of the jaws and the skull and the kind of structures that it has, because the preservation is really amazing, is telling us that it is probably going to be a new species.(颌骨和头骨的形状以及它的结构，因为保存得非常惊人地完好，告诉我们它可能是一个新物种)”可知，得到保存的颌骨和头骨让科学家相信戴夫是一种新的鲨鱼物种。故选B项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre has recently “rediscovered” an ancient shark skeleton that has been sitting in the museum’s collection for nearly 50 years.(加拿大化石发现中心最近“重新发现”了一具在博物馆收藏了近50年的古代鲨鱼骨架)”可知，文章主要介绍了加拿大化石发现中心对其馆藏“古鲨鱼骨架”的再发现，它可能是一种新的古老鲨鱼物种，所以“Canadian Museum rediscovers a new ancient shark species.(加拿大博物馆重新发现了一种新的古鲨鱼物种)”是文章的主要内容。故选C项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Typically, people are more likely to share things that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kisses or an ice cream cone, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance or a colleague. As a result, it can be markers of a ”thick relationship”, which can help babies work out who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.(通常情况下，人们更倾向于与家人或亲密的朋友分享可以引起唾液交换的东西，比如亲吻或冰淇淋甜筒，而不是与熟人或同事分享。因此，一项研究表明，这可能是“亲密关系”的标志，可以帮助婴儿弄清楚谁与另一个人关系密切)”可知，分享唾液的亲密行为可以帮助婴儿弄清楚亲密的关系。故选B项。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers, of course, can’t know exactly what babies are thinking. But tracking where they look is one way to get a hint.(当然，研究人员无法确切知道婴儿在想什么。但追踪他们看的地方是获得线索的一种方式)”和“Instead, the researchers expected that the young children would look toward the person that they expect to move first when the puppet expresses distress (悲伤), and that would be the person who has a closer relationship with the toy, she says.(她说，相反，研究人员预计，当木偶表现出悲伤时，年幼的孩子会把目光投向他们预计会首先移动的人，而这个人可能是与玩具关系更密切的人)”可知，通过观察孩子们在看谁，研究人员就能知道在婴儿眼中，谁与木偶关系更密切。故选C项。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。第四段“The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets. The woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then one puppet’s mouth to share her saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. Infants and toddlers spent more time looking at the puppet that had swapped saliva after the woman showed distress.(当一名妇女与两个木偶互动时，研究小组也看到了类似的结果。这个女人把手指先伸进嘴里，然后伸进一个木偶的嘴里，分享她的唾液。对于另一个，她只是先触摸自己的额头，然后触摸木偶的额头。在女人表现出痛苦后，婴儿和蹒跚学步的孩子会花更多的时间看那个分享唾液的木偶)”中详细介绍了另一个相关实验。结合段首句“The team saw similar results when one woman interacted with two puppets.(当一名妇女与两个木偶互动时，研究小组也看到了类似的结果)”可知，第四段是为研究结果提供支持性证据。故选A项。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This study throws new light on child’s psychology.(这项研究对儿童心理学有了新的认识)”和第段中“Future experiments could switch out actresses in the study for family members or teachers to better understand the role saliva may play in how babies and toddlers distinguish different types of relationships.(未来的实验可能会把研究中的女演员换成家庭成员或老师，以更好地理解唾液在婴幼儿如何区分不同类型的关系中可能发挥的作用)”可推知，作者肯定这一研究的作用与前景，所以对其持赞成的态度。故选A项。
16．答案：①-⑤ECGAB
解析：①上文“New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. (新晋院士在中国科学院颁证仪式后合影留念。)”描述新晋院士参加颁证仪式的场景，结合常识可知，E项“The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday. (59位新当选的院士在周五的典礼上宣誓就职。)”与上文内容相符，说明颁证仪式的时间和相关宣誓程序，下文“They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation’s scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists. (他们旨在是通过鼓励年轻一代和提高女科学家的作用，为国家的科学研究的发展做出更大的贡献。)”说明宣誓相关内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
②根据下文“By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates (让优秀的年轻人有足够的机会，我们可以培育一个多元化的科学界，并进行激烈的辩论)”可知，黄院士强调要给年轻人机会，C项“As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation. (作为院士，我们需要与年轻一代分享更多的机会。)”与黄院士观点一致，句中“As academicians, we...”是黄院士的自称。故选C项。
③上文“persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research. (坚持是科学研究道路上最宝贵的精神。)”和下文“This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research. (这种决心和毅力在科学研究中是必不可少的。)”强调“坚持”、“决心”和“毅力”，G项“To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention. (要在科学领域取得成功，最重要的是坚持初心。)”中表达同样的主旨，句中“persist with original intention”与上下文内容相照应。故选G项。
④上文“Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance. (金奎娟院士提到，女性有独特的视角，尊重女性的作用至关重要。)”提出女性科学家的重要性，A项“They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science. (他们适应力更强，这有助于科学的发展。)”承接上文，说明女性科学家的优势，句中指示代词“They”指代上文中“women”。故选A项。
⑤下文“For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare. (例如，她说，国家自然科学基金和优秀青年学者基金等资助机构已经放宽了年龄限制，考虑到女性生育和照顾孩子所需的时间和精力。)”提出相关机构在政策上对女性科学家的支持，是对B项“In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China. (近年来，金注意到中国对女科学家的支持越来越多。)”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. portrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracious优雅的。结合常识和下文可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
19．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. wholly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiously好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I stood gazing on it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. companion同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew who it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thought思想；C. memories回忆，记忆；D. behaviour行为。根据下文可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsome英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢？ A. Yet然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Thus因此；D. However然而。根据下文“how came Dolben there ”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“how came Dolben there ”提出疑问，“he was a poet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. observed观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his poems were not known”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. operate操作；B. promote促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciation欣赏；B. reason原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the portrait bears its own certification”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
29．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devotion奉献；B. ambition抱负；C. imagination想象力；D. symbol象征。根据句中“the soul immersed in deep thought”和“enthusiasm for high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brought about导致；B. stood for代表；C. stood out突出；D. brought in引进。根据上文可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中脱颖而出的人。故选C项。
31．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appoint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glory”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
32．答案：①in②consists③and④a⑤To help⑥to supply⑦being reserved⑧widely⑨symbolizing⑩its
解析：①考查介词。句意：中国北方的天气一转冷，你就会看到很多摊贩在卖一种美味的传统美食——冰糖葫芦，简称糖葫芦。in short是固定短语，意为“简称；简言之”。故填in。
②考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这种小吃起源于北京和天津，传统上是将山楂果裹上硬糖串在竹签上。consist of是句中谓语，意为“由……组成”，与主语This snack之间是主动关系， 描述客观实事用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。
③考查连词。句意：这种小吃起源于北京和天津，传统上是将山楂果裹上硬糖串在竹签上。 coated in hard candy和skewered (串住) on a bamboo stick作后置定语修饰名词词组hawthorn fruit，是两个并列的过去分词短语，用连词and连接。故填and。
④考查冠词。句意：故事从一个美丽的中国女人开始。可数名词Chinese woman在句中表示“一个中国女人”，泛指，beautiful发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：为了提供帮助，皇帝呼吁普通百姓中的医生前来帮忙。根据句意，“help”是“the emperor issued an appeal for doctors from among the ordinary people to come forward to help.”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填To help。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，冰糖葫芦成为中国皇室最喜欢的甜食，宫廷厨师被指派定期供应它。assign sb. to do...是固定搭配，意为“指派/派遣某人去做某事”，句中使用了其被动语态sb. be assigned to do...，意为“某人被指派某人做……”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填to supply。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：这种黏糊糊的美味在为最后一个皇朝的贵族保留之后，近年来在普通百姓中得到了广泛的欢迎。介词After后跟动名词作宾语，结合句意，reserve与其逻辑主语the sticky delicacy之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式being reserved。故填being reserved。
⑧考查副词。句意：这种黏糊糊的美味在为最后一个皇朝的贵族保留之后，近年来在普通百姓中得到了广泛的欢迎。提示词修饰形容词popular，用副词widely作状语，意为“普遍地，广泛地”。故填widely。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：圆形和红色的水果被视为好运，象征着团聚。分析句子可知，“(symbolize) togetherness”作伴随状语，symbolize(象征)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The round and red fruits之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动和伴随。故填symbolizing。
⑩考查代词。句意：随着时间的推移，人们相信这种零食会带来好运和财富，因此它在家庭庆祝活动和大餐中很受欢迎。提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词popularity。故填its。
33．答案：Dear Tom,
Learning you are interested in Chinese novels, I’m glad to share with you one of my favorites. Ordinary World, written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 1991.
The novel focuses mostly on young people from their hometown Shanbei striving to change their lives, a theme that has resonated with Chinese ever since. Not only will you learn about everyday hardships at that time, but also you will be uplifted by an ultimate optimism to challenge and rise above whatever trials we face in life. “Work hard and be kind, and someday you will be there,” says the novel.
I strongly recommend you to read the book and exchange your ideas with me.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
聚焦于：focus on→concentrate on
努力：strive→endeavor
艰难：hardship→difficulty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Ordinary World, written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in1991.
拓展句：Ordinary World, which was written by the late Chinese author Lu Yao, won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in1991.
【高分句型1】Learning you are interested in Chinese novels, I’m glad to share with you one of my favorites.(运用了现在分词作原因状语和省略that的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only will you learn about everyday hardships at that time, but also you will be uplifted by an ultimate optimism to challenge and rise above whatever trials we face in life.(运用了not only...but also句型和倒装句)
34．答案：“I particularly wanted to win this one,” Cui said to her father. Her determination was palpable as she prepared for the highly anticipated competition. The World Street Skateboarding Championships had always been her dream. She wanted to show off her skills and prove she was one of the best. Every trick she did, she put her whole heart into it, pushing herself to do better. She stayed focused and determined, even with all the pressure.
Cui made an impressive landing off the difficult high rail. The crowd erupted into cheers as she flawlessly executed the trick, showcasing her mastery of the sport. With each trick, she felt more confident and pumped up. She knew this was her chance to shine. She pushed herself to do her best, flying through the air and doing crazy moves. And when it was all over, Cui won! She was so happy, knowing that she had worked hard and never gave up. She made her dreams come true with lots of effort and never giving up.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我特别想赢得这场比赛。’崔对她的父亲说。”可知，第一段可描写崔想赢得这场比赛的原因和她为之付出的努力。
②由第二段首句内容“崔完成了一次令人印象深刻的高轨着陆。”可知，第二段可描写崔完美表现并赢得比赛。
2.续写线索：表明决心——说明原因——完美表现——赢得比赛
3.词汇激活
行为类
①展示：show off/display
②证明：prove/testify
③突然爆发：erupt into/burst into
情绪类
①专注的：focused/single-minded
②高兴的：happy/pleased/delighted
【高分句型1】Her determination was palpable as she prepared for the highly anticipated competition.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】She wanted to show off her skills and prove she was one of the best.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)
【高分句型3】She pushed herself to do her best, flying through the air and doing crazy moves.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
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