人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration Reading for Writing 课件(共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
Unit 3
Sea Exploration
Express your opinions on sea exploration
To analyzes the arguments and evidence in the texts.
To express your opinions on sea exploration.
To learn to write an argumentative essay with the help of PEEL method.
Read the first paragraph of the two texts and answer the questions.
2 What are the three parts in argumentative essays
1 What is the text type of the two passages
Lead in
Paragraph 1 (Text 1)When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
Paragraph 1 (Text 2)
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
Argumentative essay
Argument, evidence, restatement / recommendation / a call to action
Detailed-Reading：Main structure
Argumentative Essay
Main Point (Para. 1)
Body (Para. 2 ~ 4)
Conclusion (Para. 5)
supporting ideas
Activity 1
Text 1When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water.
Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.
Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so-called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us.
Read the two texts below and find the supporting ideas
Conclusion
If we don’t protect it, future generations won’t forgive us.
Text 2
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.
The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
Read the two texts below and find the supporting ideas
Conclusion：
Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.
Part.1: Argument
Part.3: Restatement
Part.2: Evidence
check the arguments分论点 and evidence论据 in it.
1
argument
evidence
2
1. Exploration causes pollution.
Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Plastic pollution
2. Mining for resources is
damaging.
It hurts the Arctic.
Burning fossil fuels adds
to climate change.
3. Overfishing is a problem.
Whales and dolphins are
hunted.
Banned, but some
countries still doing it.
3
check the arguments分论点 and evidence论据 in it.
1
argument
evidence
2
1. Exploration causes pollution.
Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Plastic pollution
2. Mining for resources is
damaging.
It hurts the Arctic.
Burning fossil fuels adds
to climate change.
3. Overfishing is a problem.
Whales and dolphins are
hunted.
Banned, but some
countries still doing it.
3
Text 2
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.
The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
Read the two texts below and find the supporting ideas
Conclusion：
Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.
text 2 ：main argument 主论点
We must explore the oceans which cover most of it .
2024/3/2
1
2
check the arguments and evidence in Text2.
argument
evidence
1. Sea exploration is important
for our future.
Scientific research ships
can help address important
issues like climate change.
2. Understanding more about
the sea will also help us
manage its resources better.
New medicines, food
resources and energy.
Predict events such as
earthquakes.
3
3. We need new resources for
future development.
Vast amounts of resources
may be under the sea and ice.
Look at the two charts below and decide which one supports which text.
Activity 2
1979
1984
1989
1994
1999
2004
2009
Text 2
Text 1
Global trends in the state of world marine fish stocks
Writing:
Argumentative essay
on sea exploration
本单元的写作任务是辩论性议论文。一般包括四段：
第一段——说明辩论的主题；
第二段——表明正方的观点及其理由；
第三段——表明反方的观点及其理由；
第四段——陈述自己的观点。
(有时也可以分为三段：第一段说明辩论的主题；第二段表明正方和反方的观点及理由；第三段表明作者自己的观点。)
技 法 点 拨
文体分析 把握写作动脉
写作指导
Based on your note, write an argumentative
essay on sea exploration, expressing your
opinions with supporting facts.
The following questions may help you.
What is the purpose of sea exploration
How does sea exploration help us to protect
the sea
How does sea exploration cause damage to
the sea
Is there a good balance between protection
and exploitation
Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.
Point
What point do you want to make
Evidence
What facts and examples can you find to support your point How reliable are the sources
Explanation
Explain how the facts support your opinion and show other opinions to be incorrect.
Link
Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph.
【文章架构】
明确体裁话题
议论文，探索海洋
确定时态人称
一般现在时，第一人称
布局文章架构
首段：提出论点
中段：事例论据
尾段：明确结论
列出核心要点
1. 使海洋可持续发展
2. 了解海洋环境
3. 更好地了解气候
Useful Expressions
Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
Never in our history has the idea that... been so popular.
Faced with ... quite a few people argue that ...
According to a recent survey ...
With the rapid development of ...
论点
Some people think/believe that..., other argue/claim that...
The opposite/reverse is ...
Obviously it has both advantages and disadvantages．
... has many advantages. For example...
However, just as every coin has two sides, ... has its disadvantages．
It play(s) an important role／part in ...
With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious．
论据
From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
It is high time that ...
We should take measures to control the rapidly increasing world population．
The government decided to take strong measures against ...
It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
There is no easy method, but ... might be of some help.
To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
结论
Sample Writing
Even though the oceans make up about 70% of the earth's surface, more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored. While some people say that we should not explore the oceans, their reasoning is not very sound. Exploring is not the same as exploiting. When we explore a place, we go just to see and understand what is there.
We should explore the ocean, first and foremost, because we do not know what we do not know. We thought we knew many about the ocean, but we were wrong. There could be life forms in the ocean,
for example, that fit none of the neat categories we have for life while we have no clue that they even exist.
This brings up the second point. We already know many things about the ocean, but we need to learn more. A good example is ocean acidification. We know that it is causing coral to die. We know that using less fossil fuel would cause the process to slow down. However, we need to learn more to find out how to stop it. We need more research to see what is going on, and to come up with plans and solutions.
Finally, to do this research, we have to enter an extreme environment not very friendly to humans.
This requires the development of new technologies that can also benefit us in other areas. For example, in many ways, the deep ocean resembles outer space. The technologies can benefit each other. For another instance, the technology of a mechanical arm to collect samples with has been used in factories and development of artificial limbs for humans.
All in all, there are many good reasons to explore the oceans. If we care about science, about protecting our oceans, and about developing new technologies, we need to do all we can to support ocean exploration.
假定你是李华，最近你班就人类是否应该进行海洋探索进行了讨论，请根据讨论结果，给某英文报社的编辑写一封信。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。
Writing
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.获取更多的海底资源； 2.提高对地球上生命的理解。 1.造成海洋污染，导致海洋生命死亡； 2.破坏生态系统。 ……
审题定调
1.确定体裁:本次写作是一篇议论文，内容涉及海洋探索。
2.确定人称:本文要用第三人称。
3.确定时态:时态以一般现在时为主。
框架结构：三段式
Para. 1: 说明辩论的主题----人类是否应该进行海洋探索；
Para. 2: 第一种：表明正方的观点及其理由和表明反方的
观点及其理由；
第二种：表明正方或反方的观点及理由
Para. 3: 表明作者自己的观点。
1. There is a heated debate over the exploration of sea, and from my point of view ...
2. When it comes to sea exploration, people’s opinions differ a lot ...
3. It is through sea exploration that many valuable resources are uncovered...
4. What calls for your special attention is that ...
5. There is no doubt that ... There is no denying that ...
It goes without saying that ... It goes beyond argument that ...
6. Necessary as sea exploration is, it does lead to a handful of problems, including ...
7. With all above mentioned taken into consideration, it is worthwhile to ...
8. In conclusion, the benefits of sea exploration greatly outweigh the risks ...
Useful expressions
Dear Editor,
Recently there is a heated debate over the exploration of sea in our class.
Some of the students subscribe to the view that sea needs to be explored fully. That's because it will make it possible for people to discover new sources of food and energy. In addition, it might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth. However, others are against it, because they believe it might bring about marine pollution, which finally leads the ocean creatures to death. Worse still, it also might do damage to the ecosystem.
Personally, sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
Yours,
Li Hua
Sample Writing
假定你是某校的宣传委员李华，应邀为学校网站英文版写一篇有关海洋生物保护的文章，请根据以下要点写一篇短文。
1. 海洋受污染的现状;
2. 保护海洋的重要性。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。
The Importance of Protecting Our Oceans
As we all know, there are varieties of resources under the sea. However, the past ten years has witnessed that some creatures have died out. Therefore, marine pollution has been greatly concerned by the whole world.
On the one hand, we must make people realize the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact, to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. On the other hand, the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of nature. In no way should we abandon protecting the environment. Only by raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment and making great efforts to prevent pollution can the problem be solved.
　　假设你是李华，最近你班就“人类是否应该为了城市建设对土地进行开发”展开了讨论。请根据讨论结果，写一封120词左右的信给某英文报社的编辑来报道此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1.城市的发展需要修建更多的道路，给人们带来方便； 2.有利于经济的发展。 …… 1.农业是根本； 2.绿化减少，会造成更多的污染。 …… ……
谋篇
第一段：说明讨论的话题——人类是否应该进行土地开发；
第二段：说明正方和反方的观点及理由；
第三段：表明自己的观点。
遣词造句
核心词汇
1.执行 _________
2.支持 ________________
3.也，又，还 ________
4.反对 _________________
5.导致 ______
6.造成生态系统破坏 _________________________
carry out
in favour of/be for
as well as
be against/object to
lead to
cause ecosystem destruction
Appreciation
When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it.
仿写：当人们谈到城市建设时，那就意味着要开发土地。
Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future.
仿写：反对者有可能会对此很担心，但开发土地对我们的未来是非常重要的。
when people talk of/ when it comes to urban construction more, they usually mean exploiting the land.
Opponents/Objectors may be concerned, but land exploration is important for our future.
According to the sentences above,what is the text type
连词成句
1.很多新的楼房建了起来，路也都拓宽了。给人们带来了极大的便利。
Many new houses and roads .
2.开发过多的土地可能会造成农田减少。
Land exploitation might land lessened.
3.绿化减少会造成更多的污染问题。
Less green will .
have been built
It will definitely bring convenience to the citizens.
bring about
cause a large number of problems
have been widened
感谢观看
Write an argumentative essay on land exploration, expressing your opinions with supporting facts.
The following questions may help you.
What is the purpose of land exploitation
How does land exploitation help us to construct the city
How does land exploitation cause damage
Is there a good balance between protection and exploitation
2 Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.
Point What point do you want to make
Evidence What facts and examples can you find to support your point How reliable are the sources
Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion and show other opinions to be incorrect.
Link Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph.