牛津译林版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world online Grammar and usage课件(共24张PPT)

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名称 牛津译林版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world online Grammar and usage课件(共24张PPT)
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资源类型 教案
版本资源 牛津译林版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2024-03-02 16:11:02

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(共24张PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Verb-ing forms as attributives,adverbials and object complements
Unit 3
The world online
语法感悟
语法精讲
达标检测
语法 感悟
请认真阅读下列句子,感悟体会句中的v.-ing形式
1.JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers.
2.You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.
3.Fiona had the idea after she watched her daughter dancing two years ago.
4.Having achieved such success,Fiona hopes to attract more users through other forms of new media.
5.She always found dance relaxing after a long day at school.
6.The website welcomes inspiring stories from dance lovers...
1.动词-ing形式作定语的句子有 。
2.动词-ing形式作状语的句子有 。
3.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的句子有 。
4.比较句 和句 可以看出,单个动词-ing形式作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词 ;动词-ing形式短语作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词

5.比较句 和句 可以看出,句 中动词-ing形式为 式,表示该动作与谓语动词所表示的动作 ;句 中动词-ing形式为_____式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
自主发现
返 回
1、6
2、4
3、5
1
6
前面
后面
2
4
2
一般
同时发生
完成
4
语法 精讲
一、动词-ing形式作定语
1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般有两种含义。
(1)说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能
a reading room=a room which is used for reading阅览室
running shoes=shoes for running跑鞋
(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态
developing countries=countries that are developing发展中国家
an ordinary-looking house=a house that looks ordinary一所看起来很普通的房子
2.动词-ing形式短语作定语,常置于被修饰的名词之后。
The students running along the street are from No.3 Middle School.
那些正沿着街跑步的学生来自第三中学。
Tell the boys playing over there not to make any noise.
告诉那些在那儿玩的男孩别制造噪声。
3.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别。
现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成意义;不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
地上满是落叶。
I’m looking for a house to live in.
我正在找房子住。
二、动词-ing形式作状语
(一)动词-ing形式作状语的类型
1.作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)
Walking in the park,she saw an old friend.
=When/While (she was) walking in the park,she saw an old friend.
当她在公园里散步时,她看到了一个老朋友。
注意:当表示正在进行的动作时,可直接在分词前面加上when/while,此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2.作原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句)
Being ill,he couldn’t go to school.
=As he was ill,he couldn’t go to school.
因为生病了,他无法去上学。
3.作条件状语(一般放在句首,可转换成由if,unless引导的条件状语从句)
Working hard,you’ll make great progress.
=If you work hard,you’ll make great progress.
如果你努力工作,你将取得很大进步。
4.作结果状语
动词-ing形式作结果状语时,通常放在句末,中间用逗号隔开,表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,allowing more patients to be treated.
这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备,这使更多的病人能得到治疗。
注意:动词-ing形式作结果状语,是随着谓语动作的发生而产生的自然结果,有时前面可加上副词thus,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,有时前面可以加only。试比较:
He was caught in the rain,thus making himself catch a cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school,only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校,结果发现是星期天。
5.作让步、方式和伴随状语
动词-ing形式作让步、方式和伴随状语时,说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时,表示分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,此时相当于一个并列句。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom,reading a book.
=Mary sat by the window of the classroom and she was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读着一本书。
注意:为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义,可在其前加上各种连词。例如,加上when,while,强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生;加上before,after,强调动作先后发生;加上(al)though,强调让步等。
Though knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.
尽管他们了解这一切,但还是让我赔偿损失。
(二)动词-ing形式作状语的几个难点
1.现在分词的完成式(having done)作状语
当现在分词的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用现在分词的完成式,并且完成式只能作状语。
Having finished the letter,he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(finish是先发生的动作,go是后发生的动作)
Having worked for three hours,he took a rest.(work的动作发生在take a rest 的动作之前)
工作了三个小时之后,他休息了一会。
注意:当现在分词和句子主语之间是被动关系时要用被动形式。
Having been shown around the factory,they were very happy.
被领着参观了工厂后,他们很高兴。
2.动词-ing形式的否定式:not+v.-ing;not having+v.-ed
Not knowing this,he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事,所以没来。
Not having made full preparations,we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备,我们把运动会延期了。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常在以下结构中作动词的宾语补足语
1.表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,look at,listen to等)+sb+doing sth(作宾语补足语)
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人站在我后面。
I saw the little boy crying there.
我看到小男孩在那儿哭。
2.表示指使意义的使役动词(have,keep,get,leave等)+sb/sth+doing sth(作宾语补足语)
We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火整夜燃烧着。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
注意:使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”;接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”。
The boss made his workers work 12 hours a day.
老板让他的工人们每天工作12 个小时。
3.用于with复合结构中
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
由于噪音不断,我没法做家庭作业。
With so many people looking at her,she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她,她感到紧张。
返 回
达标检测
用本单元的语法完成下面短文
1. (住得离学校远。现在分词作原因状语),Tom has to take a bus to school every day.One day,he found that the man 2. (站在他旁边的。现在分词作定语) was stealing a wallet from a young lady.Tom told it to the bus driver in a whisper.As soon as the bus arrived at the next stop,he found two policemen 3.________
_____________(正等着这名小偷。现在分词作宾语补足语).
返 回
Living far from school
standing next to him
for the thief
waiting
本课结束