牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points课件(共43张PP

(共43张PPT)
Period 2
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
基础知识巩固
核心考点突破
高考热点微练
知识巩固
基础
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.My bedroom is 4 meters in and 3 meters in width.
2.We all know that the sun has an impact on all things.
3.Without a proper warm-up，exercise may do more than good instead.
4.These trees have survived for (百万) of years.
5.A good way to protect (物种) under threat of extinction is to let them go back to zoos and breed them there.
length
living
harm
millions
species
6.Somehow，there was a (大量，一大群) of people around the supermarket entrance.
7.The storm caused some (损坏) to some houses，but they were not destroyed.
8.We like going fishing at this lake on weekends，where there are more than 20 (种类) of fish.
9.Mary enjoyed feeling the warm sand (在……下面) her feet.
10.He was surprised that many species of wildlife had from our planet forever.
mass
damage
varieties
beneath
disappeared
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1.To describe it at ，you’d better your report so that the workshop(研讨会) will be a little .(length)
2.His seemed very particular and his from the party very strange.(disappear)
3.Staying up constantly can be to your health.In fact it does more than good.(harm)
4.The old man was the only who that terrible battle.
He told a reporter that he had to on little food left during those days. His was a real wonder.(survive)
length
lengthen
longer
appearance
disappearance
appeared
harmful
harm
survivor
survived
survive
survival
5.France is the world’s second biggest exporter of ___________ (agriculture)
products.
6.There are kinds of storybooks in the store， from Chinese stories to English stories.(variety)
7.Shortly after suffering from a (mass) earthquake，the city took on a new look.
8.You are supposed to take some food to ensure you obtain enough .(nutrient)
agricultural
various
varying
massive
nutritious
nutrients
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. ，the little boy had to stay at home all day.(独立主格结构)
由于有很多家庭作业要做，小男孩只好一整天待在家里。
2. wounded peasant boy.(全部倒装)
躺在地板上的是一个受伤的农家男孩。
Lots of homework to do
Lying on the floor was a
3.The museum houses a wide range of antiques，__________________ dating back to the Ming Dynasty attracts me most.(介词＋which引导定语从句)
这个博物馆收藏了各种各样的古董，其中一个明代的花瓶最吸引我。
4. ，I can see his shortcomings.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管我承认他的优点，但我也发现了他的不足。
among which a vase
While I admit his good points
返 回
考点突破
核心
n.&vt.伤害，损害(harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的)
harm
do/cause harm to sb/sth＝do/cause sb/sth harm对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事并无害处。
do (sb) more harm than good(对某人)弊大于利
be harmful to...对……有害
1
(1)It is known to us that many poisonous chemicals are released into the air， (harm) our living environment.
(2)There is no harm giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards.
(3)The doctor says that this material is (harm) to human beings and has no impact on our health.
(4)(2023·新课标全国Ⅰ)The task John set for himself was to remove ________
(harm) substances from some sludge(污泥).
harming
in
harmless
harmful
(5)(应用文写作之建议信)不可否认，过度使用互联网在一定程度上损害了我们的身心健康。
①There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent ______
____________________________.(harm vt.)
②There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent ______
_________________________________________.(harm n.)
③There is no denying that overusing the Internet to some extent _____
______________________________________.(harmful)
harms
our physical and mental health
causes harm to our physical and mental health
does/
is
harmful to our physical and mental health
n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体(various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的 vary v.改变；不同)
variety
2
a variety of
varieties of
种类繁多的；各种各样的
vary from...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
vary with...随着……而变化
vary in...在……方面变化/有差异
(1)(2022·全国甲)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in (vary) countries.
(2)(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing _________(vary) of wildlife.
(3)The research team is made up of pupils whose ages vary 10 15.
(4)The scenery of the Three Gorges varies the seasons，and you can enjoy different pleasures.
various
variety
from
to
with
(5)Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium，_____________________________
______________________________.(定语从句；词汇升级)
which has various/varieties of/a
variety of well-equipped facilities
survive sth幸免于……；从……活过来
survive on依靠……生活
survive sb by...比某人多活……
survive from...从……时留存/流传下来
vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难(survival n.生存；幸存 survivor n.生还者，幸存者)
3
survive
(1)If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of (survive).
(2)Mr Wang was the only in his family，who the earthquake in 1976.(survive)
survival
survivor
survived
(3)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving entirely discarded(丢弃的) food.
(4)Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness，she still survived her husband 5 years.
(5)According to the expert，some strange customs have ______________
_____________.
据专家说，有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
on
by
survived from
earlier times
4
do/cause damage to...对……造成损害
damage one’s health损害某人的健康
vt.&n.损害，伤害；损坏，破坏
damage
(1)I have a very strong fear that the lie we’re telling is doing spiritual damage our children.
(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)We’d better get rid of the bad habit of smoking，for smoking can .
我们最好改掉吸烟的坏习惯，因为吸烟会对我们的健康造成损害。
to
do/cause damage to our health
[辨析]　damage，destroy与ruin
damage 程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，一般可修复
destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等
ruin 表示“毁坏，毁灭”，指彻底的毁坏，原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，多用于比喻。ruin还可用于美好经历或有用东西的损坏
The illness has ruined my life.这个病毁掉了我的生活。
The bomb completely destroyed that building.炸弹彻底炸毁了那栋建筑。
You have damaged my bike; you’d better get it repaired.你弄坏了我的
自行车，你最好找人修修。
5
by turns轮流地，交替地
take turns to do sth轮流做某事
it’s one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事
it turns/turned out that...结果是……
相应地，转而；轮流，依次
in turn
(1)用turn的相关短语填空
(2020·天津)一些学生代表轮流在成人礼上发言。最后轮到我发言了。就我个人而言，过去是我们的父母和老师在很多方面帮助了我们，相应地，从现在起我们应该帮助他们。
Some student representatives to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony.Finally，it .Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and ，we should give a helping hand to them from now on.
took turns
was my turn
in turn
(2)(2023·全国乙)As it ，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians.
结果，道格拉斯击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这正是她成为奥运会冠军所需要做的。
turned out
6
be due to do sth预期做某事
be due to sb应支付/归于某人
be due for sth预定做某事；应得到某物
由于，因为(due adj.由于，因为；预定的；到期的；适当的；应支付 n.应有的权利)
due to
(1)(2021·全国乙)Due the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel，various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
(2)The old man said the accident was due careless driving，so a lot of money was due (pay) by the driver.
写出下列句子中加颜色词的词性及汉语意思
(3)The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books. __________
(4)After due consideration it was decided to send him away to live with his foster parents. _________
to
to
to be paid
adj.到期的
adj.适当的
7
倍数表达法
【教材原句】　With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。(P2)
more than half the size of China是“倍数表达法”的一种表达形式。英语中常见的倍数表达方式有：
A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词(比较级)＋than＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词(原级)＋as＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋what从句
注意：表达“两倍”时，用twice或double，三倍或以上时则用“基数词＋times”来表达。表示倍数也可用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语。
(1)My school has expanded into a big one，which is twice as big the former one.
(2)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
(3)The number of students now in this region is four times it was ten years ago.
as
faster
what
(4)这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们的学校是十年前的三倍大。
①The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school what it was ten years ago.(size)
②The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school what it was ten years ago.(as)
③The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our school what it was ten years ago.(than)
is three times the size of
is three times as large as
is three times larger than
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“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【教材原句】　 The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6 400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。(P2)
from which the rainforest gets its name是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰The Amazon River。
“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制
性定语从句，关系代词只能用which或whom。修饰物时用which，修
饰人时用whom。
介词的确定根据以下方面来选择：
①句意；
②定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配；
③表示所属关系或者表示“整体中的一部分”都用of。
(1)I bought a great many books about climate， which I spent all my money that I had saved.
(2)Many young people，most of are well-educated，realize the importance of the biodiversity on the Earth.
(3)(应用文写作之校园生活)I have actively attended English lectures，
British and American cultures.我积极参加了英语讲座，从中我充分了解了英美文化。
on
whom
from which I have a good knowledge of
(4)(应用文写作之环保活动)The activity，the aim ____________________
__________ of environmental protection，appeals to a mass of volunteers.
这个旨在提高我们的环境保护意识的活动吸引了很多志愿者。
of which is to raise our
awareness
9
完全倒装结构
【教材原句】　Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。(P3)
Above that is the mass of leaf litter...是完全倒装结构。正常语序为The mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor is above that.
有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可用全部倒装结构。构成全部倒装结构的条件：
表示地点或方位的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away；表
示时间的副词now，then; 表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首。
谓语动词通常是表示姿势的不及物动词(如crouch，hang，lie，sit，stand
等)和表示行动的不及物动词(如come，die，go，run，live，rise等)。
注意：句子的主语是名词时主谓需要倒装，如果句子的主语是代词，则主谓不倒装。
(1)As soon as the bell rang，out (rush) the children.
(2)(应用文写作之景点介绍)To the west of the city (stand) an old library in which many ancient books are well preserved.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信) on how to keep a balance between a part-time job and study.
以下是如何平衡兼职工作和学习的一些建议。
(4)(应用文写作之校园介绍)In the centre of our school ，which is between the garden and the teaching building.
我们学校的中心矗立着我们的图书馆，它在花园和教学楼之间。
rushed
stands
Here are some suggestions
lies our library
(5)(读后续写之人物动作描写) ，lowering his head and crying silently.
正站在教室外的是一位男孩，低着头默默地哭着。
返 回
Standing outside the classroom is a boy
热点微练
高考
Ⅰ.一词多义
break down
A.使分解(为)，使变化(成)　B.停止运转，出故障　C.(谈判等)失败
D.打破，消除　E.垮掉
1.The computer system broke down suddenly，causing great losses to the company.
2.Sugar and starch(淀粉) are broken down in the stomach.
3.If you often take on more work than you can do，your health will break down sooner or later.
____
____
____
B
A
E
4.Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
5.She made numerous efforts to break down colour lines in public places.
____
____
C
D
break down
A.使分解(为)，使变化(成)　B.停止运转，出故障　C.(谈判等)失败
D.打破，消除　E.垮掉
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1.Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.(2023·全国甲)
2.The building is open to the public and houses a museum of motorcycles and cars.
_____________
________________________
n.基础；根基
返 回
vt.给……提供场地；安置
本课结束