2024届新教材（广西专用）高考英语二轮复习专题二七选五课件(共143张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届新教材（广西专用）高考英语二轮复习专题二七选五课件(共143张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-02 17:36:44 | ||
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(共143张PPT)
专题二 七选五
英 语
内容索引
No . 1 考情透析 明晰七选五考什么
No.2 读文总策略 缩小七选五选项范围必备3大策略
No.3 题型微技法 提升七选五解题7大技法
No.4 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
No.1 考情透析 明晰七选
五考什么
高考命题透析
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与自我
面对错误如何自我谅解 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 人与自我
如何开始艺术之旅 1 3 1
全国乙卷 人与自然
室内种植植物的好处 0 3 2
全国甲卷 人与自我
成为一个有耐心的人 1 3 1
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与社会
如何选择锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
全国乙卷 人与社会
如何与相距较远的朋友保持长久的友谊 3 1 1
全国甲卷 人与社会
在不同文化中,外出就餐注意的事项 1 3 1
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与社会
感悟巴黎人的与众不同 1 4 0
浙江卷 人与社会
创建网站的过程及其现状 0 4 1
全国乙卷 人与自我
如何做一个有趣的聚餐人 2 2 1
全国甲卷 人与社会
通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法 1 4 0
命题专家谈高考
1.体裁特征
以说明文为主, 着重考查逻辑推理
2.文章结构
文章结构清晰, 内容完整, 考查段落标题、主旨句和过渡句等。篇章结构以 “提出问题→解决问题” 为主。
3.选项特点
七个选项中有两个干扰项, 句型不同, 长短不一, 排列由短到长。
4.设空特点
以考查上下文逻辑关系为主, 考查段落主旨句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。
5.词数
正文词数200左右, 选项词数100左右。
解题策略指导
No.2 读文总策略 缩小七选
五选项范围必备3大策略
策略一 利用外在线索, 缩小选项范围
七选五共有七个选项, 每个题目有七种选择, 对很多考生来说, 难度很大。但是, 明确挖空特点和篇章结构, 利用语篇标记信息, 例如, 小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等, 就能缩小选择范围, 降低题目难度。
策略二 依据内在关系, 确保解题正确
解答七选五的内在关系主要指语篇内部的逻辑关系和词汇线索, 包括词汇复现、代词的指代关系等。
策略三 多维思考, 提升读文速度
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
No.3 题型微技法 提升七选五解题7大技法
类型一 利用外在线索
技法1 关注小标题
在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 有些段落由小标题引领。如设空处恰好处于小标题的位置, 则该处应为一个小标题。而小标题的供选项一般为祈使句, 相对于其他选项, 句子较短, 特征比较突出。一个小标题常有两个供选项, 其中一个为迷惑选项, 通常也是最终多余的两个选项之一, 不会是任何题的答案。小标题线索题目较为明显, 题目较为简单, 学生容易发现小标题的特征, 可优先做该题。
【典例印证】
(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)
...
· 39
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic(过敏) to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
·Ask questions.
...
A.This will make getting answers easier.
B.Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C.You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D.Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E.Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F.Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G.Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
思维流程
第一步: 根据第39题所在的位置可知, 这是一个小标题。
第二步: 分析语篇可知, 小标题是祈使句。选项中只有E项和F项是祈使句, 因此只能从这两项中选择。 根据下段内容可知, 讲述的内容与medical history有关, 这是解题的关键。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2022·全国乙卷)
...
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
...
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案 A
解析 根据空白处位置可知, 该题考查小标题。小标题是该段大意的概括。根据该段的内容可知, 周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期, 为避免遗忘, 要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来, 故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。故选A项。
B
(2021·河北衡水名校联盟押题)
...
Summarise the complaint.
If your complainer keeps repeating himself, ask something like, “Can I tell you that I've heard and gotten it ” Using “I” statements (“I've heard...”) rather than “you” statements (“You keep repeating yourself”) shows that you're interested rather than trying to shut the person up.
38 .
When a frequent complainer tells you about her latest problem, ask nicely what she's done to improve it. This isn't the usual direction a grievance-laden conversation takes, and it may help to abruptly end a rant.
Be honest.
...
A.Focus on the effect
B.Challenge the person to act
C.When you have things to do
D.Avoid saying the word complaining
E.It's important to talk about the problem
F.Sometimes a complaint changes an unfavourable situation into a more desirable one
G.If your co-worker is saying bad words about your boss, ask whether he met the new employee
答案 B
解析 设空处是小标题形式, 分析语篇可知, 前后的标题都是祈使句, 可以把答案锁定在A、B和D三个选项中, 根据下文的ask nicely what she's done to improve it可以确定是act, 而非the effect或者the word complaining。故选B项。
技法2 留意主旨句
在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 观察每一部分的段落结构, 如果每个段落都有主旨句引领, 这些主旨句往往句式相同, 并且前面常有实心圆点标注。如果设空处恰恰在这个位置, 那么它就是一个段落主旨句, 然后就要根据本段内容做出选择。
【典例印证】
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
...
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
A.Feeling upset again
B.Where do you start
C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D.Remember,you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start
思维流程
第一步: 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在D、E和F三个选项之间。
第二步: 根据后面的 “Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.”, 以及后面的两个问句“Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs ” 可知,本段主要讲不要把自己和他人对比。F项的意思是 “停止你自己与他人做比较。”
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·福建福州6月适应性练习)
...
● 19 If you are the kind of person who is open to advice, complain to a friend about your stress. Friends can work as a support group, and they may provide you with solutions. Sometimes, you can't see the easy way out of situation when you are standing right in the middle of it.
●Make a list. Having too much to do may cause you to rush around. If you are moving faster, it feels as if you are getting more done...
A.Talk it through.
B.Be a good listener.
C.These aren't solutions.
D.It pays to try new things.
E.But this is a false impression.
F.It can also impact how your body functions.
G.Focus on the first kind and ignore the others.
答案 A
解析 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Make a list.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在A、B和G三个选项之间。根据下文的 “If you are the kind of person who... when you are standing right in the middle of it.” 可知, 通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力来缓解压力, 即通过交谈来缓解压力, 由此可知, A项 “好好谈一谈。” 符合语境。故选A项。
B
(2023·广东汕头高三一模)
...
Growth of the restaurant industry
40 The wide reach of delivery services put restaurants more visible and thus will help in attracting new customers. Restaurants will be able to increase their sales and improve the overall income of the restaurant. By partnering with third-party delivery platforms, the restaurants can save their marketing costs as well.
A.Promotion does not always work.
B.Now everything is available within our reach.
C.The restaurant and grocery industry are no different.
D.Online food delivery brought them great convenience.
E.But with online shopping, we do not buy a product on our impulse.
F.Neither do they have time to go out and order their food from outside.
G.The restaurant industry has also been profiting from the booming food delivery services.
答案 G
解析 分析该段落结构可知, 设空处应该是位于段首的主题句。根据该段中的“help in attracting new customers”“increase their sales”“improve the overall income ”“save their marketing costs”来看, 该段主要介绍“delivery services”给餐饮业带来的好处(profiting from the booming food delivery services)。故选G项。
技法3 观察挖空位置
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处位于段首, 此题属于段落间的过渡句, 需要阅读上一段结尾部分和本段, 然后将两段内容连接起来。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。结合上一段内容, 再根据本段内容, 尤其是最后一句 “But they cost $18!” 可知, 本段主要讲述 “巴黎食物的价格较贵” 这一点。E项“那并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。” 既对上一段内容进行了总结, 又引出了法国人吃得少的另一个原因。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为E项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东泰安高三模拟)
How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning Routine
There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals ...
1.Keep stuff dry
Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to increase the circulation of air through the room ...
2. 18
You know how you move your face in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.
...
A.Light the dirt
B.Purchase a flashlight
C.The same goes for the kitchen sink
D.Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steam
E.Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier
F.Keep the proper tricks up your sleeve, and you'll always feel ready for the job
G.have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it
答案 A
解析 本文属于 “总—分” 结构, 小标题引领各部分。小标题选项一般为祈使句, 句子较短, 特征突出。根据 “Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.” 可知, 这一段的建议是用手电筒照亮地面、地板和角落, 找出你可能错过的灰尘。A项 “照亮灰尘”, 与下文一致, 最适合做段落标题。故选A项。
B
(2022·全国甲卷)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
...
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案 D
解析 该句出现在段落中间并且后面为句号, 说明它在文中应该是起过渡作用。上一句提到与文化有关的进餐礼节可能有一些重要的规则会使你惊讶。下一句提到知道一些有用的提示可以确保不管在世界的哪一个角落, 你都能与朋友或家人拥有一次愉快的用餐体验。D项中的“at a restaurant”与文章标题中的“When Dining Out”呼应。故选D项。
技法4 利用标点符号
通常情况下, 设空处后面是句号。但如果设空处后面是逗号, 则该处填入的应为 “未完待续” 的句子, 这些句子往往是从句或是主句; 如果设空处前面是逗号, 则该处填入的句子的首字母应为小写(专有名词除外)。我们可以据此来迅速锁定选择范围。
【典例印证】
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
...
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
...
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
思维流程
第一步: 设空处后为逗号可知, 这个设空处应填入不完整的句子。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。设空前一句中的emojis与选项 A 中的 emojis 相呼应, more conversational (更适合交谈)与设空后的more frequent communication(更频繁的交流)相呼应。句意: 使用表情符号可以增加幽默感和感情, 保持意图清晰。 带有表情符号的信息让人感觉更适合交谈, 鼓励更好、更频繁的交流。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为A项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东部分重点中学4月联考)
...
Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but nothing could be further from the truth. 39 , especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense (剧烈的) exercise. So it's important to give your body ample rest between workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.
...
A.Not running every day
B.Not taking rest days
C.Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your body
D.As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance to.
E.When starting out with running, it's tough not to compare yourself to others.
F.Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干扰) with training or lead to injury.
G.It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine.
答案 C
解析 根据下文的 “...especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense exercise.” 可知, 特别是对那些肌肉和骨骼不适合如此剧烈的运动的初跑者, 此处是想表达跑步是一项有难度的运动, 连接下文, C项 “跑步是一项要求很高的运动, 对你的身体有很大的负担。” 符合语境。又因设空处后为逗号, 该处填入的句子应为不完整的句子。故选C项。
B
(2022·全国甲卷)
...
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
...
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案 C
解析 根据空格处后面的标点符号——逗号来判断, 空白处和后面“instead preferring to use their hands”应为一句话。Instead暗示句子前后两部分之间为选择关系(二选一)。Mexicians consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭不合适)与instead preferring to use their hands(相反地他们喜欢用手吃饭)构成否定前者肯定后者的关系。故选C项。
类型二 利用内在关系
技法1 词汇复现法
复现不是指词语的简单再现, 而是指某个词语可能以不同的词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。通读本段可知, 本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合设空前后出现的关键词great food, French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知, G项 “食物是如此美味, 你不需要太多就能使你快乐。” 符合语境。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为G项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东青岛高三自主检测)
... They range from birds to fish and to other marine animals. Most of the deaths to them are caused by starvation. Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs. 19 Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.
...
A.Nearly every species of seabird eats plastic.
B.This makes plastic waste even harder to notice.
C.Millions of animals are killed by plastic every year.
D.Some pieces have even been found blocking their organs.
E.Half of all plastic ever produced has been made in the last 15 years.
F.It could be done with improved waste management systems and recycling.
G.However, they may remain in the environment for hundreds of years and cause a lot of harm.
答案 D
解析 根据上文的 “Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs.” 以及下文的 “Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.” 可知, 在包括鱼、虾和一些贝壳在内的100多种海洋物种中发现了小塑料碎片。动物的胃部塞满了塑料, 可见塑料的碎片会堵塞它们的器官。故D项 “一些碎片甚至被发现阻塞了它们的器官。” 符合语境。其中Small pieces of plastic和选项中的Some pieces相呼应。故选D项。
B
(2022·全国乙卷)
...
38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
...
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案 G
解析 根据下文出现的is remaining, has moved, new environment等关键信息可知, 朋友可能会搬走或者被留在原地。G项符合语境。故选G项。
技法2 代词线索法
英语文章中有时会用代词或定冠词来指代前面提及的名词或者前面的一个句子,如it, they, this, these, the, all等。分析逻辑关系时也应注意这些代词所指代的内容。
【典例印证】
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)
...
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
...
A.This can affect your work.
B.So how should you motivate yourself
C.However,this should not discourage you.
D.So why should we try to set specific goals
E.They can change according to circumstances.
F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G.Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
思维流程
第一步: 留意选项和设空前后的代词。选项A中有代词This, 选项E中有代词They。this指代单数名词或者前面句子出现的情况; they指代复数名词。
第二步: 分析题目可知, 第38题设空前意为 “有时候你的心思不在工作上。” A项“这样会影响你的工作。” A项中的This指代这种情况。第39题设空前的goals are flexible 意为 “目标是灵活的”, 故E项 “它们可以根据情况而改变。” 与之相符, They指代goals。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定第38题答案为A项, 第39题答案为E项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2023·山东日照高三一模)
UK exercise guidelines suggest that adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week for good health. 17 It is about whether or not you can still get the benefits of exercise if you squeeze(挤出) it all in on a weekend instead of spreading it throughout the week.
A.But debate is growing around the issue.
B.This finding is consistent with previous research.
C.Regularly active people had the best health overall.
D.Most people find it hard to do exercise at the weekend.
E.For many of us, the weekend is the only time to exercise.
F.However, it may cause serious diseases, such as heart attacks.
G.Also, it improves other aspects of our health like lowering blood pressure.
答案 A
解析 该空后“It is about whether or not you can still get the benefits of exercise if you squeeze it all in on a weekend instead of spreading it throughout the week.”中的It代指前面提到的某件事, 从句中的whether or not...是就某件事的“争论”或“辩论”, 所以选A项, 与debate呼应。
B
(2021·北京东城区综合练习)
...
Oh yes, we all have been trained and conditioned to work hard to achieve our dreams, and that is a good thing. The problem arises when all these inspirational quotes start confusing us. These messages tell people not to give up, 37 . They tell one to “try and try again” until they succeed, but that amount of effort should only be put toward what you really want in life and one should never quit what they think to be their life purpose...
A.Let go of your life goal and live in the moment
B.You have to live it and you have to be your own boss
C.Try to recognise your talent, your ability and your skills
D.and it proves that only efforts can make a big difference
E.Make timely adjustment and run in other directions
F.The rest is all just there to confuse and depress you, so don't let it
G.but they don't tell you that it should only apply to your true dreams
答案 G
解析 根据设空前的逗号可知, 设空处为D项或G项, 根据设空后一句中表述的 “它们告诉人们要不断尝试直到成功, 但是这种努力只应该被用于自己生活中真正想要的东西”上可知, G项符合语境。选项中的they指代前面的These messages, 也与后面的They相一致。
技法3 逻辑关系法
英语中段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡, 以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚, 因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处后位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。根据下文的 “So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.” 可知,作者做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测, 设空处的内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项 “我们的目的是看一下, 在某种程度上, 我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活。” 与下文能够形成因果关系。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·湖北九师联盟质量检测)
...
Download the latest security updates. 38 Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs (漏洞) that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published. If you do not download the updates on time, you do not get the benefit of the work of the security engineers.
...
A.Be aware of fishing.
B.Don't use 1234567890.
C.Keep passwords in different places.
D.Don't read and reply those strange emails.
E.It includes stealing the passwords of your online accounts.
F.But even such basic steps can make your accounts much more secure.
G.Usually, you are not attacked because of those problems that nobody knows about.
答案 G
解析 根据设空后的 “Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published.” 可知, 经常受到攻击的原因是已经公开报告的漏洞和已经发布的安全更新。根据句中的Instead可推知, 设空处表达的内容应该是与之相反的, G项 “通常, 你不会因为那些不为人知的程序漏洞而受到攻击。” 符合语境。故选G项。
B
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all,decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
...
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
答案 D
解析 该题考查逻辑关系。根据下文的“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility ”可知,所填的句子也应该是一个一般疑问句。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗 ”可以和下文构成选择关系。故选D项。
No.4 真题实战 经典对练
拿高分
Group 1
A
(2021·全国甲卷)
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun it had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
● 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go” ,or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 5 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对, 以及一些具体的流程。
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
1.答案 B
解析 根据上文的 “So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ” 提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文的 “It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.” 提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以设空处应起承上启下的作用。因而设空处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项 “Hold a clothing swap.(进行衣物交换。)” 给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法, 承上启下, 符合语境。故选B项。
2.答案 A
解析 根据上文的 “Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.” 说明了应该邀请的人数。下文的 “and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.” 可知, 多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以设空处应是针对下文中的more than that提出的相反的假设, 即少于一定数量的人。A项 “Less people than that(少于这些人)”提出一种假设, 和下文中more than that相对, 说明人数不宜太多, 也不能太少, 符合语境。故选A项。
3. 答案 G
解析 根据下文的 “They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their 'new' clothes home.” 可知, 去的时候应该为交换所得的 “新衣服” 准备袋子。G项内容说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服, 其中的bring和下文中carry相对, 都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词, 并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G项。
4. 答案 F
解析 根据上文的 “Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.” 可知, 衣服应该归类放置。下文的 “Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.” 提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见, 本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法, 所以设空处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项 “Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.” 说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置, 符合语境。故选F项。
5.答案 D
解析 根据上文的 “Set a starting time. Maybe you say 'go', or turn on a certain song, or whatever.” 可知, 只要打开音乐或其他什么, 聚会就开始了。根据下文的 “And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!” 可知, 聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而, 设空处应是承接上文, 讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项 “Just keep music playing throughout.” 承上启下, 说明在派对上要有音乐, 与前文形成意义上的一致, 符合题意。故选D项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①swap v.交换(东西)
②(熟词生义)score v.获得; 取得
③pointer n.建议; 提示
重点语块
④end with 以……结束
⑤loads of 大量;许多
⑥do with 处理
⑦get rid of 扔掉
精彩句式
⑧Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.
在你的房间周围放几面镜子, 这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。
B
(2021·全国乙卷)
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”, you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
3 If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台). If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 5 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在晚餐聚餐时如何做一个有趣的人, 给出了几点建议。
1.答案 B
解析 第一段总起, 指出文章的中心思想。本段紧随其后, 提出第一条建议。故选B项。
2.答案 C
解析 下文提到骑车或者坐公共汽车, 可知接下来要问的问题是 “你怎么来的 ”故选C项。
3. 答案 F
解析 下文说的是: “如果你拿不走他们的酒, 就拿走他们的讲台。” 可知这里是问 “万一碰到喝多酒的人或者不停说话的人怎么办 ”故选F项。
4.E
解析 上句是应对醉酒或者喋喋不休的人的第一种解决办法。这里是第二种解决办法:或者把对话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。故选E项。
5. 答案 G
解析 上句提到如果出现尴尬的沉默, 可以通过赞扬主人来缓解尴尬氛围。因此接下来应选择过渡句 “她/他(主人)是受尴尬影响最重的人”。故选G项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①adventurous adj.有冒险精神的;大胆开始的
②awkwardness n.尴尬
重点语块
③show up 如约赶到
④bring in 带来;引入
精彩句式
⑤If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.
如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默, 唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人。
C
(2023·全国甲卷)
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams,long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age,we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However,research suggests that if we practiced patience,we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are several tricks.
Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 .“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li,researcher at the University of California.
Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time,but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 .Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other more annoying situations.
4
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate,and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself,“ 5 .”You'll then gradually become more patient.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable
G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为读者提供“成为一个更有耐心的人”的方法: 表达感谢、学会等待、走出舒适区。
1.G
解析 根据第一段第一句“Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common ”可知, 交通堵塞、排长队、等待假期开始都是需要耐心的事情, 这与G项“They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience.”相吻合, 且呼应第二段中的“practiced patience”。
2.E
解析 第三段第一句“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.”讲的是表达感谢的好处。E项“It can also help us practice more patience.”也是表达感谢的好处。故选E项, 形成“it makes us...It can also help...”并列关系。
3.答案 B
解析 根据第四段第二句“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.”提到了practice, 空后的句子“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.”列举了一些等待的事情。由此推出B项“Start with small tasks(从小事开始做起)”符合题意。
4.答案 C
解析 根据最后一段第一句“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”可推知, 本段的主题句应为“接受令人不舒适的事情”, 故选C项。
5.F
解析 根据最后一段第一句“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”的后半句可知, 当我们经历舒适区外的事物时, 我们会变得不耐烦。因此, 我们应该学会对自己说“这只是不舒服, 不是不可忍受”, 故选F项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①optimistic adj.乐观的
②impatient adj.不耐烦的
重点语块
③be better off 更富裕
④in the long run 从长远来看
⑤put off 推迟;延迟
⑥say to oneself 自言自语
精彩句式
⑦You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other more annoying situations.
你很快就会发现,你练习耐心的次数越多,你就越能够开始把它运用到更加恼人的情况中去。
Group 2
A
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 1 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
2 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
3 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 5 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A.This isn't usual though.
B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D.If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “温锅” 聚餐这一习俗的相关内容。
1. 答案 E
解析 上文提到 “暖房” 是朋友和家人对乔迁新居的人进行的一种祝贺方式, 下文讲 “暖房” 也是在用爱和礼物来填充新空间的时刻。由此可以推知, 设空处很有可能也是在讲有关 “暖房” 的意义。结合语境内容可知, E项中的代词It指housewarming party, 而且also表明了和上一句之间的逻辑关系。故选E项。
2.答案 B
解析 结合空后内容可知, 此段主要讲 “暖房” 的时候, 人们通常会带礼物。故选B项。
3.答案 C
解析 根据文中的 “... there isn't a lot of food served.” 可知, 此处讲的是人们来参加乔迁派对时也可以带着食物, 据此可知C项 “你也可以带着食物和饮料与其他客人一同分享” 符合语境。
4.答案 A
解析 根据设空前的 “... people may be asked to help unpack boxes.” 可知, 此处是在描述派对活动时可能会做的事情, A项 “不过这并不常见” 是对设空前内容的补充。A项中的代词This指代空前的people may be asked to help unpack boxes这种情况。
5. 答案 G
解析 此段中的firewood和central heating是答题的关键。这与G项中的keep their home warm for the winter的表述一致。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①register v.登记
②registry n.登记处; 注册处
重点语块
③congratulate... on祝贺……
④decorate... with... 用……装饰……
精彩句式
⑤House warming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.
暖房派对之所以得名, 事实上是在很久以前, 人们确实会把木柴作为礼物带到新家。
B
(2020·浙江卷)
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 1 His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 2 I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 3
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 4 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
5 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A.I wasn't alone any longer.
B.I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C.I was invited to play with another kid.
D.I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E.Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G.My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者分析了自己几个生活习惯的成因。
1. 答案 G
解析 根据设空后一句 “His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.” 可知, 设空句应提及His的身份, 即G项中的My older brother。故选G项。
2.答案 D
解析 根据设空前一句提到 “我对书写字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候” 和下文提到 “我很快就从读典型的儿童读物变成了读插图少、章节多的书” 可知此处应指 “我喜欢书中的彩色照片” 与上句构成递进与下文形成对比。结合选项可知D项最符合语境。故选D项。
3.答案 A
解析 根据前一句提到阅读为 “我” 打开了新世界可知, 接下来应描述作者的感受。结合选项可知A项 “我不再孤独” 与设空前一句形成了因果关系, 符合语境。故选A项。
4. 答案 F
解析 根据前一句 “当我的母亲看到我的创作时, 她说我的设计很有创意” 及下文make things和F项making things属于同词复现。故选F项。
5. 答案 E
解析 根据后一句 “无论天气或季节, 我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外” 可知关键词outside, 结合选项可知E项outdoors属于同词复现。故选E项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①tease v.取笑; 戏弄
②typical adj.典型的
③creation n.创造; 创作
④extend v.延伸; 扩大
重点语块
⑤on one's own 独自
⑥transform...into...把……变成
精彩句式
⑦My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season.
我的父母总是让两个孩子在户外度过时光, 无论天气或季节。
C
(2023·全国乙卷)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 1 ,but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood(心情),reducing stress and helping their memory.What's more,indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants,also known as houseplants or pot plants,are plants that like to grow indoors.Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter. 2 .
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra,who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens,says,“ 3 .I find during the winter months,plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 4 .
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera,peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors.You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden centres or online.Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.“ 5 ,” Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A.All plants are different
B.Not only do they look beautiful
C.There are many benefits of growing plants indoors
D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在室内种植植物的好处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物。
1.答案 B
解析 根据空后的“but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood, reducing stress and helping their memory”可知, 应该选B项, 构成“not only...but (also)...(不仅……, 而且……)”句型, 本句交代了室内植物的两个优点。
2.答案 D
解析 根据“Many of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知, 应该选D项, 选项中的Instead与该句中的not构成“不是……, 而是……”句式。outside与inside, winter与warmer相对应。
3.答案 C
解析 根据“Why are indoor plants good for you ”和空后的内容可知, 应该选C项, good与benefits相一致。空后的“lift your mood”“improve creativity, focus and memory”“clean the air around them”和“remove some harmful chemicals”概括起来都是不同的“好处(benefits)”。
4.E
解析 空前的“They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.”综述“它们还可以去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害的化学物质。” 选项E点明具体实例: peace lilies和devil's ivy这样的植物最有效。
5.G
解析 根据“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”可知应该选G项, it指代“Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding.”, 即Spoelstra认为“了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的, 它可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注点, 并有助于将家与自然联系起来。”
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①promote v.提高;提升
②ideally adv.理想地
③mature v.成熟
重点语块
④be suited to 合适
⑤back ...up 支持
精彩句式
⑥Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
室内植物也许看起来好像闲置着毫无用处,但在很多方面他们是家里的无名英雄。
专题二 七选五
英 语
内容索引
No . 1 考情透析 明晰七选五考什么
No.2 读文总策略 缩小七选五选项范围必备3大策略
No.3 题型微技法 提升七选五解题7大技法
No.4 真题实战 经典对练拿高分
No.1 考情透析 明晰七选
五考什么
高考命题透析
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与自我
面对错误如何自我谅解 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 人与自我
如何开始艺术之旅 1 3 1
全国乙卷 人与自然
室内种植植物的好处 0 3 2
全国甲卷 人与自我
成为一个有耐心的人 1 3 1
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与社会
如何选择锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
全国乙卷 人与社会
如何与相距较远的朋友保持长久的友谊 3 1 1
全国甲卷 人与社会
在不同文化中,外出就餐注意的事项 1 3 1
卷名 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾
2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 人与社会
感悟巴黎人的与众不同 1 4 0
浙江卷 人与社会
创建网站的过程及其现状 0 4 1
全国乙卷 人与自我
如何做一个有趣的聚餐人 2 2 1
全国甲卷 人与社会
通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法 1 4 0
命题专家谈高考
1.体裁特征
以说明文为主, 着重考查逻辑推理
2.文章结构
文章结构清晰, 内容完整, 考查段落标题、主旨句和过渡句等。篇章结构以 “提出问题→解决问题” 为主。
3.选项特点
七个选项中有两个干扰项, 句型不同, 长短不一, 排列由短到长。
4.设空特点
以考查上下文逻辑关系为主, 考查段落主旨句为辅。间或考查段尾的结论概括性语句。
5.词数
正文词数200左右, 选项词数100左右。
解题策略指导
No.2 读文总策略 缩小七选
五选项范围必备3大策略
策略一 利用外在线索, 缩小选项范围
七选五共有七个选项, 每个题目有七种选择, 对很多考生来说, 难度很大。但是, 明确挖空特点和篇章结构, 利用语篇标记信息, 例如, 小标题、主旨句、首段尾句和标点符号等, 就能缩小选择范围, 降低题目难度。
策略二 依据内在关系, 确保解题正确
解答七选五的内在关系主要指语篇内部的逻辑关系和词汇线索, 包括词汇复现、代词的指代关系等。
策略三 多维思考, 提升读文速度
【典例印证】(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
No.3 题型微技法 提升七选五解题7大技法
类型一 利用外在线索
技法1 关注小标题
在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 有些段落由小标题引领。如设空处恰好处于小标题的位置, 则该处应为一个小标题。而小标题的供选项一般为祈使句, 相对于其他选项, 句子较短, 特征比较突出。一个小标题常有两个供选项, 其中一个为迷惑选项, 通常也是最终多余的两个选项之一, 不会是任何题的答案。小标题线索题目较为明显, 题目较为简单, 学生容易发现小标题的特征, 可优先做该题。
【典例印证】
(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)
...
· 39
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic(过敏) to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
·Ask questions.
...
A.This will make getting answers easier.
B.Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C.You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D.Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E.Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F.Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G.Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
思维流程
第一步: 根据第39题所在的位置可知, 这是一个小标题。
第二步: 分析语篇可知, 小标题是祈使句。选项中只有E项和F项是祈使句, 因此只能从这两项中选择。 根据下段内容可知, 讲述的内容与medical history有关, 这是解题的关键。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2022·全国乙卷)
...
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
...
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案 A
解析 根据空白处位置可知, 该题考查小标题。小标题是该段大意的概括。根据该段的内容可知, 周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期, 为避免遗忘, 要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来, 故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。故选A项。
B
(2021·河北衡水名校联盟押题)
...
Summarise the complaint.
If your complainer keeps repeating himself, ask something like, “Can I tell you that I've heard and gotten it ” Using “I” statements (“I've heard...”) rather than “you” statements (“You keep repeating yourself”) shows that you're interested rather than trying to shut the person up.
38 .
When a frequent complainer tells you about her latest problem, ask nicely what she's done to improve it. This isn't the usual direction a grievance-laden conversation takes, and it may help to abruptly end a rant.
Be honest.
...
A.Focus on the effect
B.Challenge the person to act
C.When you have things to do
D.Avoid saying the word complaining
E.It's important to talk about the problem
F.Sometimes a complaint changes an unfavourable situation into a more desirable one
G.If your co-worker is saying bad words about your boss, ask whether he met the new employee
答案 B
解析 设空处是小标题形式, 分析语篇可知, 前后的标题都是祈使句, 可以把答案锁定在A、B和D三个选项中, 根据下文的ask nicely what she's done to improve it可以确定是act, 而非the effect或者the word complaining。故选B项。
技法2 留意主旨句
在 “总—分” 结构的文章中, 观察每一部分的段落结构, 如果每个段落都有主旨句引领, 这些主旨句往往句式相同, 并且前面常有实心圆点标注。如果设空处恰恰在这个位置, 那么它就是一个段落主旨句, 然后就要根据本段内容做出选择。
【典例印证】
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
...
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
A.Feeling upset again
B.Where do you start
C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D.Remember,you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start
思维流程
第一步: 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在D、E和F三个选项之间。
第二步: 根据后面的 “Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.”, 以及后面的两个问句“Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs ” 可知,本段主要讲不要把自己和他人对比。F项的意思是 “停止你自己与他人做比较。”
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·福建福州6月适应性练习)
...
● 19 If you are the kind of person who is open to advice, complain to a friend about your stress. Friends can work as a support group, and they may provide you with solutions. Sometimes, you can't see the easy way out of situation when you are standing right in the middle of it.
●Make a list. Having too much to do may cause you to rush around. If you are moving faster, it feels as if you are getting more done...
A.Talk it through.
B.Be a good listener.
C.These aren't solutions.
D.It pays to try new things.
E.But this is a false impression.
F.It can also impact how your body functions.
G.Focus on the first kind and ignore the others.
答案 A
解析 根据每段前的实心圆点来看, 这是一个段落主旨句。再观察下一段首句 “Make a list.” 是祈使句, 就应把范围缩小在A、B和G三个选项之间。根据下文的 “If you are the kind of person who... when you are standing right in the middle of it.” 可知, 通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力来缓解压力, 即通过交谈来缓解压力, 由此可知, A项 “好好谈一谈。” 符合语境。故选A项。
B
(2023·广东汕头高三一模)
...
Growth of the restaurant industry
40 The wide reach of delivery services put restaurants more visible and thus will help in attracting new customers. Restaurants will be able to increase their sales and improve the overall income of the restaurant. By partnering with third-party delivery platforms, the restaurants can save their marketing costs as well.
A.Promotion does not always work.
B.Now everything is available within our reach.
C.The restaurant and grocery industry are no different.
D.Online food delivery brought them great convenience.
E.But with online shopping, we do not buy a product on our impulse.
F.Neither do they have time to go out and order their food from outside.
G.The restaurant industry has also been profiting from the booming food delivery services.
答案 G
解析 分析该段落结构可知, 设空处应该是位于段首的主题句。根据该段中的“help in attracting new customers”“increase their sales”“improve the overall income ”“save their marketing costs”来看, 该段主要介绍“delivery services”给餐饮业带来的好处(profiting from the booming food delivery services)。故选G项。
技法3 观察挖空位置
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处位于段首, 此题属于段落间的过渡句, 需要阅读上一段结尾部分和本段, 然后将两段内容连接起来。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。结合上一段内容, 再根据本段内容, 尤其是最后一句 “But they cost $18!” 可知, 本段主要讲述 “巴黎食物的价格较贵” 这一点。E项“那并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。” 既对上一段内容进行了总结, 又引出了法国人吃得少的另一个原因。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为E项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东泰安高三模拟)
How to Simplify Your Home Cleaning Routine
There are many ways to clean a house, but the best methods are those that save time and effort, while avoiding poisonous cleaning chemicals ...
1.Keep stuff dry
Wetness is the enemy when it comes to keeping bathrooms and kitchens clean because it attracts bacteria. Leave the shower door or curtain open when not in use to increase the circulation of air through the room ...
2. 18
You know how you move your face in a mirror, using different angles to get a clear look The same logic applies to cleaning. Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.
...
A.Light the dirt
B.Purchase a flashlight
C.The same goes for the kitchen sink
D.Always run a fan or open a window when showering to let out steam
E.Here are some simple tricks that will make the task easier and healthier
F.Keep the proper tricks up your sleeve, and you'll always feel ready for the job
G.have to climb a flight of stairs to get the right tools, you may just ignore it
答案 A
解析 本文属于 “总—分” 结构, 小标题引领各部分。小标题选项一般为祈使句, 句子较短, 特征突出。根据 “Use a flashlight to shine on surfaces, floors, and corners in order to spot dust and dirt you might have missed.” 可知, 这一段的建议是用手电筒照亮地面、地板和角落, 找出你可能错过的灰尘。A项 “照亮灰尘”, 与下文一致, 最适合做段落标题。故选A项。
B
(2022·全国甲卷)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
...
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案 D
解析 该句出现在段落中间并且后面为句号, 说明它在文中应该是起过渡作用。上一句提到与文化有关的进餐礼节可能有一些重要的规则会使你惊讶。下一句提到知道一些有用的提示可以确保不管在世界的哪一个角落, 你都能与朋友或家人拥有一次愉快的用餐体验。D项中的“at a restaurant”与文章标题中的“When Dining Out”呼应。故选D项。
技法4 利用标点符号
通常情况下, 设空处后面是句号。但如果设空处后面是逗号, 则该处填入的应为 “未完待续” 的句子, 这些句子往往是从句或是主句; 如果设空处前面是逗号, 则该处填入的句子的首字母应为小写(专有名词除外)。我们可以据此来迅速锁定选择范围。
【典例印证】
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
...
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
...
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
思维流程
第一步: 设空处后为逗号可知, 这个设空处应填入不完整的句子。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。设空前一句中的emojis与选项 A 中的 emojis 相呼应, more conversational (更适合交谈)与设空后的more frequent communication(更频繁的交流)相呼应。句意: 使用表情符号可以增加幽默感和感情, 保持意图清晰。 带有表情符号的信息让人感觉更适合交谈, 鼓励更好、更频繁的交流。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为A项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东部分重点中学4月联考)
...
Beginners might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but nothing could be further from the truth. 39 , especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense (剧烈的) exercise. So it's important to give your body ample rest between workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.
...
A.Not running every day
B.Not taking rest days
C.Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your body
D.As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance to.
E.When starting out with running, it's tough not to compare yourself to others.
F.Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干扰) with training or lead to injury.
G.It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine.
答案 C
解析 根据下文的 “...especially for beginners whose muscles and bones haven't yet been conditioned for such intense exercise.” 可知, 特别是对那些肌肉和骨骼不适合如此剧烈的运动的初跑者, 此处是想表达跑步是一项有难度的运动, 连接下文, C项 “跑步是一项要求很高的运动, 对你的身体有很大的负担。” 符合语境。又因设空处后为逗号, 该处填入的句子应为不完整的句子。故选C项。
B
(2022·全国甲卷)
...
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
...
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案 C
解析 根据空格处后面的标点符号——逗号来判断, 空白处和后面“instead preferring to use their hands”应为一句话。Instead暗示句子前后两部分之间为选择关系(二选一)。Mexicians consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭不合适)与instead preferring to use their hands(相反地他们喜欢用手吃饭)构成否定前者肯定后者的关系。故选C项。
类型二 利用内在关系
技法1 词汇复现法
复现不是指词语的简单再现, 而是指某个词语可能以不同的词性、数、格、时态及语态等形式出现。有时也会以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。通读本段可知, 本段主要讲述了巴黎的饮食。与之表述在意义和语境上有重叠的是D项、E项和G项。结合设空前后出现的关键词great food, French strawberries以及flavor bombs等可知, G项 “食物是如此美味, 你不需要太多就能使你快乐。” 符合语境。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为G项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·山东青岛高三自主检测)
... They range from birds to fish and to other marine animals. Most of the deaths to them are caused by starvation. Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs. 19 Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.
...
A.Nearly every species of seabird eats plastic.
B.This makes plastic waste even harder to notice.
C.Millions of animals are killed by plastic every year.
D.Some pieces have even been found blocking their organs.
E.Half of all plastic ever produced has been made in the last 15 years.
F.It could be done with improved waste management systems and recycling.
G.However, they may remain in the environment for hundreds of years and cause a lot of harm.
答案 D
解析 根据上文的 “Small pieces of plastic have been found in more than 100 marine species, including fish, shrimp, and some seashells. In many cases, these tiny bits pass through their stomachs.” 以及下文的 “Stomachs packed with plastic reduce the urge to eat, making them die eventually.” 可知, 在包括鱼、虾和一些贝壳在内的100多种海洋物种中发现了小塑料碎片。动物的胃部塞满了塑料, 可见塑料的碎片会堵塞它们的器官。故D项 “一些碎片甚至被发现阻塞了它们的器官。” 符合语境。其中Small pieces of plastic和选项中的Some pieces相呼应。故选D项。
B
(2022·全国乙卷)
...
38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
...
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案 G
解析 根据下文出现的is remaining, has moved, new environment等关键信息可知, 朋友可能会搬走或者被留在原地。G项符合语境。故选G项。
技法2 代词线索法
英语文章中有时会用代词或定冠词来指代前面提及的名词或者前面的一个句子,如it, they, this, these, the, all等。分析逻辑关系时也应注意这些代词所指代的内容。
【典例印证】
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)
...
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because it is directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
...
A.This can affect your work.
B.So how should you motivate yourself
C.However,this should not discourage you.
D.So why should we try to set specific goals
E.They can change according to circumstances.
F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G.Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
思维流程
第一步: 留意选项和设空前后的代词。选项A中有代词This, 选项E中有代词They。this指代单数名词或者前面句子出现的情况; they指代复数名词。
第二步: 分析题目可知, 第38题设空前意为 “有时候你的心思不在工作上。” A项“这样会影响你的工作。” A项中的This指代这种情况。第39题设空前的goals are flexible 意为 “目标是灵活的”, 故E项 “它们可以根据情况而改变。” 与之相符, They指代goals。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定第38题答案为A项, 第39题答案为E项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2023·山东日照高三一模)
UK exercise guidelines suggest that adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week for good health. 17 It is about whether or not you can still get the benefits of exercise if you squeeze(挤出) it all in on a weekend instead of spreading it throughout the week.
A.But debate is growing around the issue.
B.This finding is consistent with previous research.
C.Regularly active people had the best health overall.
D.Most people find it hard to do exercise at the weekend.
E.For many of us, the weekend is the only time to exercise.
F.However, it may cause serious diseases, such as heart attacks.
G.Also, it improves other aspects of our health like lowering blood pressure.
答案 A
解析 该空后“It is about whether or not you can still get the benefits of exercise if you squeeze it all in on a weekend instead of spreading it throughout the week.”中的It代指前面提到的某件事, 从句中的whether or not...是就某件事的“争论”或“辩论”, 所以选A项, 与debate呼应。
B
(2021·北京东城区综合练习)
...
Oh yes, we all have been trained and conditioned to work hard to achieve our dreams, and that is a good thing. The problem arises when all these inspirational quotes start confusing us. These messages tell people not to give up, 37 . They tell one to “try and try again” until they succeed, but that amount of effort should only be put toward what you really want in life and one should never quit what they think to be their life purpose...
A.Let go of your life goal and live in the moment
B.You have to live it and you have to be your own boss
C.Try to recognise your talent, your ability and your skills
D.and it proves that only efforts can make a big difference
E.Make timely adjustment and run in other directions
F.The rest is all just there to confuse and depress you, so don't let it
G.but they don't tell you that it should only apply to your true dreams
答案 G
解析 根据设空前的逗号可知, 设空处为D项或G项, 根据设空后一句中表述的 “它们告诉人们要不断尝试直到成功, 但是这种努力只应该被用于自己生活中真正想要的东西”上可知, G项符合语境。选项中的they指代前面的These messages, 也与后面的They相一致。
技法3 逻辑关系法
英语中段落之间、句子之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接或过渡, 以使文章更加连贯、表达更加清楚, 因此文章中表示各种逻辑关系的关联词在选择答案时都是很好的线索。
【典例印证】
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
...
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
思维流程
第一步: 设空处后位于段中, 属于上下文关联句。
第二步: 分析语境与选项。根据下文的 “So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.” 可知,作者做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵的六楼公寓。据此可推测, 设空处的内容与下一句之间构成了因果关系。F项 “我们的目的是看一下, 在某种程度上, 我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活。” 与下文能够形成因果关系。
第三步: 比对选项, 确定答案为F项。
【对点微练习】
A
(2021·湖北九师联盟质量检测)
...
Download the latest security updates. 38 Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs (漏洞) that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published. If you do not download the updates on time, you do not get the benefit of the work of the security engineers.
...
A.Be aware of fishing.
B.Don't use 1234567890.
C.Keep passwords in different places.
D.Don't read and reply those strange emails.
E.It includes stealing the passwords of your online accounts.
F.But even such basic steps can make your accounts much more secure.
G.Usually, you are not attacked because of those problems that nobody knows about.
答案 G
解析 根据设空后的 “Instead, you are more often attacked because of bugs that have been publicly reported, and that security updates have been published.” 可知, 经常受到攻击的原因是已经公开报告的漏洞和已经发布的安全更新。根据句中的Instead可推知, 设空处表达的内容应该是与之相反的, G项 “通常, 你不会因为那些不为人知的程序漏洞而受到攻击。” 符合语境。故选G项。
B
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
...
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all,decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
...
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
答案 D
解析 该题考查逻辑关系。根据下文的“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility ”可知,所填的句子也应该是一个一般疑问句。D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动中成为一名更好的运动员吗 ”可以和下文构成选择关系。故选D项。
No.4 真题实战 经典对练
拿高分
Group 1
A
(2021·全国甲卷)
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun it had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
● 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go” ,or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 5 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对, 以及一些具体的流程。
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
1.答案 B
解析 根据上文的 “So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ” 提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文的 “It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.” 提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以设空处应起承上启下的作用。因而设空处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项 “Hold a clothing swap.(进行衣物交换。)” 给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法, 承上启下, 符合语境。故选B项。
2.答案 A
解析 根据上文的 “Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection.” 说明了应该邀请的人数。下文的 “and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.” 可知, 多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以设空处应是针对下文中的more than that提出的相反的假设, 即少于一定数量的人。A项 “Less people than that(少于这些人)”提出一种假设, 和下文中more than that相对, 说明人数不宜太多, 也不能太少, 符合语境。故选A项。
3. 答案 G
解析 根据下文的 “They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their 'new' clothes home.” 可知, 去的时候应该为交换所得的 “新衣服” 准备袋子。G项内容说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服, 其中的bring和下文中carry相对, 都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词, 并且其中They指代G项的everyone。故选G项。
4. 答案 F
解析 根据上文的 “Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.” 可知, 衣服应该归类放置。下文的 “Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.” 提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见, 本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法, 所以设空处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项 “Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.” 说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置, 符合语境。故选F项。
5.答案 D
解析 根据上文的 “Set a starting time. Maybe you say 'go', or turn on a certain song, or whatever.” 可知, 只要打开音乐或其他什么, 聚会就开始了。根据下文的 “And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!” 可知, 聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而, 设空处应是承接上文, 讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项 “Just keep music playing throughout.” 承上启下, 说明在派对上要有音乐, 与前文形成意义上的一致, 符合题意。故选D项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①swap v.交换(东西)
②(熟词生义)score v.获得; 取得
③pointer n.建议; 提示
重点语块
④end with 以……结束
⑤loads of 大量;许多
⑥do with 处理
⑦get rid of 扔掉
精彩句式
⑧Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.
在你的房间周围放几面镜子, 这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。
B
(2021·全国乙卷)
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living ”, you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
3 If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox(讲台). If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer:awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 5 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here ”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在晚餐聚餐时如何做一个有趣的人, 给出了几点建议。
1.答案 B
解析 第一段总起, 指出文章的中心思想。本段紧随其后, 提出第一条建议。故选B项。
2.答案 C
解析 下文提到骑车或者坐公共汽车, 可知接下来要问的问题是 “你怎么来的 ”故选C项。
3. 答案 F
解析 下文说的是: “如果你拿不走他们的酒, 就拿走他们的讲台。” 可知这里是问 “万一碰到喝多酒的人或者不停说话的人怎么办 ”故选F项。
4.E
解析 上句是应对醉酒或者喋喋不休的人的第一种解决办法。这里是第二种解决办法:或者把对话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。故选E项。
5. 答案 G
解析 上句提到如果出现尴尬的沉默, 可以通过赞扬主人来缓解尴尬氛围。因此接下来应选择过渡句 “她/他(主人)是受尴尬影响最重的人”。故选G项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①adventurous adj.有冒险精神的;大胆开始的
②awkwardness n.尴尬
重点语块
③show up 如约赶到
④bring in 带来;引入
精彩句式
⑤If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.
如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默, 唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人。
C
(2023·全国甲卷)
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams,long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer. 1 .
In the Digital Age,we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However,research suggests that if we practiced patience,we'd be a whole lot better off.Here are several tricks.
Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits:Research shows it makes us happier,less stressed and even more optimistic. 2 .“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li,researcher at the University of California.
Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time,but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 3 .Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other more annoying situations.
4
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate,and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,we get impatient about the circumstances.You should learn to say to yourself,“ 5 .”You'll then gradually become more patient.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable,not intolerable
G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为读者提供“成为一个更有耐心的人”的方法: 表达感谢、学会等待、走出舒适区。
1.G
解析 根据第一段第一句“Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common ”可知, 交通堵塞、排长队、等待假期开始都是需要耐心的事情, 这与G项“They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience.”相吻合, 且呼应第二段中的“practiced patience”。
2.E
解析 第三段第一句“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.”讲的是表达感谢的好处。E项“It can also help us practice more patience.”也是表达感谢的好处。故选E项, 形成“it makes us...It can also help...”并列关系。
3.答案 B
解析 根据第四段第二句“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.”提到了practice, 空后的句子“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.”列举了一些等待的事情。由此推出B项“Start with small tasks(从小事开始做起)”符合题意。
4.答案 C
解析 根据最后一段第一句“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”可推知, 本段的主题句应为“接受令人不舒适的事情”, 故选C项。
5.F
解析 根据最后一段第一句“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”的后半句可知, 当我们经历舒适区外的事物时, 我们会变得不耐烦。因此, 我们应该学会对自己说“这只是不舒服, 不是不可忍受”, 故选F项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①optimistic adj.乐观的
②impatient adj.不耐烦的
重点语块
③be better off 更富裕
④in the long run 从长远来看
⑤put off 推迟;延迟
⑥say to oneself 自言自语
精彩句式
⑦You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other more annoying situations.
你很快就会发现,你练习耐心的次数越多,你就越能够开始把它运用到更加恼人的情况中去。
Group 2
A
(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 1 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
2 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
3 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 5 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A.This isn't usual though.
B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D.If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “温锅” 聚餐这一习俗的相关内容。
1. 答案 E
解析 上文提到 “暖房” 是朋友和家人对乔迁新居的人进行的一种祝贺方式, 下文讲 “暖房” 也是在用爱和礼物来填充新空间的时刻。由此可以推知, 设空处很有可能也是在讲有关 “暖房” 的意义。结合语境内容可知, E项中的代词It指housewarming party, 而且also表明了和上一句之间的逻辑关系。故选E项。
2.答案 B
解析 结合空后内容可知, 此段主要讲 “暖房” 的时候, 人们通常会带礼物。故选B项。
3.答案 C
解析 根据文中的 “... there isn't a lot of food served.” 可知, 此处讲的是人们来参加乔迁派对时也可以带着食物, 据此可知C项 “你也可以带着食物和饮料与其他客人一同分享” 符合语境。
4.答案 A
解析 根据设空前的 “... people may be asked to help unpack boxes.” 可知, 此处是在描述派对活动时可能会做的事情, A项 “不过这并不常见” 是对设空前内容的补充。A项中的代词This指代空前的people may be asked to help unpack boxes这种情况。
5. 答案 G
解析 此段中的firewood和central heating是答题的关键。这与G项中的keep their home warm for the winter的表述一致。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①register v.登记
②registry n.登记处; 注册处
重点语块
③congratulate... on祝贺……
④decorate... with... 用……装饰……
精彩句式
⑤House warming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.
暖房派对之所以得名, 事实上是在很久以前, 人们确实会把木柴作为礼物带到新家。
B
(2020·浙江卷)
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 1 His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 2 I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 3
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 4 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
5 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A.I wasn't alone any longer.
B.I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C.I was invited to play with another kid.
D.I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E.Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G.My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者分析了自己几个生活习惯的成因。
1. 答案 G
解析 根据设空后一句 “His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine.” 可知, 设空句应提及His的身份, 即G项中的My older brother。故选G项。
2.答案 D
解析 根据设空前一句提到 “我对书写字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候” 和下文提到 “我很快就从读典型的儿童读物变成了读插图少、章节多的书” 可知此处应指 “我喜欢书中的彩色照片” 与上句构成递进与下文形成对比。结合选项可知D项最符合语境。故选D项。
3.答案 A
解析 根据前一句提到阅读为 “我” 打开了新世界可知, 接下来应描述作者的感受。结合选项可知A项 “我不再孤独” 与设空前一句形成了因果关系, 符合语境。故选A项。
4. 答案 F
解析 根据前一句 “当我的母亲看到我的创作时, 她说我的设计很有创意” 及下文make things和F项making things属于同词复现。故选F项。
5. 答案 E
解析 根据后一句 “无论天气或季节, 我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外” 可知关键词outside, 结合选项可知E项outdoors属于同词复现。故选E项。
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①tease v.取笑; 戏弄
②typical adj.典型的
③creation n.创造; 创作
④extend v.延伸; 扩大
重点语块
⑤on one's own 独自
⑥transform...into...把……变成
精彩句式
⑦My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season.
我的父母总是让两个孩子在户外度过时光, 无论天气或季节。
C
(2023·全国乙卷)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 1 ,but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood(心情),reducing stress and helping their memory.What's more,indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants,also known as houseplants or pot plants,are plants that like to grow indoors.Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter. 2 .
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra,who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens,says,“ 3 .I find during the winter months,plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 4 .
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera,peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors.You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden centres or online.Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.“ 5 ,” Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A.All plants are different
B.Not only do they look beautiful
C.There are many benefits of growing plants indoors
D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在室内种植植物的好处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物。
1.答案 B
解析 根据空后的“but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood, reducing stress and helping their memory”可知, 应该选B项, 构成“not only...but (also)...(不仅……, 而且……)”句型, 本句交代了室内植物的两个优点。
2.答案 D
解析 根据“Many of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知, 应该选D项, 选项中的Instead与该句中的not构成“不是……, 而是……”句式。outside与inside, winter与warmer相对应。
3.答案 C
解析 根据“Why are indoor plants good for you ”和空后的内容可知, 应该选C项, good与benefits相一致。空后的“lift your mood”“improve creativity, focus and memory”“clean the air around them”和“remove some harmful chemicals”概括起来都是不同的“好处(benefits)”。
4.E
解析 空前的“They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.”综述“它们还可以去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害的化学物质。” 选项E点明具体实例: peace lilies和devil's ivy这样的植物最有效。
5.G
解析 根据“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”可知应该选G项, it指代“Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding.”, 即Spoelstra认为“了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的, 它可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注点, 并有助于将家与自然联系起来。”
【帮你拓知识】
必背单词
①promote v.提高;提升
②ideally adv.理想地
③mature v.成熟
重点语块
④be suited to 合适
⑤back ...up 支持
精彩句式
⑥Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
室内植物也许看起来好像闲置着毫无用处,但在很多方面他们是家里的无名英雄。