腾冲市第八中学2023—2024学年下学期高二开学考
英语试卷
满分150分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Kevin often do in his spare time
A. Read books. B. Grow flowers. C. Take pictures.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At the doctor’s. B. In the office. C. On the sports field.
3. What does Claire ask David to do
A. Leave a message. B. Design a project. C. Give her a call.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Keeping in shape. B. Doing housework. C. Dealing with stress.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and assistant. C. Driver and policewoman.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Which day does the man want the tickets for
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. Wednesday.
7. What will the man probably do
A. Order his tickets by phone.
B. Go to another ticket office.
C. Buy a ticket for the woman.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How will Joseph travel from Winnipeg to Banff
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
9. How long will Joseph stay in Canada
A. One week. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks.
10. What will Joseph do in Winnipeg
A. Go skiing. B. See relatives. C. Enjoy hot springs.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where did Owen live while in Masai Mara
A. In a tent. B. In a boat. C. In a treehouse.
12. What does the woman think of Owen’s vacation
A. Comfortable. B. Expensive. C. Exciting.
13. Why does Owen suggest going to Masai Mara between August and September
A. The bushes are most colorful.
B. The animals are on the move.
C. Plains are good for driving.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman
A. An interviewer. B. A professor. C. A fitness trainer.
15. What did Adam study in college
A. Physics. B. Education. C. Chemistry.
16. Why did Adam give up playing football
A. He lost interest in it. B. He got heart problems. C. He had no time for training.
17. What does Adam now think of playing video games
A. It helps him relax. B. It’s a new trend. C. It’s a waste of time.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the voice guide provide
A. Directions to each room. B. Descriptions of exhibits. C. Schedules for key events.
19. How many exhibition rooms are there in the museum
A. 7. B. 10. C. 15.
20. What gift can voice guide users get
A. A digital record of their tour.
B. An e-book about the museum.
C. A picture of a popular exhibit.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In a recent email to an old friend, I mentioned that our family planned on taking our four week road trip in our motor home. My friend emailed back and said he thought I was very “brave” to set out on such an adventure with two young children (aged two and five). I laughed when I read his email and wondered if he knew how much he was missing out on by giving up the idea of such a fun RV trip (房车旅) with one’s family.
My husband and I have been “RVing” for over ten years.When we first started traveling, we certainly had some troubles that were not so funny at the time but seem to be funny now. We forgot our pillows and failed to cook dinner on an outdoor grill (烤架) for lack of a flashlight. Then we decided to make our dinner in the motor home but could not get the oven lit! So we went to bed a little hungrier than we had planned!
However, that's nothing compared with the amazing geological and natural wonders we experienced during our RV trips.In addition, we have discovered a new world of family fun and family bonding.We saw the Grand Canyon when our son was only six months old.We play games inside and out, walk together, talk together, read, solve puzzles, and enjoy music and movies.We have got used to doing things with one another.Our kids love to pick out good, old fashioned postcards to send off via “snail mail” to different family members on every trip.
As our world gets more and more overloaded with cell phones, texting, emails and video games, our family sticks more and more tightly to the wonderfully simple idea of unplugging for a while and jumping into the seat to take a trip in our motor home.Then we come home with fun pictures of our wanderings, and we're able to build special memories for our kids. Now we want to spread the word and tell families of all kinds what enjoyment can be had from packing the family up for a trip in the RV.
1. What did the author’s friend think of her travel plan
A. A family trip should not last four weeks.
B. It was wise of her to take children on RV trips.
C. A family RV trip might bring unexpected troubles.
D. It was an opportunity to teach children to be brave.
2. What can we learn about the first RV trip of the author’s family
A. They found many things lost.
B. It was ruined by bad weather.
C. They didn’t prepare well for it.
D. It was quite a scary experience.
3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To appeal families to take RV trips together.
B. To show how to make RV trips interesting.
C. To encourage kids to take part in RV trips.
D. To share an unforgettable traveling experience.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一家进行房车旅行的故事，呼吁其他家庭都可以一家人一起房车旅行，获得别样的乐趣。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“My friend emailed back and said he thought I was very “brave” to set out on such an adventure with two young children (aged two and five).”（我的朋友回信说，他认为我非常“勇敢”，带着两个孩子(一个两岁，一个五岁)开始了这样的冒险。）可知，朋友认为作者带着两个这么小的孩子房车旅行，可能会遇到各种麻烦，所以他才认为作者“勇敢”。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“We forgot our pillows and failed to cook dinner on an outdoor grill for lack of a flashlight. Then we decided to make our dinner in the motor home but could not get the oven lit!”（我们忘了带枕头，也没能在户外烤架上做饭，因为没有手电筒。然后我们决定在房车里做晚餐，但却无法点燃烤炉!）可知，作者一家第一次房车旅行时并没有做好充分准备。故选C项。
3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As our world gets more and more overloaded with cell phones, texting, emails and video games, our family sticks more and more tightly to the wonderfully simple idea of unplugging for a while and jumping into the seat to take a trip in our motor home.Then we come home with fun pictures of our wanderings, and we're able to build special memories for our kids. Now we want to spread the word and tell families of all kinds what enjoyment can be had from packing the family up for a trip in the RV.”（当我们的世界被手机、短信、电子邮件和视频游戏充斥得越来越不堪重负时，我们的家人越来越执着于一个奇妙的简单想法：暂时拔掉插头，跳进座位上，开着我们的房车去旅行。然后我们带着我们漫游的有趣照片回家，我们可以为我们的孩子建立特别的记忆。现在我们想把这个信息传播出去，告诉各种各样的家庭，乘坐房车旅行可以带给他们什么样的享受。）并结合全文可知，文章围绕作者一家的房车旅行展开，借此作者想告诉各种各样的家庭，乘坐房车旅行可以获得怎样的乐趣，呼吁一家人一起房车旅行。故选A项。
B
A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work had paid off. My mom had spent a lot in my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself： I volunteered, got involved in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new chapter(篇章)of my life. I had totally packed two weeks before it was time to leave.
Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart. To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies and I applied for a ton of jobs. In any remaining free time, I started forcing myself to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think how lonely I felt.
Soon after, I began to limit food，and then I became worse. Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor weighed me, I was crazy about the number of my weight. So I continued to lower my goal, and convinced that controlling this number was the solution for my homesickness. But when I was told that I had no choice but to spend time on my studies. I quickly started recovery in my mind.
How could I do I told myself that school was what I was best at. I decided to get rid of my homesickness and took exercise actively. My first term of college had passed by at last and I had gotten straight A's. That's why I want to share my story－to help other students feel less lonely.
4. How was the author during the two weeks before she left for the college
A. She was as normal as before.
B. She couldn't wait to leave for the college.
C. She was afraid to leave her home.
D. She didn't enjoy her mother's company.
5. What is the author's problem at the beginning of studying in the university
A. Her weight. B. Her bad study habit.
C. Her diet. D. Her homesickness.
6. Which can best replace the underlined phrase "distract myself" in paragraph 2
A. achieve my dream B. improve my studies
C. take my attention away D. earn money by myself
7. What is the main purpose of the author's writing the passage
A. To look back at her past life. B. To help girls to lose weight.
C. To increase her own confidence. D. To help lonely college students.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者刚开始上大学的经历，从上大学的前两周非常激动迫不及待，到进入大学后最初的想家，再到后来为了转移注意力而全身心地投入到学习中，申请工作，在剩下的空闲时间里强迫自己去健身房。这篇文章的目的是为了帮助孤独的大学生。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中I was so excited to start a new chapter of my life. I had totally packed two weeks before it was time to leave.（我很兴奋能开始我人生的新篇章。出发前两周我已经收拾好行李了。）可知去上大学前的两周，作者已经等不及要去上大学了。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.（我很想家，我不知道如何处理我破碎的心。）可知作者在大学学习之初的问题是想家。故选D。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart.可知作者起初很想家，因此为了转移自己的注意力，作者开始专心致志地学习，申请了一大堆工作。故划线短语意思为“转移注意力”，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一句That's why I want to share my story－to help other students feel less lonely.（这就是为什么我想分享我的故事——来帮助其他学生感觉不那么孤独。）可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是帮助孤独的大学生。故选D。
C
Many of us know about Russia’s Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baika. But over the past decade, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.
Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. The 26-mile (41.84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.
Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent (透明). “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she were jogging through space.” The New York Times noted.
The landscape might be beautiful, but it’s also harsh. Strong winds blast (侵袭) across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.
“When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, and you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature.” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC news.
The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finishing line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (隆重的欢迎). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies (自拍) and just ignore the runners.
For some runners, the absence of spectators makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself.” Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.
8. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article
A. It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.
B. It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.
C. It attracts more and more participants each year.
D. It is about 26 kilometers in length.
9. How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons
A. Only men are allowed to run in this race.
B. The runners are often distracted by tourists.
C. There are many progress markers on the ice.
D. The runners can see the finishing line from the start.
10. What is the most challenging part of the race for Messina
A. The cold climate. B. The long distance.
C. Noisy surroundings. D. Loneliness.
11. How many reasons are listed to show the loneliness
A. 5. B. 4.
C. 3. D. 2.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最孤独的马拉松是在贝加尔湖畔。自2005年以来，每年3月，来自世界各地的约150人报名参加贝加尔湖冰马拉松。他们来这里探索湖泊惊人的美丽，并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己。跑步者说寒冷的气候吸引了他们。他们想测试自己的极限。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第二句They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions.可知来参加马拉松的人们是来这里探索湖泊惊人的美丽，并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第六段第二句The finishing line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers.可知贝加尔湖冰马拉松与其他马拉松不同之处在于赛跑者从起跑线上就能看到终点。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段最后一句You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself.可知Messina认为这是一个人的比赛。要和自己独处。所要做的就是打败自己。即他认为孤独是最具有挑战性的部分，故选D。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段一、二句When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, and you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature.可知这种极限比赛允许人和自然相处；第七段最后一句Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies and just ignore the runners.可知拥挤在冰上的游客大多沉迷于自拍，对跑步者视而不见；以及最后一段第一句For some runners, the absence of spectators makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely.可知对一些跑步者来说，没有观众让比赛更具挑战性，因为它是孤独的。综上，孤独的原因有三点。故选C。
D
A night at the movies is always a good idea. But when you leave the theater and realize you just dropped $45 on a ticket and some snacks, you’ll wish you had been patient enough to wait until the movie came out on Netflix. The average movie ticket price in the United States in 2000 was $5.39; now, a ticket is over $9.
The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation (通货膨胀). It was actually more expensive to go to the movies in the 70s than it is now. A ticket in 1978 cost $2.34. If you plug that into an inflation calculator, the same ticket would cost you $9.46 today. According to the National Association of Theater Owners, the average cost for a ticket today is $9.11.
Another reason you need to spend some of your life savings to see a movie on the big screen is that theaters are competing with streaming services that produce their own films, such as Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon. And let’s be honest, sitting at home on your sofa or in your bed is more comfortable than sitting in a cold theater.
Because of streaming technology, theaters have to do something to bring in customers. Attractions—including alcohol, reclining seats (躺椅), surround sound, and 3-D movies are all examples of that. And those upgrades come at a price, leading to more expensive tickets.
“There’s all that extra cost, and it’s really important for theater owners and companies to make that experience as enjoyable as possible,” Patrick Corcoran, vice president of the National Association of Theatre Owners told Marketplace. “Because you’re offering a superb experience—audience expectations are for the latest and greatest technology. Audiences are willing to pay more for a particular experience.”
12. According to the passage, what makes movie tickets so expensive
A. The viewers are wealthier than before.
B. The movie theatres offer popcorns, alcohol for free.
C. Inflation has made the ticket price appear higher than before.
D. The popular movies with famous stars deserve the high price.
13. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. Netflix is always a better choice for movie viewers than theatres
B. with comfortable seats, theatres are more attractive than streaming services
C. the viewers actually pay more for the updates of the movie theatres
D. the theater owners and companies update the theaters to make the theatres famous
14. Which of the following would Patrick Corcoran most probably agree with
A. It’s unwise for viewers to pay so much to watch a movie in the theater.
B. The high price of a movie ticket is supposed to agree with a wonderful experience.
C. It’s a waste of money to provide the latest technology in the theatre.
D. The viewers would prefer to sit at home on the sofas or in the beds.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Behind the Increasing Price of Movie Tickets
B. Technological Improvement on Movie Theatres
C. The Competition between Movie Theatre and Streaming Services
D. How to Save the Viewers’ Wallets
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要解释美国平均电影票价上涨背后的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation (通货膨胀). (电影票价格飙升的主要原因是由于通货膨胀)”可知，人们觉得电影票价贵的原因，主要因为通货膨胀，钱的购买力下降。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“And those upgrades come at a price, leading to more expensive tickets. (这些对影院设施的升级改造是有代价的，因此就推动了电影票价的上涨)”可知，影院对设施的升级更新的花费，事实上都来自于更高价的电影票，即观众实际上为电影院的更新支付了更多的费用。故选C项。
【14题详解】
观点态度题。根据最后一段“Because you’re offering a superb experience—audience expectations are for the latest and greatest technology. Audiences are willing to pay more for a particular experience.(“因为你提供了卓越的体验——观众期待的是最新最棒的技术。观众愿意为特定的观影体验花更多的钱。”)”可知，Patrick Corcoran最有可能认为高价的电影票，应当意味着很棒的观影体验，故选B项。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“The average movie ticket price in the United States in 2000 was $5.39; now, a ticket is over $9. (2000年，美国的平均电影票价格为5.39美元；现在，一张票超过9美元)”，第二段“The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation (通货膨胀). (电影票价格飙升的主要原因是由于通货膨胀)”和最后一段“Because you’re offering a superb experience—audience expectations are for the latest and greatest technology. Audiences are willing to pay more for a particular experience.(因为你提供了卓越的体验——观众期待的是最新最棒的技术。观众愿意为特定的观影体验花更多的钱。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍电影票价疯涨背后的原因。A项“电影票涨价的背后”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It happens all the time-you are standing on a bus, listening to music, when you feel someone's breath on the back of your neck. You think to yourself: Is this person getting too close to me The answer is yes. Everyone has a sense of personal space.____16____
According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people,____17____reported Los Angeles Times. In the study, researchers from University College of London asked volunteers to hold their hands at different distances from their face. They then gave them an electric shock on their hand while measuring how often the volunteers blinked. The more they blinked(眨眼),___18___
The results among volunteers were a little different, but the average personal space was 20 to 40 centimeters. Researchers also found that the more anxious a person was, the larger their personal space was because they were more sensitive.
Besides psychological factors,___19___. For example, a person who grew up in a country that hugs a lot has less of a problem with strangers getting too close than a person who grew up in one with more distance between people.
___20___"If you are chatting to someone in your living room, you won't have a large safety margin(界限)at all," explained researcher Gian Domenico Iannetti. "But if you are walking through a dangerous area, then that will be much bigger." Sadly, sometimes people just don't understand the idea of personal space and keep getting into yours. Whenever that happens, rather than trying to step backwards, researchers suggest that you "create a new space" by turning to wave at someone passing by or to get something out of your bag.
A. But how big is this space
B. it shows that they are worried about their hands.
C. the more of a threat they felt the shock was to their face.
D. but generally it is between 20 to 40 centimeters in front of the face.
E. culture is also thought to be able to change your personal space.
F. People's senses of personal space also depend on the environments they are in.
G. It is clear that people's senses of personal space is considered to be very important.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在一些公共社交场合中，你是否有时会觉得他人和自己靠的太近，从而在心理上感到不适。其实，这是因为，他侵入了你的“个人空间”。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Everyone has a sense of personal space.”（每个人都有个人空间感。）和下文“According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people”（根据一项新的研究，空间的大小对不同的人是不同的）可知，设空处承上启下，询问空间的大小。A项：But how big is this space （但是这个空间有多大呢？）符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据上文“According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people”（根据一项新的研究，空间的大小对不同的人是不同的）可知，设空处跟具体的大小有关，D项：but generally it is between 20 to 40 centimeters in front of the face.（但通常是在面部前方20到40厘米之间。）符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据句型“the more...... the more…...”可知句意：眨眼的频率越高，说明他们认为电击对自己面部的威胁程度越高。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上句besides...和下句中的also...可知：“除了心理因素之外，文化也被认为能够影响个人空间的大小。”以及接下来所谈到的不同文化的空间感，E项：culture is also thought to be able to change your personal space.（文化也被认为能够改变你的个人空间。）符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
设空处是本段的主题句。根据下文“"If you are chatting to someone in your living room, you won't have a large safety margin at all," explained researcher Gian Domenico Iannetti. "But if you are walking through a dangerous area, then that will be much bigger." （研究人员Gian Domenico Iannetti解释说:“如果你在客厅里和某人聊天，你根本就没有很大的安全极限。”“但如果你正穿过一个危险区域，那就会大得多。”） 可知，人们对不同环境下空间概念不同，F项：People's senses of personal space also depend on the environments they are in.（人们的个人空间感也取决于他们所处的环境。）符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My career as a chef started at the age of 25, but my ___21___ for cooking started at an early age, when I was about 5 years old — by watching my grandmother and my mom in the kitchen ___22___ daily meals for the family. I was also ___23___by going with my grandfather to markets to ___24___ the freshest ingredients. My grandfather taught me the art of picking and recognizing “the ___25___.”
From my youth, I have had this passion for food. Growing up in Morocco, I witnessed the most amazing hospitality and ___26___ through my grandparents. They opened their ___27___ to everybody, and fed and sheltered the poor, travelers, family and friends.
I remember as a young kid coming home from school to the ___28___ of fragrant (芳香的) fresh bread coming out of the oven. Those smells stimulated (刺激) my senses at a young age. The ___29___were fresh and seasonal — they were very simple dishes but delightfully ___30___.
Food is almost as ___31___ as it is necessary. Food makes people feel things. I really think that food tastes its best when there is a ___32___ behind it. It shapes cultures, religion, politics and health. Food brings people together, and goes straight to the ___33___.
In my kitchen, I try to duplicate (复制) smells and flavors that make me think about more than what I’m actually smelling or ___34___ — it makes me think of life, my family, and my history. I love to cook food that ___35___ people’s emotions and memories; my philosophy is to “keep food real and simple.”
21. A. talent B. passion C. explanation D. expectation
22. A. changing B. ordering C. preparing D. searching
23. A. inspired B. bothered C. honored D. amused
24. A. ask about B. experiment with C. learn of D. shop for
25. A. biggest B. cleanest C. best D. cheapest
26. A. wisdom B. honesty C. success D. generosity
27. A. offices B. houses C. restaurant D. hotel
28. A. art B. signs C. creation D. smells
29. A. fruits B. vegetables C. ingredients D. goods
30. A. delicious B. useful C. organic D. convenient
31. A. nutritious B. sufficient C. emotional D. suitable
32. A. reason B. purpose C. cook D. story
33. A. kitchen B. heart C. source D. point
34. A. tasting B. chewing C. touching D. seeing
35. A. holds up B. drives away C. stirs up D. depends on
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者受家人的熏陶，对烹饪充满热情，他作为厨师的烹饪理念就是要保持食物的真实与简单。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的厨师生涯始于25岁，但我对烹饪的热情却从很小的时候就开始了，大约5岁的时候，我看着我的祖母和妈妈在厨房里为家人准备每天的饭菜。A. talent才能；B. passion热爱，激情；C. explanation解释；D. expectation期待。由第二段中的“From my youth, I have had this passion for food”可知，“我”对烹饪的“热爱（passion）”从小就开始了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的厨师生涯始于25岁，但我对烹饪的热情却从很小的时候就开始了，大约5岁的时候，我看着我的祖母和妈妈在厨房里为家人准备每天的饭菜。A. changing改变；B. ordering命令；C. preparing准备；D. searching搜索。由该空前的“my grandmother and my mom in the kitchen”和该空后的“daily meals for the family”，再结合常识可知，祖母和妈妈在厨房里为一家人“准备（preparing）”一日三餐。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和祖父一起去市场买最新鲜的食材也给了我灵感。A. inspired鼓舞；B. bothered麻烦；C. honored荣誉；D. amused娱乐。由该空后的“going with my grandfather to markets”和“My grandfather taught me the art of picking and recognizing”可知，“我”也受到了和祖父一起去市场购物的“启发(inspired)”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和祖父一起去市场买最新鲜的食材也给了我灵感。A. ask about询问；B. experiment with做实验；C. learn of听说；D. shop for购买。由该空前的markets和该空后的“the freshest ingredients”以及“My grandfather taught me the art of picking and recognizing”可知，“我”和祖父去市场“选购（shop for）”最新鲜的食材。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我祖父教会了我挑选和识别“最好的东西”的艺术。A. biggest最大的；B. cleanest最干净的；C. best最好的；D. cheapest最便宜的。由上文中的“the freshest ingredients”可知，此处是指祖父教“我”如何挑选和辨认“最好的（best）”食材。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在摩洛哥长大，从我的祖父母那里见证了最令人惊叹的热情和慷慨。A. wisdom智慧；B. honesty诚实；C. success成功；D. generosity慷慨。由下文中的“fed and sheltered the poor, travelers, family and friends”可知，“我”通过祖父母见证了最令人惊叹的好客和“慷慨（generosity）”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们向所有人敞开大门，为穷人、旅行者、家人和朋友提供食物和庇护。A. offices办公室；B. houses房子；C. restaurant餐厅；D. hotel旅馆。由该空后的“sheltered the poor ... friends”可知，此处是指祖父母把“房子（houses）”向所有人开放。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得小时候放学回家，闻到刚出炉的面包的香味。A. art艺术；B. signs标志；C. creation创造；D. smells气味。由该空后的“fragrant fresh bread coming out of the oven”及下文中的“Those smells stimulated my senses”可知，“我”从学校回到家就能闻到芳香的刚出炉的新鲜面包的“味道（smells）”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些食材都是新鲜的时令食材——它们都是非常简单的菜肴，但却美味可口。A. fruits水果；B. vegetables 蔬菜；C. ingredients材料；D. goods商品。上文中的“the freshest ingredients”提示本空，“原料（ingredients）”都是新鲜的、当季的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些食材都是新鲜的时令食材——它们都是非常简单的菜肴，但却美味可口。A. delicious美味的；B. useful有用的；C. organic有机的；D. convenient方便的。由本段中的fragrant和delightfully可推知，此处是指这些菜肴很简单，但“美味可口（delicious）”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：食物几乎和它的必要性一样情绪化。A. nutritious有营养的；B. sufficient足够的；C. emotional情感的；D. suitable合适的。由该段中的“Food makes people feel things”和“Food brings people together”以及该段的描述可知，食物“能激起人的感情（emotional）”。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的认为，当食物背后有故事的时候，它的味道是最好的。A. reason理由；B. purpose目的；C. cook厨师；D. story故事。由该空前的“Food makes people feel things”和该空后的“It shapes cultures, religion, politics and health”可知，“我”认为有“故事（story）”的食物味道最好。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物让人们走到一起，直达心灵。A. kitchen厨房；B. heart心；C. source来源；D. point要点。由该空前的“Food brings people together”可知，食物把人们聚在一起，直抵“心灵（heart）”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的厨房里，我试着复制气味和味道，让我思考更多的东西，而不是我实际闻到或品尝到的东西——它让我想到生活、我的家庭和我的历史。A. tasting品尝；B. chewing咀嚼；C. touching触碰；D. seeing看见。由上文中的“smells and flavors”可知，此处指“我”能闻到的气味和“尝到（tasting）”的味道。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我喜欢做能激起人们情感和回忆的食物；我的理念是“让食物真实而简单”。A. holds up堵塞；B. drives away赶走；C. stirs up激起；D. depends on取决于。由上文的描述可知，作者喜欢烹饪能“激起（stirs up）”人们的情感和回忆的食物。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7. 3 billion people consume 1. 6 times ____36____ the earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population ____37____ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without ____38____ (expand) the land and water already in use We can't double the amount of food. ____39____ (fortunate), we don't have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. ____40____ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the near- term, food production is enough to provide for all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. About 1. 3 billion tons of food ____41____ (waste) each year—four times the amount ____42____ (need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are ____43____ (hunger) .
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption ____44____ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly _____45_____ same amount of land we use now.
【答案】36. what
37. will reach
38. expanding
39. Fortunately
40. In 41. are wasted
42. needed 43. hungry
44. patterns
45. the
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍粮食问题带来的威胁，并号召大家重视提高生产效率、减少浪费。
【36题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：如今，73亿人消耗的资源是地球自然资源能供应的1.6倍。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子可知，空格后是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作supply的宾语，表示“地球自然资源能提供的资源”。综上，应用连接代词what引导词该宾语从句。故填what。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到2050年，世界人口将达到90亿，对食物的需求将翻一番。分析句子可知，句中有表将来时间的时间状语“By 2050”，reach作为第一分句谓语动词，和第二分句谓语will double一样，都应使用一般将来时态。故填will reach。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，我们如何在不扩大已经在使用的土地和水的同时，为更多的人生产更多的粮食 根据空格前介词without可知，expand应用动名词形式expanding作宾语。故填expanding。
【39题详解】
考查副词。 句意：幸运的是，我们不必这样做——我们只需将现有的食物量翻一番就可以了。结合句意，分析句子可知，fortunate修饰整个句子作评注性状语，应用副词形式。故填Fortunately。
【40题详解】
考查介词和固定短语。 句意：总之，我们必须冻结粮食的足迹。根据句意可知，应使用固定短语in short，表示“总之”。故填In。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。 句意：每年约有13亿吨食物被浪费，是8亿饥饿人口所需食物的4倍。根据句中时间状语each year可知，描述普遍情况，应使用一般现在时态；分析句子可知，waste(浪费)是谓语动词，与其主语About 1. 3 billion tons of food之间为被动关系；又因主语About 1. 3 billion tons of food是复数概念，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式，综上，谓语动词waste应使用一般在现在时被动词语态，复数形式。故填are wasted。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。 句意：每年约有13亿吨食物被浪费，是8亿饥饿人口所需食物总量的4倍。分析句子可知，need(需要)是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词the amount，与其逻辑主语the amount之间有被动关系，表示“所需的总量”，所以应用过去分词，表示被动。故填needed。
43题详解】
考查形容词。 句意：每年约有13亿吨食物被浪费，是8亿饥饿人口所需食物的4倍。 分析句子可知，在连系动词are之后作定语从句中的表语，应用形容词形式hungry。故填hungry。
【44题详解】
考查名词。 句意：通过提高效率和生产力，同时减少浪费和改变消费模式，到2050年，我们可以用与现在大致相同的土地为每个人生产足够的粮食。结合句意，分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词，构成名词词组consumption pattern(消费模式)作动词shifting的宾语，又因pattern是可数名词，句中“改变消费模式”是复数概念，所以pattern应用复数形式。故填patterns。
【45题详解】
考查冠词和固定搭配。句意：通过提高效率和生产力，同时减少浪费和改变消费模式，到2050年，我们可以用与现在大致相同的土地为每个人生产足够的粮食。形容词same表示 “相同的”，前面常加定冠词构成固定搭配。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 详述水饺制作的过程；
2. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Knowing that you are fond of Chinese cuisine, especially dumplings, I’m glad to tell you how to make dumplings.
First of all, you should mix the flour with water. The second step is to prepare the filling. You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables. Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly. When all these preparations are done, you can start making dumpling wrappers and making dumplings.
I hope the above information is helpful to you. Contact me if you need any help. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：be fond of→be keen on
选择：choose→select
对……某人有益：be helpful to→be beneficial to
答复：reply→answer
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables. Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly.
拓展句：You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables, after which put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are fond of Chinese cuisine, especially dumplings, I’m glad to tell you how to make dumplings.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】When all these preparations are done, you can start making dumpling wrappers and making dumplings.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1989, fresh out of high school, I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited options (选择): becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn’t interested in engineering, so I was left with medicine or business. I couldn’t decide.
My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision.
It seemed like a brilliant idea. I was accepted for a month’s placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings.
The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience couldn’t have been more different. The hospital had an intense (紧张的) environment. The days started early (at 7 am, compared to 9 am at the bank), and were heavy with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again the next day.
I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere (氛围), better working hours and less stress. The hospital was full of excitement and unpredictability, but the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that the business option was going to win out.
Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after an especially busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, with college students sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus. He hit the road face down and rolled over. He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus drove away quickly. The cars directly behind the bus braked to avoid the boy, but none stopped. I knew that if the boy was bleeding into his brain, he would die soon. I stopped my car. I lifted his unconscious body into my car with the help of some passers-by, and then raced back to the hospital. Since I wasn’t allowed into the operation room, I drove home.
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces. The mother held my hands and started weeping. “Son, you are an angel,” she repeated over and over again. After comforting her, I went over to the boy. He managed to smile and squeezed my hand. No words were spoken between us — none were needed. I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement, the most fabulous mood I had ever experienced. I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中毕业后面临职业道路选择，在医学和商业之间犹豫，作者无法决定。作者的叔叔建议作者在国际公司待一个月，然后在医院待一个月，之后做出决定。在医院的一个月快结束时，作者在开车回家的路上看到一辆在车流中穿行的公共汽车，学生们在车上晃来晃去。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，一个男孩从公共汽车后面掉了下来。”可知，第一段可描写男孩摔倒在路上，作者在路人的帮助下，将他抬上车，送至医院，然后作者开车回家。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，当我去医院看望这个男孩时，他的家人都站了起来，脸上挂着感激的笑容。”可知，第二段可描写男孩的母亲表达感激，作者感觉兴奋，并知道以后自己想要做什么。
2.续写线索：男孩掉下公共汽车——作者停车送男孩去医院——作者开车回家——作者去探望男孩——男孩的家人表达感激——作者感觉兴奋——作者确定以后想做什么
3.词汇激活
行为类
①停下来：stop/come to a halt
②赶回：race back/rush back/return in a hurry
③经历：experience/go through/undergo
情绪类
①兴奋：excitement/thrill
②绝妙的：fabulous/wonderful
【点睛】【高分句型1】He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus drove away quickly.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】I knew that if the boy was bleeding into his brain, he would die soon.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，if引导的条件状语从句）腾冲市第八中学2023—2024学年下学期高二开学考
英语试卷
满分150分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Kevin often do in his spare time
A. Read books. B. Grow flowers. C. Take pictures.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At the doctor’s. B. In the office. C. On the sports field.
3. What does Claire ask David to do
A. Leave a message. B. Design a project. C. Give her a call.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Keeping in shape. B. Doing housework. C. Dealing with stress.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and assistant. C. Driver and policewoman.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6 Which day does the man want the tickets for
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. Wednesday.
7. What will the man probably do
A. Order his tickets by phone.
B. Go to another ticket office.
C. Buy a ticket for the woman.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How will Joseph travel from Winnipeg to Banff
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
9. How long will Joseph stay in Canada
A. One week. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks.
10. What will Joseph do in Winnipeg
A. Go skiing. B. See relatives. C. Enjoy hot springs.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where did Owen live while in Masai Mara
A. In a tent. B. In a boat. C. In a treehouse.
12. What does the woman think of Owen’s vacation
A. Comfortable. B. Expensive. C. Exciting.
13. Why does Owen suggest going to Masai Mara between August and September
A The bushes are most colorful.
B. The animals are on the move.
C. Plains are good for driving.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman
A. An interviewer. B. A professor. C. A fitness trainer.
15. What did Adam study in college
A Physics. B. Education. C. Chemistry.
16. Why did Adam give up playing football
A. He lost interest in it. B. He got heart problems. C. He had no time for training.
17. What does Adam now think of playing video games
A. It helps him relax. B. It’s a new trend. C. It’s a waste of time.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the voice guide provide
A. Directions to each room. B. Descriptions of exhibits. C. Schedules for key events.
19. How many exhibition rooms are there in the museum
A. 7. B. 10. C. 15.
20. What gift can voice guide users get
A. A digital record of their tour.
B. An e-book about the museum.
C. A picture of a popular exhibit.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In a recent email to an old friend, I mentioned that our family planned on taking our four week road trip in our motor home. My friend emailed back and said he thought I was very “brave” to set out on such an adventure with two young children (aged two and five). I laughed when I read his email and wondered if he knew how much he was missing out on by giving up the idea of such a fun RV trip (房车旅) with one’s family.
My husband and I have been “RVing” for over ten years.When we first started traveling, we certainly had some troubles that were not so funny at the time but seem to be funny now. We forgot our pillows and failed to cook dinner on an outdoor grill (烤架) for lack of a flashlight. Then we decided to make our dinner in the motor home but could not get the oven lit! So we went to bed a little hungrier than we had planned!
However, that's nothing compared with the amazing geological and natural wonders we experienced during our RV trips.In addition, we have discovered a new world of family fun and family bonding.We saw the Grand Canyon when our son was only six months old.We play games inside and out, walk together, talk together, read, solve puzzles, and enjoy music and movies.We have got used to doing things with one another.Our kids love to pick out good, old fashioned postcards to send off via “snail mail” to different family members on every trip.
As our world gets more and more overloaded with cell phones, texting, emails and video games, our family sticks more and more tightly to the wonderfully simple idea of unplugging for a while and jumping into the seat to take a trip in our motor home.Then we come home with fun pictures of our wanderings, and we're able to build special memories for our kids. Now we want to spread the word and tell families of all kinds what enjoyment can be had from packing the family up for a trip in the RV.
1. What did the author’s friend think of her travel plan
A. A family trip should not last four weeks.
B It was wise of her to take children on RV trips.
C. A family RV trip might bring unexpected troubles.
D. It was an opportunity to teach children to be brave.
2. What can we learn about the first RV trip of the author’s family
A. They found many things lost.
B. It was ruined by bad weather.
C. They didn’t prepare well for it.
D. It was quite a scary experience.
3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To appeal families to take RV trips together.
B. To show how to make RV trips interesting.
C. To encourage kids to take part in RV trips.
D. To share an unforgettable traveling experience.
B
A year back I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work had paid off. My mom had spent a lot in my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself： I volunteered, got involved in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new chapter(篇章)of my life. I had totally packed two weeks before it was time to leave.
Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was so homesick and I didn't know how to deal with my broken heart. To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies and I applied for a ton of jobs. In any remaining free time, I started forcing myself to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn't think how lonely I felt.
Soon after, I began to limit food，and then I became worse. Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor weighed me, I was crazy about the number of my weight. So I continued to lower my goal, and convinced that controlling this number was the solution for my homesickness. But when I was told that I had no choice but to spend time on my studies. I quickly started recovery in my mind.
How could I do I told myself that school was what I was best at. I decided to get rid of my homesickness and took exercise actively. My first term of college had passed by at last and I had gotten straight A's. That's why I want to share my story－to help other students feel less lonely.
4. How was the author during the two weeks before she left for the college
A. She was as normal as before.
B. She couldn't wait to leave for the college.
C. She was afraid to leave her home.
D. She didn't enjoy her mother's company.
5. What is the author's problem at the beginning of studying in the university
A. Her weight. B. Her bad study habit.
C. Her diet. D. Her homesickness.
6. Which can best replace the underlined phrase "distract myself" in paragraph 2
A. achieve my dream B. improve my studies
C. take my attention away D. earn money by myself
7. What is the main purpose of the author's writing the passage
A. To look back at her past life. B. To help girls to lose weight.
C. To increase her own confidence. D. To help lonely college students.
C
Many of us know about Russia’s Lake Baikal from our textbooks or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baika. But over the past decade, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.
Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. The 26-mile (41.84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.
Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent (透明的). “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she were jogging through space.” The New York Times noted.
The landscape might be beautiful, but it’s also harsh. Strong winds blast (侵袭) across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.
“When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, and you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature.” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC news.
The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finishing line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (隆重的欢迎). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies (自拍) and just ignore the runners.
For some runners, the absence of spectators makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself.” Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.
8. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article
A. It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.
B. It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.
C. It attracts more and more participants each year.
D. It is about 26 kilometers in length.
9. How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons
A. Only men are allowed to run in this race.
B. The runners are often distracted by tourists.
C. There are many progress markers on the ice.
D. The runners can see the finishing line from the start.
10. What is the most challenging part of the race for Messina
A. The cold climate. B. The long distance.
C. Noisy surroundings. D. Loneliness.
11. How many reasons are listed to show the loneliness
A. 5. B. 4.
C. 3. D. 2.
D
A night at the movies is always a good idea. But when you leave the theater and realize you just dropped $45 on a ticket and some snacks, you’ll wish you had been patient enough to wait until the movie came out on Netflix. The average movie ticket price in the United States in 2000 was $5.39; now, a ticket is over $9.
The main reason that movie tickets have gotten so expensive is because of inflation (通货膨胀). It was actually more expensive to go to the movies in the 70s than it is now. A ticket in 1978 cost $2.34. If you plug that into an inflation calculator, the same ticket would cost you $9.46 today. According to the National Association of Theater Owners, the average cost for a ticket today is $9.11.
Another reason you need to spend some of your life savings to see a movie on the big screen is that theaters are competing with streaming services that produce their own films, such as Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon. And let’s be honest, sitting at home on your sofa or in your bed is more comfortable than sitting in a cold theater.
Because of streaming technology, theaters have to do something to bring in customers. Attractions—including alcohol, reclining seats (躺椅), surround sound, and 3-D movies are all examples of that. And those upgrades come at a price, leading to more expensive tickets.
“There’s all that extra cost, and it’s really important for theater owners and companies to make that experience as enjoyable as possible,” Patrick Corcoran, vice president of the National Association of Theatre Owners told Marketplace. “Because you’re offering a superb experience—audience expectations are for the latest and greatest technology. Audiences are willing to pay more for a particular experience.”
12. According to the passage, what makes movie tickets so expensive
A. The viewers are wealthier than before.
B. The movie theatres offer popcorns, alcohol for free.
C. Inflation has made the ticket price appear higher than before.
D. The popular movies with famous stars deserve the high price.
13. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. Netflix is always a better choice for movie viewers than theatres
B. with comfortable seats, theatres are more attractive than streaming services
C. the viewers actually pay more for the updates of the movie theatres
D. the theater owners and companies update the theaters to make the theatres famous
14. Which of the following would Patrick Corcoran most probably agree with
A. It’s unwise for viewers to pay so much to watch a movie in the theater.
B. The high price of a movie ticket is supposed to agree with a wonderful experience.
C. It’s a waste of money to provide the latest technology in the theatre.
D. The viewers would prefer to sit at home on the sofas or in the beds.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Behind the Increasing Price of Movie Tickets
B. Technological Improvement on Movie Theatres
C. The Competition between Movie Theatre and Streaming Services
D. How to Save the Viewers’ Wallets
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It happens all the time-you are standing on a bus, listening to music, when you feel someone's breath on the back of your neck. You think to yourself: Is this person getting too close to me The answer is yes. Everyone has a sense of personal space.____16____
According to a new study, the size of the space is different for different people,____17____reported Los Angeles Times. In the study, researchers from University College of London asked volunteers to hold their hands at different distances from their face. They then gave them an electric shock on their hand while measuring how often the volunteers blinked. The more they blinked(眨眼),___18___
The results among volunteers were a little different, but the average personal space was 20 to 40 centimeters. Researchers also found that the more anxious a person was, the larger their personal space was because they were more sensitive.
Besides psychological factors,___19___. For example, a person who grew up in a country that hugs a lot has less of a problem with strangers getting too close than a person who grew up in one with more distance between people.
___20___"If you are chatting to someone in your living room, you won't have a large safety margin(界限)at all," explained researcher Gian Domenico Iannetti. "But if you are walking through a dangerous area, then that will be much bigger." Sadly, sometimes people just don't understand the idea of personal space and keep getting into yours. Whenever that happens, rather than trying to step backwards, researchers suggest that you "create a new space" by turning to wave at someone passing by or to get something out of your bag.
A. But how big is this space
B. it shows that they are worried about their hands.
C. the more of a threat they felt the shock was to their face.
D. but generally it is between 20 to 40 centimeters in front of the face.
E. culture is also thought to be able to change your personal space.
F. People's senses of personal space also depend on the environments they are in.
G. It is clear that people's senses of personal space is considered to be very important.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My career as a chef started at the age of 25, but my ___21___ for cooking started at an early age, when I was about 5 years old — by watching my grandmother and my mom in the kitchen ___22___ daily meals for the family. I was also ___23___by going with my grandfather to markets to ___24___ the freshest ingredients. My grandfather taught me the art of picking and recognizing “the ___25___.”
From my youth, I have had this passion for food. Growing up in Morocco, I witnessed the most amazing hospitality and ___26___ through my grandparents. They opened their ___27___ to everybody, and fed and sheltered the poor, travelers, family and friends.
I remember as a young kid coming home from school to the ___28___ of fragrant (芳香的) fresh bread coming out of the oven. Those smells stimulated (刺激) my senses at a young age. The ___29___were fresh and seasonal — they were very simple dishes but delightfully ___30___.
Food is almost as ___31___ as it is necessary. Food makes people feel things. I really think that food tastes its best when there is a ___32___ behind it. It shapes cultures, religion, politics and health. Food brings people together, and goes straight to the ___33___.
In my kitchen, I try to duplicate (复制) smells and flavors that make me think about more than what I’m actually smelling or ___34___ — it makes me think of life, my family, and my history. I love to cook food that ___35___ people’s emotions and memories; my philosophy is to “keep food real and simple.”
21. A. talent B. passion C. explanation D. expectation
22. A. changing B. ordering C. preparing D. searching
23. A. inspired B. bothered C. honored D. amused
24. A. ask about B. experiment with C. learn of D. shop for
25. A. biggest B. cleanest C. best D. cheapest
26. A. wisdom B. honesty C. success D. generosity
27. A. offices B. houses C. restaurant D. hotel
28. A. art B. signs C. creation D. smells
29. A. fruits B. vegetables C. ingredients D. goods
30. A. delicious B. useful C. organic D. convenient
31. A. nutritious B. sufficient C. emotional D. suitable
32. A. reason B. purpose C. cook D. story
33. A. kitchen B. heart C. source D. point
34. A. tasting B. chewing C. touching D. seeing
35. A. holds up B. drives away C. stirs up D. depends on
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, 7. 3 billion people consume 1. 6 times ____36____ the earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population ____37____ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without ____38____ (expand) the land and water already in use We can't double the amount of food. ____39____ (fortunate), we don't have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. ____40____ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the near- term, food production is enough to provide for all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. About 1. 3 billion tons of food ____41____ (waste) each year—four times the amount ____42____ (need) to feed the more than 800 million people who are ____43____ (hunger) .
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption ____44____ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly _____45_____ same amount of land we use now.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 详述水饺制作的过程；
2. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1989, fresh out of high school, I had the difficult task of choosing a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited options (选择): becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn’t interested in engineering, so I was left with medicine or business. I couldn’t decide.
My uncle, an influential person in the family, suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision.
It seemed like a brilliant idea. I was accepted for a month’s placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance functioned, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings.
The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience couldn’t have been more different. The hospital had an intense (紧张的) environment. The days started early (at 7 am, compared to 9 am at the bank), and were heavy with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again the next day.
I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere (氛围), better working hours and less stress. The hospital was full of excitement and unpredictability, but the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that the business option was going to win out.
Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after an especially busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, with college students sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
