2023-2024学年度(下)周口恒大中学高二开学考试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟;满分：120分
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Four Largest Zoos
A zoo, also known as a zoological park or zoological garden, is a place where animals are displayed in a secured (safe) way to the public. In this article, we want you to know about the four largest zoos in the world as of 2021.
London Zoo, England
The London Zoo was established in the year 1828 for scientific study only. Later, it was open to the general public in the year 1847. This zoo works hard to protect endangered animals, such as the Sumatran tiger. The London Zoo is open every day of the year except for Christmas Day.
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, the United States
The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is home to around 7,000 animals of more than 800 species. The non-profit zoological park was opened in 1927. It is open every day except for Thanksgiving and Christmas Day.
Beijing Zoo, China
The Beijing Zoo covers a total surface area of 890,000 square meters. The traditionally-built zoological park is an attraction for millions of tourists. It is home to popular animal species such as giant pandas, South China tigers, and so on. The Beijing Zoo is open every day of the year.
Berlin Zoological Garden, Germany
The huge variety of animal species makes Berlin Zoological Garden one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world. Regular animal feeding is one of its most popular attractions. Globally known animals like Knut, the polar bear, and Meng Meng — a giant panda, have contributed to the zoo’s public image. The zoo is open every day of the year, except for Christmas Day.
1. What can we know about London Zoo
A. It is a non-profit zoo. B. It was built in a traditional way.
C. It used to be a base for animal research. D. It holds animal feeding activities regularly.
2. Which zoo can we go to on December 25th
A. London Zoo. B. Beijing Zoo.
C. Berlin Zoological Garden. D. Columbus Zoo and Aquarium.
3. What makes Berlin Zoological Garden a popular tourist attraction
A. Its long business hours. B. Its wide variety of animals.
C. Its beautiful natural scenery. D. Its world-famous polar bears.
B
The health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.
Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above in England and Scotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.
After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besides the named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket(球拍)sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.
In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.
Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables (变量) that were not taken into account.
Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.
4. How is the study conducted
A. By doing comparative experiments.
B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By evaluating survey information.
D. By tracking participants for a long time.
5. What does the underlined part “the named sports’” refer to
A. Water sports. B. Racket sports.
C. Individual sports. D. Traditional sports.
6. What can we infer from Paragraph 5
A. Few people will play football.
B. Tennis will become more popular.
C. The result of this study is wrong.
D. The study could be further improved.
7. What does the author advise people to do
A. Stick to any sport that you like.
B. Play badminton and tennis only.
C. Stop running and playing football.
D. Do any sport according to guidelines.
C
It is not always easy to understand animal behavior especially when it’s related to other species (物种). For decades, researchers have observed orca (虎鲸) attacking and even killing porpoises (鼠海豚) in the Pacific Northwest. But it confuses people that these expert hunters don’t eat them. So what’s going on here
Southern Resident orcas are a different population of orcas that live in the Pacific Northwest. The lives of these orcas are closely tied to those of the salmon (鲑鱼). So if the salmon disappear, so too will the orca. But despite their preference for salmon, these whales are known to attack and kill other smaller marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物)without eating them.
To better understand this unusual behavior, an international team of researchers did a research and examined more than 60 years of recorded interactions between Southern Resident orcas and porpoises in the Salish Sea.
“Why don’t the Southern Residents just eat porpoises instead ” Deborah Giles of Wild Orca said. “It’s because fish-eating killer whales have a completely different ecology and culture from orcas that eat marine mammals. So we must conclude that their interactions with porpoises serve a different purpose, but this purpose has only been a guess until now.”
According to Giles and her colleagues’ work, the orca may be attacking the porpoise as a form of social play. It is possible these large animals may be attacking the smaller mammals as a way to build up social cohesion (凝聚力). Similarly, the behavior could represent hunting practice, by which the orcas are practising their teamwork and cooperation skills for hunting salmon. Finally, the behavior could be a way of “mismothering” where the orca see the smaller porpoises as weaker or ill and so in need of care.
This work highlights the need for the protection of salmon populations in the area as well as the orcas’ entire hunting range. The threat (威胁) to the salmon’s future is not just a threat to a single species, but an entire ecosystem.
8. Why did an international team of researchers do their study
A. To find out a way to protect porpoises.
B To make sure the reason why some orcas attack salmons.
C. To solve the problem of marine mammals’ living environment.
D. To better understand the strange behavior of Southern Resident orcas.
9. What are Southern Resident orcas’ favorite food
A. Porpoises B. Marine mammals. C. Salmons. D. Whales.
10. According to Giles’ research, which maybe a reason for the orcas’ attacking porpoises
A. It’s a kind of social play with porpoises.
B. It is a practice to kill porpoises as their food.
C. The orcas may dislike the smaller porpoises.
D. It’s a way for the orcas to practice their hunting skills.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude to the research
A. Positive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
D
A few days ago, the Brooklyn Nets basketball player Ben Simmons donated a basketball court to Machang township in Southwest China’s Guizhou Province during a ceremony. Simmons has visited China several times since he was young. He has been deeply touched by the Chinese people’s warmth and friendly feelings toward him and their enthusiasm for the basketball.
Impressed by the news that basketball competitions had been held in Guizhou at a village with their own “Village Basketball Association(VBA)”, Simmons decided to donate a basketball court to the village during the Chinese New Year Basketball Competition in January. After conducting a survey, he set up the basketball court in Machang township in Gui’an New Area in the hope that it would create more opportunities for young fans to play basketball.
In the mountainous village of Machang, there are no huge electronic screens or advertisements at basketball games, but they can still be thrilling thanks to local players’ love for the sport. These players later became a hit in China and even went global. A recent final competition attracted 30,000 viewers on site and more than 1 billion viewers online.
Comparatively, the NBA boasts the best players in the world, top-class basketball gyms and professionally made commercials, so its exciting games draw fans around the world. NBA and the “VBA”are thousands of miles apart, but their games are equally striking, fueling thousands of fans’ enthusiasm. Both focus on a common interest of basketball fans in the U. S. and China and their shared pursuit of sports and a better life.
Although Machang township lacks modern sports facilities the local people’s love for basketball remains strong. So Simmons’ donation will surely help improve the village’s situation to a certain extent, but more importantly, it will bring people separated by the Pacfe Ocean closer through this sport.
12. Why did Simmons donate a basketball court to Machang township
A. To attract global attention to the village.
B. To participate in more local competitions.
C. To show his passion for local people’s lifestyle.
D. To encourage more young people to play basketball.
13. What makes the local basketball games exciting
A. Players’ professional skill. B. The large number of viewers.
C. Players’ passion for basketball. D. Powerful promotion of the games.
14. How is paragraph 4 developed
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By providing comments. D. By drawing conclusions.
15. What is the suitable title for the text
A China’s “VBA” Becomes a Hit
B. NBA Player Does Charity in Chinese Village
C. Village Players Compete in International Competitions
D. Shared Love of Basketball Links NBA and China’s“VBA”
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An eco-friendly lunch bag is great because it is a game-changer. ___16___ It is so convenient that, after buying one, you’ll wonder how you ever survived the workday without a handy supply of food stored under your desk.
Why do I focus on lunch bags Because it's so beneficial both personally and environmentally. Here is a list of my reasons:
___17___ Depending on where you live, you could save $1,000-$3,000 per year. I had a personal financial crisis a few years ago and I was floored by how much money I saved just by packing a lunch every day.
Buying lunch in single-use items is wasteful. If you buy a small meal and a drink, you could go through many single-use items and a pile of napkins with each meal. ___18___
Now such lunch bags have been invented by rü. This company, whose name is short for “re-use”, is based in Vancouver, British Columbia. ___19___ And post-consumer plastic waste can be made full use of. Just as impressive as the recycled material is the fact that rü bags are machine washable. Moreover, the bags are lovely to look at and come in a wide range of colors and patterns.
The bags also have an impressive 3-gallon capacity. The roll-down top means they can be easily adjusted for size. ___20___ Combined with some lightweight sandwich bags, everything can be put in a briefcase or clipped onto a purse at the end of the day.
A. When empty, it can be rolled up easily.
B. So you can buy one that adjusts to your bag.
C. Everyone wants to own a beautiful lunch bag.
D. Bringing lunch to work saves so much money.
E. It creates beautiful lunch bags from recycled material.
F. It saves money, boosts nutrition, reduces plastic waste.
G. Packing lunch saves thousands of single-use products every year.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher told me about them again and again. But soon, the ____21____ of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.
One day, I ____22____ to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the ____23____ seemed to be surprised.
Gently shaking his ____24____, shrugging（耸）his shoulders, he said, “You don’t say!” I was ____25____. I thought perhaps this was not an proper ____26____. I had better change it. So I said to him, “Have you ever been to the Great Wall ” “Certainly, everyone back home will ____27____ me if I leave China without seeing it. It was amazing.” I continued, “The Great Wall is one of the ____28____ in the world. We are very proud of it.” But soon “You don’t say!” came to my ears again. I couldn’t ____29____ asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it ” “Well, I didn’t ask you to do so,” he answered, _____30_____ surprised. I said, “Didn’t you say! ‘You don’t say!’ ” _____31_____ this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to _____32_____, “‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’! It is a/ an _____33_____ of surprise. Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a _____34_____ of myself. Since then I have been more _____35_____ with idiomatic expressions.
21. A. effect B. importance C. difference D. source
22. A. seemed B. expected C. wanted D. happened
23. A. foreigner B. teacher C. student D. partner
24. A. hand B. arm C. head D. body
25. A. worried B. uneasy C. curious D. confused
26. A. topic B. style C. opinion D. image
27. A. depend on B. ran after C. laugh at D. refer to
28. A. facts B. wonders C. places D. scenes
29. A. believe B. hope C. doubt D. help
30. A. greatly B. clearly C. hardly D. nearly
31. A. Finding B. Feeling C. Hearing D. Noticing
32. A. request B. explain C. complain D. determine
33. A. example B. expression C. factor D. description
34. A. sense B. sign C. mess D. fool
35. A. satisfied B. anxious C. careful D. limited
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分;满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
After orbiting Earth for six months, the three crew members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission departed from the Tiangong space station. They ___36___ (breath) fresh air for the first time as ground recovery personnel opened the hatch of their capsule at 10:03 am and carried them out one by one.
“I am feeling very good. We want to report to the motherland and the people that we have ___37___ (success) completed the Shenzhou XIII mission.” Zhai, told China Central Television. Wang, the first female Chinese spacewalker told the State broadcaster that she wanted to tell her little daughter that “mom has returned after reaching ___38___ the stars”.
The crew has set a new record for China’s longest spaceflight, almost doubling ___39___ previous record of 92 days ___40___ (create) by their peers in the Shenzhou XII mission.
The crew members also carried out two science lectures for Chinese students. In those lectures, ___41___ were livestreamed worldwide by China Media Group, the astronauts showed viewers ___42___ they lived and worked inside the gigantic space station and showed physical phenomena only possible in microgravity (微重力). In one experiment, Wang used a Bing Dwen Dwen toy to display how objects flew in a ___43___ (weight) environment.
The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons marked the start of the Tiangong Class series which aims ___44___ (inspire) youngsters to pursue their “science and space dreams”. That lecture made China the second country, ____45____ (follow) the United States, to have delivered a lesson to schoolchildren from space.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐拍摄内容；
2.陈述理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The forest was full of shadows as a little girl hurried through it one autumn evening. I was already 8 o'clock and Sylvie wondered if her parents would be angry with her for being so late.
Every evening Sylvie left at 5:30 to bring their cow home. The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass. Sylvie’s routine included bringing her home to be milked.
When the cow heard Sylvie’s voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes.
This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her home. The cow stopped at a small stream to drink. As Sylvie waited, she put her bare feet in the cold, fresh water of the stream.
She had never before been alone in the forest as late as this. The air was soft and sweet. Sylvie felt as if she were a part of the gray shadows and the silver leaves that moved in the evening breeze.
The cow finished drinking, and as the nine year old child hurried through the forest, suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away.
“Hello, little girl.” a young man with a gun called out. “How far is it to the main road ” Sylvie was trembling as she pronounced “two miles”.
“I’ve been hunting for birds,” he explained. “I shoot them and keep them with special chemicals. I have over 100 different kinds of birds from all over the United States in my study at home.” Sylvie was relieved but silent.
“I saw a white heron not far from here two days ago. I’ve been looking for it ever since. It’s a very rare bird, the little white heron. Have you seen it, too ” he asked. Sylvie was sill silent.
“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is,” he encouraged Sylvie.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sylvie’s mind was immediately full of all the wonderful things she and her parents could buy for ten dollars.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The young man went away disappointed later that day.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年度(下)周口恒大中学高二开学考试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟;满分：120分
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Four Largest Zoos
A zoo, also known as a zoological park or zoological garden, is a place where animals are displayed in a secured (safe) way to the public. In this article, we want you to know about the four largest zoos in the world as of 2021.
London Zoo, England
The London Zoo was established in the year 1828 for scientific study only. Later, it was open to the general public in the year 1847. This zoo works hard to protect endangered animals, such as the Sumatran tiger. The London Zoo is open every day of the year except for Christmas Day.
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, the United States
The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium is home to around 7,000 animals of more than 800 species. The non-profit zoological park was opened in 1927. It is open every day except for Thanksgiving and Christmas Day.
Beijing Zoo, China
The Beijing Zoo covers a total surface area of 890,000 square meters. The traditionally-built zoological park is an attraction for millions of tourists. It is home to popular animal species such as giant pandas, South China tigers, and so on. The Beijing Zoo is open every day of the year.
Berlin Zoological Garden, Germany
The huge variety of animal species makes Berlin Zoological Garden one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world. Regular animal feeding is one of its most popular attractions. Globally known animals like Knut, the polar bear, and Meng Meng — a giant panda, have contributed to the zoo’s public image. The zoo is open every day of the year, except for Christmas Day.
1. What can we know about London Zoo
A. It is a non-profit zoo. B. It was built in a traditional way.
C. It used to be a base for animal research. D. It holds animal feeding activities regularly.
2. Which zoo can we go to on December 25th
A. London Zoo. B. Beijing Zoo.
C. Berlin Zoological Garden. D. Columbus Zoo and Aquarium.
3. What makes Berlin Zoological Garden a popular tourist attraction
A. Its long business hours. B. Its wide variety of animals.
C. Its beautiful natural scenery. D. Its world-famous polar bears.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上最大的四个动物园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据London Zoo, England中“The London Zoo was established in the year 1828 for scientific study only. (伦敦动物园成立于1828年，仅用于科学研究)”可知，伦敦动物园曾经是动物研究的基地。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beijing Zoo, China中“The Beijing Zoo is open every day of the year. (北京动物园一年到头每天都开放)”可知，北京动物园全年开放，而其他几个动物园都有除了圣诞节这一天。由此可知，在12月25日，我们可以去北京动物园。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Berlin Zoological Garden, Germany中“The huge variety of animal species makes Berlin Zoological Garden one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world. (种类繁多的动物使柏林动物园成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游景点之一)”可知，使柏林动物园成为一个受欢迎的旅游景点是因为那里有各种各样的动物。故选B。
B
The health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.
Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above in England and Scotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.
After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besides the named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket(球拍)sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.
In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.
Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables (变量) that were not taken into account.
Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.
4. How is the study conducted
A. By doing comparative experiments.
B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By evaluating survey information.
D. By tracking participants for a long time.
5. What does the underlined part “the named sports’” refer to
A. Water sports. B. Racket sports.
C. Individual sports. D. Traditional sports.
6. What can we infer from Paragraph 5
A. Few people will play football.
B. Tennis will become more popular.
C. The result of this study is wrong.
D. The study could be further improved.
7. What does the author advise people to do
A. Stick to any sport that you like.
B. Play badminton and tennis only.
C. Stop running and playing football.
D. Do any sport according to guidelines.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项新的研究发现，经常参加体育运动，尤其是羽毛球或网球，不仅健康，而且可以降低任何年龄的死亡风险。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above in England and Scotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.(该研究评估了英格兰和苏格兰80306名30岁及以上的成年人的回答，调查了他们的健康、生活方式和锻炼模式。)”可知，该研究评估了80, 306位30岁及以上的成年人的调查回应，由此可推断，这个研究是通过评估调查问卷来进行的。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket(球拍)sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.(研究人员比较了参加体育运动和不参加体育运动的人的死亡风险。研究发现，球拍运动降低死亡风险的比例为47%，游泳为28%，骑自行车为15%。)”可知，研究中比较了从事体育运动和不从事体育运动的死亡风险发现，从事球拍运动降低死亡风险的比例最大，结合第二段中的“Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%.(现在，一项新的研究表明，经常参加体育运动，尤其是羽毛球或网球，不仅有益于健康，而且在任何年龄都能将死亡风险降低约50%。)”可知，打羽毛球和网球对减少死亡率的巨大作用，由此可知，the named sports指的就是羽毛球和网球。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables (变量) that were not taken into account.(跑步和足球明显缺乏益处可能是由于几个没有考虑到的变量造成的。)”可知，研究中没有发现跑步和足球运动的好处，可能是几个变量没有考虑造成的，由此可以推断，这项研究有不足之处，需要进一步完善。故选D项.
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.(积极运动能让你更快乐，活得更久。所以，最重要的一步是参加任何一种你可能喜欢并长期坚持的运动。)”可知，积极运动可以帮助我们快乐和长寿，所以，人们应该参加自己喜欢的运动项目，并长期坚持，由此可知，作者建议坚持做任何你喜欢的运动。故选A项。
C
It is not always easy to understand animal behavior, especially when it’s related to other species (物种). For decades, researchers have observed orca (虎鲸) attacking and even killing porpoises (鼠海豚) in the Pacific Northwest. But it confuses people that these expert hunters don’t eat them. So what’s going on here
Southern Resident orcas are a different population of orcas that live in the Pacific Northwest. The lives of these orcas are closely tied to those of the salmon (鲑鱼). So if the salmon disappear, so too will the orca. But despite their preference for salmon, these whales are known to attack and kill other smaller marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物)without eating them.
To better understand this unusual behavior, an international team of researchers did a research and examined more than 60 years of recorded interactions between Southern Resident orcas and porpoises in the Salish Sea.
“Why don’t the Southern Residents just eat porpoises instead ” Deborah Giles of Wild Orca said. “It’s because fish-eating killer whales have a completely different ecology and culture from orcas that eat marine mammals. So we must conclude that their interactions with porpoises serve a different purpose, but this purpose has only been a guess until now.”
According to Giles and her colleagues’ work, the orca may be attacking the porpoise as a form of social play. It is possible these large animals may be attacking the smaller mammals as a way to build up social cohesion (凝聚力). Similarly, the behavior could represent hunting practice, by which the orcas are practising their teamwork and cooperation skills for hunting salmon. Finally, the behavior could be a way of “mismothering” where the orca see the smaller porpoises as weaker or ill and so in need of care.
This work highlights the need for the protection of salmon populations in the area as well as the orcas’ entire hunting range. The threat (威胁) to the salmon’s future is not just a threat to a single species, but an entire ecosystem.
8. Why did an international team of researchers do their study
A. To find out a way to protect porpoises.
B. To make sure the reason why some orcas attack salmons.
C. To solve the problem of marine mammals’ living environment.
D. To better understand the strange behavior of Southern Resident orcas.
9. What are Southern Resident orcas’ favorite food
A. Porpoises B. Marine mammals. C. Salmons. D. Whales.
10. According to Giles’ research, which maybe a reason for the orcas’ attacking porpoises
A. It’s a kind of social play with porpoises.
B. It is a practice to kill porpoises as their food.
C. The orcas may dislike the smaller porpoises.
D. It’s a way for the orcas to practice their hunting skills.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude to the research
A. Positive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。几十年来，研究人员观察到逆戟鲸攻击甚至杀死太平洋西北部的鼠海豚。文章主要介绍了关于逆戟鲸攻击甚至杀死太平洋西北部的鼠海豚的现象的研究以及对这一现象背后的原因进行了说明。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“For decades, researchers have observed orca (虎鲸) attacking and even killing porpoises (鼠海豚) in the Pacific Northwest. But it confuses people that these expert hunters don’t eat them. So what’s going on here (几十年来，研究人员观察到逆戟鲸攻击甚至杀死太平洋西北部的鼠海豚。但让人们困惑的是，这些专业的猎人不吃它们。这是怎么回事？)”以及第三段“To better understand this unusual behavior, an international team of researchers did a research and examined more than 60 years of recorded interactions between Southern Resident orcas and porpoises in the Salish Sea.(为了更好地理解这种不寻常的行为，一个国际研究小组做了一项研究，并检查了60多年来萨利希海南部虎鲸和鼠海豚之间的互动记录)”可知，这个国际研究小组要进行研究，是为了更好地了解逆戟鲸的奇怪行为。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But despite their preference for salmon, these whales are known to attack and kill other smaller marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物)without eating them.(尽管它们喜欢吃鲑鱼，但众所周知，这些鲸鱼会攻击并杀死其他较小的海洋哺乳动物，而不吃它们)”可知，逆戟鲸喜欢吃鲑鱼。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Similarly, the behavior could represent hunting practice, by which the orcas are practising their teamwork and cooperation skills for hunting salmon.(同样，这种行为可以代表狩猎练习，通过这种练习，逆戟鲸正在练习他们的团队合作技能，以捕猎鲑鱼)”可知，根据吉尔的研究，虎鲸攻击海豚的原因可能是因为这是虎鲸练习狩猎技能的一种方式。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This work highlights the need for the protection of salmon populations in the area as well as the orcas’ entire hunting range. The threat (威胁) to the salmon’s future is not just a threat to a single species, but an entire ecosystem.(这项工作强调了保护该地区鲑鱼种群以及逆戟鲸整个狩猎范围的必要性。对鲑鱼未来的威胁不仅仅是对单个物种的威胁，而是对整个生态系统的威胁)”可推知，作者认为这项研究很重要，即持积极态度。故选A。
D
A few days ago, the Brooklyn Nets basketball player Ben Simmons donated a basketball court to Machang township in Southwest China’s Guizhou Province during a ceremony. Simmons has visited China several times since he was young. He has been deeply touched by the Chinese people’s warmth and friendly feelings toward him and their enthusiasm for the basketball.
Impressed by the news that basketball competitions had been held in Guizhou at a village with their own “Village Basketball Association(VBA)”, Simmons decided to donate a basketball court to the village during the Chinese New Year Basketball Competition in January. After conducting a survey, he set up the basketball court in Machang township in Gui’an New Area in the hope that it would create more opportunities for young fans to play basketball.
In the mountainous village of Machang, there are no huge electronic screens or advertisements at basketball games, but they can still be thrilling thanks to local players’ love for the sport. These players later became a hit in China and even went global. A recent final competition attracted 30,000 viewers on site and more than 1 billion viewers online.
Comparatively, the NBA boasts the best players in the world, top-class basketball gyms and professionally made commercials, so its exciting games draw fans around the world. NBA and the “VBA”are thousands of miles apart, but their games are equally striking, fueling thousands of fans’ enthusiasm. Both focus on a common interest of basketball fans in the U. S. and China and their shared pursuit of sports and a better life.
Although Machang township lacks modern sports facilities, the local people’s love for basketball remains strong. So Simmons’ donation will surely help improve the village’s situation to a certain extent, but more importantly, it will bring people separated by the Pacfe Ocean closer through this sport.
12. Why did Simmons donate a basketball court to Machang township
A. To attract global attention to the village.
B. To participate in more local competitions.
C. To show his passion for local people’s lifestyle.
D. To encourage more young people to play basketball.
13. What makes the local basketball games exciting
A. Players’ professional skill. B. The large number of viewers.
C. Players’ passion for basketball. D. Powerful promotion of the games.
14. How is paragraph 4 developed
A By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By providing comments. D. By drawing conclusions.
15. What is the suitable title for the text
A. China’s “VBA” Becomes a Hit
B. NBA Player Does Charity in Chinese Village
C. Village Players Compete in International Competitions
D. Shared Love of Basketball Links NBA and China’s“VBA”
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述美国篮球运动员Ben Simmons向中国西南部贵州省马场镇捐赠了一个篮球场，通过对篮球这项运动的热爱将大洋两岸的人们联系起来。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After conducting a survey, he set up the basketball court in Machang township in Gui’an New Area in the hope that it would create more opportunities for young fans to play basketball.( 经过一番调查，他在贵安新区马厂镇设立了篮球场，希望能为年轻球迷创造更多的打球机会)”可知，Simmons在村里建篮球场是为了鼓励更多年轻人打篮球。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In the mountainous village of Machang, there are no huge electronic screens or advertisements at basketball games, but they can still be thrilling thanks to local players’ love for the sport.( 在山村马厂，篮球赛场上没有巨大的电子屏幕，也没有广告，但由于当地球员对这项运动的热爱，篮球比赛仍然令人兴奋)”可知，比赛令人兴奋的原因是球员对篮球的热爱。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Comparatively, the NBA boasts the best players in the world, top-class basketball gyms and professionally made commercials, so its exciting games draw fans around the world. NBA and the “VBA”are thousands of miles apart, but their games are equally striking, fueling thousands of fans’ enthusiasm. Both focus on a common interest of basketball fans in the U. S. and China and their shared pursuit of sports and a better life.(相比之下，NBA拥有世界上最好的球员，一流的篮球馆和专业制作的广告，因此其激动人心的比赛吸引了世界各地的球迷。NBA和“VBA”相隔千里，但他们的比赛同样引人注目，激发了成千上万球迷的热情。两者都关注中美两国篮球迷的共同兴趣，以及他们对体育和美好生活的共同追求)”可推知，本段是通过对比的写作方式来展开的。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A few days ago, the Brooklyn Nets basketball player Ben Simmons donated a basketball court to Machang township in Southwest China’s Guizhou Province during a ceremony. Simmons has visited China several times since he was young. He has been deeply touched by the Chinese people’s warmth and friendly feelings toward him and their enthusiasm for the basketball.(几天前，布鲁克林篮网队球员本·西蒙斯在一个仪式上向中国西南部贵州省马场镇捐赠了一个篮球场。西蒙斯从小就去过中国几次。中国人民对他的热情友好和对篮球运动的热情深深打动了他)”结合文章主要讲述美国篮球运动员Ben Simmons向中国西南部贵州省马场镇捐赠了一个篮球场，通过对篮球这项运动的热爱将大洋两岸的人们联系起来。故D项“篮球共享之爱：NBA与中国‘VBA’”适合做标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An eco-friendly lunch bag is great because it is a game-changer. ___16___ It is so convenient that, after buying one, you’ll wonder how you ever survived the workday without a handy supply of food stored under your desk.
Why do I focus on lunch bags Because it's so beneficial both personally and environmentally. Here is a list of my reasons:
___17___ Depending on where you live, you could save $1,000-$3,000 per year. I had a personal financial crisis a few years ago and I was floored by how much money I saved just by packing a lunch every day.
Buying lunch in single-use items is wasteful. If you buy a small meal and a drink, you could go through many single-use items and a pile of napkins with each meal. ___18___
Now such lunch bags have been invented by rü. This company, whose name is short for “re-use”, is based in Vancouver, British Columbia. ___19___ And post-consumer plastic waste can be made full use of. Just as impressive as the recycled material is the fact that rü bags are machine washable. Moreover, the bags are lovely to look at and come in a wide range of colors and patterns.
The bags also have an impressive 3-gallon capacity. The roll-down top means they can be easily adjusted for size. ___20___ Combined with some lightweight sandwich bags, everything can be put in a briefcase or clipped onto a purse at the end of the day.
A. When empty, it can be rolled up easily.
B. So you can buy one that adjusts to your bag.
C. Everyone wants to own a beautiful lunch bag.
D. Bringing lunch to work saves so much money.
E. It creates beautiful lunch bags from recycled material.
F. It saves money, boosts nutrition, reduces plastic waste.
G. Packing lunch saves thousands of single-use products every year.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保午餐袋的好处以及一家公司生产的环保午餐袋的特点。
【16题详解】
上文“An eco-friendly lunch bag is great because it is a game-changer.”(环保午餐袋很棒，因为它是游戏规则改变者。)提到了，好的午餐袋是规则改变者， F选项“It saves money, boosts nutrition, reduces plastic waste.”(用午餐袋自带午餐能省钱，增进你的营养，还能减少塑料垃圾)解释了它如何改变规则，且其中的“It”代指上文的“An eco-friendly lunch bag”，F项符合上下文连贯，故选F。
17题详解】
下文“Depending on where you live, you could save $1,000—$3,000 per year.”(根据您居住的地方，您每年可以节省 1,000 至 3,000 美元。) 提及了，自己带午餐可以省钱的具体数额。D项“Bringing lunch to work saves so much money.”(自带午餐上班可以省很多钱。)中的“saves so much money”与下文“you could save $1,000—$3,000 per year”相呼应，符合上下文连贯，故选D项。
【18题详解】
上文“Buying lunch in single-use items is wasteful. If you buy a small meal and a drink, you could go through many single-use items and a pile of napkins with each meal.”(用一次性用具购买午餐是很浪费的。如果你买了一小顿饭和一杯饮料，你可能会在每顿饭中使用许多一次性物品和一堆餐巾纸。)可知，本段大意为“每天用一次性用具购买午餐会造成浪费，因为会用掉很多一次性物品”。G选项“Packing lunch saves thousands of single-use products every year.”(打包午餐每年可节省数千件一次性产品。)承接上文，提出解决这一问题的办法，符合上下文连贯，故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“Now such lunch bags have been invented by rü. This company, whose name is short for “re-use”, is based in Vancouver, British Columbia.”(现在这样的午餐袋已经由rü发明了。这家公司的名字是“再利用”的缩写，总部位于不列颠哥伦比亚省的温哥华。)介绍了发明午餐袋的公司rü。E项“It creates beautiful lunch bags from recycled material.”(它使用回收材料制作精美的午餐袋。)进一步说明该公司制作午餐袋的材料，其中“It”代指上文的“rü”，符合上下文连贯，故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“The roll-down top means they can be easily adjusted for size.”(可滚动的顶部意味着它们可以轻松调整尺寸。)提到了这款午餐袋是可以调整大小的。A选项“When empty, it can be rolled up easily.”(空的时候，很容易卷起来。)进一步说明如何调整大小，符合上下文连贯，故选A项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One year ago, I paid no attention to English idioms, though my teacher told me about them again and again. But soon, the ____21____ of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience.
One day, I ____22____ to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the ____23____ seemed to be surprised.
Gently shaking his ____24____, shrugging（耸）his shoulders, he said, “You don’t say!” I was ____25____. I thought perhaps this was not an proper ____26____. I had better change it. So I said to him, “Have you ever been to the Great Wall ” “Certainly, everyone back home will ____27____ me if I leave China without seeing it. It was amazing.” I continued, “The Great Wall is one of the ____28____ in the world. We are very proud of it.” But soon “You don’t say!” came to my ears again. I couldn’t ____29____ asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it ” “Well, I didn’t ask you to do so,” he answered, _____30_____ surprised. I said, “Didn’t you say! ‘You don’t say!’ ” _____31_____ this, the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to _____32_____, “‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’! It is a/ an _____33_____ of surprise. Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a _____34_____ of myself. Since then I have been more _____35_____ with idiomatic expressions.
21. A. effect B. importance C. difference D. source
22. A. seemed B. expected C. wanted D. happened
23. A. foreigner B. teacher C. student D. partner
24. A. hand B. arm C. head D. body
25. A. worried B. uneasy C. curious D. confused
26. A. topic B. style C. opinion D. image
27. A. depend on B. ran after C. laugh at D. refer to
28. A. facts B. wonders C. places D. scenes
29. A. believe B. hope C. doubt D. help
30. A. greatly B. clearly C. hardly D. nearly
31. A. Finding B. Feeling C. Hearing D. Noticing
32. A. request B. explain C. complain D. determine
33. A. example B. expression C. factor D. description
34. A. sense B. sign C. mess D. fool
35 A. satisfied B. anxious C. careful D. limited
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在一次与外国友人的交流中，没有注意到习语的重要性，出了洋相。由此作者注意到学习英语过程中，应该注重英语俗语的表达。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，英语习语的重要性就在一次有趣的经历中显现出来。A. effect作用；B. importance重要性；C. difference区别；D. source来源。根据最后一段“Only then did I know I had made a ____14____ of myself. Since then I have been more____15____ with idiomatic”可知，作者在一次与外国人交流的过程中出了洋相，是因为作者没有注意英语俗语的重要性。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在路上碰巧遇到一个英国人，不久我们就聊了起来。A. seemed似乎；B. expected期待；C. wanted想要；D. happened碰巧。根据后文“on the road”和“and soon we began to talk”可知，作者在路上碰巧遇到了一名英国人。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我谈论我是如何学习英语时，这位外国人似乎很惊讶。A. foreigner外国人；B. teacher教师；C. student学生；D. partner伙伴。根据前文“One day, I ____2____ to meet an Englishman on the road”可知，作者是与外国人交谈，故外国人感觉很惊讶。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他轻轻地摇了摇头，耸了耸肩膀，说:“你说得对!”A. hand手；B. arm胳膊；C. head头；D. body身体。根据前文“shaking”可知，此处表示外国人摇头。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到很困惑。A. worried担心的；B. uneasy不舒服的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据前文“Gently shaking his ____4____ , shrugging（耸）his shoulders”可知，作者和外国人探讨学习英语的主题，但是外国人摇了摇头，耸了耸肩膀，该反应让作者感觉到很困惑。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想也许这不是一个合适的话题。A. topic主题；B. style风格；C. opinion观点；D. image图片。根据前文“As I was talking about how I was studying English, the ____3____ seemed to be surprised.”和下文“I had better change it. So I said to him, “Have you ever been to the Great Wall ””可知，作者认为自己选择的谈话主题不合适，决定换了一个话题。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，如果我不去看一看它就离开中国，家里的人会笑话我的。太神奇了。A. depend on依靠；B. ran after追逐；C. laugh at嘲笑；D. refer to提及。根据后文“if I leave China without seeing it.”可知，如果外国人来中国没去长城，则会被家里人笑话。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是世界上的奇迹之一。我们为此感到非常自豪。A. facts事实；B. wonders奇迹；C. places地方；D. scenes场景。根据前文“The Great Wall”可知，长城是世界上的奇迹之一。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住问。A. believe相信；B. hope希望；C. doubt怀疑；D. help帮助。根据前文“But soon “You don’t say!” came to my ears again.”和下文“Why do you ask me not to talk about it ”可知，作者对于外国友人一直说“You don't say！”感觉到很好奇，故禁不住地问。couldn't help doing sth.“禁不住做某事”。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，我没有让你这么做，”他非常惊讶地回答。A. greatly极大地；B. clearly清楚地；C. hardly几乎不；D. nearly将近。根据前文““Why do you ask me not to talk about it ””和“ “Well, I didn’t ask you to do so,” he answered,”可知，作者问外国人为什么不让自己谈论这个话题，外国人非常惊讶地回答他没有不让作者说这个话题。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了这话，英国人笑哭了。A. Finding找到；B. Feeling感觉；C. Hearing听到；D. Noticing注意到。根据后文“the Englishman laughed to tears.”和“‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’”可知，英国人听了作者的话，笑哭了。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始解释:“你不会这么说吧！的意思是“确实”！这是表示惊讶的表达。也许你不注意英语成语。”A. request要求；B. explain解释；C. complain抱怨；D. determine决定。根据后文““‘You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’! It is a/ an ____13____of surprise.”可知，英国人给作者解释理由。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. example例子；B. expression表达；C. factor因素；D. description描述。根据前文“You don’t say!”可知，这是英语的俗语表达。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我才知道我出洋相了。A. sense感觉；B. sign标记；C. mess脏，乱；D. fool愚蠢。根据前文“You don’t say!’ actually means ‘Really’! It is a/ an ____13____ of surprise. Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.”可知，作者不知道英语俗语的真正含义，出了洋相，make fool of oneself“愚弄自己”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我对习惯用语更加小心了。A. satisfied感到满意的；B. anxious焦急的；C. careful小心的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“Only then did I know I had made a ____14____ of myself.”可知，作者在知道自己出洋相后，在之后对英语俗语更加小心了。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分;满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
After orbiting Earth for six months, the three crew members of China’s Shenzhou XIII mission departed from the Tiangong space station. They ___36___ (breath) fresh air for the first time as ground recovery personnel opened the hatch of their capsule at 10:03 am and carried them out one by one.
“I am feeling very good. We want to report to the motherland and the people that we have ___37___ (success) completed the Shenzhou XIII mission.” Zhai, told China Central Television. Wang, the first female Chinese spacewalker told the State broadcaster that she wanted to tell her little daughter that “mom has returned after reaching ___38___ the stars”.
The crew has set a new record for China’s longest spaceflight, almost doubling ___39___ previous record of 92 days ___40___ (create) by their peers in the Shenzhou XII mission.
The crew members also carried out two science lectures for Chinese students. In those lectures, ___41___ were livestreamed worldwide by China Media Group, the astronauts showed viewers ___42___ they lived and worked inside the gigantic space station and showed physical phenomena only possible in microgravity (微重力). In one experiment, Wang used a Bing Dwen Dwen toy to display how objects flew in a ___43___ (weight) environment.
The Shenzhou XIII’s space-based lessons marked the start of the Tiangong Class series, which aims ___44___ (inspire) youngsters to pursue their “science and space dreams”. That lecture made China the second country, ____45____ (follow) the United States, to have delivered a lesson to schoolchildren from space.
【答案】36. breathed
37. successfully
38. for 39. the
40. created
41. which 42. how
43. weightless
44. to inspire
45. following
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。在绕地球运行六个月后，中国神舟十三号任务的三名机组人员从天宫空间站返回地球，机组人员创造了中国最长太空飞行的新纪录，此行使得中国成为继美国之后第二个从太空向学校学生授课的国家。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：上午10点03分，地面救援人员打开太空舱舱门，将他们一个接一个地抬出，这是他们第一次呼吸到新鲜空气。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，因句子表示的是一个发生在过去的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填breathed。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们要向祖国和人民报告，我们圆满完成了神舟十三号飞行任务。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做状语，使用副词，故填successfully。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：王是中国第一位女性太空行走者，她告诉国家广播公司，她想告诉她的小女儿“妈妈在到达星星后回来了”。分析句子结构，reach for为固定句型，含义为“伸手够得着……”，符合语境，故填for。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：机组人员创造了中国最长太空飞行的新纪录，几乎是此前神舟十二号任务中同行创造的92天记录的两倍。分析句子结构，空白处后面的名词被介词短语of 92 days修饰，表示特指，名词前要使用定冠词，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做后置定语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语record之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填created。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在这些由中国传媒集团在全球范围内直播的讲座中，宇航员们向观众展示了他们在巨大空间站内的生活和工作方式，并展示了只有在微重力条件下才能出现的物理现象。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词为lectures，因空白处在定语从句中做主语表示物，使用which引导定语从句，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句，空白处在宾语从句中作状语表示方式，使用how连接宾语从句，故填how。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在一个实验中，王用一个冰墩玩具来展示物体是如何在失重环境中飞行的。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，根据上文“microgravity(微重力)”可知空白处应填表示“无重力的”含义的形容词，故填weightless。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟十三号的太空课程标志着天宫级系列的开始，该系列旨在激励年轻人追求他们的“科学和太空梦想”。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，应使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填to inspire。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那次演讲使中国成为继美国之后第二个在太空为学校的学生授课的国家。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填following。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1推荐拍摄内容；
2.陈述理由；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Hans,
I am very glad to hear that you are going to introduce high school students’ campus life with short videos.
I’d like you to recommend something to shoot. First of all, I recommend the video of students’ morning exercise to you. I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects their mental outlook of the day. Then there are videos of students in class. This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status. Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
Finally, I wish your program a success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校交换生Hans在策划“Approaching Chinese Students”栏目，用短视频介绍中学生校园生活，为此咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：推荐拍摄内容；陈述理由；表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→significant/vital
各种各样的：various → all kinds of/all sorts of
发现：discover→explore
影响：affect→ influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students. Extracurricular activities discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
拓展句：Last but not least, there are various extracurricular activities for students, which discover and develop students’ interests and hobbies.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is also the most critical period for students, which can show their learning status.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2】I think students’ morning exercise is very important, which affects the students’ mental outlook of the day.（运用了宾语从句和非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The forest was full of shadows as a little girl hurried through it one autumn evening. I was already 8 o'clock and Sylvie wondered if her parents would be angry with her for being so late.
Every evening Sylvie left at 5:30 to bring their cow home. The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass. Sylvie’s routine included bringing her home to be milked.
When the cow heard Sylvie’s voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes.
This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her home. The cow stopped at a small stream to drink. As Sylvie waited, she put her bare feet in the cold, fresh water of the stream.
She had never before been alone in the forest as late as this. The air was soft and sweet. Sylvie felt as if she were a part of the gray shadows and the silver leaves that moved in the evening breeze.
The cow finished drinking, and as the nine year old child hurried through the forest, suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away.
“Hello, little girl.” a young man with a gun called out. “How far is it to the main road ” Sylvie was trembling as she pronounced “two miles”.
“I’ve been hunting for birds,” he explained. “I shoot them and keep them with special chemicals. I have over 100 different kinds of birds from all over the United States in my study at home.” Sylvie was relieved but silent.
“I saw a white heron not far from here two days ago. I’ve been looking for it ever since. It’s a very rare bird, the little white heron. Have you seen it, too ” he asked. Sylvie was sill silent.
“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is,” he encouraged Sylvie.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sylvie’s mind was immediately full of all the wonderful things she and her parents could buy for ten dollars.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The young man went away disappointed later that day.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Sylvie’s mind was immediately full of all the wonderful things she and her parents could buy for ten dollars. She could buy a thick coat for her grandmother, a pair of gloves for her mother, a pipe for her father…Well, winter was approaching. Her shoes were a little small, holes exposing her toes. She needed a pair of new shoes. But she also remembered how the white heron came flying through the golden air and how they watched the sun rise together from the top of the world. Thinking of the wonderful moments, Sylvie could not speak. She held her breath, her heart beating wildly. She could not tell the heron’s secret and give its life away. “I have never seen a white heron!” She burst forth.
The young man went away disappointed later that day. Sylvie was a little sad. After all，he could offer her a good sum of money, which her family was badly in need of. But she knew her parents would not be happy if she accepted the money. They were used to being in harmony with everything here. Many evenings Sylvie heard the sound of his whistle as she came home with her cow. Soon the white heron’s beautiful songs and the cow made her forget the man and the 10 dollars.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小女孩西尔维在放牛回家的路上，遇到一个猎鸟的年轻人在找一只白鹭，他答应给小女孩10美元，如果她告诉他小白鹭的线索。西尔维的脑子里立刻充满了她和她父母用10美元就能买到的所有美好的东西。但最后她还是说她从来没见过白鹭。慢慢的，白鹭优美的歌声和母牛让她忘记了那个人和那10美元的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“西尔维的脑子里立刻充满了她和她父母用10美元就能买到的所有美好的东西。”可知，第一段可描写用10美元能买到的东西及最后西尔维如何做出决定。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚些时候，年轻人失望地离开了。”可知，第二段可描写西尔维为什么做出这样的决定，以及她的心理感受。
2.续写线索：放牛回家——遇到年轻人——提出10美元奖励——做出决定——感受。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①立刻：immediately /at once/right away
②.到来：approaching /coming
③.拒绝：shake his head/decline/refuse politely
情绪类
①.极好的：wonderful /amazing/fantastic
②.失望的：disappointed / despondent
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. After all，he could offer her a good sum of money, which her family was badly in need of. （应用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. But she knew her parents would not be happy if she accepted the money. （应用了if引导的条件状语从句）
