乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试
英语试题
(分数：150分，时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man buy for his father
A. A hat. B. A card. C. A shirt.
2. How will Tom know if the school is canceled
A. By asking his mother.
B. By watching the snow.
C. By checking the TV news.
3. Where was the man born
A. In America. B. In England. C. In Canada.
4. What does the man mean
A. Anna may not have time.
B. Anna is at her brother’s house.
C. Anna should invite him to dinner.
5. What does the man think of the music festival this year
A It’s too far away. B. It’s too expensive. C. It’s too crowded.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
6. How many fifties did Fred start with
A. Two. B. Five. C. Ten.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a bank. B. In a math class. C. In a grocery store.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. Who invited the woman to the party
A. Michael. B. Michael’s sister. C. Michael’s brother.
9. What is the man going to get for Michael
A. A new CD player. B. Some records. C. Several baseball cards.
10. Why can’t the woman decide what to get for Michael
A She forgets what he likes.
B. She only has a little money.
C. She doesn’t know him well.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What will Judy do this afternoon
A. Send Peter a brochure. B. Design some models. C. Attend a meeting.
12. Why does Peter make the phone call
A. To order some machines.
B. To ask for colored pictures.
C. To change the delivery time.
13. When will the speakers sign the agreement
A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. At noon tomorrow.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
14. Who is the woman
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s doctor. C. The man’s personal trainer.
15. What does the man want to do
A. Join a basketball team. B. Organize a sports team. C. Teach high school sports.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do first
A. Stop eating ice cream.
B. Have a medical examination.
C. Eat more fruit and vegetables.
17. Why does the woman suggest the man exercise more
A. To lose weight.
B. To prevent a heart attack.
C. To strengthen his muscles.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18. How did the old woman’s cookies become famous
A. She started a good cookie business.
B. She gave them to children for free.
C. She baked them in a special kitchen.
19. Why did the children help the old woman at first
A The old woman was too busy.
B. Their parents wanted them to do so.
C. They wanted to get some experience.
20. What did the children do when the old woman got sick
A. They cooked food for her.
B. They took turns looking after her.
C. They sold cookies to pay the doctor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.
Facebook advertising: Facebook provides the perfect advertising platform for authors because it allows targeting very specific categories of people. The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.
Amazon advertising: Amazon allows you to show ads about your book directly on other book pages and search result pages. Since their main US rollout in 2017, they’ve become the most effective advertising place for authors.
Bookbub advertising: Bookbub rolled out a self-serve ad platform in 2016, which they’ve greatly improved since. It’s a less competitive playing field than Facebook or Amazon, but it does have its features.
Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.
Other types of advertising include search advertising, Goodreads advertising, banner ads on websites, etc. These haven’t produced the same effective results for most authors yet, but they could be just as effective (or more) if you write in a certain field.
1. What is special about the Facebook advertising
A. It is easy for authors to access.
B. It aims at saving money for readers.
C. It allows adjusting investment by profit.
D. It includes different categories of information.
2. Which is suitable to promote your book with a discount
A. Facebook. B. Amazon. C. Bookbub. D. Freebooksy.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To get readers to buy more books.
B. To raise people’s reading awareness.
C. To offer authors advertising platforms.
D. To help publishers communicate with readers.
B
As far as we know batteries are playing an important role in our life. We couldn’t live without batteries. Why so Batteries provide power for anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri (MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density (密度)”, said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope (放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said, they are safe.
“People bear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor (半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure (晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor, Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
4. According to paragraph 1 and 2, we can learn that ________.
A. batteries can only power small sensors
B. the larger batteries are, the more power they can provide
C. Jae Kwon is working hard to improve chemical batteries
D. certain methods with high energy density can provide power abundantly
5. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 ________.
A. to introduce various energy sources
B. to describe a nuclear-powered system
C. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
D. to show chemical batteries are widely applied
6. Liquid semiconductor is used to ________.
A. get rid of the radioactive waste B. decline the damage to lattice structure
C. test the power of nuclear batteries D. decrease the size of nuclear batteries
7. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery ________.
A. could be extremely thin B. will soon replace the present ones has
C. uses a solid semiconductor D. passed the final test
C
In the annals of human history, few subjects have generated as much excitement, debate, and guess as artificial intelligence (AI). This revolutionary technology, which enables machines to perform tasks that once required human intelligence, has the potential to transform every part of our society, from healthcare and finance to transportation and entertainment.
At its heart, AI is all about data. Massive amounts of data are fed into algorithms that learn from this data, allowing them to make predictions, recognize patterns, and even make decisions. This “machine learning” is the driving force behind many of the AI applications we see today, from virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa to more advanced systems like IBM’s Watson, which can analyze vast amounts of information to assist doctors in diagnosing diseases.
The transformative potential of AI is undeniable. In the medical field, for instance, AI can assist in early detection of diseases, predict patient outcomes, and even suggest treatment options. In finance, algorithms can predict stock market trends, and provide personalized financial advice. In transportation, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems promise to reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transform urban landscapes.
However, with great potential comes great responsibility. The rise of AI has caused debates about is ethical implications (道德含义). The machines are only as good as the data they are fed, and there’s a growing concern about biases (偏见) being built into AI systems. For instance, facial recognition technologies, used in everything from unlocking phones to police monitoring cameras, have come under check for misidentifying individuals based on race or gender.
Moreover, the widespread adoption of AI could lead to significant job displacement. While new roles and industries might emerge as a result of AI, it is not sure that these will pay off the jobs lost. This could increase income inequalities and causes difficulties to social systems.
Another major concern is the “black box” nature of AI. Many AI systems operate in ways that even their creators don’t fully understand. This can be problematic, especially in critical applications like healthcare or criminal justice where understanding the logic behind a decision is important.
Then there’s the potential for AI to be weaponized. In the hands of evil actors AI could be used to spread misinformation, control public opinion, or even engage in internet warfare. The global community must come together to set standards and regulations to prevent such misuse.
On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right frameworks and investing in education and retraining, we can use the power of AI for the greater good. By fostering (促进) a culture of continuous learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) of technological advancements, society can benefit from the promise of AI while avoiding its potential dangers.
In conclusion, artificial intelligence stands as one of the most profound inventions of our time. While it offers vast opportunities, it also poses significant challenges that we, as a society, must welcome. As we stand at this technological crossroads, our choices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit or a harm for humanity.
8. Which of the following best describes the method by which machines acquire the capability to perform tasks that traditionally required human intelligence
A. By programming predefined rules.
B. Through user interactions every day.
C. By ingesting and processing vast amounts of data.
D. Via regular software updates from developers.
9. In the context of the article, how does the author primarily demonstrate the effect of artificial intelligence
A. By citing numerous statistical data.
B. By presenting both the positive potential and the challenges of AI.
C. Through personal experiences.
D. By focusing on the negative effects of AI.
10. Which of the following is the best title
A. The Rise of Virtual Assistants: Siri and Alexa
B. Understanding the Mechanisms Behind AI Algorithms
C. Artificial Intelligence: Charting the Course for Tomorrow’s Tech
D. Balancing the Potential and challenges of AI in Modern Society
11. What can we learn from the passage
A. AI has already replaced most human jobs and is the leading cause of unemployment.
B. The global community has taken measures to prevent AI misuse.
C. The operation of many AI systems is easily understood by their creators.
D. The solving to the dilemma brought by AI needs collective efforts of our society.
D
Frozen in time, a 125-million-year-old mammal attacking a dinosaur. A 39-million-year-old whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The oldest known jellyfish, from 505 million years ago. Paleontology (古生物学) produces newsworthy discoveries.
Fossils (化石), moreover, provide direct evidence for the long history of life, allowing paleontologists to test hypotheses (假设) about evolution with data only they provide. They allow investigation of present and past life on Earth. Flows of biological diversity, appearances of new life forms and the extinctions of long existing ones, would go undiscovered without these efforts. But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. From its beginnings, more than three billion years ago, to the present day, fossils record how life adapted or disappeared in the face of major environmental challenges.
Paleontologists provide us with a unique vantage on modern climate change. They play an essential role in interpreting ancient environments, in reconstructing ancient oceans, continents and climates. Fossils provide key limitation on the climate models that are essential for predicting future climate change. And the fossil record gives important insights into how life will respond to predicted future climate conditions, because these have occurred before in Earth’s history.
In addition, paleontology has provided a fundamental contribution to human thought: the reality of species extinction and thus of a world that has dramatically changed over time. In documenting the history of life, paleontologists recognized that many extinction episodes could occur suddenly, such as the event 66 million years ago that ended the dinosaurs. The search for the causes of past mass extinctions started pioneering studies from across the scientific spectrum (科学界), focusing on potential future threats to humanity.
Not only do paleontologists know what happens to life when things go bad, they also know how long it takes for ecosystems and biodiversity to recover from these disasters, which can take far longer than modern humans have existed.
Paleontologists thus provide a unique perspective on the nature and future long-term ecological impact of the current human-produced biodiversity crisis, the so-called Sixth Extinction, and therefore the importance of protecting modern biodiversity. The very concept of a Sixth Extinction would not exist without paleontologists documenting the first five.
Paleontologists know that understanding life’s past is critical to anticipating and adapting to life’s and humanity’s future. Paleontology is important because it brings its unique and critical perspective to current challenges in climate change, biodiversity loss and the environment. Paleontologists can predict the future because they know the past.
12. The first two paragraphs are written to _______.
A. describe an event B. raise a question
C. present an opinion D. make a comparison
13. What does the underlined word “vantage” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. A positive effect. B. A valuable suggestion.
C. A quick decision. D. A comprehensive view.
14. Which of the following would the author agree with
A. Ecological recovery takes shorter than imagined.
B. Past lessons can help to predict the future threats.
C. Paleontologists can handle the biodiversity crisis.
D. Fossil studies focus on the causes of mass extinctions.
15. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Paleontology: A Pioneering Study
B. Paleontology: A History Recorder
C. Paleontology Tells More About Nature Than Humans
D. Paleontology Is Far More Than New Fossil Discoveries
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Active listening is a communication skill that involves going beyond simply hearing the words that another person speaks but also seeking to understand the meaning and intention behind them. The word “active” implies that you are taking some type of action when listening to others.
____16____
Be fully present
Active listening requires being fully present in the conversation. It enables you to concentrate on what is being said. Being present involves listening with all your senses and giving your full attention to the speaker. To use this active listening technique effectively, put away your cell phone, ignore distractions, and shut down your internal dialogue. ____17____ And let everything else slip away.
Pay attention to non-verbal cues (非言语暗示)
As much as 65% of a person’s communication is unspoken, ____18____. This involves not folding your arms, smiling while listening, leaning in, and nodding at key points. It can also be helpful to pay attention to your facial expressions when active listening so that you don’t convey any type of negative response.
Keep good eye contact
When engaged in active listening, making eye contact is especially important. This tells the other person that you are present and listening to what he or she says. ____19____ At the same time, you don’t want to use so much eye contact that the conversation feels strange. To keep this from happening, follow the 50/70 rule. This involves maintaining eye contact for 50% to 70% of the time spent listening, holding the contact for four to five seconds before briefly looking away.
Be patient
Patience is an important active listening technique because it allows the other person to speak without interruption. Being patient involves not trying to fill periods of silence with your own thoughts or stories. This also requires listening to understand, not to respond. ____20____ Also, don’t change the subject too abruptly as this conveys boredom and impatience.
A. Don’t prepare a reply while listening.
B. It also shows that you aren’t distracted.
C. This isn’t helpful during active listening.
D. So use open, non-threatening body language.
E. Don’t focus too much on insignificant details.
F. Place your focus on your conversation partner.
G. This involves using certain strategies or techniques.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Even when you have confidence in yourself, your goals will sometimes seem out of reach. When that happens, get hold of the people who ____21____ you and your goals and don’t let go!
When I was younger, I ____22____ because life felt so hard. I had ____23____to become a teacher or a business administrator. I knew I needed a college degree, but I had ____24____ believing in myself. Then a teacher in my high school ____25____ me. He told me three things: First, if you don’t believe in yourself, it will be ____26____ to get anyone else to believe in you. Second, never let other people’s ____27____ to see your brilliance prevent you from being brilliant. And third, despite life’s ____28____, stick to creating the future you want.
Early in my ____29____, I was teaching a workshop when a person in the audience yelled out to me. He told me I had _____30_____ made a job choice and had a bright future. This _____31_____ feedback (反馈)came at just the right time, because while the audience didn’t know it, I was _____32_____ self-doubt.
Even now, I _____33_____ myself that I have a bright future. That’s what I tell myself when I _____34_____ success and failure. You have a bright future ahead. Think about this every single day. Remember your talents, skills, and interests. Explore the jobs that interest you, and have courage—and most _____35_____, believe in yourself.
21. A. refer to B. depend on C. learn from D. believe in
22. A. quit B. struggled C. regretted D. argued
23. A. responsibilities B. dreams C. opportunities D. doubts
24. A. stopped B. admitted C. allowed D. considered
25. A. tracked B. recommended C. accompanied D. encouraged
26. A. serious B. possible C. hard D. necessary
27. A. request B. unwillingness C. inability D. attempt
28. A. difficulties B. options C. aims D. standards
29. A. career B. experiment C. business D. recovery
30. A. foolishly B. simply C. wisely D. bravely
31. A. original B. familiar C. typical D. positive
32. A. looking into B. taking down C. dealing with D. pointing out
33. A. introduce B. remind C. guarantee D. warn
34. A. experience B. describe C. compare D. limit
35. A. probably B. fortunately C. obviously D. importantly
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个词)。
China’s Explosive Artist
Cai Guoqiang’s practice spans from, gunpowder drawings to ephemeral sculptures and monumental installations, all of ___36___ are rich with references to Chinese history, Taoist cosmology and current political events. Cai deals with the latter in a spectacular installation for I Want to Believe, his 2008 retrospective in New York, from the centre of the Guggenheim rotunda the artist—a ___37___ (train) set designer, by the way—suspended Inopportune: Stage One (2004), consisting of a series of nine cars ___38___ (hover) in mid air to represent in cinematic progression the effect of a car bomb.
Since the 1980s, Cai has been working on drawings realized by ___39___ (ignite) explosive powder on large sheets of paper. These works possess an aura ___40___ evokes both the vivid gestures of abstract expressionism and the quieter surfaces of Chinese traditional painting. Gunpowder is also at the centre of a series of environmental works, begun in 1989, ___41___ combine the tradition of Land Art with ___42___ of Chinese fireworks. For his explosion events, Cai stages pyrotechnical choreographies that sketch temporary drawing space.
Cai’s ___43___ (participate) in many international events, imposes himself as one of the strongest in the sky. These events are also meant to act as social, festive collective experiences that the artist—not without irony—believes could be perceived even from outer artists to emerge from China. At the Venice Biennale 1999 he ___44___ (award) the Golden Lion far Venice’s Rent Collection Courtyard (1999), a series of unfired clay sculptures ____45____ organized the opening ceremony for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的好友 Simon对中国文化很感兴趣，委托你帮忙报名校国画俱乐部，但因人数已满报名不成功，请给他写一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1告知报名未成功；
2.推荐其他俱乐部。
3.期待
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Simon,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 读后续写
In my community, there is a little boy who suffered from congenital muscle disease. He always considered himself the most unfortunate person in the world. Although he looked no different from ordinary people, it’s difficult for him to do some delicate movements. He often lost control of his hands and dropped things on the ground. Even after a short run, he would easily get out of breath. Depression and inferiority made him almost always alone. All of these make his mother very worried.
Then one spring, the boy’s mother bought some saplings (树苗) from a nearby market. She intended to plant them in the forecourt. She told her children to plant a sapling each person. The mother said to her three children, “Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.” The boy also wanted to get his mother’s gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, an idea hit him: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never attended to it.
Several days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was surprised to find it grew some fresh leaves instead of withering (枯萎), and compared with the trees of his brother and sister, his appeared greener and more vital. He wondered what on earth had happened. As expected, his mother kept her promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him, “From the tree you plant, you will become an outstanding botanist (植物学家) when you grow up.”
Since then, the little boy slowly became optimistic. One day, the little boy lay on the bed but couldn’t sleep. Looking at the bright moonlight outside the window, he suddenly recalled what the bi ology teacher once said, plants generally grow at night.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why not go to the forecourt and take a look at my tree ” he said to himself.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From that night on, he understood what his mother meant and decided to change himself.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 CCBAB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 AACAA 16-20 BCBAC乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试
英语试题
(分数：150分，时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man buy for his father
A. A hat. B. A card. C. A shirt.
2. How will Tom know if the school is canceled
A. By asking his mother.
B. By watching the snow.
C. By checking the TV news.
3. Where was the man born
A. In America. B. In England. C. In Canada.
4. What does the man mean
A. Anna may not have time.
B. Anna is at her brother’s house.
C. Anna should invite him to dinner.
5. What does the man think of the music festival this year
A. It’s too far away. B. It’s too expensive. C. It’s too crowded.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
6. How many fifties did Fred start with
A. Two. B. Five. C. Ten.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a bank. B. In a math class. C. In a grocery store.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. Who invited the woman to the party
A. Michael. B. Michael’s sister. C. Michael’s brother.
9. What is the man going to get for Michael
A. A new CD player. B. Some records. C. Several baseball cards.
10. Why can’t the woman decide what to get for Michael
A. She forgets what he likes.
B. She only has a little money.
C. She doesn’t know him well.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What will Judy do this afternoon
A. Send Peter a brochure. B. Design some models. C. Attend a meeting.
12. Why does Peter make the phone call
A. To order some machines.
B. To ask for colored pictures.
C. To change the delivery time.
13. When will the speakers sign the agreement
A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. At noon tomorrow.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
14. Who is the woman
A The man’s wife. B. The man’s doctor. C. The man’s personal trainer.
15. What does the man want to do
A. Join a basketball team. B. Organize a sports team. C. Teach high school sports.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do first
A. Stop eating ice cream.
B. Have a medical examination.
C. Eat more fruit and vegetables.
17. Why does the woman suggest the man exercise more
A. To lose weight.
B. To prevent a heart attack.
C. To strengthen his muscles.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
18. How did the old woman’s cookies become famous
A. She started a good cookie business.
B. She gave them to children for free.
C. She baked them in a special kitchen.
19. Why did the children help the old woman at first
A. The old woman was too busy.
B. Their parents wanted them to do so.
C. They wanted to get some experience.
20. What did the children do when the old woman got sick
A. They cooked food for her.
B. They took turns looking after her.
C. They sold cookies to pay the doctor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.
Facebook advertising: Facebook provides the perfect advertising platform for authors because it allows targeting very specific categories of people. The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.
Amazon advertising: Amazon allows you to show ads about your book directly on other book pages and search result pages. Since their main US rollout in 2017, they’ve become the most effective advertising place for authors.
Bookbub advertising: Bookbub rolled out a self-serve ad platform in 2016, which they’ve greatly improved since. It’s a less competitive playing field than Facebook or Amazon, but it does have its features.
Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.
Other types of advertising include search advertising, Goodreads advertising, banner ads on websites, etc. These haven’t produced the same effective results for most authors yet, but they could be just as effective (or more) if you write in a certain field.
1. What is special about the Facebook advertising
A. It is easy for authors to access.
B. It aims at saving money for readers.
C. It allows adjusting investment by profit.
D. It includes different categories of information.
2. Which is suitable to promote your book with a discount
A. Facebook. B. Amazon. C. Bookbub. D. Freebooksy.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To get readers to buy more books.
B. To raise people’s reading awareness.
C. To offer authors advertising platforms.
D. To help publishers communicate with readers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在书籍推广中常用的几种广告形式，并详细描述了每种广告形式的特点和优势，以及如何使用它们来提高书籍的知名度和销售量。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.(另一个优点是它很容易测试。你可以从低至5美元的预算开始，如果你的投资回报是积极的，你可以逐渐增加你的资金投入。)”可知，Facebook的广告很容易测试，可以从低预算开始，如果回报很好，就可以增加资金投入。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.(折扣/促销广告：如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。)”可知，如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.(每天都有成千上万的书出版，图书广告在提高人们对这些书的认识方面起着至关重要的作用。但是，很容易被欺骗到糟糕的“广告机会”，并做出错误的决定。以下是几种行之有效的数字广告形式。)”可知，文章主要提供了一些有效的数字广告形式。故选C。
B
As far as we know batteries are playing an important role in our life. We couldn’t live without batteries. Why so Batteries provide power for anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri (MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density (密度)”, said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope (放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said, they are safe.
“People bear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor (半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure (晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor, Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
4. According to paragraph 1 and 2, we can learn that ________.
A. batteries can only power small sensors
B. the larger batteries are, the more power they can provide
C. Jae Kwon is working hard to improve chemical batteries
D. certain methods with high energy density can provide power abundantly
5. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4 ________.
A to introduce various energy sources
B. to describe a nuclear-powered system
C. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used
D. to show chemical batteries are widely applied
6. Liquid semiconductor is used to ________.
A. get rid of the radioactive waste B. decline the damage to lattice structure
C. test the power of nuclear batteries D. decrease the size of nuclear batteries
7. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery ________.
A. could be extremely thin B. will soon replace the present ones has
C. uses a solid semiconductor D. passed the final test
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Kwon和他的研究团队一直致力于建造一个小型核电池，并且解释了它的关键部件以及对核电池的安全推测和预测。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density (密度)”, said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope (放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.” (MU电子与计算机工程助理教授Jae Kwon说:“为了提供足够的能量，我们需要某些具有高能量密度的方法。”放射性同位素电池可以提供比化学电池高得多的功率密度。”)”可知，某些能量密度高的方法可以提供充足的能量。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said, they are safe. (Kwon说，虽然核能电池会引起担忧，但它们是安全的。)”和第四段中“However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems. (然而，核动力源已经安全地为各种设备提供动力，如起搏器、太空卫星和水下系统。)”可知， Kwon 在第四段举例子是为了说明核电池可安全使用。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段““The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure (晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor, Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”(“使用放射性电池的关键是，当你收集能量时，部分辐射能会破坏固体半导体的晶格结构，”Kwon说，“通过使用液体半导体，我们相信我们可以最大限度地减少这个问题。”)”可知，液态半导体是被用来减少对晶格结构的损害。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.(Kwon表示，电池可能比人的头发还薄。)”可知，他的核电池可能非常薄。故选A项。
C
In the annals of human history, few subjects have generated as much excitement, debate, and guess as artificial intelligence (AI). This revolutionary technology, which enables machines to perform tasks that once required human intelligence, has the potential to transform every part of our society, from healthcare and finance to transportation and entertainment.
At its heart, AI is all about data. Massive amounts of data are fed into algorithms that learn from this data, allowing them to make predictions, recognize patterns, and even make decisions. This “machine learning” is the driving force behind many of the AI applications we see today, from virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa to more advanced systems like IBM’s Watson, which can analyze vast amounts of information to assist doctors in diagnosing diseases.
The transformative potential of AI is undeniable. In the medical field, for instance, AI can assist in early detection of diseases, predict patient outcomes, and even suggest treatment options. In finance, algorithms can predict stock market trends, and provide personalized financial advice. In transportation, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems promise to reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transform urban landscapes.
However, with great potential comes great responsibility. The rise of AI has caused debates about is ethical implications (道德含义). The machines are only as good as the data they are fed, and there’s a growing concern about biases (偏见) being built into AI systems. For instance, facial recognition technologies, used in everything from unlocking phones to police monitoring cameras, have come under check for misidentifying individuals based on race or gender.
Moreover, the widespread adoption of AI could lead to significant job displacement. While new roles and industries might emerge as a result of AI, it is not sure that these will pay off the jobs lost. This could increase income inequalities and causes difficulties to social systems.
Another major concern is the “black box” nature of AI. Many AI systems operate in ways that even their creators don’t fully understand. This can be problematic, especially in critical applications like healthcare or criminal justice where understanding the logic behind a decision is important.
Then there’s the potential for AI to be weaponized. In the hands of evil actors, AI could be used to spread misinformation, control public opinion, or even engage in internet warfare. The global community must come together to set standards and regulations to prevent such misuse.
On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right frameworks and investing in education and retraining, we can use the power of AI for the greater good. By fostering (促进) a culture of continuous learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) of technological advancements, society can benefit from the promise of AI while avoiding its potential dangers.
In conclusion, artificial intelligence stands as one of the most profound inventions of our time. While it offers vast opportunities, it also poses significant challenges that we, as a society, must welcome. As we stand at this technological crossroads, our choices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit or a harm for humanity.
8. Which of the following best describes the method by which machines acquire the capability to perform tasks that traditionally required human intelligence
A. By programming predefined rules.
B. Through user interactions every day.
C. By ingesting and processing vast amounts of data.
D. Via regular software updates from developers.
9. In the context of the article, how does the author primarily demonstrate the effect of artificial intelligence
A. By citing numerous statistical data.
B. By presenting both the positive potential and the challenges of AI.
C. Through personal experiences.
D. By focusing on the negative effects of AI.
10. Which of the following is the best title
A. The Rise of Virtual Assistants: Siri and Alexa
B. Understanding the Mechanisms Behind AI Algorithms
C. Artificial Intelligence: Charting the Course for Tomorrow’s Tech
D. Balancing the Potential and challenges of AI in Modern Society
11. What can we learn from the passage
A. AI has already replaced most human jobs and is the leading cause of unemployment.
B. The global community has taken measures to prevent AI misuse.
C. The operation of many AI systems is easily understood by their creators.
D. The solving to the dilemma brought by AI needs collective efforts of our society.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人工智能的潜力和挑战。作者呼吁全球社区共同努力，通过制定标准和规定，投资教育和再培训，以确保AI的潜力得到最大限度的利用，同时避免潜在的危险。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At its heart, AI is all about data. Massive amounts of data are fed into algorithms that learn from this data, allowing them to make predictions, recognize patterns, and even make decisions.(人工智能的核心是数据。大量的数据被输入到算法中，从这些数据中学习，使它们能够做出预测，识别模式，甚至做出决策。)”可知，机器获得执行传统上需要人类智能的任务的能力的方法是通过摄取和处理大量数据。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The transformative potential of AI is undeniable. In the medical field, for instance, AI can assist in early detection of diseases, predict patient outcomes, and even suggest treatment options. In finance, algorithms can predict stock market trends, and provide personalized financial advice. In transportation, self-driving cars equipped with AI systems promise to reduce accidents, ease traffic jams, and transform urban landscapes.(人工智能的变革潜力是不可否认的。例如，在医疗领域，人工智能可以帮助早期发现疾病，预测患者的预后，甚至提出治疗方案。在金融领域，算法可以预测股票市场趋势，并提供个性化的理财建议。在交通方面，配备人工智能系统的自动驾驶汽车有望减少事故，缓解交通拥堵，并改变城市景观。)”、第四段“However, with great potential comes great responsibility. The rise of AI has caused debates about is ethical implications (道德含义).(然而，潜力越大，责任越大。人工智能的兴起引发了关于其道德含义的争论。)”、第五段“Moreover, the widespread adoption of AI could lead to significant job displacement.( 此外，人工智能的广泛应用可能会导致大量的工作岗位流失。)”以及第六段“Another major concern is the “black box” nature of AI.(另一个主要问题是人工智能的“黑匣子”性质。)”可推知，作者通过展示人工智能的积极潜力和挑战来论证人工智能的影响。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In conclusion, artificial intelligence stands as one of the most profound inventions of our time. While it offers vast opportunities, it also poses significant challenges that we, as a society, must welcome. As we stand at this technological crossroads, our choices will determine whether AI serves as a benefit or a harm for humanity.(总之，人工智能是我们这个时代最深刻的发明之一。虽然它提供了巨大的机会，但它也带来了我们作为一个社会必须欢迎的重大挑战。当我们站在这个技术的十字路口时，我们的选择将决定人工智能对人类是有益还是有害。)”可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能的潜力和挑战。作者呼吁全球社区共同努力，通过制定标准和规定，投资教育和再培训，以确保AI的潜力得到最大限度的利用，同时避免潜在的危险。由此可知，D项：Balancing the Potential and challenges of AI in Modern Society(平衡人工智能在现代社会中的潜力和挑战)是最好的标题。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“On the brighter side, many experts believe that by setting the right frameworks and investing in education and retraining, we can use the power of AI for the greater good. By fostering (促进) a culture of continuous learning and staying abreast (并排的，并肩的) of technological advancements, society can benefit from the promise of AI while avoiding its potential dangers.(从好的方面来看，许多专家认为，通过建立正确的框架，投资于教育和再培训，我们可以利用人工智能的力量为更大的利益服务。通过培养一种持续学习的文化和跟上技术进步的步伐，社会可以从人工智能的前景中受益，同时避免其潜在的危险。)”可知，解决人工智能带来的困境需要我们社会的共同努力。故选D。
D
Frozen in time, a 125-million-year-old mammal attacking a dinosaur. A 39-million-year-old whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The oldest known jellyfish, from 505 million years ago. Paleontology (古生物学) produces newsworthy discoveries.
Fossils (化石), moreover, provide direct evidence for the long history of life, allowing paleontologists to test hypotheses (假设) about evolution with data only they provide. They allow investigation of present and past life on Earth. Flows of biological diversity, appearances of new life forms and the extinctions of long existing ones, would go undiscovered without these efforts. But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. From its beginnings, more than three billion years ago, to the present day, fossils record how life adapted or disappeared in the face of major environmental challenges.
Paleontologists provide us with a unique vantage on modern climate change. They play an essential role in interpreting ancient environments, in reconstructing ancient oceans, continents and climates. Fossils provide key limitation on the climate models that are essential for predicting future climate change. And the fossil record gives important insights into how life will respond to predicted future climate conditions, because these have occurred before in Earth’s history.
In addition, paleontology has provided a fundamental contribution to human thought: the reality of species extinction and thus of a world that has dramatically changed over time. In documenting the history of life, paleontologists recognized that many extinction episodes could occur suddenly, such as the event 66 million years ago that ended the dinosaurs. The search for the causes of past mass extinctions started pioneering studies from across the scientific spectrum (科学界), focusing on potential future threats to humanity.
Not only do paleontologists know what happens to life when things go bad, they also know how long it takes for ecosystems and biodiversity to recover from these disasters, which can take far longer than modern humans have existed.
Paleontologists thus provide a unique perspective on the nature and future long-term ecological impact of the current human-produced biodiversity crisis, the so-called Sixth Extinction, and therefore the importance of protecting modern biodiversity. The very concept of a Sixth Extinction would not exist without paleontologists documenting the first five.
Paleontologists know that understanding life’s past is critical to anticipating and adapting to life’s and humanity’s future. Paleontology is important because it brings its unique and critical perspective to current challenges in climate change, biodiversity loss and the environment. Paleontologists can predict the future because they know the past.
12. The first two paragraphs are written to _______.
A. describe an event B. raise a question
C. present an opinion D. make a comparison
13. What does the underlined word “vantage” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. A positive effect. B. A valuable suggestion.
C A quick decision. D. A comprehensive view.
14. Which of the following would the author agree with
A. Ecological recovery takes shorter than imagined.
B. Past lessons can help to predict the future threats.
C. Paleontologists can handle the biodiversity crisis.
D. Fossil studies focus on the causes of mass extinctions.
15. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Paleontology: A Pioneering Study
B. Paleontology: A History Recorder
C. Paleontology Tells More About Nature Than Humans
D. Paleontology Is Far More Than New Fossil Discoveries
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了古生物学远不止是新的化石发现，通过化石上表征的过去，古生物学家抽丝剥茧得出过去经验，预测危险，为未来如何避免犯过去同样的错误提供明灯，强调了古生物学研究的真正意义何在。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。第一段“Frozen in time, a 125-million-year-old mammal attacking a dinosaur. A 39-million-year-old whale, the heaviest animal that ever lived. The oldest known jellyfish, from 505 million years ago. Paleontology (古生物学) produces newsworthy discoveries. (时间凝固，一只1.25亿年前的哺乳动物正在攻击一只恐龙。一头3900万年前的鲸鱼，是有史以来最重的动物。已知最古老的水母，来自5.05亿年前。古生物学产生了有新闻价值的发现)”讲述了古生物学产生了有新闻价值的古老化石发现，再结合第二段“Fossils (化石), moreover, provide direct evidence for the long history of life, allowing paleontologists to test hypotheses (假设) about evolution with data only they provide. (此外，化石为漫长的生命史提供了直接证据，使古生物学家能够用他们提供的数据来检验进化论的假设)”和“But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. (但是，关于令人兴奋的新化石的头条新闻大大低估了古生物学的真正重要性。它的真正意义在于这些发现如何照亮地球上生命的伟大历史)”可知，作者在前两段提出了一个观点——古生物学的意义不仅是化石发现，它的真正意义在于这些发现如何照亮地球上生命的伟大历史。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“Paleontologists provide us with a unique vantage on modern climate change. They play an essential role in interpreting ancient environments, in reconstructing ancient oceans, continents and climates. Fossils provide key limitation on the climate models that are essential for predicting future climate change. And the fossil record gives important insights into how life will respond to predicted future climate conditions, because these have occurred before in Earth’s history. (古生物学家为我们提供了一个了解现代气候变化的独特vantage。他们在解释古代环境、重建古代海洋、大陆和气候方面发挥着重要作用。化石对预测未来气候变化至关重要的气候模型提供了关键的限制。化石记录为生命将如何应对预测的未来气候条件提供了重要的见解，因为这些情况在地球历史上以前就发生过)”可知，古生物学家通过对化石进行研究，获得了重要的见解，使他们在解释古代环境、重建古代海洋、大陆和气候方面发挥着重要作用，所以他们能为人类了解现代气候变化提供独特全面的视角，划线词意为“A comprehensive view (全面的视角)”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“The search for the causes of past mass extinctions started pioneering studies from across the scientific spectrum (科学界), focusing on potential future threats to humanity. (寻找过去大规模灭绝的原因开始了跨科学领域的开创性研究，重点关注未来对人类的潜在威胁)”和最后一段中“Paleontologists know that understanding life’s past is critical to anticipating and adapting to life’s and humanity’s future. (古生物学家知道，了解生命的过去对于预测和适应生命和人类的未来至关重要)”可知，通过化石上表征的过去，古生物学家能得出过去的经验，预测危险，为未来如何避免犯过去同样的错误提供明灯。由此推知，作者同意“过去的经验教训有助于预测未来的威胁”。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段中“But the headlines over exciting new fossils greatly underestimate the true importance of paleontology. Its real significance lies in how such discoveries brighten the grand history of life on Earth. (但是，关于令人兴奋的新化石的头条新闻大大低估了古生物学的真正重要性。它的真正意义在于这些发现如何照亮地球上生命的伟大历史)”和其它段落可知，文章讲述了古生物学远不止是新的化石发现，通过化石上表征的过去，古生物学家抽丝剥茧得出过去经验，预测危险，为未来如何避免犯过去同样的错误提供明灯，强调了古生物学研究的真正意义何在，D项“古生物学远不止是新的化石发现”符合文意，可以作为小标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Active listening is a communication skill that involves going beyond simply hearing the words that another person speaks but also seeking to understand the meaning and intention behind them. The word “active” implies that you are taking some type of action when listening to others.
____16____
Be fully present
Active listening requires being fully present in the conversation. It enables you to concentrate on what is being said. Being present involves listening with all your senses and giving your full attention to the speaker. To use this active listening technique effectively, put away your cell phone, ignore distractions, and shut down your internal dialogue. ____17____ And let everything else slip away.
Pay attention to non-verbal cues (非言语暗示)
As much as 65% of a person’s communication is unspoken, ____18____. This involves not folding your arms, smiling while listening, leaning in, and nodding at key points. It can also be helpful to pay attention to your facial expressions when active listening so that you don’t convey any type of negative response.
Keep good eye contact
When engaged in active listening, making eye contact is especially important. This tells the other person that you are present and listening to what he or she says. ____19____ At the same time, you don’t want to use so much eye contact that the conversation feels strange. To keep this from happening, follow the 50/70 rule. This involves maintaining eye contact for 50% to 70% of the time spent listening, holding the contact for four to five seconds before briefly looking away.
Be patient
Patience is an important active listening technique because it allows the other person to speak without interruption. Being patient involves not trying to fill periods of silence with your own thoughts or stories. This also requires listening to understand, not to respond. ____20____ Also, don’t change the subject too abruptly as this conveys boredom and impatience.
A. Don’t prepare a reply while listening.
B. It also shows that you aren’t distracted.
C. This isn’t helpful during active listening.
D. So use open, non-threatening body language.
E. Don’t focus too much on insignificant details.
F. Place your focus on your conversation partner.
G. This involves using certain strategies or techniques.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是积极倾听，以及做到积极倾听的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“The word “active” implies that you are taking some type of action when listening to others.(“积极”这个词意味着你在倾听别人的时候正在采取某种行动)”提到了积极倾听，选项G中this是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以G选项“这涉及到使用某些策略或技巧。”能承接上文，且能总领下文小标题中提到的技巧。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“To use this active listening technique effectively, put away your cell phone, ignore distractions, and shut down your internal dialogue.(为了有效地使用这种积极倾听技巧，把你的手机收起来，忽略干扰，关闭你内心的对话)”提到了如何避免分散注意力，选项F中focus是关键词，与上文构成顺承关系，所以F选项“把你的注意力放在你的谈话对象身上。”符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“As much as 65% of a person’s communication is unspoken.(一个人多达65%的交流是无声的)”提到了无声的交流，选项D中body language是关键词，与上文的unspoken呼应，所以D选项“所以使用开放的，没有威胁的肢体语言。”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“When engaged in active listening, making eye contact is especially important. This tells the other person that you are present and listening to what he or she says.(在积极倾听时，眼神交流尤为重要。这告诉对方你在听他或她说什么)”提到了眼神交流的作用，B选项“这也表明你没有分心。”进一步说明了眼神交流的作用，和上文构成递进关系。故选B项。
【20题详解】
上文“This also requires listening to understand, not to respond.(这也需要倾听去理解，而不是回应)”提到了倾听时不要回应，A选项“不要在听的时候准备回答。”承接上文，与本段小标题呼应。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Even when you have confidence in yourself, your goals will sometimes seem out of reach. When that happens, get hold of the people who ____21____ you and your goals and don’t let go!
When I was younger, I ____22____ because life felt so hard. I had ____23____to become a teacher or a business administrator. I knew I needed a college degree, but I had ____24____ believing in myself. Then a teacher in my high school ____25____ me. He told me three things: First, if you don’t believe in yourself, it will be ____26____ to get anyone else to believe in you. Second, never let other people’s ____27____ to see your brilliance prevent you from being brilliant. And third, despite life’s ____28____, stick to creating the future you want.
Early in my ____29____, I was teaching a workshop when a person in the audience yelled out to me. He told me I had _____30_____ made a job choice and had a bright future. This _____31_____ feedback (反馈)came at just the right time, because while the audience didn’t know it, I was _____32_____ self-doubt.
Even now, I _____33_____ myself that I have a bright future. That’s what I tell myself when I _____34_____ success and failure. You have a bright future ahead. Think about this every single day. Remember your talents, skills, and interests. Explore the jobs that interest you, and have courage—and most _____35_____, believe in yourself.
21. A. refer to B. depend on C. learn from D. believe in
22. A. quit B. struggled C. regretted D. argued
23. A. responsibilities B. dreams C. opportunities D. doubts
24. A. stopped B. admitted C. allowed D. considered
25. A. tracked B. recommended C. accompanied D. encouraged
26. A. serious B. possible C. hard D. necessary
27. A. request B. unwillingness C. inability D. attempt
28. A. difficulties B. options C. aims D. standards
29. A. career B. experiment C. business D. recovery
30. A. foolishly B. simply C. wisely D. bravely
31. A. original B. familiar C. typical D. positive
32. A. looking into B. taking down C. dealing with D. pointing out
33. A. introduce B. remind C. guarantee D. warn
34. A. experience B. describe C. compare D. limit
35. A. probably B. fortunately C. obviously D. importantly
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。文章作者探讨了在追求事业时，要相信自己。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，抓住那些相信你和你的目标的人，不要放手!A. refer to指的是；B. depend on依靠；C. learn from从……学习；D. believe in相信。根据前文“Even when you have confidence in yourself, your goals will sometimes seem out of reach.(即使你对自己有信心，你的目标有时也会显得遥不可及。)”和下文“Then a teacher in my high school ____5____ me.”可知，即使相信自己，目标也达不到，因此要求助他人，抓住那些相信你的人求助。故选D
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我小的时候，我因为生活感觉很困难而挣扎。A. quit退出；B. struggled挣扎；C. regretted遗憾；D. argued争论。根据后文“because life felt so hard”可知，生活艰难，因此作者挣扎。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾梦想成为一名教师和企业管理者。A. responsibilities责任；B. dreams梦想；C. opportunities机会；D. doubts怀疑。根据后文“to become a teacher or a business administrator”可知，这是作者的梦想。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要一个大学学位，但我不再相信自己。A. stopped停止；B. admitted承认；C. allowed允许；D. considered考虑。根据前文“He told me three things: First, if you don’t believe in yourself”可知，作者不再相信自己。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我高中的一个老师鼓励我。A. tracked处理；B. recommended推荐；C. accompanied陪伴；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“He told me three things: First, if you don’t believe in yourself”可知，这位老师鼓励我。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一，如果你不相信自己，就很难让别人相信你。A. serious严肃；认真的；B. possible可能的；C. hard困难的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文“if you don’t believe in yourself”并结合常识可知，如果你不相信自己，也很难让别人相信你。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二，永远不要让别人看不到你的光彩阻止你光彩夺目。A. request请求；B. unwillingness勉强；C. inability无能；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“prevent you from being brilliant”可知，不要因为别人看不到你的优秀就阻止你优秀。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三，尽管生活困难，但要坚持不懈地创造你想要的未来。A. difficulties困难；B. options选择；C. aims目标；D. standards标准。根据前文“because life felt so hard”可知，此处说的是生活艰难。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我职业生涯的早期，我正在进行一个研讨会，当时观众中有一个人对我大喊大叫。A. career事业；B. experiment实验；C. business事业；D. recovery恢复。根据后文“I was teaching a workshop when a person in the audience yelled out to me”可知，这是作者事业早期发生的事情。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我做了明智的职业选择，有一个光明的未来。A. foolishly愚蠢地；B. simply简单地；C. wisely明智地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据后文“had a bright future”可知，作者有一个光明的未来，因此推断做出了明智的职业选择。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种积极的反馈来得正是时候，因为，虽然观众不知道，但我正在处理自我怀疑。A. original最初的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. typical典型的；D. positive积极的。根据前文“He told me I had ____10____ made a job choice and had a bright future.”可知，这是积极的职业反馈。故选D。
32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. looking into调查；B. taking down写下；C. dealing with处理；应对；D. pointing out指出。根据前文“This ____11____ feedback (反馈)came at just the right time”可知，作者感觉这种积极的反馈正是时候，因为作者正面临自我怀疑。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，我也会提醒自己，我有一个光明的未来。 A. introduce介绍；B. remind提醒；C. guarantee保证；D. warn警告。根据后文“That’s what I tell myself”可知，作者会提醒自己。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我在经历成功和失败时告诉自己的。A. experience体验；B. describe描述；C. compare比较；D. limit限制。根据后文“success and failure”可知，当作者经历成功和失败时，都会告诉自己有一个光明的未来。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：探索让你感兴趣的职业，有勇气——最重要的是，相信自己。A. probably很可能；B. fortunately幸运地；C. obviously明显地；D. importantly重要地。根据前文“Explore the jobs that interest you, and have courage”可知，在探索自己感兴趣的工作时，要有勇气，最重要的是，要相信自己。此处是对前文的总结。故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个词)。
China’s Explosive Artist
Cai Guoqiang’s practice spans from, gunpowder drawings to ephemeral sculptures and monumental installations, all of ___36___ are rich with references to Chinese history, Taoist cosmology and current political events. Cai deals with the latter in a spectacular installation for I Want to Believe, his 2008 retrospective in New York, from the centre of the Guggenheim rotunda the artist—a ___37___ (train) set designer, by the way—suspended Inopportune: Stage One (2004), consisting of a series of nine cars ___38___ (hover) in mid air to represent in cinematic progression the effect of a car bomb.
Since the 1980s, Cai has been working on drawings realized by ___39___ (ignite) explosive powder on large sheets of paper. These works possess an aura ___40___ evokes both the vivid gestures of abstract expressionism and the quieter surfaces of Chinese traditional painting. Gunpowder is also at the centre of a series of environmental works, begun in 1989, ___41___ combine the tradition of Land Art with ___42___ of Chinese fireworks. For his explosion events, Cai stages pyrotechnical choreographies that sketch temporary drawing space.
Cai’s ___43___ (participate) in many international events, imposes himself as one of the strongest in the sky. These events are also meant to act as social, festive collective experiences that the artist—not without irony—believes could be perceived even from outer artists to emerge from China. At the Venice Biennale 1999 he ___44___ (award) the Golden Lion far Venice’s Rent Collection Courtyard (1999), a series of unfired clay sculptures ____45____ organized the opening ceremony for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.
【答案】36. which
37. trained
38. hovering
39. igniting
40. which##that
41. which 42. that
43. participating
44. was awarded
45. and
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国爆炸艺术家——蔡国强。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：蔡国强的实践范围从火药绘画到短暂的雕塑和纪念性装置，所有这些都与中国历史，道教宇宙学和当前政治事件有着丰富的联系。逗号后引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为gunpowder drawings to ephemeral sculptures and monumental installations，指代事物，在介词之后，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：蔡2008年在纽约举办的回顾展《我想要相信》中，他在古根海姆圆形大厅的中央放置了一件壮观的装置作品——顺便说一句，这位艺术家是一位训练有素的布景设计师——《不适合：第一阶段》（2004），其中有九辆汽车在半空中盘旋，以电影的方式表现汽车炸弹的效果。此处为非谓语，动词train和后文名词set designer之间是被动和完成的关系，故用其过去分词作定语，意为“受过训练的”。表示故填trained。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语，动词hover和前文名词cars之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填hovering。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：自20世纪80年代以来，蔡一直致力于通过在大张的纸上点燃爆炸性粉末来实现绘画。介词by后应用动名词作宾语。故填igniting。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些作品具有一个光环，既有抽象表现主义的生动姿态，又有中国传统绘画的宁静表面。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为aura，指代事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：火药也是1989年开始的一系列环境作品的核心，这些作品将传统的土地艺术与中国烟花结合起来。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a series of environmental works，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：同上。根据句意可知，设空处指代前文不可数名词tradition，因为上文已经出现过，应用that指代。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：蔡参加了许多国际赛事，使他成为天下最强者之一。根据句意和前文名词所有格Cai’s可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故填participating。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在1999年威尼斯双年展上，他的一系列未烧制泥塑作品《威尼斯租集庭院》(1999)获得金狮奖，并组织了2008年北京奥运会开幕式。动词award和主语是被动关系，根据At the Venice Biennale 1999可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是he，be动词使用was。故填was awarded。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：在1999年威尼斯双年展上，他的一系列未烧制泥塑作品《威尼斯收租庭院》(1999) 获得金狮奖，并且他还组织了2008年北京奥运会开幕式。结合语意可知，__9__(award) the Golden Lion far Venice’s Rent Collection Courtyard (1999)与organized the opening ceremony for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的好友 Simon对中国文化很感兴趣，委托你帮忙报名校国画俱乐部，但因人数已满报名不成功，请给他写一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1.告知报名未成功；
2.推荐其他俱乐部。
3.期待
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Simon,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Simon,
I am sorry to let you know that your application to the School Painting club was rejected. Personally, I would like to recommend a Chinese calligraphy club to you. And my reasons are as follows.
To start, in our nation, calligraphy has always been considered as one of the most significant arts, which will help foreigners to know more about Chinese culture. Second, unlike doing Tai chi which needs a big space and specific costumes, practicing calligraphy can be easy to operate. All it asks is a table with the Four Treasures of the Study, which refer to brush, ink stick, paper and ink stone. Finally, practicing calligraphy is a good way to improve students’ perseverance, for it needs patience to practice.
In a word, starting a calligraphy club is definitely advantageous. And I highly recommend starting a calligraphy club.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给对中国文化感兴趣，想委托你帮忙报名校国画俱乐部的Simon写一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
就我而言：Personally→As far as I’m concerned
被认为：be considered as→be regarded as
总之：In a word→All in all
肯定：definitely→certainly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Personally, I would like to recommend a Chinese calligraphy club to you.
拓展句：Personally, it is a Chinese calligraphy club that I would like to recommend to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am sorry to let you know that your application to the School Painting club was rejected. (运用 that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】To start, in our nation, calligraphy has always been considered as one of the most significant arts, which will help foreigners to know more about Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型3】All it asks is a table with the Four Treasures of the Study, which refer to brush, ink stick, paper and ink stone. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 读后续写
In my community, there is a little boy who suffered from congenital muscle disease. He always considered himself the most unfortunate person in the world. Although he looked no different from ordinary people, it’s difficult for him to do some delicate movements. He often lost control of his hands and dropped things on the ground. Even after a short run, he would easily get out of breath. Depression and inferiority made him almost always alone. All of these make his mother very worried.
Then one spring, the boy’s mother bought some saplings (树苗) from a nearby market. She intended to plant them in the forecourt. She told her children to plant a sapling each person. The mother said to her three children, “Whose seedling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite gift.” The boy also wanted to get his mother’s gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters carrying water to water the trees happily, anyhow, an idea hit him: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never attended to it.
Several days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was surprised to find it grew some fresh leaves instead of withering (枯萎), and compared with the trees of his brother and sister, his appeared greener and more vital. He wondered what on earth had happened. As expected, his mother kept her promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said to him, “From the tree you plant, you will become an outstanding botanist (植物学家) when you grow up.”
Since then, the little boy slowly became optimistic. One day, the little boy lay on the bed but couldn’t sleep. Looking at the bright moonlight outside the window, he suddenly recalled what the bi ology teacher once said, plants generally grow at night.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why not go to the forecourt and take a look at my tree ” he said to himself.
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From that night on, he understood what his mother meant and decided to change himself.
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【答案】参考范文：
“Why not go to the forecourt and take a look at my tree ” he said to himself. Then he got out of the bed and came to the courtyard on tiptoe. Before he approached the tree he planted, he found his mother was watering it carefully. All of a sudden, he understood it was his mother who had been secretly fertilizing and watering his small tree! The tree would have withered but for the care of his mother. Standing in the darkness, deeply touched, how he wanted to say thanks to his mother. But he didn’t.
From that night on, he understood what his mother meant and decided to change himself. When he was in trouble and wanted to give up sometimes, mother’s small figure that night always lingered in his mind. Being strong and confident, he overcame all the difficulties he was faced with. Decades passed. The little boy became a botanist, who was confident and optimistic. Love is the best gift for growth. With the gift, a thin tree can flourish and even grow into towering trees.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了有一个小男孩患有先天性肌肉疾病，他总是认为自己是世界上最不幸的人。某一个春天，男孩的母亲从附近的市场买了一些树苗，她告诉孩子们每人种一棵树苗。母亲对她的三个孩子说:“谁的幼苗长得最好，我就给他或她买一份最喜欢的礼物。”但是男孩却希望自己的树苗死去，于是没有管树苗，结果却发现树苗长得很好，某天晚上男孩到院子里才发现，是母亲一直在给树苗浇水，男孩很感动，于是从此变得自信乐观。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘为什么不去前院看看我的树呢？’他自言自语道”可知，第一段可描写男孩去院子里看自己的树苗，结果发现是母亲在给树苗浇水。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天晚上起，他明白了母亲的意思，并决定改变自己。”可知，第二段可描写男孩被母亲感动，从此变得乐观，不怕困难。
2.续写线索：看树苗——发现母亲浇水——男孩感动——决定改变——变得自信乐观——男孩成为植物学家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①靠近：approach/get close to
②放弃：give up/quit
③决定：decide/determine
情绪类
①乐观的：optimistic/positive
②感动：touch/move
【点睛】[高分句型1] Before he approached the tree he planted, he found his mother was watering it carefully. (运用了before引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] The little boy became a botanist, who was confident and optimistic. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-5 CCBAB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15 AACAA 16-20 BCBAC
