福州市八校联考高二上学期期末考试
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
The Thai capital Bangkok isn't just a big city full of skyscrapers, shopping malls, and traffic. There are many beautiful spaces providing residents with fresh air and lots of healthy outdoor activities in landscaped areas.
Benjakitti Park
The park has dedicated 'bicycle and jogging tracks around the Lake Ratchada. The water's edge is nicely framed by some pretty plant life, with colourful flowers adding to the quietness. You'll also find skate tracks, a central pavilion with fountains, and an impressive half-circle courtyard that's popular for picnics.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Benjasiri Park
Benjasiri Park is the place to be for sculpture lovers, with some of the best examples of Thai sculptures around the park reflecting historical features. The centrepiece fountain hosts multimedia water dance shows 3 times daily. The park offers outdoor sports facilities rarely found at other public parks in Bangkok, including a basketball court, roller skating/skateboarding rink, tennis court, and outdoor swimming pool.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Chatuchak Park
Chatuchak Park offers something for everyone at this park. Some may walk or jog along the green tracks line, while others can appreciate nature in the Thai Literature and Herb Garden. The park's northern end has many tennis courts and soccer fields. While you're there, make sure not to miss the Train Museum and Youth Traffic Garden.
Opening Time: Daily from 4:30 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Sanam Luang Park
Sanam Luang Park has been around since the founding of Bangkok in 1782. Take part in the kite flying festival in March in different shapes and sizes floating in the sky. On most days; you can enjoy a family picnic in the breezy late afternoon while watching an exciting game of volleyball.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m.
1. Which park opens earliest every day
A. Benjakitti Park. B. Benjasiri Park.
C. Chatuchak Park. D. Sanam Luang Park.
2. What is special in Benjasiri Park compared with the other three parks
A. Colorful flowers. B. Traditional sculptures
C. Soccer fields. D. Walking tracks.
3. What do Benjakitti Park and Sanam Luang Park both have
A. A tennis court. B. Some skate tracks.
C. A volleyball court. D. Some picnic spots.
B
Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners. Yet, when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.
According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出啧啧声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It's believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance (提高) the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It's also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It was not until a new expression — “noodle harassment” —came out on social media that Japanese people started to realize the problem. They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling (降噪的) fork last month. The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person's phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise.
But is it really necessary Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, please slurp as you like," wrote a Japanese food blogger.“If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, ignore them. They're missing the point entirely."
4. Which of the following is NOT the reason for slurping when eating noodles, according to the text
A. Cooling the noodles down. B. Making the noodles more tasty.
C. Showing great respect for the noodles. D. Adding to the pleasure of eating noodles.
5. What does the underlined word "harassment" mean in paragraph 3 mean
A. Anxiety. B. Annoyance.
C. Politeness. D. Appreciation
6. How does the noise-canceling fork work
A. The fork removes the slurping noise.
B. The fork can be used as an electric toothbrush.
C. A smartphone reminds the user to stop slurping if a signal is sent to it.
D. A smartphone plays a sound to hide the noise when it receives a signal.
7. Why does the author mention people in India in this passage
A To show that forks are unnecessary in Indian culture.
B To give an example to show cultural difference are normal.
C. To show India has special dinning tradition and table manners.
D. To tell us the differences in eating habits between India and Japan.
C
Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is about as sensitive to light and has sharper vision and a faster reaction time than a real eyeball, may outperform human eyes.
The human eye owes its wide field of view and clear eyesight to the retina(视网膜)—an area at the back of the eyeball covered in light-detecting cells. The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light sensors(纳米级光感器). Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens(晶状体) at the front of the eye. Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to the way nerve networks connect the eyeball to the brain.
“In the future, we can use this to replace damaged human eyes,” says the lead designer. In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball records changes in lighting faster than human eyes can—within about 30 to 40 milliseconds, rather than 40 to 150 milliseconds. Although its 100-degree field of view isn’t as broad as the150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as the human eye in poor light.
Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.
8. Why does Zhiyong Fan develop the artificial eye
A. To replace people’s real eyeballs. B. To gain a sharper vision.
C. To help the blind regain their eyesight. D. To help normal eyes perform better.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The design of the artificial eye.
B The structure of the human eye.
C. The advantages of the artificial eye.
D. The material used for the artificial eye.
10. What can we learn about the artificial eye and the human eye
A. They have the same structure.
B. The artificial eye may see more clearly.
C. The human eye sees better in weak light.
D. The artificial eye takes in a broader view.
11. Which word best describes Hongrui Jiang’s attitude to the artificial eye
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Tolerant. D. Ambiguous.
D
China’s young people have created yet another word to reflect their growing disappointment with the stressful work culture. The new lifestyle hot word, tang ping, is an action rather than a feeling — deciding to just go by, using a minimum effort at an unsatisfactory job.
Wendy said that her lying-down philosophy could be summed up as “Putting the peacefulness of the body and soul first.” “According to the mainstream standard, a good lifestyle must include working hard, trying to get good results on work evaluations, struggling to buy a house and a car, and having babies,” she said, “However, I am looking forward to ‘lying down entirely’— quitting my job and living off my savings.”
Tang ping has come under fire from Chinese state media. “No matter what, young people must have confidence in the future,” read a newspaper. “China is the world’s most populous country, with rich labor resources and a huge market advantage. The only happy life is a hard-working life. “The lying-down community obviously isn’t good for the country’s economic and social development,” said Guangming Daily. However, the newspaper added that tang ping shouldn’t be ignored without reflection: if China wants to encourage hard work in the young generation, it should first try to improve their quality of life.
“The state is worried about what would happen if everyone stopped working,” said Huang Ping, a literature professor. “But humans aren’t merely tools for making things,” he said. To lie down is a reasonable choice rather than a negative attitude. For some young people, it’s a way for them to reduce pressure. “When you can’t catch up with society’s development— say, high house prices — tang ping is actually the most practical choice.” he said.
Lying down can be seen as the opposite of involution (内卷), referring to societies becoming trapped in continual cycles of competition. “In a relatively good social environment, people may feel involuted, but at least they’re trying” he said. “If it’s worse, people will tang ping.”
Alternatively, the more motivated among the young generation have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence, Retire Early” — in the hope of someday escaping the severe competition once and for all.
12. What is Wendy’s goal in life
A. To keep up with society’s development. B. To depend on her savings to live.
C. To get promoted in her company. D. To be highly evaluated at work.
13. What do state media think the young should do
A. Improve their quality of life. B. Reflect on China’s development.
C. Base their future on hard work. D. Live a happy life by lying down.
14. What does Professor Huang think of the “lying down” style
A. It means low quality of life for the young.
B. It prevents the development of society.
C. It motivates the young to welcome their future.
D. It removes the heavy life pressure from the young.
15. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. A healthy society doesn’t involve competition.
B. Young people prefer involution to tang ping.
C. Severe competition is the main cause of lying down.
D. More active young people favour severe competition.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can't Resist Junk Food Study Suggests You Try This Simple Trick
You're tired and hungry. Then you catch a whiff of something delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. It is fried chicken!____16____A new research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices.
Let's take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever appetizing treat catches your nose's attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it What will happen if you're standing in line after a couple of minutes ____17____ And recent science says that this is actually the right moment to walk away.
The results of a series of experiments, including field studies at a supermarket and at a middle school cafeteria, show that extended exposure (of more than two minutes) to junk food smell (e. g,cookie smell) leads to lower purchases of unhealthy foods compared with healthy smell (e.g.strawberry smell).____18____That is why long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth, which in turn decreases the desire for consumption of junk food.
____19____When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined, food choices were not profoundly influenced. The reason for this is that healthy food are not connected with reward in our brain and therefore have little influence on what we desire.
So next time you're feeling you don't have the will power to resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two. ____20____
A. But wait a minute before you order.
B. It's a response that has been researched.
C. Get the satisfaction with none of the calories.
D. It isn't quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.
E. However, it's not the same case with smell of healthy food.
F. It's the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.
G. The brain doesn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell or taste.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读短文，从文后各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ____21____ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory ____22____ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____23____ exploring it That's a tale of ____24____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was ____25____ of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to ____26____ in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____27____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____28____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____29____. But she didn't ______30______ "I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity."
Then came another life-changing moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ______31______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______32______ on the surface of Mars, it was ______33______ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ______34______ .
Trujillo's own story is ______35______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
21. A. astronaut B. pilot C. engineer D. guide
22. A. eager B. responsible C. concerned D. grateful
23. A. actually B. hardly C. accurately D. repeatedly
24. A. innovation B. kindness C. passion D. sympathy
25. A. certain B. approved C. afraid D. fond
26. A. respond B. rise C. invest D. apply
27. A. made up B. turned up C. picked up D. took up
28. A. measures B. activities C. jobs D. courses
29. A. studies B. purchases C. recreations D. trips
30. A. clarify B. fear C. perceive D. complain
31. A. applied B. admitted C. assigned D. introduced
32 A. originated B. generated C. landed D. waited
33. A. accompanied B. distracted C. estimated D. occupied
34 A. theory B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
35. A. career B. information C. competence D. proof
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The remains of a gold mask are among the 3,000-year-old artifacts (历史文物) found at Sanxingdui, a 4.6-square-mile area outside Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province. ___36___ (weigh) about 280 grams and estimated to be made from 84% gold, the mask is one of over 500 items unearthed from six newly discovered “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)” in Sanxingdui.
More than 50,000 ancient artifacts ___37___ (find) at Sanxingdui since the 1920s, when a local farmer ___38___ (accidental) came upon a number of relics at the site. A major breakthrough ___39___ (occur) in 1986, with the discovery of two ceremonial pits containing over 1,000 items. Discoveries made at the site date back to the 12th and 11th centuries BC, and many of the items are now ___40___ display at an on-site museum.
The site has completely changed experts’ understanding of ___41___ the ancient civilization developed in China. In particular, ___42___ (evident) suggests that the unique ancient Shu society developed independently of neighboring cultures in the Yellow River Valley, ___43___ was traditionally considered to be the origin of Chinese civilization.
Along with other Shu archaeological ___44___ (site), it is credited by the UN as “___45___ outstanding representative of the Bronze Age Civilization of China, East Asia and even the world.”
第四部分课内知识(共两节，满分15分)
第一节选词填空(共8小题：每小题1分，共8分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词并使用正确的形式填入空格处
qualification complex grasp modest consume overall subscribe cast organic overcome
46. Child as he is,he has a good ________ of Chinese characters
47. Even the relatively________ sum of 50,000 now seems beyond his reach.
48. In ________ farming, the use of pesticides or chemical fertilizers is prohibited.
49. No one is more ________ than you are to decide how you live;no one should be able to vote on what you do with your time and your potential unless you invite them to.
50. The electricity industry ________ large amounts of fossil fuels.
51. Boston's Logan International Airport spent more than 30 years ________ community opposition to a new runway.
52. I encounter tremedous culture shock when studying abroad. But, ________, it's just a fun experience. I'm trying to soak it all up.
53. By the end of this year, our WeChat offical account will have almost one billion mobile phone ________.
第二节同义替换(共7小题：每小题1分，共7分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词替换划横线的词
exceptional boost crisis shift substantial get involved in consisting of
54. Without a major improvement in tourism, the economy will suffer even further. ________
55. When you participate in sports and athletes, a lot of the racial barriers are broken down. ________
56. The feet are highly specialised structures made up of 26 small delicate bones. ________
57. This progress has greatly improved the prospects for growth and for a significant reduction in poverty over the next decade. ________
58. At the age of five he showed outstanding talent as a musician. ________
59. This accident caused a dramatic change in public opinion. ________
60. She has always been to the fore at moments of danger. ________
第五部分写作(满分25分)
61. 为了庆祝即将来临的新年，你校在元旦举办了迎新春品美食活动，受到广大师生的好评。你参加了活动并拍摄了vlog。请你以“An Unforgettable Festival”为题，为校刊的英语角写一篇短文，记述整个活动过程。
1. 活动策划
2. 活动内容
3. 师生感受
注意：1.词数120字左右 2.可以适当增加细节
An Unforgettable Festival
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________福州市八校联考高二上学期期末考试
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
The Thai capital Bangkok isn't just a big city full of skyscrapers, shopping malls, and traffic. There are many beautiful spaces providing residents with fresh air and lots of healthy outdoor activities in landscaped areas.
Benjakitti Park
The park has dedicated 'bicycle and jogging tracks around the Lake Ratchada. The water's edge is nicely framed by some pretty plant life, with colourful flowers adding to the quietness. You'll also find skate tracks, a central pavilion with fountains, and an impressive half-circle courtyard that's popular for picnics.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Benjasiri Park
Benjasiri Park is the place to be for sculpture lovers, with some of the best examples of Thai sculptures around the park reflecting historical features. The centrepiece fountain hosts multimedia water dance shows 3 times daily. The park offers outdoor sports facilities rarely found at other public parks in Bangkok, including a basketball court, roller skating/skateboarding rink, tennis court, and outdoor swimming pool.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Chatuchak Park
Chatuchak Park offers something for everyone at this park. Some may walk or jog along the green tracks line, while others can appreciate nature in the Thai Literature and Herb Garden. The park's northern end has many tennis courts and soccer fields. While you're there, make sure not to miss the Train Museum and Youth Traffic Garden.
Opening Time: Daily from 4:30 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Sanam Luang Park
Sanam Luang Park has been around since the founding of Bangkok in 1782. Take part in the kite flying festival in March in different shapes and sizes floating in the sky. On most days; you can enjoy a family picnic in the breezy late afternoon while watching an exciting game of volleyball.
Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m.
1. Which park opens earliest every day
A. Benjakitti Park. B. Benjasiri Park.
C. Chatuchak Park. D. Sanam Luang Park.
2. What is special in Benjasiri Park compared with the other three parks
A. Colorful flowers. B. Traditional sculptures
C. Soccer fields. D. Walking tracks.
3. What do Benjakitti Park and Sanam Luang Park both have
A. A tennis court. B. Some skate tracks.
C. A volleyball court. D. Some picnic spots.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是泰国首都曼谷的四个公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。对比四个公园的开放时间“Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily from 4:30 a.m. to 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上4:30至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily from 5 a.m. to 10 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上10点。））”可知，开门最早的公园是Chatuchak Park。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Benjasiri Park部分的“Benjasiri Park is the place to be for sculpture lovers, with some of the best examples of Thai sculptures around the park reflecting historical features.（Benjasiri公园是雕塑爱好者的地方，公园周围有一些最好的泰国雕塑，反映了历史特征。） ”可知，与其他三个公园相比，Benjasiri公园的特别之处是传统雕塑。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Benjakitti Park中的“You'll also find skate tracks, a central pavilion with fountains, and an impressive half-circle courtyard that's popular for picnics.（你还会发现溜冰跑道，有喷泉的中央凉亭，以及令人印象深刻的半圆形庭院，那里是野餐的好去处。）”和Sanam Luang Park中的“On most days, you can enjoy a family picnic in the breezy late afternoon while watching an exciting game of volleyball.（在大多数日子里，在微风拂面的傍晚，你可以一边享受家庭野餐，一边观看激动人心的排球比赛。）”可知，Benjakitti公园和Sanam Luang公园都有一些野餐的地方。故选D。
B
Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners. Yet, when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.
According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出啧啧声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It's believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance (提高) the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It's also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It was not until a new expression — “noodle harassment” —came out on social media that Japanese people started to realize the problem. They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling (降噪的) fork last month. The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person's phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise.
But is it really necessary Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, please slurp as you like," wrote a Japanese food blogger.“If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, ignore them. They're missing the point entirely."
4. Which of the following is NOT the reason for slurping when eating noodles, according to the text
A. Cooling the noodles down. B. Making the noodles more tasty.
C. Showing great respect for the noodles. D. Adding to the pleasure of eating noodles.
5. What does the underlined word "harassment" mean in paragraph 3 mean
A. Anxiety. B. Annoyance.
C. Politeness. D. Appreciation
6. How does the noise-canceling fork work
A. The fork removes the slurping noise.
B. The fork can be used as an electric toothbrush.
C. A smartphone reminds the user to stop slurping if a signal is sent to it.
D. A smartphone plays a sound to hide the noise when it receives a signal.
7. Why does the author mention people in India in this passage
A. To show that forks are unnecessary in Indian culture.
B. To give an example to show cultural difference are normal.
C. To show India has special dinning tradition and table manners.
D. To tell us the differences in eating habits between India and Japan.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了日本啜食文化产生的影响，也说明了文化差异是一种正常现象。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“It's believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It's also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.”（人们相信，将空气送入口中可以增强面条的味道，并有助于冷却食物。 这也被认为是一种对这道菜表示欣赏的方式。 有时候，仅仅是发出声响似乎就能让面条更美味）可知，吃面条发出声音可以冷却面条，可以使面条更美味，还可以表示对面条的欣赏和喜欢，但不能表达敬意。故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段关键句中“Japanese people started to realize the problem”（日本人开始意识到这个问题）及“They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. ”（他们发现这种声音让一些外国游客感到不舒服）可知，“noodle harassment”表示日本人吃面条的方式给外国人造成了烦恼。harassment与annoyance词义相近。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段关键句“When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person's phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise.”（当使用叉子的人开始发出声音时，叉子会向这个人的手机发送一个信号。 然后，手机会播放一种声音来掩盖咀嚼的声音）可知，噪音消除叉通过传送信号到对应用餐人的手机里，手机播放声音来掩盖噪音起效果。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“But is it really necessary Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands.”（但这真的有必要吗 用餐传统和餐桌礼仪各不相同。 在印度，人们用手吃东西）及“But this eating method is part of India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.”（但这种饮食方式是印度文化的一部分，就像日本的啜食是其文化的一部分一样）可以推测，作者提及印度人用餐方式是为了举例说明文化差异是正常的。故选B项。
C
Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is about as sensitive to light and has sharper vision and a faster reaction time than a real eyeball, may outperform human eyes.
The human eye owes its wide field of view and clear eyesight to the retina(视网膜)—an area at the back of the eyeball covered in light-detecting cells. The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light sensors(纳米级光感器). Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens(晶状体) at the front of the eye. Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to the way nerve networks connect the eyeball to the brain.
“In the future, we can use this to replace damaged human eyes,” says the lead designer. In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball records changes in lighting faster than human eyes can—within about 30 to 40 milliseconds, rather than 40 to 150 milliseconds. Although its 100-degree field of view isn’t as broad as the150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as the human eye in poor light.
Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.
8. Why does Zhiyong Fan develop the artificial eye
A. To replace people’s real eyeballs. B. To gain a sharper vision.
C. To help the blind regain their eyesight. D. To help normal eyes perform better.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The design of the artificial eye.
B. The structure of the human eye.
C. The advantages of the artificial eye.
D. The material used for the artificial eye.
10. What can we learn about the artificial eye and the human eye
A. They have the same structure.
B. The artificial eye may see more clearly.
C. The human eye sees better in weak light.
D. The artificial eye takes in a broader view.
11. Which word best describes Hongrui Jiang’s attitude to the artificial eye
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Tolerant. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港科技大学的一位科学家开发人工眼帮助盲人重获光明。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently.”（盲人长期以来一直渴望光明，但科学家们没有这项技术。为了让这一点更接近现实，香港科技大学材料科学家范志勇最近开发了一种新的人工眼。）可知，发明人工眼的目的是帮助盲人重获光明。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material.”（新型人工眼的设计基于人眼的结构，并使用了一种友好的光敏材料。）可知，第二段主要讲人工眼的结构设计。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter.”（理论上，这种人造眼比人眼看得更清楚，因为人造视网膜每平方厘米包含大约 4.6 亿个光传感器，而真正的视网膜每平方厘米有大约 1000 万个光检测细胞。）可知，理论上人工眼可能比真正的眼睛看得更清楚。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由尾段“Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.”（不过，威斯康星大学的电气工程师姜宏瑞认为，工程师们需要一种更实用、更有效的方法，在人造眼球的背面生产大量的细线，使其具有超人的视力，而这很难实现。）可知，他认为科学家们设想的很难达成。持怀疑的态度。故选A项。
D
China’s young people have created yet another word to reflect their growing disappointment with the stressful work culture. The new lifestyle hot word, tang ping, is an action rather than a feeling — deciding to just go by, using a minimum effort at an unsatisfactory job.
Wendy said that her lying-down philosophy could be summed up as “Putting the peacefulness of the body and soul first.” “According to the mainstream standard, a good lifestyle must include working hard, trying to get good results on work evaluations, struggling to buy a house and a car, and having babies,” she said, “However, I am looking forward to ‘lying down entirely’— quitting my job and living off my savings.”
Tang ping has come under fire from Chinese state media. “No matter what, young people must have confidence in the future,” read a newspaper. “China is the world’s most populous country, with rich labor resources and a huge market advantage. The only happy life is a hard-working life. “The lying-down community obviously isn’t good for the country’s economic and social development,” said Guangming Daily. However, the newspaper added that tang ping shouldn’t be ignored without reflection: if China wants to encourage hard work in the young generation, it should first try to improve their quality of life.
“The state is worried about what would happen if everyone stopped working,” said Huang Ping, a literature professor. “But humans aren’t merely tools for making things,” he said. To lie down is a reasonable choice rather than a negative attitude. For some young people, it’s a way for them to reduce pressure. “When you can’t catch up with society’s development— say, high house prices — tang ping is actually the most practical choice.” he said.
Lying down can be seen as the opposite of involution (内卷), referring to societies becoming trapped in continual cycles of competition. “In a relatively good social environment, people may feel involuted, but at least they’re trying” he said. “If it’s worse, people will tang ping.”
Alternatively, the more motivated among the young generation have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence, Retire Early” — in the hope of someday escaping the severe competition once and for all.
12. What is Wendy’s goal in life
A. To keep up with society’s development. B. To depend on her savings to live.
C. To get promoted in her company. D. To be highly evaluated at work.
13. What do state media think the young should do
A. Improve their quality of life. B. Reflect on China’s development.
C. Base their future on hard work. D. Live a happy life by lying down.
14. What does Professor Huang think of the “lying down” style
A. It means low quality of life for the young.
B. It prevents the development of society.
C. It motivates the young to welcome their future.
D. It removes the heavy life pressure from the young.
15. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. A healthy society doesn’t involve competition.
B. Young people prefer involution to tang ping.
C. Severe competition is the main cause of lying down.
D. More active young people favour severe competition.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国的流行热词“躺平”，及其背后所反映的社会问题与现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“However, I am looking forward to ‘lying down entirely’—quitting my job and living off my savings.(然而，我期待“完全躺平”——辞掉工作，靠积蓄谋生)”可知，Wendy打算依赖她的存款生活。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“The only happy life is a hard-working life.(唯一幸福的生活是勤劳的生活)”可知，媒体认为年轻人应该通过努力工作，创造未来。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“To lie down is a reasonable choice rather than a negative attitude. For some young people, it’s a way for them to reduce pressure.(躺平是一种合理的选择，而不是消极的态度。 对于一些年轻人来说，这是他们减压的一种方式)”可知，黄教授认为躺平生活方式消除了年轻人沉重的生活压力。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由尾段“Alternatively, the more motivated among the young generation have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence, Retire Early” — in the hope of someday escaping the severe competition once and for all.(或者，年轻一代中更有动力的人接受了 FIRE——“财务独立，提早退休”——希望有一天能一劳永逸地摆脱激烈的竞争)”可知，竞争压力大才是大家选择躺平模式的主要原因。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can't Resist Junk Food Study Suggests You Try This Simple Trick
You're tired and hungry. Then you catch a whiff of something delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. It is fried chicken!____16____A new research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices.
Let's take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever appetizing treat catches your nose's attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it What will happen if you're standing in line after a couple of minutes ____17____ And recent science says that this is actually the right moment to walk away.
The results of a series of experiments, including field studies at a supermarket and at a middle school cafeteria, show that extended exposure (of more than two minutes) to junk food smell (e. g,cookie smell) leads to lower purchases of unhealthy foods compared with healthy smell (e.g.strawberry smell).____18____That is why long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth, which in turn decreases the desire for consumption of junk food.
____19____When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined, food choices were not profoundly influenced. The reason for this is that healthy food are not connected with reward in our brain and therefore have little influence on what we desire.
So next time you're feeling you don't have the will power to resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two. ____20____
A. But wait a minute before you order.
B. It's a response that has been researched.
C. Get the satisfaction with none of the calories.
D. It isn't quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.
E. However, it's not the same case with smell of healthy food.
F. It's the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.
G. The brain doesn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell or taste.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了几项抵制垃圾食品诱惑的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据下一句“A new research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices."可知，暴露在垃圾食品中至少两分钟会帮助你选择健康食品，所以本句与等待时间有关，表达“但是在预定之前先等一下”。故A选项“但是在预定之前先等一下”切题。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文连发的两个问句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被闻到时非常吸引人，那么在排队等了几分钟之后会发生什么呢 根据下一句可知，这恰恰是要离开的时刻，可知，本句在表达“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了。”故D选项“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了”切题。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据本段开头提示，可知一系列的实验结果表明暴露在垃圾食品的气味中多于两分钟后会导致垃圾食品购买量的下降，在进行客观结果描述，所以排除易错选项F，同时，下一句在解释闻到气味就如同嘴巴吃到了一样满足。可知空处所在句要表达大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显。故G选项“大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显”切题。故选选G。
【19题详解】
从下一句“当检测健康食物的气味时，食物选择并没有受到很大的影响。”可以得知空格内容与健康食物的气味相关，并且表达转折的语义。故E选项“然而，健康食物的味道就不一样了。”切题。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前句“it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two."（最简单的方法是坐在那里闻上一两分钟香甜的味道）与选项中“It’s the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied. (闻到味道与吃到它是一样可以满足愿望的。)承接自然，话题一致。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读短文，从文后各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ____21____ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory ____22____ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____23____ exploring it That's a tale of ____24____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl Trujillo was ____25____ of her passion for science. But she doubted how far she'd be able to ____26____ in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____27____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____28____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____29____. But she didn't ______30______ "I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity."
Then came another life-changing moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ______31______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______32______ on the surface of Mars, it was ______33______ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ______34______ .
Trujillo's own story is ______35______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
21. A. astronaut B. pilot C. engineer D. guide
22. A. eager B. responsible C. concerned D. grateful
23. A. actually B. hardly C. accurately D. repeatedly
24. A. innovation B. kindness C. passion D. sympathy
25. A. certain B. approved C. afraid D. fond
26. A. respond B. rise C. invest D. apply
27. A. made up B. turned up C. picked up D. took up
28. A. measures B. activities C. jobs D. courses
29. A. studies B. purchases C. recreations D. trips
30. A. clarify B. fear C. perceive D. complain
31. A. applied B. admitted C. assigned D. introduced
32. A. originated B. generated C. landed D. waited
33. A. accompanied B. distracted C. estimated D. occupied
34. A. theory B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
35. A. career B. information C. competence D. proof
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astronaut宇航员；B. pilot飞行员；C. engineer工程师；D. guide指导；向导。根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.”可知，Trujillo成为美国宇航局工程师。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. eager渴望的；B. responsible负责任的；C. concerned担心的；D. grateful感激的。be responsible for负责……。根据“Trujillo, however, is an aerospace ____1____ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory”可知，Trujillo领导的团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A. actually事实上；B. hardly几乎不；C. accurately准确地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe”可知，Trujillo从梦想变成了现实，在现实中真正的探索宇宙。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个写在星星上的充满激情的故事。A. innovation创新；B. kindness善良；C. passion热情；D. sympathy同情。根据文章开头“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”可知，对于一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了。所以此处表达她的整个经历充满了激情。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她肯定自己对科学的热情。A. certain确信的；B. approved赞成的；C. afraid害怕的；担心的；D. fond喜爱的。根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it ”可知，她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表示甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A. respond回应；B. rise上升；地位提高；C. invest投资；投入；D. apply申请；应用。根据“in a male-dominated field”可知，在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A. made up编造；B. turned up出现；调大；C. picked up捡起；学会；D. took up接受（建议或主意）；占据。根据“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade College.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A. measures措施；B. activities活动；C. jobs工作；D. courses课程。根据“to put herself through Miami Dade College.”可知，她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A. studies学习；研究；B. purchases购买东西；C. recreations休闲活动；D. trips旅行。根据“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms”可知，Trujillo通过打扫浴室帮助自己完成学业。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A. clarify阐明；B. fear害怕；C. perceive认为；D. complain抱怨。根据“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity”可知，她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A. applied申请；应用；B. admitted承认；准许……进入；C. assigned分配；分派；D. introduced介绍。be admitted to被……录取。根据“Then came another life-changing moment.”可知，Trujillo被美国宇航局学院录取，这是它人生的转折点。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. originated起源；B. generated产生；C. landed降落；着陆；D. waited等待。根据“on the surface of Mars,”可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. accompanied陪伴；伴随；B. distracted分散；C. estimated估计；D. occupied占据。根据“by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ____14____ .”可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. theory理论；B. broadcast 广播节目；C. comment评论；D. performance表演；表现。根据“it was ____13____ by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language”可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A. career职业；B. information信息；C. competence能力；胜任；D. proof证据；证明。根据“just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.”可知，她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人。故选D。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The remains of a gold mask are among the 3,000-year-old artifacts (历史文物) found at Sanxingdui, a 4.6-square-mile area outside Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province. ___36___ (weigh) about 280 grams and estimated to be made from 84% gold, the mask is one of over 500 items unearthed from six newly discovered “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)” in Sanxingdui.
More than 50000 ancient artifacts ___37___ (find) at Sanxingdui since the 1920s, when a local farmer ___38___ (accidental) came upon a number of relics at the site. A major breakthrough ___39___ (occur) in 1986, with the discovery of two ceremonial pits containing over 1,000 items. Discoveries made at the site date back to the 12th and 11th centuries BC, and many of the items are now ___40___ display at an on-site museum.
The site has completely changed experts’ understanding of ___41___ the ancient civilization developed in China. In particular, ___42___ (evident) suggests that the unique ancient Shu society developed independently of neighboring cultures in the Yellow River Valley, ___43___ was traditionally considered to be the origin of Chinese civilization.
Along with other Shu archaeological ___44___ (site), it is credited by the UN as “___45___ outstanding representative of the Bronze Age Civilization of China, East Asia and even the world.”
【答案】36. Weighing
37. have been found
38 accidentally
39. occurred
40. on 41. how
42. evidence
43. which 44. sites
45. an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址又有重大发现——发现黄金面具。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：这个面具重约280克，估计由84% 的黄金制成，是三星堆新发现的六个“祭祀坑”出土的500多件物品之一。分析句子结构可知，“the mask is one of over 500 items unearthed from six newly discovered “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)” in Sanxingdui.”是主句，“________ (weigh) about 280 grams and estimated to be made from 84% gold,”是非谓语动词做状语，且动词weigh(有......重；重达)的逻辑主语是主句主语the mask(面具)，且二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Weighing。
2.考查时态和语态。句意：自20世纪20年代以来，在三星堆发现了5万多件文物，当时是一位当地农民偶然发现了一些文物。分析句子结构可知，此处做谓语，根据时间标志词“since the 1920s”(自从20世纪20年代以来)可知， 此处应该用现在完成时，且主语是More than 50,000 ancient artifacts(5万多件文物)，是复数，主语与动词find二者之间是被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动，即have been found，故填have been found。
3.考查副词。句意：自20世纪20年代以来，在三星堆发现了5万多件文物，当时是一位当地农民偶然发现了一些文物。由空后的动词短语came upon(偶然遇到；碰到)可知，此处用副词修饰，故填accidently。
4.考查时态。句意：1986年有一个重大突破，那就是发现了两个仪式坑，里面有超过1000件物品。分析句子结构可知，此处做谓语，且句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，且occur(发生)是不及物动词，无被动形式，故填occurred。
5.考查介词。句意：这个遗址的发现可以追溯到公元前12和11世纪，许多物品现在在一个现场博物馆展出。On display是固定搭配，表示“展出”，故填on。
6.考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这个遗址完全改变了专家们对中国古代文明发展的理解。分析句子结构可知，句子“_____the ancient civilization developed in China.”放在介词of后面，是宾语从句，且从句中缺少状语，表示方式，应用how，故填how。
7.考查名词。句意：特别是，有证据表明，独特的古蜀社会独立于相邻的文化在黄河流域发展，这在传统上被认为是中国文明的起源。此处是做主语，应用名词evidence，表示“证据”，且由后面的谓语动词suggests(表明)可知，主语是单数，故填evidence。
8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：特别是，有证据表明，独特的古蜀社会独立于相邻的文化在黄河流域发展，这在传统上被认为是中国文明的起源。分析句子结构可知，“____was traditionally considered to be the origin of Chinese civilization.”是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Yellow River Valley(黄河流域)，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用which，故填which。
9.考查可数名词单复数。句意：与其他蜀文化遗址一样，它被联合国誉为“中国、东亚乃至世界青铜时代文明的杰出代表”。由前面的with可知，此处做宾语，应用名词形式，且此处是泛指，所以应用site的复数形式，故填sites。
10.考查不定冠词。句意：与其他蜀文化遗址一样，它被联合国誉为“中国、东亚乃至世界青铜时代文明的杰出代表”。由句意可知，此处表示“一个杰出的代表”，representative(代表)是可数名词，且outstanding(杰出的)读音是以元音因素开头，应用an，故填an。
第四部分课内知识(共两节，满分15分)
第一节选词填空(共8小题：每小题1分，共8分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词并使用正确的形式填入空格处
qualification complex grasp modest consume overall subscribe cast organic overcome
46. Child as he is,he has a good ________ of Chinese characters
47. Even the relatively________ sum of 50,000 now seems beyond his reach.
48. In ________ farming, the use of pesticides or chemical fertilizers is prohibited.
49. No one is more ________ than you are to decide how you live;no one should be able to vote on what you do with your time and your potential unless you invite them to.
50. The electricity industry ________ large amounts of fossil fuels.
51 Boston's Logan International Airport spent more than 30 years ________ community opposition to a new runway.
52. I encounter tremedous culture shock when studying abroad. But, ________, it's just a fun experience. I'm trying to soak it all up.
53. By the end of this year, our WeChat offical account will have almost one billion mobile phone ________.
【答案】46. grasp
47. modest 48. organic
49. qualified
50. consumes
51. overcoming
52. overall
53. subscriptions
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然他还是个孩子，但他对汉字掌握得很好。不定冠词a后接名词的单数形式。名词grasp为“掌握”之意。故填grasp。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：即使是5万英镑这一相对适中的数目，现在看来也超出了他的能力范围。名词sum前用形容词修饰。形容词modest为“适度的”之意。故填modest。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在有机农业中，禁止使用杀虫剂或化肥。名词farming前用形容词修饰。形容词organic为“有机的”之意。故填organic。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有人比你更有资格决定自己的生活方式；没有人应该对你如何利用你的时间和你的潜力投票，除非你邀请他们。句中用形容词作表语。形容词qualified为“有资格的”之意。故填qualified。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：电力工业消耗大量的化石燃料。动词consume为“消耗”之意，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填consumes。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：波士顿洛根国际机场花了30多年时间克服社区对修建新跑道的反对。动词overcome为“克服”之意。spend … doing sth. 花费多少时间做某事。故填overcoming。
【52题详解】
考查副词。句意：在国外学习的时候，我遇到了巨大的文化冲击。但是，总的来说，这只是一个有趣的经历。我正试着接受这一切。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。副词overall为“总的来说”之意。故填overall。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：到今年年底，我们的微信官方账户将拥有近10亿手机用户。名词subscription为“订阅”之意。根据one billion可知，用名词的复数形式。故填subscriptions。
第二节同义替换(共7小题：每小题1分，共7分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词替换划横线的词
exceptional boost crisis shift substantial get involved in consisting of
54. Without a major improvement in tourism, the economy will suffer even further. ________
55. When you participate in sports and athletes, a lot of the racial barriers are broken down. ________
56. The feet are highly specialised structures made up of 26 small delicate bones. ________
57. This progress has greatly improved the prospects for growth and for a significant reduction in poverty over the next decade. ________
58. At the age of five he showed outstanding talent as a musician. ________
59. This accident caused a dramatic change in public opinion. ________
60. She has always been to the fore at moments of danger. ________
【答案】54. boost
55. get involved in
56. consisting of
57. substantial
58. exceptional
59. shift 60. crisis
【解析】
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果旅游业没有重大改善，经济将受到更大的影响。名词improvement为“改善”之意，与boost含义一致。故填boost。
【55题详解】
考查短语。句意：当你参加体育运动和运动员时，许多种族障碍就被打破了。短语participate in为“参加，参与”之意，与get involved in含义一致。故填get involved in。
【56题详解】
考查短语。句意：脚是由26块细小骨头组成的高度专业化的结构。短语(be) made up of为“组成”之意，与consist of含义一致，在句中作定语，所以用现在分词形式。故填consisting of。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一进展大大改善了未来十年增长和大幅减少贫困的前景。形容词significant为“有效的，显著的”之意，与substantial含义一致。故填substantial。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：5岁时，他就表现出了杰出的音乐家才能。形容词outstanding为“杰出的”之意，与exceptional含义一致。故填exceptional。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一事故使公众舆论发生了巨大的变化。名词change为“变化”之意，与shift含义一致。故填shift。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：她总是在危急时刻挺身而出。名词danger为“危险”之意，与crisis含义一致。故填crisis。
第五部分写作(满分25分)
61. 为了庆祝即将来临的新年，你校在元旦举办了迎新春品美食活动，受到广大师生的好评。你参加了活动并拍摄了vlog。请你以“An Unforgettable Festival”为题，为校刊的英语角写一篇短文，记述整个活动过程。
1. 活动策划
2. 活动内容
3. 师生感受
注意：1.词数120字左右 2.可以适当增加细节
An Unforgettable Festival
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
An Unforgettable Festival
In order to celebrate the upcoming new year, our school had a food festival last Friday.
We students took an active part in the festival. First of all, each class worked as a team to prepare a wide range of food, such as Indian curries, Chinese fried rice, Japanese sushi and so on. Then, they set their stands on the playground to sell their food. Most of the guests are our classmates parents and teachers. All of them enjoyed the delicious food. After the festival, we posted a vlog on Weibo about this meaningful activity which was well-received on the Internet.
Not only did the guests enjoy the delicious food but the students also learned how hard it was to make money. What an unforgettable festival!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生以“An Unforgettable Festival”为题，为校刊的英语角写一篇短文，记述你校在元旦举办的迎新春品美食活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
为了：To →In order to
首先：Firstly →First of all
喜欢：like →enjoy
参加：participate in=take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to celebrate the upcoming new year, our school had a food festival last Friday.
拓展句：Our school held a food festival last Friday, which was to celebrate the upcoming new year
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only did the guests enjoy the delicious food but the students also learned how hard it was to make money.这句话运用了部分倒装结构。
[高分句型2] After the festival, we posted a vlog on Weibo about this meaningful activity which was well-received on the Internet.这句话运用了which引导的定语从句。
