牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and usage—Non restrictive relative clauses学案

Period 3　Grammar and usage—Non restrictive relative clauses
请认真阅读下列句子，感悟体会黑体部分，并完成方框下的小题。
1．Xie Lei，who is 21 years old，has come to our university to study for a business qualification. 2．Living with host families，in which there may be other college students，gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. 3．She is halfway through the preparation year，which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.
[自主发现]
以上例句中的黑体部分均为______________从句，其标志为从句与主句之间有__________隔开。位置可以置于主句之中，也可以置于主句之后。
一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
意义 起限定作用，指特定的人或物，从句不可省略，否则原句句意不完整。 仅作补充或说明，若去掉从句，主句意思完整。
结构要求 紧跟先行词，从句与先行词之间不加逗号。 用逗号与先行词或主句隔开。
功能 修饰先行词。 修饰先行词或整个主句。
引导词 所有的关系代词及关系副词。 关系代词that及关系副词why除外。
省略情况 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。 所有关系词均不可省略。
译法 翻译成先行词的定语，“……的”。 通常翻译成主句的并列句。
We visited the school where we studied two years ago.
我们参观了我们两年前就读的那所学校。(限制性定语从句，起限定作用)
The house，which we bought last year，lies in the centre of the city.
那套房子位于市中心，是我们去年买的。(非限制性定语从句，不表明有多少套房子)
The house which/that we bought last year lies in the centre of the city.
我们去年买的那套房子位于市中心。(限制性定语从句，暗含“可能有若干套房子”之意)
二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题
1．非限制性定语从句不用that引导。
I am fond of the novel，which you bought for me.
我喜欢那本小说，就是你给我买的那本。
2．非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。
The reason，for which he couldn’t reduce his consumption，wasn’t given.
他为何不能降低消费，他没有给出任何理由。
3．非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
He often comes to school late，which makes his teacher angry.(先行词为主句的内容)
他经常上学迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。
三、as，which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别
as which
指代 引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分
位置 可位于主句之前，之中或之后 引导从句不能置于主句之前
意义 正如 这，那
功能 连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句
As we all know，the earth moves around the sun.
众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
The singer，as was expected，achieved a great success.
正如所期盼的那样，这位歌手取得了巨大成功。
Catherine will attend a friend’s wedding，which she is busy preparing for now.
凯瑟琳将参加一个朋友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。
[点津]　as常用在一些固定结构中：
as is said above 如上所述
as is known to all 众所周知
as has been said before 如之前所说
as is often the case 情况常常如此
as is already mentioned above 正如上边所提到的那样
as you can see 正如你看到的那样
用适当的关系词完成短文
The very film 1.________ is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.________ is popular with the public,3.________ hero and heroine are Jack and Rose.Rose was a young beautiful woman,4.________ went to America with her mother.Jack，who won a ship ticket by playing cards，was a poor painter.They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic 5.______ they had a happy time.Sadly，the nice journey was destroyed by a huge iceberg，and Jack lost his life for saving Rose (everyone will be moved by the selfless way in 6.________ most people can’t behave in real life)．Before Jack left Rose forever，he encouraged Rose to live well for him.7.________ is known to all，love is the strongest strength.And that’s the reason 8.________ Rose could live on and tell us the moving story.
Period 3
语法感悟
非限制性定语　逗号
达标检测
1．that　2.as　3.whose　4.who　5.where　6.which　7.As　8．why