Period 3 Grammar and usage—Subject clauses
请认真阅读下列句子，感悟体会主语从句并完成方框下的小题。
1．What I want to know is his arrival time. 2．Whether they would support us was a problem. 3．It was a pity that you didn’t go to the talk. 4．That everyone may receive at least a moderate education is significant. 5．Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.
[自主发现]
1．句1～5中，黑体部分均为__________从句。
2．句3中，It作__________，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。
一、定义
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。
What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed around the world trip.
让人们激动的是太阳能飞艇已完成了环球旅行。
It worried the astronaut that her niece was always playing computer games.
侄女经常玩电脑游戏，这让这名宇航员很担心。
二、基本用法
(一)主语从句的引导词
1．连接词that和whether/if
(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。
That the astronomers survived the accident in the circumstances is a miracle.
在这种情况下，天文学家们在事故中幸存下来简直是个奇迹。
(2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。
Whether the radiation will be controlled is still unknown.
＝It is still unknown if/whether the radiation will be controlled.
辐射是否会得到控制还是未知的。
2．连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等)
连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Whoever (of you) comes in first will be admitted by this agency.
无论(你们中的)谁获得第一名都将被这家机构录取。
Who will be in charge of the administration is plain to see.
谁将负责这个行政部门是显而易见的。
Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.
无论你在空闲时间做什么都不能伤害其他人。
3．连接副词(when，where，how，why等)
连接副词引导主语从句，在从句中作状语。
How this mission was accomplished is not clear to anyone.
这个任务是怎么完成的，谁也不清楚。
When we will have a meeting is an important question.
我们何时举行会议是个重要的问题。
Where the treasure was buried is still a puzzle.
财宝埋在哪里仍然是个谜。
[点津] 主语从句中引导词的选择技巧：
(1)分析连接词在从句中所作的句子成分；
(2)分析从句的意义。
(二)it作形式主语
为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型：
句型 说明
It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important，(un)likely，possible，necessary，natural，wrong等。
It＋be动词＋名词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。
It＋be动词＋动词 ed形式＋主语从句 常用于此句型的动词 ed形式有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought，believed等。
It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的不及物动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。
It’s possible that he has passed the driving test.
他有可能通过了驾照考试。
It’s a pity that he didn’t catch the first bus.
他没赶上头班车，太可惜了。
It seems that it is going to rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
[点津] (1)在“It＋be动词＋动词 ed形式＋主语从句”结构中，动词 ed形式若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
有人建议会议延期召开。
(2)在“It＋be动词＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should) do”。
It is important that he (should) know about this.
重要的是他应该知道此事。
三、应注意的问题
(一)从句要用陈述语序
What we will do next should be decided.
应该决定我们下一步要做什么。
(二)主谓一致
1．从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where he will get a job after graduation has bothered him much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很苦恼。
[点津] what引导主语从句时，有时主句的谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What the school needs most are books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
2．如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When and where the movie will be shown is not clear.
这部影片何时何地上映还不清楚。
用适当的连接词完成下面的短文
Everyone knew 1.________ Wendy was a famous writer，but no one knew 2.________ she came from and 3.________ she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4.________ they did know was 5.________ she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6.________ was in need of money.Wendy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said she didn’t understand 7.________ they were so narrow minded，but it didn’t matter 8.________ others thought of her.She just wanted to do 9.__________ she thought was right.I think that is 10.________ the meaning of life lies.
Period 3
语法感悟
1．主语
2.形式主语
达标检测
1．that
2.where
3.whether
4.What
5.that
6．who(ever)
7.why
8.what
9.what(ever)
10.whereIS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal1 diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow2 view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns3. Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis4, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors5 and other machines that doctors regularly use. Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products such as GPS, memory foam pillows, and smartphone cameras are changing our lives.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited6. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
In closing7, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems. (选自人教版新教材必修第三册 UNIT 4)
词汇积累
1．fatal /'fe tl/ adj.致命的；灾难性的
2．shallow /' l / adj.肤浅的；浅的
3．pattern /'p tn/ n．模式；图案；模范
4．analysis / 'n l s s/ n．(pl.analyses / 'n l si z/)(对事物的)分析；分析结果
5．monitor /'m n t (r)/ n．监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测；监控
6．limited /'l m t d/ adj.有限的
7．in closing最后
Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Ⅰ.匹配单词
1．absence A．the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if
they do not
2．bother B．to fill or use a space，an area or an amount of time
3．occupy C．to form an opinion of the amount，value or quality of sth after thinking about
it carefully
4．evaluate D．to spend time and/or energy doing sth
5．visible E．the fact of sb being away from a place where they are usually expected to be
6．discipline F．that can be seen；that is obvious enough to be noticed
Ⅱ.选词填空
cast new light on，in the circumstances，come to an end，take place，at a time
1．No one knows what great changes will ____________ in one hundred years.
2．His speech helped the students ____________________ the history of the Tang Dynasty.
3．____________________，they will have to revise their original plan.
4．All the people in the two countries wished the war would ______________ as soon as possible.
5．This hotel is big enough to accommodate two hundred people ____________.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the passage mainly about
A．The importance of space exploration.
B．How the writer became an astronaut.
C．An astronaut’s daily life in space.
D．The differences and similarities between life on the Earth and in space.
Ⅱ.悉层次结构
Read the text quickly to match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Sleeping on the space station.
Para.2 B．Introduction of the life on a space station.
Para.3 C．Exercise on the space station.
Para.4 D．Working inside the space station.
Para.5 E．Working outside the space station.
Para.6 F．Leisure activities on the space station.
Para.7 G．Eating on the space station.
Step 2 细读——逐段获取细节
Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．What does the lecturer think of her life in space
________________________________________________________________________
2．What does the lecturer want to tell us
________________________________________________________________________
3．What do “it” and “that” refer to in line 3 & line 4
“It” refers to ____________________，and “that” refers to __________.
4．What results in the difference between life on the space station and the Earth
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercise.
Why do astronauts sleep in private quarters or in sleeping bags
A．To sleep well.
B．Not to float around.
C．Not to bother them any more.
D．To start their day of work.
Ⅲ.Read Paras.3－4 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．How does the lecturer think the routine tasks inside the space station
The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are __________，but they can also be extremely __________.
2．What is the astronauts’ mission on a space station
A．To conduct scientific research.
B．To evaluate the effects of gravity on animals.
C．To learn more about changes in cells.
D．To locate and track lightning over large regions of the Earth.
3．When does the most challenging work take place
A．When astronauts sleep.
B．When astronauts eat.
C．When astronauts perform tasks outside the space station.
D．When astronauts test new equipment.
4．Which words can best describe the tasks outside the space station
A．Exciting and interesting.
B．Demanding and enjoyable.
C．Challenging and dangerous.
D．Worthwhile and adventurous.
5．What is the function of spacesuits when astronauts are outside the space station
A．Helping astronauts enjoy the splendid view of the Earth.
B．Protecting astronauts from potential risks，such as the cold and radiation.
C．Offering astronauts necessary food and drink.
D．Giving astronauts instructions on how to perform tasks.
6．What does the word “circumstances” in line 24 refer to
A．Preparations for a spacewalk.
B．Performing tasks outside the station.
C．All kinds of activities in space.
D．Experiments and equipment.
Ⅳ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．What do astronauts eat on the space station
____________________________ food；little ________________；____________________ in liquid form；______________.
2．How do astronauts drink water or any other liquids
They drink water or any other liquids out of a bag ______________________________.
3．What is implied by the word “must” in lines 36—38 of paragraph 5
The lecturer uses “must” twice to show precision of her language.Astronauts have to ________________________ on the space station.Otherwise，they would ____________________.
Ⅴ.Read Para.6 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．Why do astronauts need to spend some time in the gym
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．How do they take exercise
They have to be tied onto specially designed ____________________ to stop themselves from ____________________.
Ⅵ.Read Para.7 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．What do astronauts do during their leisure time
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What’s the lecturer’s attitude to the life in space
A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic.
C．Critical. D．Not mentioned.
3．What does “it” refer to in the last sentence of the lecture transcript (line 49)
A．Fun in leisure time.
B．All the hardship in space.
C．Exercising every day.
D．Space walking.
Step 3 读后——讨论深度理解
1．What qualities do you think an astronaut should possess according to the lecture transcript？(Critical thinking)
2．Suppose you are going to stay on the space station for a month—what would you do？(Creative thinking)
Step 4 总结——课文语法填空
My six month stay on a space station is a 1.__________(challenge) but magical adventure.The daily life there for the astronauts differs from 2.__________ on the Earth.Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach 3.__________(we) so that we don’t float around.
The routine tasks 4.________(occupy) most of the day are demanding but 5._______(extreme) rewarding.For a spacewalk，we have to put on our spacesuits,6.__________ can protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Meanwhile，eating is also different in space.It’s a luxury 7.________(eat) fresh food and we must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.At the same time，spending some time in the gym is of vital 8.__________(important) to our health.We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.What we like most 9.__________(be) to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch the planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home.10.__________ our delight，we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.In conclusion，all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.
Step 5 解读——长句难句分析
1．We usually sleep in private quarters，which are more like large cupboards，or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.
[句式分析] 此句是__________句。which 引导__________从句；过去分词短语attached to the walls or the ceiling在句中作__________，修饰__________。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2．With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
[句式分析] 此句是__________句。__________连接两个分句，表因果关系。with复合结构在句中作__________。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3．First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.
[句式分析] 此句是__________句。which引导____________从句，修饰 __________；protect...from...意为“______________________”。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
4．Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
[句式分析] 此句是__________句。第一个分句中as引导__________从句，意为“__________”，通常将形容词、副词、名词或实义动词放在句首，构成__________倒装；第二个分句中含有not as...as...结构，其中第二个as引导__________从句。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
5．During our leisure time，there’s nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home.
[句式分析] 此句是__________句。we like 是省略关系代词that的__________从句；there is nothing...more than...“没有比……更……”(否定词＋比较级)＝__________；taking pictures for our family and friends back home在句中作__________。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
Period 1
读前清障
Ⅰ.1.E 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.F 6.A
Ⅱ.1.take place 2.cast new light on 3.In the circumstances 4．come to an end 5.at a time
精读课文
Step 1
Ⅰ.C
Ⅱ.Para.1 B Para.2 A Para.3 D Para.4 E Para.5 G Para.6 C Para.7 F
Step 2
Ⅰ.1.It is a challenging but magical adventure.
2．What daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth.
3．daily life in space daily life
4．The low gravity.
Ⅱ.B
Ⅲ.1.demanding rewarding 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B
Ⅳ.1.Dried or freeze dried fresh food salt and pepper pills
2．through a thin tube of plastic 3.follow the requirements face dangerous situations
Ⅴ.1.Because the near absence of gravity makes them lose muscle and bone mass and going to the gym helps prevent this problem.
2．exercise equipment floating around
Ⅵ.1.They watch the earth go by，take pictures and enjoy the sunrise.
2．B
3．B
Step 4
1.challenging 2.that 3.ourselves 4.occupying 5.extremely 6.which 7.to eat 8.importance 9.is 10.To
Step 5
1．复合 非限制性定语 定语 sleeping bags 我们通常睡在独立的睡眠区，更像是大的橱柜，或者睡在固定在墙上或者天花板上的睡袋里。
2．并列 so 状语 空间站里发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
3．复合 非限制性定语 spacesuits 保护……免受……的危害 首先，我们穿上太空服，它们可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。
4．复合 让步状语 虽然，尽管 部分 比较状语 尽管地球上的景色美妙绝伦，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
5．复合 定语 最高级 伴随状语 在闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他的工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的地球经过，拍下照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is common knowledge that wood will f on the water.
2．Please help me buy two __________(管) of toothpaste on your way back home.
3．Because of the absence of g ，the astronauts have to attach themselves in space.
4．The piece of furniture can serve both as a __________(橱柜) and as a table.
5．These measures have played a __________(极重要的) role in reviving the economy.
6．Don’t __________(花费时间精力) to help him and he will be able to manage the mission.
7．How to e the statue’s value was troubling the experts in this research center.
8．With summer coming，there are many big __________(蚊子) flying around the depth of the valley.
9．Staring at the broken __________(天花板)，one of my nieces decided to make her way to the next hotel for accommodation.
10．It was reported that the plane hit the mountain，killing all the passengers and the c .
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．One of my colleagues was __________ from an important meeting，and as a result，he was dismissed for his __________.(absent)
2．A person’s contributions and mistakes can only be __________ by others，whose __________ is relatively fair.(evaluate)
3．Machines need to be __________ regularly because careful __________ can extend their life.(maintain)
4．Do limit your __________ to the sun.Being __________ to the sun too long will get your skin burnt.(expose)
5．The scientist is devoted to his __________.He is __________ in his research day and night，and doesn’t have time to go on holiday to relax himself.(occupy)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．______________________________，he opened the door.(现在分词作伴随状语)
他从口袋里掏出钥匙，开了门。
2．____________________，he makes little progress.(as引导让步状语从句)
尽管他努力学习，但几乎没有取得什么进步。
3．Most animals ______________________________________________.(protect...from...)
大多数动物用皮毛保护自己免受日晒。
4．How beautiful she sings！____________________________________.(否定词＋比较级)
她唱得多美啊！我从没听过这么好的声音。
absence n．缺乏；不存在；缺席 (absent adj.不在的，缺席的；心不在焉的)
in/during the absence of sb＝in/during one’s absence某人不在时 absence of mind 心不在焉 be absent from...不参加……；缺席……
(1)That something unexpected happened came down to my __________(absent)．
(2)Tom was absent __________ the barbecue because he was afraid of exposure to the sun.
(3)______________________________ nearly caused a traffic accident.
他驾车时心不在焉，差点酿成一场交通事故。
bother vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难
bother to do/doing sth费心做某事 bother sb with/about sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人 It bothers sb that...使某人苦恼的是……，使某人生气的是……
(1)Don’t bother _______________(find) for accommodation for me.I plan to stay at my uncle’s.
(2)I’m sorry to bother you ____________ so many questions on such an occasion.
(3)__________________________________________________，and he trembled with anger.
使男孩苦恼的是他不能自由地使用自己的薪水，他因生气而颤抖着。
occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于(occupied adj.忙于……的；从事……的；使用中的 occupation n．占领；职业；工作)
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth忙于某事；专心做某事 be occupied (in) doing sth忙于做某事 be occupied with sth从事/忙于某事
(1)It is good manners not to bother others when they ______________(occupy) with their work.
(2)Please state your name，age and __________(occupy) on the application form.
(3)He would have attended your birthday party，but he occupied himself __________ his hockey training.
(4)She occupied herself in doing housework all day，so she was tired out.
→________________________________________，she was tired out.(现在分词短语作状语)
→____________________________________，she was tired out.(过去分词短语作状语)
exposure n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道 [expose vt.使暴露(于险境)；揭露，使曝光]
expose...to...把……暴露在……，使……接触…… expose oneself to...使某人接触……；使某人暴露于…… be exposed to接触……；暴露于……
(1)Exposing the children __________ foreign cultures can make them cast new light on foreign customs.
(2)We should expose __________(we) to as many new ideas and concepts as possible.
(3)______________________________ can help you cast new light of its beauty.
让自己多接触大自然能帮助你更进一步了解大自然的美。
(4)The longer ___________________________，the more likely you will suffer from skin cancer.
皮肤暴露在阳光下的时间越长，你患皮肤癌的可能性就越大。
in view of 鉴于，考虑到
in one’s view在某人看来，某人认为 come into view呈现在眼前；映入眼帘 view...as...视……为……
(1)He is viewed ________ one of the most famous and greatest astronauts in China.
(2)________ my view，discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment.
(3)考虑到天气，我们将取消此次郊游。
______________________________________________________________________
as 引导让步状语从句
教材原句 Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。(P17)
句中as意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，句子为部分倒装形式。常见形式： 形容词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分 副词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分 单数可数名词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分 动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分
(1)Challenging __________ the mission is，we will fulfill it on time.
(2)__________(heavy) as it was raining outside，that didn’t stop their departure.
(3)Although they tried hard，they couldn’t make her change her mind.
→____________________，they couldn’t make her change her mind.
(4)______________________________，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse.
尽管她累得疲惫不堪，她还是设法用她的黄色衬衫做了一面旗子。
That’s why...
教材原句 That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.那就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。(P17)
That/This is why...表示“那/这就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句。 This/That is because...这/那是因为……，because引导表语从句。 The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(reason作主语，that引导表语从句)
(1)He overslept this morning and that’s ________ he was late for work.
(2)Seen from space，the earth looks blue.This is __________ about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
(3)The reason ______________________________ not only can I improve my English，but I can also broaden my horizon.
我喜欢读“Youth”的原因是我不仅可以提高英语，而且可以拓宽我的视野。
Ⅰ.一词多义
gravity A.重力，地球引力 B．严重性 C．严肃
1．In my view，you don’t realize the gravity of the situation.______
2．Even children must behave with gravity at a funeral.______
3．When on the moon，we lose the gravity of the earth.______
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．The government should set a ceiling on the price of daily necessities.__________
2．Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media.__________
Period 2
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ.1.float 2.tubes 3.gravity 4.cupboard 5.vital 6.bother 7.evaluate 8.mosquito(e)s 9.ceiling 10.crew
Ⅱ.1.absent absence 2.evaluated evaluation 3.maintained maintenance 4.exposure exposed 5.occupation occupied
Ⅲ.1.Taking a key out of his pocket
2．Hard as he works
3．protect themselves from the sun with fur
4．I have never heard a better voice
核心考点突破
1．(1)absence (2)from (3)His absence of mind while driving
2．(1)to find/finding (2)with/about (3)It bothered the boy that he can’t use his salary freely
3．(1)are occupied (2)occupation (3)with (4)Occupying herself in doing housework all day Occupied in doing housework all day
4．(1)to (2)ourselves (3)Exposing yourself to the nature (4)the skin is exposed to sunlight
5．(1)as (2)In (3)In view of the weather，we will cancel the outing.
6．(1)as (2)Heavily (3)Hard as they tried (4)Tired and exhausted as she was
7．(1)why (2)because (3)why I like reading Youth is that
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.A
Ⅱ.1.上限 2.报道Period 4 Integrated skills
教材听力训练(见课堂授课课件)
Activity 1 细节把握
Look at the comic strip about aliens and try to do the exercises.
1．When and where did the story happen
____________________________________________________________2．How many people are there in the comic strip
____________________________________________________________Activity 2 文章架构
Look at the comic strip and fill in the table.
Setting
Characters
Plot
Activity 3 增分靓句
When describing the story，you can use these sentences：
1．Sometimes I dream about meeting an alien.However，one day，...
2．I got on the UFO with the alien and it took me to the dark space...
Activity 4 写作模板
We can use the following outline when describing the story.
本单元的写作任务是写一篇有关外星人的故事，属于故事类文章。在写作时，需要注意按照时间顺序进行写作，且设置合理的情节。
篇章结构
第一段：介绍故事发生的背景。
第二段：介绍故事中的主要人物以及故事情节。
第三段：介绍故事的结局。
注意事项
1．这是一篇小故事，写作时注意故事的写作特点。
2．以一般过去时为主。
3．以第三人称为主。
常用表达
1. When he/she heard.../On hearing.../As soon as he/she heard.../When the news reached...
2．When he/she saw this.../At the sight of.../Seeing this...
3．He/She was doing...when.../He/She was about to do...when.../He/She had just done...when...
4．He/She was surprised to find...
5．Long long ago，there lived a man who was called...
6．...happens to...
7．It is quite likely/possible/probable that...
请根据教材P23 Part B 的漫画内容写一篇有关外星人的小故事。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步 审题谋篇
审题
写作要求是写有关外星人的小故事，写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇小故事。写作时注意故事的写作特点。
2．主体时态：以一般过去时为主。
3．主体人称：以第三人称为主。
谋篇
第一段：介绍故事发生的背景。
第二段：介绍故事中的主要人物以及故事情节。
第三段：介绍故事的结局。
第二步 遣词造句
[核心词汇](含本单元词汇)
1．一条荒芜的街道 ________________
2．一种奇怪的声音 ________________
3．令人害怕的 ______________
4．僵住的 ______________
5．手拉手 ______________
6．飘动，漂流；浮 ______________
7．在友好的氛围中 ____________________
[连词成句]
1．一天晚上，保罗正在一条荒芜的街道上走着。
One night，Paul was walking _______________________________________________________.
2．就在那时，他听到从漆黑的天空中传来一种奇怪的声音。
At that time he ____________________________________________________________3．他非常害怕，只能僵在那里，什么也做不了。
He was very frightened and he could do nothing ________________________________________.
4．虽然保罗浑身发抖，但他还是好奇地接受了外星人的邀请。
Although Paul was trembling，_______________________________________________________.
5．在友好的氛围中，他们谈论了许多关于太空的话题。
They talked a lot about space _______________________________________________________.
第三步 句式升级
1．用be doing...when...连接句1和句2。
____________________________________________________________2．用so...that...结构改写句3。
____________________________________________________________3．用倒装句改写句4。
____________________________________________________________第四步 组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。
范文赏读
One night，Paul was walking on a deserted street when he heard a strange noise from the dark sky.He looked up to see what was going on，a UFO!
With green skin and green eyes，a short alien that looked strange and scary just came out.He was so frightened that he could do nothing but stand there，frozen.“Don’t be frightened，my Earth friend.Now，I’m taking you to a new place.” Trembling as Paul was，he accepted the alien’s invitation curiously.They got on the UFO hand in hand.They were flying in the sky，with other planets floating around them.How fun！They talked a lot about space in a friendly atmosphere.
Half an hour later，they came back to the Earth and then the UFO flew away.What an unforgettable experience!
假定你是李华，上周五的一个夜晚，你在回家的路上偶遇了外星人，你的好朋友Tom对此事很感兴趣，请你给Tom写一封信介绍一下这件事。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
Period 4
细读文本
Activity 1
1．It happened in the evening in a park.
2．Two.A boy and an alien.
Activity 2
Setting One spring evening in the park next to Paul’s house
Characters Paul，a boy，and Alf，a grey alien
Plot Paul hears a noise in the park next to his house and goes to investigate.When he arrives，he sees a silver object land in the park that looks like a spaceship.Suddenly，the door opens and a strange looking being exits the object.The being is a grey colour and Paul realizes it is an alien.The alien tells Paul that he will take him to a new place.Paul is not afraid because the alien is friendly，so he enters the spaceship.Paul and the alien fly into outer space in the silver spaceship to travel to another planet in the universe.
Activity 4
1．A boy sees an alien coming out of a UFO
2．The boy goes to the outer space with the alien
4．How is the conflict solved
5．How does the story end
写作实践
第二步 遣词造句
核心词汇
1．a deserted street 2.a strange noise 3.scary 4.frozen 5．hand in hand 6.float 7.in a friendly atmosphere
连词成句
1．on a deserted street
2．heard a strange noise from the dark sky
3．but stand there，frozen
4．he accepted the alien’s invitation curiously
5．in a friendly atmosphere
第三步 句式升级
1．One night，Paul was walking on a deserted street when he heard a strange noise from the dark sky.
2．He was so frightened that he could do nothing but stand there，frozen.
3．Trembling as Paul was，he accepted the alien’s invitation curiously.
达标检测
参考范文
Dear Tom，
I’m writing to tell you something about my encounter with an alien.
Last Friday，I was walking home at about 11 pm when I found a huge round object flying in the sky.After a few seconds，it landed on the ground in front of me.To my great astonishment，an alien walked out of it.The alien had one big eye，four arms and four legs.Just at that moment，the alien noticed me and disappeared with its UFO.
Even today，I can’t believe what happened that day.
Yours，
Li HuaPeriod 5 Extended reading—Reading comprehension
Ⅰ.匹配单词
1．origin A．happening all the time or repeatedly
2．motive B．a reason for doing sth
3．frequency C．the reporting of news and sport in newspapers and on the radio and television
4．coverage D．the fact of having a place to live or stay，considered as a basic human need
5．shelter E．the point from which sth starts；the cause of sth
6．constant F．the rate at which sth happens or is repeated
Ⅱ.选词填空
a huge amount of，make sense of，make contributions to，set up，a variety of
1．The sentence is so complex that I can not ______________ it.
2．Everyone should spare no effort to ____________________ the development of our country.
3．We __________ the new alarm system in the offices of the company for safety.
4．We grow ____________ crops in our back yard，including cabbages，tomatoes and potatoes.
5．He has invested ____________________ money in stock market so far.
Step 1 速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What’s the main idea of the text
A．The reasons for exploring space.
B．The space industry brings great economic value.
C．Space exploration is difficult and dangerous.
D．Curiosity drives people to explore space.
Ⅱ.悉层次结构
Read the text quickly to match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A．It is human’s nature to explore.
Para.2 B．Why do human beings continue to explore space despite visible disadvantages
Para.3 C．The space industry brings great economic value.
Para.4 D．Exploring space improves people’s understanding of the universe.
Para.5 E．Technologies used for space exploration make people’s lives safer and easier.
Para.6 F．Exploring space provides education and inspiration for the next generation.
Step 2 细读——逐段获取细节
Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．Why Neil Armstrong’s first landing on the Moon is mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To lead to the topic of the passage.
B．To show the difficulties in space exploration.
C．To show the fast development of science and technology.
D．To inform readers of some facts about space exploration.
2．Which is NOT the function of the rhetorical question “Why do we continue to explore space，then？”
A．To indicate that the author wants to talk about the reasons why people keep exploring the space.
B．To introduce the following paragraphs.
C．To encourage us to think about the problem critically.
D．To inform us that space exploration is very challenging and risky.
Ⅱ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercise.
What can we infer from Stephen Hawking’s words
A．Humans have been tired of space exploration.
B．To travel beyond space is puzzling humans.
C．Keeping curious is fundamental in space exploration.
D．Watching the stars is a free activity for humans.
Ⅲ.Read Para.3 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．Which word or phrase has the similar meaning to the word “address” in paragraph 3
A．Ask. B．Deal with.
C．Write letters to. D．Give a speech.
2．How did we confirm that the earth is round and that it orbits the Sun
A．By measuring.
B．By observing.
C．Through our research into space.
D．By landing on the Moon.
Ⅳ.Read Para.4 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．How does the author show the wide application of space exploration
A．By making a comparison.
B．By giving a definition.
C．By listing examples.
D．By citing statistics.
2．What does “This” refer to in the last sentence
A．The problems of space exploration.
B．The disadvantages of space exploration.
C．The development of space exploration.
D．The benefits space exploration can bring us.
Ⅴ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercises.
1．Why does the author say space exploration helps to gain great economic value
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．How does the author support his viewpoint in this paragraph
A．By making a comparison.
B．By giving a definition.
C．By listing examples.
D．By citing statistics.
Ⅵ.Read Para.6 carefully and do the following exercise.
What’s the biggest reason for humanity to explore space
A．Bringing more employment for humans.
B．Providing more information technology.
C．Bringing great economic value.
D．Providing education and inspiration for the next generation.
Ⅶ.Read the whole passage and do the following exercises.
1．Where is the text taken from
A．A newspaper. B．A magazine.
C．A guidebook. D．A novel.
2．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of space exploration
A．Favourable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
3．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how to explore space.
B．To tell a story of space exploration.
C．To present the reasons for space exploration.
D．To inspire the next generation to explore space.
4．What’s the structure of the text？(P＝paragraph)
Step 3 读后——讨论深度理解
1．The article talks about the advantages of space exploration.Do you agree or disagree with the author’s opinion？Why？(Critical thinking)
2．What do you think the future of space exploration holds for human understanding？(Creative thinking)
Step 4 总结——课文语法填空
Why we explore
When Neil Armstrong first 1.__________(land) on the Moon in 1969，many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system.However，the reality is that space exploration is 2.__________(extreme) difficult and dangerous，can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.Why do we continue to explore space，then
It is in our nature 3.__________(explore)．From the very early days of human life on the Earth，our curiosity about the unknown has kept us 4.__________(adventure) into new places.The results of these space investigations have made major contributions 5.__________ an understanding of the origin，evolution，and likely future of the universe.6.__________ is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.As we learn more about the universe，we may one day answer the question 7.__________ there is life on other planets.With technologies first researched and 8.__________(develop) for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.
Although space exploration demands huge investment，the space industry can actually bring great 9.__________(economy) value.Moreover，the amazing work these people do can provide education and 10.__________(inspire) for the next generation.
Step 5 解读——长句难句分析
1．Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe，it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.
[句式分析] 本句为__________句。that引导的是__________从句；while引导的是__________从句；enhance意为“__________”。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2．With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.
[句式分析] 本句为__________句。With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration 作__________；facing mankind 作__________，修饰名词__________；making our lives safer and easier作__________。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3．Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.
[句式分析] 本句为__________句。主干为 ______________________________；applied to the space shuttle launch为过去分词短语作__________，修饰____________________；with a high frequency of earthquakes作后置定语，修饰__________；in order to...作__________。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
4．It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.
[句式分析] 本句为__________句。主句部分含有强调句，强调主语________________________；__________和__________作并列谓语；第二个that引导的宾语从句作动词__________的宾语。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Period 5
读前清障
Ⅰ.1.E 2.B 3.F 4.C 5.D 6.A
Ⅱ.1.make sense of 2.make contributions to 3.set up 4.a variety of 5.a huge amount of
精读课文
Step 1
Ⅰ.A
Ⅱ.Para.1 B Para.2 A Para.3 D Para.4 E Para.5 C Para.6 F
Step 2
Ⅰ.1.A 2.D Ⅱ.C
Ⅲ.1.B 2.C
Ⅳ.1.C 2.D
Ⅴ.1.Because space exploration has the feature of increasing space economy and provides a variety of job opportunities for astronauts，engineers，mechanics and research assistants.
2．D
Ⅵ.D
Ⅶ.1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A
Step 4
1．landed 2.extremely 3.to explore 4.adventuring 5.to 6.It 7.whether 8.developed 9.economic 10.inspiration
Step 5
1．复合 宾语 让步状语 提高 有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。
2．简单 状语 定语 problems 结果状语 依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决人类面临的一些重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。
3．简单 Shock absorbers have also been set up in the cities 后置定语 Shock absorbers cities 目的状语 最早应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器，也已经被安装在地震频发的城市里，用以保护建筑和拯救生命。
4．复合 this kind of inspiration keeps ensures ensures 也正是这种激励，使我们始终保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一直取得进步。Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts—Language points
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A thief stole his __________(钱包) so he doesn’t have any money now.
2．As is known，many words in the English language are French in __________(起源)．
3．An I in knowledge always pays the best interest.
4．At no time and in no circumstances will China be the first to use __________(核能的) weapons.
5．It is __________(预测) that the investment is a success and has made profits.
6．Can you tell me the origin of this famous __________(故事) at the present time
7．Their __________(动机) for moving into the valley differ from person to person.
8．I hid myself inside the cupboard in the __________(住处) and watched intently everything outside.
9．The news that the astronauts successfully returned to the Earth has received wide c in the press.
10．With no one living in the room for 10 years，everything is covered with a thick layer of __________(灰尘)．
Ⅱ.词形变化填空
1．This word __________ from a Latin word and the __________ meaning is quite different from what it is today.(origin)
2．As a result of __________ smoking，the __________ of his cough is increasing，and he coughs __________.(frequent)
3．Many ________ are still cautious of their ________ in this area，because they don’t want their ________ money to be lost.(invest)
4．Through __________ innovation of many years，the company has improved its product quality __________.(constant)
5．Tom is an __________ teacher in the college.He often __________ the students with their problems and gives __________ to any student in need.(assist)
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．____________________ that she was robbed of 800,000 yuan.(强调句)
就在那家银行，她被抢走了80万元。
2．The snow lasted a week，__________________________________ in the whole area.(现在分词作结果状语)
雪下了一个星期，造成整个地区严重的交通混乱。
3．________________________，I do not have much time available.(while)
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。
4．As a friend of yours，__________________________.(what引导宾语从句)
作为你的朋友，我想把听到的事告诉你。
assistant n．助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的 (assist vt.帮助，协助；援助 assistance n．帮助，援助)
assist sb with sth帮助某人某事 assist sb to do sth帮助某人做某事 assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事 come to one’s assistance援助某人，帮助某人
(1)He is a skilled __________ and when I’m busy，he always comes to my __________ instantly.(assist)
(2)I wonder who will be eager to assist us __________ the group’s work during the absence of us.
(3)我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。
①I think it is my duty to ____________________ the housework.
②I think it is my duty to ____________________ the housework.
③I think it is my duty to ____________________ the housework.
shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避
under the shelter of在……的庇护下 shelter...from...保护……免遭…… shelter from躲避(风雨或危险)
(1)Only __________ the shelter of the laws can people really enjoy equality.
(2)The trees can shelter people in this area __________ sandstorm.
(3)(读后续写之情感描写)Home is the warmest place in the world，where we can ______________.家是世界上最温暖的地方，在那里我们可以躲避风雨。
make sense of 理解；弄懂
make no sense没道理；没意义 make sense讲得通；有意义 in a sense从某种意义上来说 in no sense决不；绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序) There is no sense in (doing) sth.[口语](做)某事是没有道理/意义的。
(1)Furthermore，there is no sense in __________(complain)．We should take action now.
(2)It is crucial to explain your theory at length，otherwise the audience won’t make sense __________ what you are trying to get across.
(3)You should in no sense give in；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
→__________________________；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(倒装句)
while 的用法
教材原句 Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe，it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。(P25)
该句为复合句，while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。 while的用法：
(1)I created a way to get my message across while __________(use) as few words as possible.
(2)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books __________ the magazines serve as reading materials.
(3)____________________ before the wolf realized that he couldn’t catch Mac.
过了好一会儿，狼才意识到它不能抓住马克。
(4)______________________________________________，too much stress can exhaust you.
虽然适度的压力是有益的，但太大的压力会让你筋疲力尽。
it is likely that...
教材原句 For example，liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel，and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass produced and launched in the near future.例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。(P26)
it is likely that...表示“……是可能的”，此句型可转化为sb/sth be likely to do...“某人/物可能做……”。 其他表示“……可能……”的句型：
(1)If you can find suitable learning methods，your learning efficiency is likely ____________ (improve)．
(2)It is likely __________ all existing models will be replaced by new design.
(3)那个男孩有可能会在绘画方面取得成功。
①________________________________________________________________________(likely)
②____________________________________________________________________________________________(likely)
③_________________________________________________________________________________________(probable)
④______________________________________________________________________(possible)
Ⅰ.一词多义
shuttle A.n.航天飞机 B．n.来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车) C．vi.频繁往来(于两地之间)
1．To get across town，you can take the shuttle from Times Square to Grand Central.______
2．Her childhood was spent shuttling between her mother and father.______
3．The space shuttle took five astronauts to the space station.______
Ⅱ.熟词生义
The number of cars in Chinese cities has rocketed in recent years.________________________
Period 6
基础知识巩固
Ⅰ.1.purse 2.origin 3.investment 4.nuclear 5.calculated 6.tale 7.motives 8.shelter 9.coverage 10.dust
Ⅱ.1.originated original 2.frequent frequency frequently 3．investors investment invested 4.constant constantly 5.assistant assists assistance
Ⅲ.1.It was in the bank
2．resulting in a serious traffic confusion
3．While I am willing to help
4．I want to tell you what I hear
核心考点突破
1．(1)assistant assistance (2)with (3)①assist my mother with ②assist my mother to do ③assist my mother in doing
2．(1)under (2)from (3)shelter from the wind and rain
3．(1)complaining (2)of (3)In no sense should you give in
4．(1)using (2)while (3)It was quite a while (4)While a moderate amount of stress can be beneficial
5．(1)to be improved (2)that (3)①The boy is likely to achieve success in painting. ②It is likely that the boy will achieve success in painting. ③It is probable that the boy will achieve success in painting. ④It is possible for the boy to achieve success in painting./It is possible that the boy will achieve success in painting.
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.A
Ⅱ.vi.快速增长，猛增
