济宁市育才中学2023 级高一下学期开学考
英语试题
注意事项：
1．满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
3．选择题答案必须用铅笔涂在答题卡上，非选择题答案请用黑色签字笔填到答题卡上的相应位置。考试结束，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the man do last weekend
A．He exercised at a gym．
B．He designed a building．
C．He took part in a competition．
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A company． B．A job position． C．An interview．
3．How much will the woman pay
A．$180． B．$720． C．$900．
4．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a gas station． B．In a supermarket． C．In a bookshop．
5．What is the best season for a visit
A．Autumn． B．Summer． C．Spring．
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What are the speakers dissatisfied with about the restaurant
A The price． B．The service． C．The food．
7．When will the film start
A．At 6:00． B．At 7:15． C．At 7:30．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What seems to bother Tom
A．Clare laughed at him．
B．Clare didn’t return his photos.
C．Clare failed to keep her words．
9．How does Tom feel about Clare
A．Embarrassed． B．Angry． C．Ashamed．
10．What does the woman suggest Tom do
A．Talk to Clare． B．Have a good rest． C．Share photos with Justin．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is the matter with the man
A．He is under much pressure．
B．He suffers rapid weight loss．
C．He has a headache frequently．
12．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Stop smoking． B．Take more exercise． C．Drink less．
13．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues． B．Doctor and patient． C．Friends．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Why does the man hesitate to hire the woman
A．She never serves big parties before．
B．He thinks she can only cook vegetables．
C．The payment she demanded is too high．
15．What activity is the man planning
A．A private dinner party． B．A food exhibition． C．A charity event．
16．What does the woman think of the food she makes
A．Special． B．Simple C．Traditional．
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．When did the previous fair usually take place
A．On October 5th． B．On October 10th． C．On October 15th．
18．What is the requirement for filling out the report form
A．It can be an electronic copy．
B．It should be signed by parents．
C．It must be in the child’s handwriting．
19．How should the children show their parks
A．By playing videos． B．by using posters． C．By making models．
20．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Parents． B．Students． C．Teachers．
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文．从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Between 1901 and 2023, the Nobel Prizes and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 621 times to 1,000 people and organizations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 965 individuals and 27 organizations. Below, you can view the full list of 2023 Nobel Prizes and Nobel Prize winners.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023
Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier “for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses (脉冲) of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter”
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023
Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman “for their discoveries concerning DNA that enabled the development of effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023
Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov “for the discovery and combination of quantum dots (量子点)”
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2023
Jon Fosse “for his innovative works which give voice to the unsayable”
The Nobel Peace Prize 2023
Narges Mohammadi “for her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all”
The Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 2023
Claudia Goldin “for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes”
For further information, you can click here.
1. Whose achievement directly contributes to people’s heath
A. Pierre Agostini. B. Katalin Karikó. C. Alexei I. Ekimov. D. Jon Fosse.
2. What do the last two winners have in common
A. They make breakthroughs in scientific field.
B. They show concern for women’s condition.
C. They conduct their research in Asian countries.
D. They fight for the freedom of working women.
3. Where is the article probably taken from
A. A science website. B. A literary magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A science textbook.
B
Phil Wise’s heart raced as he opened one of the transport tubes. He and a team of scientists stepped back as a young Tasmanian devil(袋獾) named Oddity came out. Oddity took a cautious look around and then ran into the forest on Maria Island.
Wise is a wildlife biologist from the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. The scientists working with this program study Tasmanian devils, monitor their health, and track the devils found in the wild. Because a rare disease is reducing the number of devils, Oddity and 14 others were raised on a preserve and then brought to Maria Island to be released into the wild.
Though they are raised in zoos all over the world, devils live wild only in Tasmania. They are important to the ecosystem because they eat dead animals they find, which helps clean up the environment. But a cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) is killing devils on mainland Tasmania, endangering the species. The goal of the scientists who released Oddity and the others was to create a population of disease-free Tasmanian devils on Maria Island. Oddity is a part of this “insurance population” of devils raised in zoos and wildlife preserves.
The scientists chose Maria Island for the release because there is no DFTD there. It is separated from mainland Tasmania by the ocean. Devils from the rest of Tasmania can’t get there, which prevents the facial disease from spreading.
Wise and his fellow scientists monitored Oddity and the 14 other Tasmanian devils. The animals did so well that 13 more devils were released. The 28 original Tasmanian devils have reproduced; there are now around 80 devils. Scientists are now figuring out their next move. According to Wise, the focus will soon shift to moving some of the healthy devils back to mainland Tasmania.
Wise says he is “extremely happy to know that animals are getting a chance to be free in the wild in an area that is free of DFTD. It is the ultimate aim of all who work to conserve threatened species.”
4. Why did Wise and his team release the Tasmanian devils like Oddity
A. To prevent DFTD killing them out. B. To find out a treatment for DFTD.
C. To control the DFTD spread in zoos. D. To protect Maria Island from DFTD.
5. What probably made Maria Island chosen for the release
A. Its wildlife diversity. B. Its geographic location.
C. Its natural resources. D. Its improved ecosystem.
6. How was the released Tasmanian devils’ life
A. Their safety was uncertain. B. Their number was going up.
C They hardly enjoyed freedom. D. They recovered from DFTD.
7 What does the text mainly talk about
A. A program studying Tasmanian devils. B. A disease threatening Tasmanian devils.
C. A measure to save Tasmanian devils. D. A habitat of wild Tasmanian devils.
C
Wouldn’t it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language
In a recent Wall Street Journal article, technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that, within ten years or so, we would be able to communicate with one another through small earpieces with built-in microphones. That’s because technological progress is extremely fast. It’s only a matter of time. Such is the belief among certain parents that the technology is imminent and they’re wondering if their kids should learn a second language.
It’s true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers will make them cleverer at translating “Noes Bueno dormer mucho” into “It’s not good to sleep too much”. Replacing a word with its equivalent (对等词) in the target language is actually the easy part of a translator’s job. But even this seems to be a difficult job for computers.
It’s so hard for computers because translation doesn’t — or shouldn’t — involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it’s about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, people need to understand a lot of information all at once. Think about all the related clues that help us understand what someone is trying to say: volume, gesture, situations, and even your culture. All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use.
Therefore, we should doubt a machine that can’t understand our world like we do. If people from different cultures can upset each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and interpreting meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place.
8. What does the underlined word “imminent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Ready. B. Confusing. C. Unpractical. D. Coming.
9. Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent
A. The real meaning of words can vary.
B. Their data is not rich enough.
C. Their accuracy needs big improvement.
D. A man’s soul hasn’t been breathed in them.
10. What view does the author hold about translation
A. Proper translation can be difficult for computers.
B. Slight differences doesn’t matter in translation.
C. Machines will translate our world properly.
D. Cultures need more attention than words used.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. An Expert’s Prediction. B. Travel without Headache.
C. The Pleasure of Translation. D. Will the Language Barrier (障碍) Actually Fall
D
NASA’s Lunar Flashlight (the CubeSat), a small satellite, was launched on Dec. 1, 2022, to demonstrate several new technologies, with the goal to map ice near the Moon’s South Pole. Since then, the briefcase-size satellite’s propulsion （推进） system—the first of its kind ever flown—proved unable to generate enough force to get into lunar orbit, despite months of effort by the operations team. Because the CubeSat cannot complete operations to stay in the Earth-Moon system, NASA has called an end to the mission （任务）.
NASA relies on technology demonstrations to fill specific knowledge gaps and to test new technologies. Used for the first time beyond Earth’s orbit, Lunar Flashlight’s propulsion system and green fuel were such demonstrations. Although the propulsion system was unable to produce the desired force, the newly developed propulsion system components went beyond performance expectations.
“Technology demonstrations are, by their nature, high risk and high reward, and they’re essential for NASA to test and learn,” said Christopher Baker, the program executive. “Lunar Flashlight was successful from the standpoint of being a testbed for new systems that had never flown in space before. Those systems, and the lessons Lunar Flashlight taught us, will be used for future missions.”
The mission’s four-laser reflectometer, a science instrument that had never flown before, either, also tested successfully, giving the mission’s science team confidence that the laser would have been able to detect ice if it were present at the lunar surface.
“It’s disappointing for the science team, and for the whole Lunar Flashlight team, that we won’t be able to use our laser reflectometer to make measurements on the Moon,” said Barbara Cohen, the mission’s principal investigator. “But like all the other systems, we collected a lot of in-flight performance data on the instrument that will be incredibly valuable to future application of this technique.”
12. What is the goal of the CubeSat
A. To get into lunar orbit. B. To seek out ice on the Moon.
C. To obtain green energy. D. To test the propulsion system.
13. Why did NASA end the mission
A. The team lost its contact. B. The system ran out of fuel.
C The target was achieved. D. The satellite was in trouble.
14. What does Christopher Baker mean about Lunar Flashlight
A. It is highly significant. B. It will be started soon. C. It is a complete failure. D. It poses a major risk.
15. What is Barbara Cohen’s attitude towards the mission
A. Unclear. B. Disapproving. C. Positive. D. Cautious.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step.____16____ You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
____17____ If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. ____18____ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. Don’t allow your fear to get the best of you, or you’re never going to forgive yourself. _____19_____It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push.
Sometimes, following your dreams means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight changes to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice(牺牲)everything to follow your hearts. ____20____ If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown.
A. Ask yourself what would be worse.
B. Starting small is completely acceptable.
C. Only you can help yourself go after your dreams.
D. New opportunities might contribute to personal growth.
E. Try to strike a balance between your present life and your dreams.
F. You need to move forward confidently and explore yourself fully and deeply.
G. Hard as it is, it’s extremely important to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandmother is the woman who plays a significant（重大的）role in my life.It’s particularly ____21____ because this is the first year of my life that she hasn’t been with us, but she continues to ____22____ me in so many ways．
She was a（n）____23____ grandmother. She was the ____24____ of our family. She grew up in an era when women were not expected to have ____25____, but having left school in her teens due to poverty, she worked day and night to ____26____ a business with my grandfather, managing to save enough money to send my father to a good school．
She was famous for her ____27____, so everyone loved her cakes. She always got involved in social life and ____28____, spending 50 years of her life working for their local village committee. She ____29____ good memories, saying how she would keep them in her mind and get them out whenever she wanted the pleasure of recalling the past. She wouldn’t focus on _____30_____, though, saying that it doesn’t do good to look back too much.
We live in a time when women are _____31_____ to have it all. My grandmother, born in the 1920s, had it all before it was fashionable. The _____32_____, however, was that she never made it about her. She _____33_____ her life to other people and kept positive（积极的，肯定的）because of it．
She _____34_____ me to seek the good, not pay much attention to the bad and take an interest in something _____35_____.Thank you, Granny.
21.
A. sad B. free C. special D. easy
22.
A. remind B. hurt C. influence D. shock
23.
A. humorous B. advanced C. curious D. selfless
24.
A. servant B. center C. origin D. volunteer
25.
A names B. education C. careers D. wealth
26.
A. establish B. approach C. reserve D. control
27.
A. taste B. design C. cooking D. training
28.
A. backed down B. helped out C. broke down D. stood out
29.
A. treasured B. erased C. produced D. upgraded
30.
A. relationship B. hardship C. leadership D. friendship
31.
A. scheduled B. forced C. chosen D. expected
32.
A. difference B. character C. possibility D. process
33.
A. addicted B. compared C. quit D. contributed
34.
A. troubled B. threatened C. shaped D. promised
35.
A. valuable B. positive C. strange D. terrible
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷土写出空缺处单词的正确形式．每空一词。
36. If you have any question, you can c _______ me either by e-mail or by WeChat．(根据首字母单词拼写)
37. Every summer vacation, many students line up to visit the c_______ of Peking University. (根据首字母单词拼写)
38. How many countries c________in the ancient Olympic Games (根据首字母单词拼写)
39. It is said that only two people s________ the plane crash. (根据首字母单词拼写)
40. She was so tired that she didn’t have the s_______ to walk any further．(根据首字母单词拼写)
41. There is no simple _______ (解决方法)to this problem．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
42. When he got there, the _______ (多样性)of the wildlife there surprised him．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43. More heat energy trapped in the atmosphere causes the _______ (全球的) temperature to go up．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
44. I am ________________(自信的) that everything will come out right in time. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
45. The hotel _______ (提醒)me of the one we stayed in last year．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第三节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. （适当形式填空）
47. I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of _______ are kind and nice．(用适当的词填空)
48. It’s helpful to put children in a situation________ they can see themselves differently. (用适当的词填空)
49. I was waiting for the green light at a crossing _______ a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car．(用适当的词填空)
50. It was not until she took off her glasses ________ I recognized her. （用适当的词填空）
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 假定你是校心理社（psychology club）社长李华，你的英国朋友James发邮件询问你校心理社的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 心理社简介；
2. 近期开展的一次活动；
3. 该活动的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear James,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that, she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________济宁市育才中学2023 级高一下学期开学考
英语试题
注意事项：
1．满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
3．选择题答案必须用铅笔涂在答题卡上，非选择题答案请用黑色签字笔填到答题卡上的相应位置。考试结束，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What did the man do last weekend
A．He exercised at a gym．
B．He designed a building．
C．He took part in a competition．
2．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A company． B．A job position． C．An interview．
3．How much will the woman pay
A．$180． B．$720． C．$900．
4．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a gas station． B．In a supermarket． C．In a bookshop．
5．What is the best season for a visit
A．Autumn． B．Summer． C．Spring．
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What are the speakers dissatisfied with about the restaurant
A The price． B．The service． C．The food．
7．When will the film start
A．At 6:00． B．At 7:15． C．At 7:30．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What seems to bother Tom
A．Clare laughed at him．
B．Clare didn’t return his photos.
C．Clare failed to keep her words．
9．How does Tom feel about Clare
A．Embarrassed． B．Angry． C．Ashamed．
10．What does the woman suggest Tom do
A．Talk to Clare． B．Have a good rest． C．Share photos with Justin．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is the matter with the man
A．He is under much pressure．
B．He suffers rapid weight loss．
C．He has a headache frequently．
12．What does the woman advise the man to do
A．Stop smoking． B．Take more exercise． C．Drink less．
13．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Colleagues． B．Doctor and patient． C．Friends．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Why does the man hesitate to hire the woman
A．She never serves big parties before．
B．He thinks she can only cook vegetables．
C．The payment she demanded is too high．
15．What activity is the man planning
A．A private dinner party． B．A food exhibition． C．A charity event．
16．What does the woman think of the food she makes
A．Special． B．Simple C．Traditional．
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．When did the previous fair usually take place
A．On October 5th． B．On October 10th． C．On October 15th．
18．What is the requirement for filling out the report form
A．It can be an electronic copy．
B．It should be signed by parents．
C．It must be in the child’s handwriting．
19．How should the children show their parks
A．By playing videos． B．by using posters． C．By making models．
20．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Parents． B．Students． C．Teachers．
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文．从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Between 1901 and 2023, the Nobel Prizes and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 621 times to 1,000 people and organizations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 965 individuals and 27 organizations. Below, you can view the full list of 2023 Nobel Prizes and Nobel Prize winners.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023
Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier “for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses (脉冲) of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter”
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023
Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman “for their discoveries concerning DNA that enabled the development of effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023
Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov “for the discovery and combination of quantum dots (量子点)”
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2023
Jon Fosse “for his innovative works which give voice to the unsayable”
The Nobel Peace Prize 2023
Narges Mohammadi “for her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all”
The Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 2023
Claudia Goldin “for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes”
For further information, you can click here.
1. Whose achievement directly contributes to people’s heath
A. Pierre Agostini. B. Katalin Karikó. C. Alexei I. Ekimov. D. Jon Fosse.
2. What do the last two winners have in common
A. They make breakthroughs in scientific field.
B. They show concern for women’s condition.
C. They conduct their research in Asian countries.
D. They fight for the freedom of working women.
3. Where is the article probably taken from
A. A science website. B. A literary magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A science textbook.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023部分中“Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman “for their discoveries concerning DNA that enabled the development of effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”(Katalin Kariko 和 Drew Weissman “发现有关DNA的东西，使开发针对COVID-19 的有效疫苗成为可能”)”可知，Katalin Karikó的成就直接有助于人类的健康，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nobel Peace Prize 2023中的“Narges Mohammadi “for her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all”(纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪“为反对伊朗妇女受到不公平和残酷待遇而进行的斗争以及为促进所有人的人权和自由而进行的斗争”)”和The Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 2023中的“Claudia Goldin “for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes”(克劳迪娅·戈尔丁“增进了我们对女性劳动力市场结果的理解”)”可知，最后两位获胜者的共同点是都关心女性的状况。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Below, you can view the full list of 2023 Nobel Prizes and Nobel Prize winners.(下面，您可以查看 2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。)”和最后一段“For further information, you can click here.(欲了解更多信息，您可以点击此处。)”可推知，文章可能选自一个科学网站，故选A。
B
Phil Wise’s heart raced as he opened one of the transport tubes. He and a team of scientists stepped back as a young Tasmanian devil(袋獾) named Oddity came out. Oddity took a cautious look around and then ran into the forest on Maria Island.
Wise is a wildlife biologist from the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. The scientists working with this program study Tasmanian devils, monitor their health, and track the devils found in the wild. Because a rare disease is reducing the number of devils, Oddity and 14 others were raised on a preserve and then brought to Maria Island to be released into the wild.
Though they are raised in zoos all over the world, devils live wild only in Tasmania. They are important to the ecosystem because they eat dead animals they find, which helps clean up the environment. But a cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD) is killing devils on mainland Tasmania, endangering the species. The goal of the scientists who released Oddity and the others was to create a population of disease-free Tasmanian devils on Maria Island. Oddity is a part of this “insurance population” of devils raised in zoos and wildlife preserves.
The scientists chose Maria Island for the release because there is no DFTD there. It is separated from mainland Tasmania by the ocean. Devils from the rest of Tasmania can’t get there, which prevents the facial disease from spreading.
Wise and his fellow scientists monitored Oddity and the 14 other Tasmanian devils. The animals did so well that 13 more devils were released. The 28 original Tasmanian devils have reproduced; there are now around 80 devils. Scientists are now figuring out their next move. According to Wise, the focus will soon shift to moving some of the healthy devils back to mainland Tasmania.
Wise says he is “extremely happy to know that animals are getting a chance to be free in the wild in an area that is free of DFTD. It is the ultimate aim of all who work to conserve threatened species.”
4. Why did Wise and his team release the Tasmanian devils like Oddity
A. To prevent DFTD killing them out. B. To find out a treatment for DFTD.
C. To control the DFTD spread in zoos. D. To protect Maria Island from DFTD.
5. What probably made Maria Island chosen for the release
A. Its wildlife diversity. B. Its geographic location.
C. Its natural resources. D. Its improved ecosystem.
6. How was the released Tasmanian devils’ life
A. Their safety was uncertain. B. Their number was going up.
C. They hardly enjoyed freedom. D. They recovered from DFTD.
7. What does the text mainly talk about
A. A program studying Tasmanian devils. B. A disease threatening Tasmanian devils.
C. A measure to save Tasmanian devils. D. A habitat of wild Tasmanian devils.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种为了防止袋獾因患病而灭绝而将少量袋獾放生到Maria Island的措施。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The goal of the scientists who released Oddity and the others was to create a population of disease-free Tasmanian devils on Maria Island. Oddity is a part of this “insurance population” of devils raised in zoos and wildlife preserves.（释放Oddity 和其他动物的科学家的目标是在Maria Island创造一个没有疾病的袋獾种群。Oddity是在动物园和野生动物保护区饲养长大的袋獾“保险人群”的一部分）”可知，Wise 和他的团队要释放像Oddity这样的袋獾就是为了防止DFTD杀死他们，进而保护它们。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“It is separated from mainland Tasmania by the ocean. Devils from the rest of Tasmania can’t get there, which prevents the facial disease from spreading.（它与塔斯马尼亚大陆隔海相望。来自塔斯马尼亚其他地方的袋獾无法到达那里，这就阻止了这种面部疾病的传播）”可知塔斯马尼亚大陆被选中为释放地主要就是因为它的地理位置。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The animals did so well that 13 more devils were released. The 28 original Tasmanian devils have reproduced; there are now around 80 devils.（这些动物表现得很好，因此又释放了13个袋獾。原来的28只袋獾繁殖了;现在大约有80个袋獾。）”可知，被释放的塔斯马尼亚袋獾数量在上升。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Wise is a wildlife biologist from the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program. The scientists working with this program study Tasmanian devils, monitor their health, and track the devils found in the wild.（Wise 是拯救塔斯马尼亚袋獾计划的野生生物学家。参与该项目的科学家研究塔斯马尼亚袋獾，监测其健康状况，并追踪在野外发现的袋獾。）”可知文章介绍了一种为了防止袋獾因患病而灭绝而将少量袋獾放生到Maria Island的措施。故选C。
C
Wouldn’t it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language
In a recent Wall Street Journal article, technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that, within ten years or so, we would be able to communicate with one another through small earpieces with built-in microphones. That’s because technological progress is extremely fast. It’s only a matter of time. Such is the belief among certain parents that the technology is imminent and they’re wondering if their kids should learn a second language.
It’s true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers will make them cleverer at translating “Noes Bueno dormer mucho” into “It’s not good to sleep too much”. Replacing a word with its equivalent (对等词) in the target language is actually the easy part of a translator’s job. But even this seems to be a difficult job for computers.
It’s so hard for computers because translation doesn’t — or shouldn’t — involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it’s about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, people need to understand a lot of information all at once. Think about all the related clues that help us understand what someone is trying to say: volume, gesture, situations, and even your culture. All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use.
Therefore we should doubt a machine that can’t understand our world like we do. If people from different cultures can upset each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and interpreting meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place.
8. What does the underlined word “imminent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Ready. B. Confusing. C. Unpractical. D. Coming.
9. Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent
A. The real meaning of words can vary.
B. Their data is not rich enough.
C. Their accuracy needs big improvement.
D. A man’s soul hasn’t been breathed in them.
10. What view does the author hold about translation
A. Proper translation can be difficult for computers.
B. Slight differences doesn’t matter in translation.
C. Machines will translate our world properly.
D. Cultures need more attention than words used.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. An Expert’s Prediction. B. Travel without Headache.
C. The Pleasure of Translation. D. Will the Language Barrier (障碍) Actually Fall
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文属于议论文。本文叙述了不同语言转换的障碍与翻译之间的壁垒问题，进而讨论了通过现代科学技术，语言障碍能不能变小甚至消失的问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。由第二段“That’s because technological progress is extremely fast. It’s only a matter of time. Such is the belief among certain parents that the technology is imminent and they’re wondering if their kids should learn a second language. (这是因为技术进步非常快。这只是时间问题。这就是某些家长的信念，他们认为这项技术imminent，他们想知道自己的孩子是否应该学习第二语言)”可知，因为技术进步非常迅速，（新技术的）只是时间问题，新技术即将到来，家长才会想知道孩子是否应学习第二语言，可推断imminent意为“即将到来的（Coming）”。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“It’s so hard for computers because translation doesn’t — or shouldn’t — involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it’s about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, people need to understand a lot of information all at once. (这对计算机来说太难了，因为翻译不——或者不应该——只涉及翻译单词、句子或段落。相反，它是关于翻译意义。为了从一个特定的表达中推断出意义，人们需要同时理解很多信息)”可知，翻译不仅仅是翻译单词、句子和段落，确切地说，它是有关意思的转换，为了推断一个具体短语的意思，人类不得不同时理解很多信息。故可推断出，对电脑来说找到一个词对等的意思很难是因为单词真正的意思是会随着语境的变化而变化的。故选A项。
10题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“It’s so hard for computers because translation doesn’t — or shouldn’t — involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it’s about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, people need to understand a lot of information all at once. (这对计算机来说太难了，因为翻译不——或者不应该——只涉及翻译单词、句子或段落。相反，它是关于翻译意义。为了从一个特定的表达中推断出意义，人们需要同时理解很多信息)”和最后一段中“If people from different cultures can upset each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better (如果来自不同文化背景的人在意识不到的情况下彼此冒犯，我们怎么能期望机器做得更好呢？)”可知，单词真正的意思是会随着语境的变化而变化的，对于人来说要翻译准确恰当也是很难的，何况机器，可得出电脑很难进行正确的翻译。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章内容，第一段“Wouldn’t it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language (去外国旅行而不必担心用不同语言交流的头痛，这不是很好吗？)”和最后一段中“Therefore, we should doubt a machine that can’t understand our world like we do. If people from different cultures can upset each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better (因此，我们应该怀疑一台不能像我们一样理解我们世界的机器。如果来自不同文化的人可以在没有意识到的情况下互相打扰，我们怎么能指望机器做得更好呢？)”可知，本文主要讨论了语言文化在翻译过程中的问题，由于翻译不仅仅是翻译单词、句子和段落，确切地说，它是有关意思的转换，单词真正的意思是会随着语境的变化而变化的，对于人类来说翻译恰当很困难，当然不能期望机器做得更好，所以文章主题是语言障碍会不会变小的问题，故D项“语言障碍真的会消失吗？”是恰当的标题。故选D项。
D
NASA’s Lunar Flashlight (the CubeSat), a small satellite, was launched on Dec. 1, 2022, to demonstrate several new technologies, with the goal to map ice near the Moon’s South Pole. Since then, the briefcase-size satellite’s propulsion （推进） system—the first of its kind ever flown—proved unable to generate enough force to get into lunar orbit, despite months of effort by the operations team. Because the CubeSat cannot complete operations to stay in the Earth-Moon system, NASA has called an end to the mission （任务）.
NASA relies on technology demonstrations to fill specific knowledge gaps and to test new technologies. Used for the first time beyond Earth’s orbit, Lunar Flashlight’s propulsion system and green fuel were such demonstrations. Although the propulsion system was unable to produce the desired force, the newly developed propulsion system components went beyond performance expectations.
“Technology demonstrations are, by their nature, high risk and high reward, and they’re essential for NASA to test and learn,” said Christopher Baker, the program executive. “Lunar Flashlight was successful from the standpoint of being a testbed for new systems that had never flown in space before. Those systems, and the lessons Lunar Flashlight taught us, will be used for future missions.”
The mission’s four-laser reflectometer, a science instrument that had never flown before, either, also tested successfully, giving the mission’s science team confidence that the laser would have been able to detect ice if it were present at the lunar surface.
“It’s disappointing for the science team, and for the whole Lunar Flashlight team, that we won’t be able to use our laser reflectometer to make measurements on the Moon,” said Barbara Cohen, the mission’s principal investigator. “But like all the other systems, we collected a lot of in-flight performance data on the instrument that will be incredibly valuable to future application of this technique.”
12 What is the goal of the CubeSat
A. To get into lunar orbit. B. To seek out ice on the Moon.
C. To obtain green energy. D. To test the propulsion system.
13. Why did NASA end the mission
A. The team lost its contact. B. The system ran out of fuel.
C. The target was achieved. D. The satellite was in trouble.
14. What does Christopher Baker mean about Lunar Flashlight
A. It is highly significant. B. It will be started soon. C. It is a complete failure. D. It poses a major risk.
15. What is Barbara Cohen’s attitude towards the mission
A. Unclear. B. Disapproving. C. Positive. D. Cautious.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。美国宇航局的“月球手电筒（Lunar Flashlight）”小卫星因推进系统故障未能进入绕月轨道而宣告终止其任务。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“NASA’s Lunar Flashlight (the CubeSat), a small satellite, was launched on Dec. 1, 2022, to demonstrate several new technologies, with the goal to map ice near the Moon’s South Pole.(NASA的月球手电筒(CubeSat)是一颗小型卫星，于2022年12月1日发射，用于展示几项新技术，目标是绘制月球南极附近的冰图)”可知，立方星（CubeSat）的目标是确认月球表面是否存在冰。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Since then, the briefcase-size satellite’s propulsion system—the first of its kind ever flown—proved unable to generate enough force to get into lunar orbit, despite months of effort by the operations team. Because the CubeSat cannot complete operations to stay in the Earth-Moon system, NASA has called an end to the mission.(从那以后，尽管运营团队花了几个月的努力，但这颗公文包大小的卫星的推进系统——有史以来第一个发射的同类系统——被证明无法产生足够的力量进入月球轨道。由于立方体卫星无法完成留在地月系统的操作，美国宇航局已经宣布结束任务)”可知，该卫星推进系统出现问题，美国宇航局终止了本次任务。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Technology demonstrations are, by their nature, high risk and high reward, and they’re essential for NASA to test and learn,” said Christopher Baker, the program executive. “Lunar Flashlight was successful from the standpoint of being a testbed for new systems that had never flown in space before. Those systems, and the lessons Lunar Flashlight taught us, will be used for future missions.”(“技术演示，就其本质而言，是高风险和高回报的，它们对NASA的测试和学习至关重要，”项目主管克里斯托弗·贝克(Christopher Baker)说。“从作为从未在太空飞行过的新系统的试验台的角度来看，月球手电筒是成功的。这些系统，以及月球手电筒教给我们的经验教训，将用于未来的任务。”)”可推断，Christopher Baker意在说明“月球手电筒（Lunar Flashlight）”对后续任务意义重大。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s disappointing for the science team, and for the whole Lunar Flashlight team, that we won’t be able to use our laser reflectometer to make measurements on the Moon,” said Barbara Cohen, the mission’s principal investigator. “But like all the other systems, we collected a lot of in-flight performance data on the instrument that will be incredibly valuable to future application of this technique.”(“对于科学团队和整个月球手电筒团队来说，我们将无法使用激光反射计在月球上进行测量，这是令人失望的，”该任务的首席研究员芭芭拉科恩说。“但像所有其他系统一样，我们在仪器上收集了大量飞行中的性能数据，这些数据对这项技术的未来应用非常有价值。”)”可推断，Barbara Cohen对此次发射任务持肯定态度。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step.____16____ You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
____17____ If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. ____18____ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. Don’t allow your fear to get the best of you, or you’re never going to forgive yourself. _____19_____It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push.
Sometimes, following your dreams means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight changes to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice(牺牲)everything to follow your hearts. ____20____ If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown.
A. Ask yourself what would be worse.
B. Starting small is completely acceptable.
C. Only you can help yourself go after your dreams.
D. New opportunities might contribute to personal growth.
E. Try to strike a balance between your present life and your dreams.
F. You need to move forward confidently and explore yourself fully and deeply.
G. Hard as it is, it’s extremely important to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. (你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步)可知，上文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，所以空格处应描述建议从小的地方开始；选项B. Starting small is completely acceptable.(从小处开始是完全可以接受的)描述可以从小处开始。故选B。
【17题详解】
空格处位于段首，应是总领本段的主旨句；根据下文“If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己对现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想；选项C. Only you can help yourself go after your dreams.(只有你能帮助自己追逐梦想)总领本段且引出下文。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，坚信你一定会成功)”可知，空格处应描述要摆脱怀疑的心态；选项G. Hard as it is, it’s extremely important to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.(尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的)，句中“wave off the doubts in the back of your mind”对应下文“Embrace a mindset of determination”。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. Don’t allow your fear to get the best of you, or you’re never going to forgive yourself. (在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，所以空格处应描述要克服恐惧，勇往直前；选项F. You need to move forward confidently and explore yourself fully and deeply.(你需要自信地勇往直前，全面而深入地发掘自己的能力)，句中“move forward confidently”对应上文“Don’t allow your fear to get the best of you”。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice (牺牲)everything to follow your hearts.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切)”以及下文“If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.(如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变)”可知，空格处应描述要做出改变；选项E. Try to strike a balance between your present life and your dreams.(试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)承接上文描述如何做出改变，并引出下文。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandmother is the woman who plays a significant（重大的）role in my life.It’s particularly ____21____ because this is the first year of my life that she hasn’t been with us, but she continues to ____22____ me in so many ways．
She was a（n）____23____ grandmother. She was the ____24____ of our family. She grew up in an era when women were not expected to have ____25____, but having left school in her teens due to poverty, she worked day and night to ____26____ a business with my grandfather, managing to save enough money to send my father to a good school．
She was famous for her ____27____, so everyone loved her cakes. She always got involved in social life and ____28____, spending 50 years of her life working for their local village committee. She ____29____ good memories, saying how she would keep them in her mind and get them out whenever she wanted the pleasure of recalling the past. She wouldn’t focus on _____30_____, though, saying that it doesn’t do good to look back too much.
We live in a time when women are _____31_____ to have it all. My grandmother, born in the 1920s, had it all before it was fashionable. The _____32_____, however, was that she never made it about her. She _____33_____ her life to other people and kept positive（积极的，肯定的）because of it．
She _____34_____ me to seek the good, not pay much attention to the bad and take an interest in something _____35_____.Thank you, Granny.
21.
A. sad B. free C. special D. easy
22.
A. remind B. hurt C. influence D. shock
23.
A. humorous B. advanced C. curious D. selfless
24
A. servant B. center C. origin D. volunteer
25.
A. names B. education C. careers D. wealth
26.
A. establish B. approach C. reserve D. control
27.
A. taste B. design C. cooking D. training
28.
A. backed down B. helped out C. broke down D. stood out
29.
A. treasured B. erased C. produced D. upgraded
30.
A. relationship B. hardship C. leadership D. friendship
31.
A. scheduled B. forced C. chosen D. expected
32.
A. difference B. character C. possibility D. process
33.
A. addicted B. compared C. quit D. contributed
34.
A. troubled B. threatened C. shaped D. promised
35.
A. valuable B. positive C. strange D. terrible
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是奶奶不平凡的经历教会了作者珍惜美好的事物，不去思考不好的事情，并且对每件事情都感兴趣。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尤其令人难过的是，这是我生命中的第一年她没有和我们在一起，但她继续在很多方面影响着我。A. sad伤心的；B. free自由的；C. special特别的；D. easy容易的。根据上文“My grandmother is the woman who plays a significant role in my life.”下文中的“because this is the first year of my life that she hasn’t been with us”可知，祖母在作者的生活中起重要作用，因为这是奶奶不与我们在一起的第一年，所以作者应是伤心的。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尤其令人难过的是，这是我生命中的第一年她没有和我们在一起，但她继续在很多方面影响着我。A. remind提醒；B. hurt伤害；C. influence影响；D. shock使震惊。根据全文和下文中的“She ____14____ me to seek the good, not pay much attention to the bad and take an interest in something ____15____ .”可知，奶奶教给作者很多事情，所以是影响着作者。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一位无私的祖母。A. humorous幽默的；B. advanced先进的；C. curious好奇的；D. selfless无私的。根据上文“She was the ____4____ of our family. She grew up in an era when women were not expected to have ____5____ , but having left school in her teens due to poverty, she worked day and night to ____6____ a business with my grandfather, managing to save enough money to send my father to a good school.”以及后文“She ____13____ her life to other people and kept positive（积极的，肯定的）because of it．”可知，作为家庭的顶梁柱，祖母为一家人奉献出了许多，所以对于作者来说祖母是无私的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我们家的核心。A. servant仆人；B. center中心；C. origin起源；D. volunteer志愿者。根据语境和下文中的“she worked day and night to ____6____ a business with my grandfather, managing to save enough money to send my father to a good school.”可知，奶奶夜以继日的工作，攒钱送作者的父亲去好学校上学，由此可知，奶奶是我们家的核心。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她成长在一个女性不被期望有事业的时代，由于贫困，她在十几岁的时候就辍学了，但是她日夜工作，和我的祖父一起创业，设法攒够了钱，让我的父亲上了一所好学校。A. names名字；B. education教育；C. careers职业；D. wealth财富。根据下文中的“We live in a time when women are ____11____ to have it all.”与此处形成对比，现在我们生活在女性被期望拥有一切，而奶奶那时是不被期望有“事业”的时代。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成长在一个女性不被期望有事业的时代，但由于贫困，她在十几岁的时候就辍学了，但是她日夜工作，和我的祖父一起创业，设法攒够了钱，让我的父亲上了一所好学校。A. establish建立，创立；B. approach接近；C. reserve预留；D. control控制。根据下文中“ a business with my grandfather, managing to save enough money to send my father to a good school.”可知，奶奶她与爷爷一起创业，establish a business意为“创业”。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她以烹饪出名，所以每个人都喜欢她做的蛋糕。A. taste口味；B. design设计；C. cooking厨艺；烹饪；D. training培训。根据下文中的“so everyone loved her cakes.”可知，大家都喜欢她做的糕饼，所以是厨艺。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她总是参与社会生活，帮助别人，在当地的村委会工作了50年。A. backed down退缩；让步；B. helped out帮助摆脱困境；C. broke down出故障；破产；D. stood out显眼，突出。根据上文中的“She always got involved in social life”以及下文中的“spending 50 years of her life working for their local village committee.”可知，奶奶热衷于参加社会活动，在当地村委会工作了50多年，由此可推断，此处指的是帮助别人走出困境。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她珍藏着美好的回忆，说她会把它们记在心里，当她想要回忆过去的快乐时，就把它们拿出来。A. treasured珍藏；B. erased擦除；C. produced产生；D. upgraded升级。根据下文中的“saying how she would keep them in her mind and get them out whenever she wanted the pleasure of recalling the past.”可知，奶奶说自己想要回忆过去快乐的事情的时候，就把它们拿出来，由此可知，此处指的是珍藏美好的记忆。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，她不会把重点放在艰难困苦上，她说回头看太多没有好处。A. relationship关系；B. hardship艰难；C. leadership领导才能；D. friendship友谊。根据下文中的“though, saying that it doesn’t do good to look back too much”可知，此处讲述的与上文内容相反，上文中介绍的是奶奶珍藏美好的记忆，所以此处对应的是奶奶不关注艰难的事情，因为回顾这些没什么好处。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们生活在一个期望女性拥有一切的时代。A. scheduled计划；B. forced强迫；C. chosen选择；D. expected期望。根据上文中的“She grew up in an era when women were not expected to have ____5____”可知，此处与空处讲述的内容相对应，那时候女性不被期望有自己的事业，而此处指的是现在女性被期望拥有一切。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，不同的是，她从来没有把这件事放在自己身上。A. difference区别；B. character特点；C. possibility可能；D. process过程。根据上文中的“We live in a time when women are ____11____ to have it all. My grandmother, born in the 1920s, had it all before it was fashionable.”可知，现在女性被期望拥有一切，而奶奶在那个时代也拥有一切，结合however可知，此处指两个时代下拥有一切的区别。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为他人贡献了自己的生命，并因此保持积极的态度。A. addicted使上瘾；B. compared比较；C. quit停止；戒掉；D. contributed捐赠；贡献。根据语境和和上文“She always got involved in social life and _____8_____, spending 50 years of her life working for their local village committee.”可知，奶奶经常帮助他人，所以此处指的是奶奶将自己的一生奉献给其他人，并因此而保持积极的态度。故选D项。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把我塑造成追求好的一面，而不太关注坏的一面，并且对积极的事情感兴趣的人。A. troubled麻烦；B. threatened威胁；C. shaped塑造；D. promised承诺。根据语境和下文中的“me to seek the good, not pay much attention to the bad and take an interest in something ____15____ .Thank you, Granny.”可知，作者对奶奶表示感谢，是因为奶奶把她塑造成为关注好的一面而不太关注坏的一面的人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她把我塑造成追求好的一面，而不太关注坏的一面，并且对积极的事情感兴趣的人。A. valuable珍贵的；B. positive积极的；C. strange奇怪的；D. terrible可怕的。根据语境和上文中的“She ____13____ her life to other people and kept positive because of it.”可知，奶奶把自己的人生奉献给别人而因此始终保持积极向上，由此可知，此处指的是作者受奶奶的影响，学会对积极的事情感兴趣。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷土写出空缺处单词的正确形式．每空一词。
36. If you have any question, you can c _______ me either by e-mail or by WeChat．(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】contact##ontact
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你对此有任何问题，你可以通过电子邮件或微信联系我。根据空格后“either by e-mail or by WeChat”以及所给首字母可知，空处应填动词contact，意为“联系”，且空格前有情态动词can，所以contact应用原形。故填contact。
37. Every summer vacation, many students line up to visit the c_______ of Peking University. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】campus## ampus
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每个暑假，许多学生会排队参观北京大学校园。根据上文“Every summer vacation, many students line up to visit(每个暑假，许多学生会排队参观……)”以及下文“Peking University(北京大学)”可推理出空白处应填表示“校园”含义的名词，根据首字母提示，以字母c开头且表示“校园”含义的名词为：campus，故填campus。
38. How many countries c________in the ancient Olympic Games (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】competed##ompeted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：有多少国家参加了古代奥运会？根据单词首字母以及句意“参加比赛”可知应填动词compete，根据句中in the ancient Olympic Games可知，句子询问的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填competed。
39. It is said that only two people s________ the plane crash. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】survived
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：据说在这次飞机失事中只有两人幸存。根据单词首字母以及句意“幸存”，可知应填动词survive，作谓语，结合语境描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填survived。
40. She was so tired that she didn’t have the s_______ to walk any further．(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】strength##trength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他太累了，没有力气再往前走了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，根据句意以及所给首字母可知，应填strength表示“力量，力气”，且表抽象意义，为不可数名词。故填strength。
41. There is no simple _______ (解决方法)to this problem．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】solution
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个问题没有简单的解决办法。分析句子结构可知，本句是There be句型，根据空格前的is以及形容词simple可知，空格处应填名词的单数形式作句子主语；结合所给汉语意思可知,应填solution。故填solution。
42. When he got there, the _______ (多样性)of the wildlife there surprised him．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当他到那里时，那里野生生物的多样性使他吃惊。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作主语，结合所给汉语提示可知，空格处应填variety，variety表示“多样性”时为不可数名词，所以应填variety。故填variety。
43. More heat energy trapped in the atmosphere causes the _______ (全球的) temperature to go up．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致全球气温上升。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词global，作定语修饰名词temperature。故填global。
44. I am ________________(自信的) that everything will come out right in time. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
【答案】confident
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我相信一切都会及时解决的。“自信的”应用形容词confident，作句子的表语，表示对一切都会及时解决充满信心。故填confident。
45. The hotel _______ (提醒)me of the one we stayed in last year．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】reminds
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句意：这家旅馆让我想起了我们去年住的那家（旅馆）。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合句意可知，本句应用一般现在时，根据所给汉语提示可知，应用remind，remind sb. of sth.表示“提醒某人某事，让某人想起……”，且主语The hotel为单数，所以应填reminds。故填reminds。
第三节 单句语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. （适当形式填空）
【答案】which/that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最终他到达了一个孤岛上，这个孤岛与外界完全隔绝。________was completely cut off from the outside world.是从句，先行词是a lonely island，先行词是物，在定语从句中用作主语，故填which/that。
47. I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of _______ are kind and nice．(用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和另外三个女孩住在一个宿舍，她们都很善良。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词three other girls，作介词的宾语，指人，故填whom。
48. It’s helpful to put children in a situation________ they can see themselves differently. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：把孩子们放在一个可以让他们从不同的角度审视自己的环境中，对他们是很有帮助的。分析句子，设空后引导定语从句，先行词为a situation，指地点，所以应该用关系词where引导定语从句作状语。故填where。
49. I was waiting for the green light at a crossing _______ a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car．(用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我在十字路口等绿灯时，一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒了。根据“I was waiting for the green light at a crossing”可知，本题考查固定句型“was/were doing sth. when…”，该句型表示“正在做某事时，发生了……”，when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
50. It was not until she took off her glasses ________ I recognized her. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到她摘下眼镜我才认出她来。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。故填that。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 假定你是校心理社（psychology club）社长李华，你的英国朋友James发邮件询问你校心理社的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 心理社简介；
2. 近期开展的一次活动；
3. 该活动的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear James,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
I’d like to give a brief introduction to our school’s psychology club.
In order to let all the students take the initiative to pay attention to and maintain their own mental health, improve the awareness of psychological self-protection, our school established the “psychology club” two years ago.
Recently, we launched an education campaign called “Treasure one’s life”. Activities included watching educational videos, listening to expert lectures and discussions between teachers and students.
Through this activity, students realized that every life had value to others and society, and that every life deserved recognition and respect. The mentality of the students became more positive and sunny.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是校心理社（psychology club）社长李华，你的英国朋友James发邮件询问你校心理社的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括1. 心理社简介；2. 近期开展的一次活动；3. 该活动的影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
注意：pay attention to→take notice of
成立：establish→set up
积极的：positive→active
值得：deserve=be worth
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, we launched an education campaign called “Treasure one’s life”.
拓展句：Recently, we launched an education campaign, which was called “Treasure one’s life”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Recently, we launched an education campaign called “Treasure one’s life”. (运用了过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2] Through this activity, students realized that every life had value to others and society, and that every life deserved recognition and respect. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
Last Sunday morning, my parents and I were going on a vacation in Sydney, where my grandparents lived, to celebrate my birthday. Actually, celebrating my birthday in my grandparents’ home had been a family tradition. As a result, their neighbors, warm-hearted and friendly, were familiar with me. Sometimes, they even came to the house and brought me birthday gifts in person.
We took the subway there as usual. When we got off the subway, I found I had lost my bag. The bag was memorable to me because it was given by my parents when I became a senior high school student. It also had some valuable items inside, including an expensive watch a birthday gift from my grandparents.
I couldn’t help but cry because the bag meant so much to me.“What’s the matter. Lily ” my mom asked. I told her that I might leave the bag on the subway. Hearing that, she comforted me and said. “We have plenty of time. Let’s talk to the staff (工作人员).”
Instantly, my parents reported the situation to the staff at the subway station. A kind worker smiled to me and said. “If someone found it, they would hand it in.” He asked us to wait patiently for a while, and then he called for help．After half an hour, the worker didn’t give us any information. I started to become anxious and lose hope. My father said. “No news is good news.”However, the worker finally apologized to us and let us wait for the information on the recovery of the missing bag at home. We had to go to my grandparents’ house first.
In the afternoon, while I, together with my grandparents and my father, was preparing for a birthday party, I heard my mother talking to someone on the phone about my lost bag. My heart was beating violently, and I was expecting something extraordinary to happen. Sure enough, my mother got me to answer the phone, “Good news, Lily. The call is just for you, from the kind worker. He said a girl called Beatrice had sent the bag back.” I felt amazed that the girl’s name is the same as my friend’s in Sydney.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I took the phone, and then the voice of the worker who had helped us at the subwaystation came from it. He explained to me that, the kind girl, Beatrice, had picked up my bag on the subway and that she was sorry for not notifying the Lost and Found office in time. I felt infinitely grateful to him and the girl. When I hung up the phone, I circled with excitement. When my father soon fetched the bag, the birthday dinner was ready, and our family was seated at the desk, where we ate, talking and laughing. After dinner, we began to dance to the music. The house was full of harmony and warmth.
My family and I were dancing happily when someone knocked at the door. Grandma stopped dancing and went to open the door. She said “It must be a neighbor who wants to give you a gift, Lily.” In a moment, a beautiful girl entered the house with a bunch of flowers. “Happy birthday, Lily.” said she, my best friend, Beatrice. I warmly welcomed her. When she saw the bag on the sofa, she screamed, “The bag looks like the one I picked up this morning.” We confirmed it and thought it was a coincidence. I said with gratitude, “Thanks, Beatrice. Kindness is always around us.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者和父母坐地铁去祖父母家过生日时，不小心把自己的包遗落在地铁上，作者很伤心，当他们向地铁工作人员求助时，也没有获得结果，正当作者绝望时，工作人员告诉作者一位叫做Beatrice的女孩找到了她的包，并寄回给她，后来发现Beatrice就是作者在悉尼最好的朋友。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我接过电话，电话里传来了在地铁站帮助我们的工作人员的声音。”可知，第一段可描写工作人员告诉作者找到了她的包，并开心举行生日聚会。
②由第二段首句内容“我和家人正高兴地跳舞，这时有人敲门。”可知，第二段可描写作者的朋友Beatrice 来给作者过生日，发现自己捡到的包就是作者的。
2. 续写线索：坐地铁——遗失包——找工作人员帮助未果——被人捡到寄回——发现找到包的是自己最好的朋友
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①通知：notify/inform
②进入：enter/step in
③尖叫：scream/yelp
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/appreciative
②善良：kindness/goodness
【点睛】【高分句型1】He explained to me that, the kind girl, Beatrice, had picked up my bag on the subway and that she was sorry for not notifying the Lost and Found office in time. （运用了that引导的的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It must be a neighbor who wants to give you a gift, Lily.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
