2023-2024 学年第一学期高二英语第一次月考试B
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 60)
第一节(共 15 个,每个 3 分,满分 45 分)
A
China’s long history has seen many scientists making great contributions to the development of ancient China and even the world. We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.
Zhang Zhongjing (150-219) was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). He founded medication principles and summarized the medicinal experience before his time. His famous work “ Shang Han Za Bing Lun ” had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Today, this great book was still considered very important in the practice of Chinese medicine.
Li Daoyuan (AD 427 or 469-527) was a great Chinese geographer during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). He wrote the famous work “ Commentary to the River Classic ” (Shui Jing Zhu). The book is a great work on the ancient geography of China and it sums up China’s geography and its surrounding areas before Northern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simiao was an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He was called “ China’s King of Medicine ” for his important contributions to Chinese traditional medicine. Sun authored two books — “Qian Jin Yao Fang” and “Qian Jin Yi Fang” that were both landmarks in Chinese medicine history.
Shen Kuo was a great Chinese scientist and politician of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). He compiled (汇编) an scientific work “Dream Pool Essays”, which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country. Shen also first described the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (航行). His discovery of concept of true north towards the north pole was four hundred years earlier than Europe.
1. The passage is mainly written to ________ .
A. encourage readers to learn from these great scientists
B. explain what contributes to the development of ancient China
C. broaden readers’ horizons on Chinese science and technology
D. introduce the great medical contributions Chinese scientists made
2. Whose work had a great effect on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine
A. Zhang Zhongjing’s B. Li Daoyuan’s C. Sun Simiao’s D. Shen Kuo’s
3. What do we know about Shen Kuo
A. He was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty.
B. He worked on the ancient geography of China.
C. He was regarded as “China’s King of Medicine”.
D He described the animals and plants a lot in his work.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了四位伟大的中国科学家。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.(我们精选了几位中国古代最伟大的科学家,希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术)”可知,写这篇文章的主要目的是希望能帮助大家更多地了解中国的科学技术。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Zhang Zhongjing部分的“His famous work Shang han za bing lun had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.(他的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响)”可知,张仲景的著名著作《商汉杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Shen Kuo部分的“He compiled (汇编) an scientific work Dream Pool Essays , which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country.(他编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》,其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述)”可知,沈括编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》,其中涉及到很多关于这个国家的动植物的描述。故选D项。
B
Henry Ford was the first person to build cars which were cheap, strong and fast. He was able to sell millions of cars because he could produce them in large numbers at a time; that is, he made many cars of the same kind. Ford’s father hoped that his son would become a farmer, but the young man did not like the idea and he went to Detroit(底特律)where he worked as a mechanic(机械师). By the age of 29, in 1892, he had built his first car. However, the car made in this way, the famous “Model T” did not appear until 1908.
Five years ago, Ford started his great motor car factory. This kind of car showed to be well-known that it remained unchanged for twenty year. Since Ford’s time, this way of producing cars in large numbers has become common in industry and has reduced the price of many goods which would be very expensive.
4. Henry Ford was the man to built _________cars.
A. cheap and strong B. cheap and long
C. fast and expensive D. strong and slow
5. Ford was able to sell millions of cars, because_________.
A. he made many cars
B. his cars are many
C. he made lots of cars of the same kind
D. both A and B
6. The young man became a mechanic _________ .
A. which was his father’s will
B. which was against his own will
C. which was against his father’s will
D. which was his teacher’s will
7. The “Model T” was very famous______.
A. before 1908 B. between 1982 and 1908
C. before 1892 D. after 1908
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章简要介绍了享利·福特的生平。他是第一个制造出廉价、结实、快速的汽车的人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一句“Henry Ford was the first person to build cars which were cheap, strong and fast. (亨利·福特是第一个制造价廉、结实、快速的汽车的人)”可知,亨利福特制造廉价、坚固和快速汽车的人。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二句“He was able to sell millions of models because he could produce them in large numbers at a time: that is, he made a great many cars of exactly the same kind. (他能卖出数百万辆车,是因为他一次能大量生产,也就是说,他制造了许多一模一样的汽车)”可知,亨利·福特能够出售数百万辆车,是因为他造了大量的同样类型的车。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三句“Ford’s father hoped that his son would become a farmer, but the young man did not like the idea and he went to Detroit(底特律)where he worked as a mechanic(机械师). (福特的父亲希望他的儿子成为一名农民,但这个年轻人不喜欢这个想法,他去了底特律,在那里做了一名机械师)”可知,这个年轻人违背了父亲的意志成为了一名机械师。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“However, the car made in this way, the famous “Model T” did not appear until 1908. (然而,以这种方式制造的汽车,著名的“T型”直到1908年才出现)”可知,直到1908年以后“Model T”才出名。故选D。
C
Life in the future will be different from the life today. Between then and now many changes will happen. But what will the changes be
The population is growing fast. And most of them will live longer than people now.
Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least one in every room. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in schools then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travel. Travelling will be much cheaper and easier. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food, too. More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruits and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier. Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will do dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a big problem.
8. In the future there will be________.
A. much more fruits B. more people C. fewer vegetables D. less people
9 In the future people don't have to________.
A. work long hours B. work fast C. walk on foot D. eat meat
10. People may not eat_________ as much as they do today.
A. fruit B. fish C. meat D. rice
11. One big problem in the future is that________.
A. many people don’t have to work
B. many people will not be able to find work
C. people have to work fast
D. all the work will be done by robots
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来人们生活与现在不同,会发生变化。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“The population is growing fast. And most of them will live longer than people now.”可知,人口增长很快。他们中的大多数人将比现在的人活得更长。由此可知,未来人口会增多,有更多的人。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travel.”可知,人们的工作时间将比现在少,他们将有更多的空闲时间去运动、看电视和旅行。由此可知,未来人们工作时间短,说明未来人们不必长时间工作。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day.”可知,然后牛和羊的生存空间就会减少,所以肉就会更贵。也许没有人会每天都吃肉。由此可知,未来牛羊养的少,肉价贵,未来人们可能没有今天的人那样吃那么多的肉。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“Robots will do dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a big problem.”可知,机器人会做危险而艰苦的工作。正因为如此,许多人将没有足够的工作要做。这将是个大问题。由此可知,未来机器人会占据一些工作,许多人将没有足够的工作要做,所以未来的一个大问题是许多人将找不到工作。故选B项。
D
Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (产生) the codes, and in the end everything gets easier” said Gao. “When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work everywhere using my computer or telephone.”
The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans(扫描)his students’ QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos.
Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. “We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun,” said Tingting, a student of Guo’s.
“The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share,” Guo said. “It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I don’t want my students to fall behind the times.”
However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. But in fact, it’s unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the Students’ work at any time. And it’s also an easy way to share homework with other students.
12. According to the passage, students can keep their homework on________.
A. WeChat B. QQ C. e-mail D. blog
13. Guo’s students think the new way is________.
A. strange B. boring C. interesting D. unnecessary
14. Some parents are worried, because they think their children will________.
A. talk with teachers face to face
B. spend too much time on computers
C. not like the new way of handing in homework
D. find the QR codes too difficult to use
15. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Teachers needn’t check homework any more.
B. Students needn’t hand in homework any more.
C. Using QR codes makes checking homework easier.
D. Some parents are worried about their children.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者对于一位老师让学生用二维码的方式交作业,对此阐述了其优点及家长们的担忧。作者认为没必要担忧,学生只在交作业时使用手机或电脑,而老师们却可以很方便地随时随地看作业。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me.(当学生完成作业后,他们会把作业保存在微信上。然后,每个学生制作自己的二维码,并把它交给我)”可知,学生的作业完成后可以保存在微信。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. (郭的学生们喜欢这种新方式,认为它很有趣)”可知,郭老师的学生认为这种交作业的方法很有趣。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. (然而,一些家长却很担心。他们担心他们的孩子会花太多时间在电脑上,而较少时间与老师交流)”可知,家长担心这样做会使孩子在电脑上花费时间过多。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (产生) the codes, and in the end everything gets easier” said Gao.(郭先生是一位来自西安的老师。他要求学生通过二维码上交作业。他说:‘我们在课堂上花了一两个小时学习如何生成代码,最后一切都变得容易了’)”及最后一段“They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the Students’ work at any time.( 他们只在交作业时使用代码,这不会占用他们太多时间。对于老师来说,这样也可以让他们随时检查学生的作业)”可知,本文主要介绍一位老师创新的交作业方法,这样老师们检查作业很方便。由此可知,C项内容概括文章大意。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题,每小题 3 分,满分 15 分)
How to Sleep Better at Night
It is widely known that a good sleep helps us relax and it also makes us energetic again. ____16____ Lack of sleep can cause illnesses. How can we improve our night’s sleep Here are some tips to improve it.
● Take exercise during the day
____17____ It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed. But don’t take exercise right before bedtime as exercise can make us too excited to fall asleep.
● Don’t use electronic products before bedtime
Before bedtime, some of us have a habit of using electronic products to surf the Internet, listen to music or watch movies. It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime. ____18____ Experts suggest we should stop using electronic products at least an hour before we go to bed.
●____19____
When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less. So it’s wise to sleep with lights off.
●Keep worries away
Some of us have difficulty in falling asleep because of worries. Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do. ____20____
A Don’t sleep with lights on.
B. Don’t make any noise at night.
C. Taking exercise is good for our sleep.
D. There is no way to solve all these problems.
E. They will keep our brain active and prevent sleep.
F. However, some of us have trouble with sleep at night.
G. In this way we can keep worries away and sleep better.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何在晚上睡得更好提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Lack of sleep can cause illnesses.”(睡眠不足会导致疾病)可知,空处说明有些人晚上难以入睡。F选项“然而,我们中的一些人晚上难以入睡”切题。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed.”(它可以减轻压力,帮助我们感到更放松)可知,选项承接下文说明锻炼是对睡眠是有好处的。故C选项“锻炼身体对我们的睡眠有好处”切题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime.”(睡前做这些活动对我们的健康有害)空处承接上文继续说害处。故E选项“它们会让我们的大脑保持活跃,防止睡眠”切题。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less.”(当我们开着灯睡觉时,我们的大脑会认为现在还是白天。我们入睡的时间会更长,休息的时间也会更少)可知,本段在说明睡觉不要开灯。故A选项“不要开着灯睡觉”切题,为本段的标题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do.”(与其躺着睡不着,我们可以把让我们担心的事情写下来,列出要做的事情。)可知,选项承接上文,说明上文所带来的的好处。故G选项“这样我们就可以远离烦恼,睡得更好”切题。故选G项。
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasn’t used to smiling. He felt ____21____ after losing almost all his teeth at the age of three.
Now he does. And he is always ____22____ to Amanda Mattos.
The boy lives in a ____23____ family. He had his teeth pulled out because of cavities(蛀牙). Only a few on his lower part remained. Ms Mattos, 25, met Ryan at the boy’s school for the first time two years ago, where Ryan’s teacher told Mattos he ____24____ smiled and communicated little. Ms Mattos would like to ____25____ the boy after contacting his mother, but his mother ____26____ the offer. “They couldn’t afford the ____27____,” the dentist said. “They were still shaken by the ____28____ that took his teeth out.”
Ryan’s story could have ____29____ here. But two years later, by accident, his mother got a job as a cleaner at the _____30_____, which Ms Mattos owns. The boy had a pain in one of his remaining teeth. He went to the clinic for a(an) _____31_____ and met Ms Mattos again. “I asked him what he wanted. He replied: ‘a smile like my friends’,” the dentist said.
Ms Mattos agreed to do it for free. The mother happily _____32_____ the kindness.
Then, two days after Brazil’s Children’s Day, Ryan finally got a new denture(假牙).
“We all cried. It was very moving,” Ryan’s mother said.
“All this is _____33_____,” Ms Mattos says. “Isn’t it pleasant if someone _____34_____ smile because of your _____35_____ ”
21. A. happy B. upset C. thankful D. confident
22. A. grateful B. sensitive C. sympathetic D. hateful
23. A. poor B. rich C. happy D. big
24. A. all the time B. from time to time C. hardly D. always
25. A. meet B. treat C. save D. research
26. A. turned down B. agreed to C. showed off D. hesitated about
27. A. activity B. performance C. service D. operation
28. A. strategy B. game C. visit D. experience
29. A. spread B. ended C. changed D. started
30. A. factory B. bank C. clinic D. school
31. A. discussion B. decoration C. improvement D. examination
32. A. ignored B. accepted C. considered D. abandoned
33. A. worth B. efficient C. unnecessary D. random
34. A. loses B. sees C. shares D. regains
35. A. bravery B. honesty C. generosity D. fairness
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述6岁的Ryan Coutinho因为蛀牙几乎失去了所有的牙齿,但是家里很穷,没钱手术,所以他几乎不微笑,但是一位好心的女士Amanda Mattos为他提供了免费的牙齿手术,从此小男孩变得爱笑了。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在三岁的时候,他失去了几乎所有的牙齿,他很难过。A. happy开心的;B. upset难过的,沮丧的;C. thankful感激的;D. confident自信的。根据下文“losing almost all his teeth at the age of three.”可知,他失去了几乎所有的牙齿,所以很难过。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他一直很感谢Amanda Mattos。A. grateful感谢的;B. sensitive敏感的;C. sympathetic同情的;D. hateful厌恶的。根据倒数第四段“Ms Mattos agreed to do it for free.”可知,Amanda Mattos同意为他提供免费的牙齿手术,所以他很感谢Amanda Mattos。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这个男孩生在一个贫穷的家庭。A. poor贫穷的;B. rich富有的;C. happy开心的;D. big大的。根据下文““They couldn’t afford the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知,男孩的家庭很贫穷。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词和短语辨析。句意:Mattos女士,25岁,两年前第一次在这个男孩的学校遇到他,Ryan的老师告诉Mattos他几乎不笑也几乎不跟别人交流。A. all the time一直;B. from time to time偶尔;C. hardly几乎不;D. always总是。根据第一句话“Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasn’t used to smiling.”以及空格后“and communicated little”可知,他几乎不笑。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在和他的母亲联系后,Mattos女士表示想要治疗这个男孩,但是他的母亲拒绝了这个提议。A. meet遇见;B. treat治疗;C. save拯救;D. research调查。根据下文““They couldn’t afford the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知,Mattos女士想要治疗他。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意:在和他的母亲联系后,Mattos女士表示想要治疗这个男孩,但是他的拒绝了这个提议。A. turned down拒绝;B. agreed to同意;C. showed off 炫耀;D. hesitated about犹豫。根据下文““They couldn’t afford the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知,他的母亲拒绝了想要给男孩手术的提议。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:牙医说,“他们负担不起手术费”。A. activity活动;B. performance表演;C. service服务;D. operation手术。根据上下文可知,这里是指做手术的费用。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。A. strategy策略;B. game游戏;C. visit参观;D. experience经历。根据上文“He had his teeth pulled out because of cavities”可知,他仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Ryan的故事本可以这样结束的。A. spread传播;B. ended结束;C. changed改变;D. started开始。根据上下文可知,妈妈因为没有钱,所以拒绝了给Ryan做手术,所以故事本该到此结束了。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是两年后,意外地,他的妈妈得到了一份在一家诊所做清洁工的工作,这家诊所是Mattos女士的。A. factory工厂;B. bank银行;C. clinic诊所;D. school学校。根据下文“He went to the clinic for a(an) 11 and met Ms Mattos again.”可知,他母亲工作的地方是Mattos女士的诊所。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他去这家诊所做检查,再次遇到了Mattos。A. discussion讨论;B. decoration装修;C. improvement改善;D. examination检查。根据下文““I asked him what he wanted. He replied: ‘a smile like my friends’,” the dentist said.”可知,他是去做检查的。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他母亲很开心地接受了这份善意。A. ignored忽视;B. accepted接受;C. considered考虑;D. abandoned抛弃。根据下文“Then, two days after Brazil’s Children’s Day, Ryan finally got a new denture.”可知,他的母亲接受了这份善意。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“所有的一切都是值得的,” Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑,那不是很愉快吗?”A. worth值得的;B. efficient高效的;C. unnecessary没有必要;D. random随机的。根据上文可知,男孩因为有了假牙,可以再次微笑,虽然没有收取任何手术费用,但Mattos女士认为这是值得的。故选A。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:“所有的一切都是值得的,”Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑,那不是很愉快吗?”A. loses失去;B. sees看见;C. shares分享;D. regains恢复,重新获得。根据第一句话“Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasn’t used to smiling.”以及第二段第一句话“Now he does.”可知,他重获微笑。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:“所有的一切都是值得的,” Mattos女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑,那不是很愉快吗?”A. bravery勇敢;B. honesty诚实;C. generosity慷慨;D. fairness公平。根据倒数第四段“Ms Mattos agreed to do it for free.”可知,Mattos女士免费让小男孩做手术,这是一种慷慨的行为。故选C。
第二节(共 10 个小题,每小题 2 分,满分 20 分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We should make it a habit to read every day. Reading has a lot of advantages. If you expect ____36____ (develop) reading skills, you should read a lot. The more you read, the better you get at reading. Second, it helps enrich vocabulary. You can learn a lot of new words by reading. At the same time, you see how those words ____37____ (use). Third, reading helps you develop good writing skills. If you read a lot, it will help you become a good writer. ____38____ (final), you can learn a lot by reading. You learn about heated ____39____ (issue) by reading newspapers. A novel ____40____ is set in another country will ____41____ (able) you to deepen your ____42____ (understand) of that country and the people there. Keep ____43____ mind that there is no limit to ____44____ you can learn. All this makes reading a _____45_____ (value) activity.
【答案】36. to develop
37. are used
38. Finally
39. issues 40. that##which
41. enable 42. understanding
43. in 44. what
45. valuable
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了阅读的诸多好处。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:如果你希望提高阅读技能,你就应该大量阅读。expect to do sth. 期望做某事,固定短语,不定式作宾语,所以填to develop。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:与此同时,你可以看到这些词是如何使用的。分析句子结构,how those words ____2____ (use).是一个宾语从句,根据全文的主体时态,可知该处为一般现在时,“words”和“use”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,从句主语“words”是复数,谓语动词用复数,所以填are used。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意:最后,你可以通过阅读学到很多东西。该空修饰后文整个句子,用副词,句子第一个单词首字母大写,所以填Finally。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意:你通过阅读报纸来了解热点问题。该空作宾语,用名词,“热点问题”是复数意义,用名词复数,所以填issues。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:一部以另一个国家为背景的小说将使你加深对那个国家和那里的人民的理解。分析句子结构,____5____ is set in another country是一个定语从句,修饰前面的先行词A novel,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用that或which引导该从句,所以填that/which。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意:一部以另一个国家为背景的小说将使你加深对那个国家和那里的人民的理解。该空为主句的谓语动词,且位于情态动词之后,用动词原形,所以填enable。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意:一部以另一个国家为背景的小说将使你加深对那个国家和那里的人民的理解。该空作deepen的宾语,用名词,understanding表抽象意义,不可数,所以填understanding。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:记住,你能学到的东西是没有限制的。keep in mind记住,该短语是固定短语,所以填in。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:记住,你能学到的东西是没有限制的。分析句子结构,____9____ you can learn是一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中作宾语,指事物,用what引导该从句,所以填what。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意:所有这些都使阅读成为一种有价值的活动。该空修饰名词activity,用形容词,所以填valuable。
第三部分写作(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假设你是高中生李华,你的英国笔友 Mike 从网上看到中国抗击疫情中的许多英雄人物之后,给你写了一封e-mail,询问谁是你眼中的英雄,请根据以下要点用英语给他回信,介绍自己眼中的英雄钟南山。
注意:1.词数 80 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
资料参考:钟南山1936年出生于江苏
共和国勋章的获得者(共和国勋章 the Medal of the Republic) 战胜 SARS 和 COVID-19
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m honoured that you’re interested in getting to know about the heroes in China in this special fight. From my point of view, I regard Zhong Nanshan, a famous medical scientist in China, as the hero in my eyes. He once contributed great to the SARS outbreak. Again, he stood out immediately as a brave fighter during the COVID-19 epidemic in China at the risk of being infected. Because of his contributions he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. As a student, all that I can do is to study hard and acquire the knowledge to be needed for the construction of our promising future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike回信,向他介绍你眼中的抗疫英雄——钟南山。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来:from my point of view→ in my opinion
著名的:famous→ well-known
勇敢的:brave→ courageous
立即:immediately→ in no time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:From my point of view, I regard Zhong Nanshan, a famous medical scientist in China, as the hero in my eyes.
拓展句:From my point of view, I regard Zhong Nanshan as the hero in my eyes, who is a famous medical scientist in China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m honoured that you’re interested in getting to know about the heroes in China in this special fight.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】 As a student, all that I can do is to study hard and acquire the knowledge to be needed for the construction of our promising future.(运用了that引导定语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My Dad’s Best Flower
I remember my first home was a small apartment on the second floor with a lovely and spacious balcony. When my mom was busy in the kitchen, she let me stay on the balcony watching the kids playing in the street. On that balcony I played sometimes with my elder sister, Maria. She was seven years old and when my mom was absent, she was like a mother to me. The balcony was a great hobby place for my father. After his work he used to grow carnations (康乃馨) in flower boxes. His carnations were red, pink and white, and everyone appreciated them for their beauty.
He took care of them with so much love and devotion. He dealt carefully with his flowers like a mother taking care of her baby. Many times I sat on the floor of the balcony for hours observing him and his lovely flowers with patience. He was always doing something on that balcony. He was watering them every day, cleaning the balcony floor, changing the potting soil and when the stems were thick, strong and high enough, he started his improvement operation attentively like a doctor.
My dad took a tiny knife and with his left hand he held the stem of the carnation and measured the height. Then he made a small mark on the stem with his finger. Afterwards he made a sharp cut with the knife, just enough to fit in again of barley (插穗的芽). Then he bandaged the stem with a small bandage. His job was then to water the plants and to take care of them. “No one should touch them,” he said to Mom. Every day, when he came home from work he went straight to the balcony.
Mom used to tell us, “Do not touch Daddy’s flowers.” For us it was a fascinating experience to watch how the small stems were growing and making flowers. When the carnations had grown big enough, my dad enjoyed watching them every day. We the kids did too.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
One day, my elder sister, who loved Dad very much, had a great idea.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When my dad arrived, he went as usual, straight to the balcony and saw his flowers lying on the floor like dead animals.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A possible version:
Paragraph 1:
One day, my elder sister, who loved Dad very much, had a great idea. She proposed us to pick the best out of the carnations so that dad could appreciate it forever than have to plant it hard. We went to the balcony, hoping to select out the best and most lovely one. While doing so, however, Maria accidentally fell, bruising her knees. What was worse, many flowers were also knocked down, leaving the balcony in a mess and the majority of the flowers out of shape. Despite this, we managed to pick the very flowers we wanted and waited nervously and uneasily for the father’s arrival and his response.
Paragraph 2:
When my dad arrived, he went as usual, straight to the balcony and saw his flowers lying on the floor like dead animals. In no time, he got annoyed and stormed into our room, questioning us in glare who it was that made such a mess of his flowers. Instead of crying, brave Maria held out the flowers and explained what we meant to do and how it ended up this way. She was afraid that dad might punish her, but at the same time she hoped that dad would smile at our warm actions. Deeply touched, dad held the flowers tightly and gently, and immediately gathered us into his arms, saying, “You are my best flowers!”
【解析】
【分析】这篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知,作者家有一个阳台,这个阳台是他和他姐姐的玩耍的小天地,但更是爸爸的养植他心爱花的地方。爸爸每天下班回家就会去阳台那里照料他的花朵。
【详解】续写部分分为两段,第一段开头是:一天,爱着爸爸的姐姐有了一个好的主意……,所以应该写姐姐的这个主意是什么,应该怎么做来实现这个想法。要详细描述姐姐有这样想法的原因,姐姐和我怎么做,做了什么来实现这个姐姐的这个想法。第二段开头是:爸爸回家后,像往常一样直奔阳台,看到了他的花像死去的动物一样躺在那里……,这里应该写爸爸看到阳台的一片狼藉后做了些什么。爸爸看到阳台的花被弄的一片狼藉,感到十分愤怒,找到我和姐姐质问我们为什么会变成这样,勇敢的姐姐解释了这样做的初衷,但因为意外导致现在这样的状况并向爸爸道歉,当他们忐忑地等待着爸爸的责骂时,爸爸却是感动地把他们揽在怀里深情地说道:“你们就是我最好的花朵。”
续写时要求根据所给文章和段落开头,写一篇完整的短文,且所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当,使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如:propose sb to do,what was worse,in a mess,storm into等 高级词汇;目的状语从句so that dad could appreciate it forever than have to plant it hard, what we meant to do and how it ended up this way.两个并列宾语从句,questioning us in glare who it was that made such a mess of his flowers. 非谓语引导的伴随状语。2023-2024 学年第一学期高二英语第一次月考试B
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 60)
第一节(共 15 个,每个 3 分,满分 45 分)
A
China’s long history has seen many scientists making great contributions to the development of ancient China and even the world. We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.
Zhang Zhongjing (150-219) was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). He founded medication principles and summarized the medicinal experience before his time. His famous work “ Shang Han Za Bing Lun ” had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Today, this great book was still considered very important in the practice of Chinese medicine.
Li Daoyuan (AD 427 or 469-527) was a great Chinese geographer during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). He wrote the famous work “ Commentary to the River Classic ” (Shui Jing Zhu). The book is a great work on the ancient geography of China and it sums up China’s geography and its surrounding areas before Northern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simiao was an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). He was called “ China’s King of Medicine ” for his important contributions to Chinese traditional medicine. Sun authored two books — “Qian Jin Yao Fang” and “Qian Jin Yi Fang” that were both landmarks in Chinese medicine history.
Shen Kuo was a great Chinese scientist and politician of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). He compiled (汇编) an scientific work “Dream Pool Essays”, which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country. Shen also first described the magnetic needle compass, which would be used for navigation (航行). His discovery of concept of true north towards the north pole was four hundred years earlier than Europe.
1. The passage is mainly written to ________ .
A. encourage readers to learn from these great scientists
B. explain what contributes to the development of ancient China
C. broaden readers’ horizons on Chinese science and technology
D. introduce the great medical contributions Chinese scientists made
2. Whose work had a great effect on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine
A. Zhang Zhongjing’s B. Li Daoyuan’s C. Sun Simiao’s D. Shen Kuo’s
3 What do we know about Shen Kuo
A He was a Chinese physician in Han Dynasty.
B. He worked on the ancient geography of China.
C. He was regarded as “China’s King of Medicine”.
D. He described the animals and plants a lot in his work.
B
Henry Ford was the first person to build cars which were cheap, strong and fast. He was able to sell millions of cars because he could produce them in large numbers at a time; that is, he made many cars of the same kind. Ford’s father hoped that his son would become a farmer, but the young man did not like the idea and he went to Detroit(底特律)where he worked as a mechanic(机械师). By the age of 29, in 1892, he had built his first car. However, the car made in this way, the famous “Model T” did not appear until 1908.
Five years ago, Ford started his great motor car factory. This kind of car showed to be well-known that it remained unchanged for twenty year. Since Ford’s time, this way of producing cars in large numbers has become common in industry and has reduced the price of many goods which would be very expensive.
4. Henry Ford was the man to built _________cars.
A. cheap and strong B. cheap and long
C. fast and expensive D. strong and slow
5. Ford was able to sell millions of cars, because_________.
A. he made many cars
B. his cars are many
C. he made lots of cars of the same kind
D. both A and B
6. The young man became a mechanic, _________ .
A. which was his father’s will
B. which was against his own will
C. which was against his father’s will
D. which was his teacher’s will
7. The “Model T” was very famous______.
A. before 1908 B. between 1982 and 1908
C. before 1892 D. after 1908
C
Life in the future will be different from the life today. Between then and now many changes will happen. But what will the changes be
The population is growing fast. And most of them will live longer than people now.
Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least one in every room. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in schools then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travel. Travelling will be much cheaper and easier. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food, too. More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruits and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier. Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will do dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a big problem.
8. In the future there will be________.
A. much more fruits B. more people C. fewer vegetables D. less people
9. In the future people don't have to________.
A. work long hours B. work fast C. walk on foot D. eat meat
10 People may not eat_________ as much as they do today.
A. fruit B. fish C. meat D. rice
11. One big problem in the future is that________.
A. many people don’t have to work
B. many people will not be able to find work
C. people have to work fast
D. all the work will be done by robots
D
Mr. Guo is a teacher from Xi’an. He asked his students to hand in their homework through a QR code(二维码). “We spent an hour or two in class learning how to generate (产生) the codes, and in the end everything gets easier” said Gao. “When students finish the homework, they keep it on WeChat. Then, each student makes his own QR code and gives it to me. So I can check their work everywhere using my computer or telephone.”
The QR codes can be sent to Mr. Guo by email, QQ and WeChat. When Guo scans(扫描)his students’ QR codes, their homework appears on his phone. He finds that their homework becomes more creative, with many pictures, music and even videos.
Guo’s students like the new way and think it is interesting. “We are living in the information age. Many students like to work with computers, which makes learning more fun,” said Tingting, a student of Guo’s.
“The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share,” Guo said. “It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I don’t want my students to fall behind the times.”
However, some parents are worried. They are afraid that their children will spend too much time on computers and less time communicating with teachers. But in fact, it’s unnecessary. Students still need to look up information in books and write it down when they do their homework. They only use the code when they hand in their homework, which doesn’t take them too much time. Also for teachers, it allows them to check the Students’ work at any time. And it’s also an easy way to share homework with other students.
12. According to the passage, students can keep their homework on________.
A. WeChat B. QQ C. e-mail D. blog
13. Guo’s students think the new way is________.
A. strange B. boring C. interesting D. unnecessary
14. Some parents are worried because they think their children will________.
A. talk with teachers face to face
B. spend too much time on computers
C. not like the new way of handing in homework
D. find the QR codes too difficult to use
15. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Teachers needn’t check homework any more.
B. Students needn’t hand in homework any more.
C. Using QR codes makes checking homework easier.
D. Some parents are worried about their children.
第二节(共 5 小题,每小题 3 分,满分 15 分)
How to Sleep Better at Night
It is widely known that a good sleep helps us relax and it also makes us energetic again. ____16____ Lack of sleep can cause illnesses. How can we improve our night’s sleep Here are some tips to improve it.
● Take exercise during the day
____17____ It can reduce stress and help us feel more relaxed. But don’t take exercise right before bedtime as exercise can make us too excited to fall asleep.
● Don’t use electronic products before bedtime
Before bedtime, some of us have a habit of using electronic products to surf the Internet, listen to music or watch movies. It’s bad for our health to do these activities before bedtime. ____18____ Experts suggest we should stop using electronic products at least an hour before we go to bed.
●____19____
When we sleep with lights on, our brain will think it’s still daytime. It will take us longer time to fall asleep and we will rest less. So it’s wise to sleep with lights off.
●Keep worries away
Some of us have difficulty in falling asleep because of worries. Instead of lying awake, we can write down the things that make us worried and make a list of things to do. ____20____
A. Don’t sleep with lights on.
B. Don’t make any noise at night.
C. Taking exercise is good for our sleep.
D. There is no way to solve all these problems.
E. They will keep our brain active and prevent sleep.
F. However some of us have trouble with sleep at night.
G. In this way we can keep worries away and sleep better.
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasn’t used to smiling. He felt ____21____ after losing almost all his teeth at the age of three.
Now he does. And he is always ____22____ to Amanda Mattos.
The boy lives in a ____23____ family. He had his teeth pulled out because of cavities(蛀牙). Only a few on his lower part remained. Ms Mattos, 25, met Ryan at the boy’s school for the first time two years ago, where Ryan’s teacher told Mattos he ____24____ smiled and communicated little. Ms Mattos would like to ____25____ the boy after contacting his mother, but his mother ____26____ the offer. “They couldn’t afford the ____27____,” the dentist said. “They were still shaken by the ____28____ that took his teeth out.”
Ryan’s story could have ____29____ here. But two years later, by accident, his mother got a job as a cleaner at the _____30_____, which Ms Mattos owns. The boy had a pain in one of his remaining teeth. He went to the clinic for a(an) _____31_____ and met Ms Mattos again. “I asked him what he wanted. He replied: ‘a smile like my friends’,” the dentist said.
Ms Mattos agreed to do it for free. The mother happily _____32_____ the kindness.
Then, two days after Brazil’s Children’s Day, Ryan finally got a new denture(假牙).
“We all cried. It was very moving,” Ryan’s mother said.
“All this is _____33_____,” Ms Mattos says. “Isn’t it pleasant if someone _____34_____ smile because of your _____35_____ ”
21. A. happy B. upset C. thankful D. confident
22. A. grateful B. sensitive C. sympathetic D. hateful
23. A. poor B. rich C. happy D. big
24. A. all the time B. from time to time C. hardly D. always
25. A. meet B. treat C. save D. research
26. A. turned down B. agreed to C. showed off D. hesitated about
27. A. activity B. performance C. service D. operation
28. A. strategy B. game C. visit D. experience
29. A. spread B. ended C. changed D. started
30. A. factory B. bank C. clinic D. school
31. A. discussion B. decoration C. improvement D. examination
32. A. ignored B. accepted C. considered D. abandoned
33. A. worth B. efficient C. unnecessary D. random
34. A. loses B. sees C. shares D. regains
35. A. bravery B. honesty C. generosity D. fairness
第二节(共 10 个小题,每小题 2 分,满分 20 分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We should make it a habit to read every day. Reading has a lot of advantages. If you expect ____36____ (develop) reading skills, you should read a lot. The more you read, the better you get at reading. Second, it helps enrich vocabulary. You can learn a lot of new words by reading. At the same time, you see how those words ____37____ (use). Third, reading helps you develop good writing skills. If you read a lot, it will help you become a good writer. ____38____ (final), you can learn a lot by reading. You learn about heated ____39____ (issue) by reading newspapers. A novel ____40____ is set in another country will ____41____ (able) you to deepen your ____42____ (understand) of that country and the people there. Keep ____43____ mind that there is no limit to ____44____ you can learn. All this makes reading a _____45_____ (value) activity.
第三部分写作(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假设你是高中生李华,你的英国笔友 Mike 从网上看到中国抗击疫情中的许多英雄人物之后,给你写了一封e-mail,询问谁是你眼中的英雄,请根据以下要点用英语给他回信,介绍自己眼中的英雄钟南山。
注意:1.词数 80 左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
资料参考:钟南山1936年出生于江苏
共和国勋章的获得者(共和国勋章 the Medal of the Republic) 战胜 SARS 和 COVID-19
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第二节读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My Dad’s Best Flower
I remember my first home was a small apartment on the second floor with a lovely and spacious balcony. When my mom was busy in the kitchen, she let me stay on the balcony watching the kids playing in the street. On that balcony I played sometimes with my elder sister, Maria. She was seven years old and when my mom was absent, she was like a mother to me. The balcony was a great hobby place for my father. After his work he used to grow carnations (康乃馨) in flower boxes. His carnations were red, pink and white, and everyone appreciated them for their beauty.
He took care of them with so much love and devotion. He dealt carefully with his flowers like a mother taking care of her baby. Many times I sat on the floor of the balcony for hours observing him and his lovely flowers with patience. He was always doing something on that balcony. He was watering them every day, cleaning the balcony floor, changing the potting soil and when the stems were thick, strong and high enough, he started his improvement operation attentively like a doctor.
My dad took a tiny knife and with his left hand he held the stem of the carnation and measured the height. Then he made a small mark on the stem with his finger. Afterwards he made a sharp cut with the knife, just enough to fit in again of barley (插穗的芽). Then he bandaged the stem with a small bandage. His job was then to water the plants and to take care of them. “No one should touch them,” he said to Mom. Every day, when he came home from work he went straight to the balcony.
Mom used to tell us, “Do not touch Daddy’s flowers.” For us it was a fascinating experience to watch how the small stems were growing and making flowers. When the carnations had grown big enough, my dad enjoyed watching them every day. We the kids did too.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
One day, my elder sister, who loved Dad very much, had a great idea.
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Paragraph 2:
When my dad arrived, he went as usual, straight to the balcony and saw his flowers lying on the floor like dead animals.
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