Unit 2 单元话题短文填空练习（含解析）九年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（仁爱版）

Unit 2 Saving the Earth
单元话题短文填空练习
（2022秋·福建泉州·九年级福建省泉州第一中学校联考期中）A report shows that the processing center has to deal with a lot of garbage every day. The garbage has 1 (increase) by over 2, 000 tons since last year. The 2 /me n/ reason for that is takeout (外卖) food. To 3 this problem, Beijing passed a rule last year. According 4 the rule, takeout food companies (公司) hotels, and restaurants don’t 5 /' f / plastic boxes or bags for free any more.
Eleme, Meituan and Baidu, the three of China’s takeout food companies, receive about 60 million orders every day. If each order 6 (produce) one plastic bag and two plastic boxes, the used boxes would be 2,400 kilometers 7 if they are put in a line. And if we put the plastic bags together they would cover 1.2 million square meters—even 8 (big) than 168 soccer fields. However, the 9 /'g u nm nt/ might need more methods to make the rule effective. But if customers ask takeout food companies to use plastic bags, what should the companies do So 10 is necessary to change people’s eating habits, too. After all, we only have one earth.
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词， 要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
The world has experienced a lot of extreme (极端的) weather this year because of environmental 11 [t e nd ]. Scientists think Carbon emissions are the main reason after 12 (study) the subject for many years. To solve the problem, CO2 is turning into a hopeful choice. “The beauty of carbon is that you can make so many different things,” Volker Sick, 13 researcher at the University of Michigan, told the reporter.
Making meat from CO2 is a way to 14 [ri:′ju:z] it. It is hard to imagine that the food could be 15 (produce) from CO2, but that is exactly one of the astronauts’ foods. As we all know, the process is rather difficult. 16 the cost is very high. However, it makes the food 17 [n l ] 100 times more environment-friendly than others. Scientists are trying their 18 (good) to improve the process. And scientists want to make the public have the ability to afford it.
Then, making 19 (shoe) from CO2 is also a new technology. A sports shoe company is trying to make parts of shoes with carbon.
Besides, Air Company is selling a kind of perfume (香水) made 20 CO2. The perfume helps the new company get popular with the young.
（2022春·福建福州·九年级福州三牧中学校考期中）Earth Hour is a global event organized by WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature). It falls on the last 21 ['s t de ] of March every year. On this day, every family and business will turn off their non-essential lights and other electrical things for 22 hour to tell people the need to take action on climate change.
Earth Hour was first 23 (hold) four years ago in Sydney, 24 [ 'stre l ]. About 2.2 million people and thousands of business turn off their non-essential lights. Following Sydney’s lead, many other cities around the world adopted the event in March 2008. More than 400 cities, thousands of business and over 50 25 (million) people around the world turned off their lights for one hour. Earth Hour 2009 was much larger. 88 26 (country) and 4,088 cities took part in Earth Hour 2009. It is ten times more cities than Earth Hour 2008 27 (have).
Earth Hour 2010 took place on March 27, 2010 28 8:30 pm to 9:30 pm local time. We believe it must be another largest climate event in the 29 ['h st ri].
We have only one 30 . Let’s love it.
（2022秋·福建福州·九年级统考期末）As the world’s third-longest river, the Yangtze River runs through one-fifth of China’s land area. The Yangtze River Economic(经济带) 31 /'k v z/ eleven provinces and cities, making up about forty percent of China’s total population and GDP.
On December 26, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which came into force on March 1, 2021. It is the 32 (one) law to protect a waterway in China.
33 mother river is in great need of protection because something is 34 /r / with it. For example, because of overfishing and water pollution, the river’s Chinese paddlefish has died out there. There’s also desertified (沙漠化) land and soil pollution near the river.
Fishing will not be 35 (allow) in all of the Yangtze’s natural waterways,including its major branches and lakes. Those who are 36 /k :t/ fishing will be fined 50,000 to 500,000 yuan, 37 to Xinhua news agency.
Digging sand will be 38 (strict) limited in the river. Many companies are digging sand along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water to decline (下降).
Companies and factories along the river will need to focus on the green 39 (develop). They will be moved away 40 their activities do harm to the waterways, the law says.
（2021秋·福建龙岩·九年级统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个格内填入一个适当的单词。
The Yangtze River is China’s mother river. On December 26th, 2020, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which has 41 (take) effect since March 1st, 2021. It is the first law to 42 /pr tekt/ a waterway in China.
The “mother river” is in great need of protection 43 something is wrong with it. For example, because of overfishing and water pollution, the Chinese paddlefish that used to live in the Yangtze River has died 44 after surviving for 150 million years. There’s also desertified (荒漠化的) land and soil pollution near the upstream part of the river in Qinghai Province.
The Yangtze River Protection Law includes bans on 45 / k t v t / that could damage the river. It also includes heavier punishment for those who don’t follow the law.
According to the law, 46 (fish) will be banned in all of the Yangtze’s natural waterways including 47 (it) main lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined 50,000 to 500,000 yuan.
Sand mining (开采) will be strictly limited in the river valley. Many companies are mining sand along the river as sand is a rare resource. However, this has led 48 lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water quality to decline.
According to the law, companies along the river will need to care about green 49 (panies that produce 50 / de nd r s/ chemicals will be asked to move away.
（2021秋·福建南平·九年级统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Do you play Ant Forest It is 51 online game on Alipay. Players 52 /k 'lekt/ “energy” by doing something environmentally-friendly. They can grow and water 53 (they) own “trees” with the “energy”. 54 the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies (公司) will plant real trees in the desert area of China. Every year millions of trees are 55 (plant) in this way.
This is part of China’s tree-planting 56 /'pr ɡr m/. It hopes to stop the desert from becoming larger. Since 1978, China has planted over 66 billion trees 57 the north. It is known as “the Great Green Wall”. For example, Saihanba in Hebei Province was 58 /w ns/ a desert, but now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.
“China is making the world much 59 (green) than before. It sets a good example and has many 60 (lesson) to share with the world.” said the United Nations Environment Program.
（2021秋·福建龙岩·九年级统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确, 使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
A report shows that the processing center has to deal with a lot of garbage every day. The garbage has 61 by over 2, 000 tons since last year. The main 62 / ri zn/for that is takeout (外卖)food . To 63 this problem, Beijing passed a rule last year. According 64 the rule, takeout food companies (公司), hotels, and restaurants don’t 65 / f / plastic boxes and bags for free any more.
Eleme, Meituan and Baidu, the three of China’s takeout food companies, receive about 60 million orders every day. If each order 66 (produce) one plastic bag and two plastic boxes, the used boxes would be 2, 400 kilometers 67 in a line. And if we put the plastic bags together they would cover 1. 2 million square meters—even 68 (big) than 168 soccer fields. However, the government might need more 69 (method) to make the rule effective. But if customers ask takeout food companies to use plastic bags, what should the companies do So it is necessary to 70 people’s eating habits, too. After all, we only have one earth.
（2022·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，形式正确，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。
Look up at the sky at night. What can you see Less than 100 years ago, everyone could look up and see the night sky full of stars. Now, in most big cities we can see few or no stars. Why That’s 71 light fills the skies over our cities.
Air, water, and noise pollution are not new to us, but do you know that light can also be 72 kind of pollution The improper use of lights—known as light pollution — may have serious effects on humans, wildlife and weather conditions.
Cities and towns usually have more light pollution 73 the countryside. Much outdoor lighting 74 (use) at night for offices, factories, streetlights and sports centers is much too bright and sometimes 75 (complete) unnecessary.
Some scientists are finding ways to stop light pollution and make our lives 76 (good). The good news is that light pollution, unlike many other kinds of pollution, is controllable and each one of us can make a difference! Just 77 (realize) that light pollution is a problem is not enough: what we need is action. 78 example, many streetlights now have covers. The covers let the light only 79 [p nt] to the ground. They stop the light from going up into the sky. They also save 80 [ en d i]. The covers are a small change, but they can still have a good effect.
参考答案：
1．increased 2．main 3．solve 4．to 5．offer 6．produces 7．long
8．bigger 9．government 10．it
【导语】本文主要介绍了外卖食品塑料袋给环境造成的污染问题，以及政府对此问题采取的措施。最后呼吁大家保护环境，改变饮食习惯，爱护地球。
1．句意：自从去年以来，垃圾已经增长了2000多吨。increase“增加”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填increased。
2．句意：主要的原因是外卖食品。根据音标可知，此处是单词main“主要的”。故填main。
3．句意：为了解决这个问题，北京去年颁布了一项法令。根据“Beijing passed a rule last year.”可知，是为了解决这个问题，solve“解决”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填solve。
4．句意：根据规定，外卖公司、酒店和饭店不再免费提供塑料盒子和塑料袋。根据“According...the rule,”可知，此处缺少介词to，according to“根据，按照”。故填to。
5．句意：根据规定，外卖公司、酒店和饭店不再免费提供塑料盒子和塑料袋。此处缺少动原形，根据音标可知应填offer“提供”。故填offer。
6．句意：如果每个订单生产一个塑料袋和两个塑料盒，那么如果放在一条线上，用过的盒子将有2400公里长。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，根据主语“each order”可知，谓语动词应该用单数produces“生产”。故填produces。
7．句意：如果每个订单生产一个塑料袋和两个塑料盒，那么如果放在一条线上，用过的盒子将有2400公里长。根据“the used boxes would be 2,400 kilometers”可知是2400公里长，long“长”。故填long。
8．句意：如果我们把这些塑料放在一起，他们会覆盖120万平方米，甚至比168个足球场还要大。根据“than”可知，此处缺少形容词比较级。故填bigger。
9．句意：然而，政府可能需要更多的方法去让这一法令有效。根据音标可知，此处是单词government“政府”。故填government。
10．句意：所以，改变人们的饮食习惯也是很有必要的。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”。故填it。
11．change 12．studying 13．a 14．reuse 15．produced 16．And 17．nearly 18．best 19．shoes 20．from
【导语】本文讲述了为了解决由碳排放造成的极端天气，许多科技公司捕获或再利用二氧化碳。
11．句意：由于环境变化，今年世界经历了许多极端天气。根据音标可知，为名词change，environmental change意为“环境变化”，故填change。
12．句意：经过多年的研究，科学家们认为碳排放是主要原因。介词after后跟动名词形式，study的动名词为studying，故填studying。
13．句意：密歇根大学的研究员Volker Sick告诉记者：“碳的美妙之处在于你可以制造很多不同的东西。”。此处指“一个研究员”，表示泛指，researcher以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。
14．句意：用二氧化碳制造肉类是一种重复利用二氧化碳的方法。根据音标可知，为动词reuse，意为“重复利用”，a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，故填reuse。
15．句意：很难想象这些食物是由二氧化碳产生的，但这正是宇航员的食物之一。分析句子可知，主语“the food”与动词之间是被动关系，所以该句为带有情态动词的被动语态“could be done”，所以此处用produce的过去分词produced，故填produced。
16．句意：而且成本非常高。根据“the process is rather difficult”和“the cost is very high”可知，此处表示递进关系，所以用并列连词and，句首首字母大写，故填And。
17．句意：然而，它使这种食物比其他食物环保近100倍。根据音标可知，此处为副词nearly，意为“几乎，将近”，故填nearly。
18．句意：科学家们正在尽力改进这一过程。try one’s best to do意为“尽全力做某事”，所以此处填good的最高级best，故填best。
19．句意：然后，用二氧化碳制造鞋子也是一项新技术。shoe意为“鞋”，此处应用名词复数表示泛指，故填shoes。
20．句意：此外，航空公司正在销售一种由二氧化碳制成的香水。made from意为“由……制成的”，看不出原材料，故填from。
21．Saturday 22．an/one 23．held 24．Australia 25．million 26．countries 27．had 28．from 29．history 30．earth
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了“地球一小时”活动的起源，发展，庆祝方式及目的等信息。
21．句意：它在每年三月的最后一个周六。根据音标提示可知英文表达为Saturday，意为“周六”，专有名词首字母需要大写，故填Saturday。
22．句意：在这一天，为了告诉人们为气候变化行动的需要，每个家庭和企业将关闭不必要的灯和其它的电子用品一个小时。根据“Earth Hour”可知是关闭一小时，而hour“小时”为元音音素开头，故填an/one。
23．句意：四年前地球一小时首次在澳大利亚的悉尼被举行。句子的主语Earth Hour和谓语动词hold为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故填held。
24．句意：四年前地球一小时首先在澳大利亚的悉尼被举行。根据音标提示可知英文表达为Australia，意为“澳大利亚”，专有名词，首字母需要大写，故填Australia。
25．句意：超过400个城市，数以千计的企业和世界各地5000多万人关灯一小时。million“百万”，前面有具体数字，用其原形，故填million。
26．句意：88个国家和4088个城市参加了2009年的地球一小时活动。country“国家”，可数名词，根据“88”可知，此处应填其复数形式，故填countries。
27．句意：这次参加的城市超过2008年地球一小时活动的十倍。根据“2008”可知时态为一般过去时，故填had。
28．句意：2010年地球一小时活动在2010年3月27日从本地时间晚上8:30到9:30举行。from...to...“从……到……”符合语境，故填from。
29．句意：我们相信它一定是历史上又一次最大的气候事件。根据音标提示可知英文表达为history，意为“历史”，in the history“历史上”符合语境，故填history。
30．句意：我们只有一个地球。根据文章可知本文讲述了地球一小时活动，所以此处应是说只有一个地球，故填earth。
31．covers 32．first 33．The 34．wrong 35．allowed 36．caught 37．according 38．strictly 39．development 40．if
【导语】本文主要介绍了我们的母亲河—长江的相关情况。
31．句意：长江经济带覆盖11个省市，约占中国总人口和GDP的40%。根据音标可知，此空应填动词三单covers“覆盖”，故填covers。
32．句意：这是中国第一部保护水道的法律。根据the可知，此空应填序数词first“第一”，故填first。
33．句意：母亲河非常需要保护，因为它出了问题。根据“mother river”可知，此处指特指“母亲河”，应填冠词the表特指，故填The。
34．句意：母亲河非常需要保护，因为它出了问题。根据音标可知，此空应填wrong“有问题的”，故填wrong。
35．句意：长江的所有天然水道，包括主要支流和湖泊，都不允许捕鱼。fish与allow之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态be done的结构，此空应填过去分词，故填allowed。
36．句意：据新华通讯社报道，被抓到捕鱼的人将被罚款5万至50万元。根据音标可知，此空应填过去分词caught“抓到”，故填caught。
37．句意：据新华通讯社报道，被抓到捕鱼的人将被罚款5万至50万元。根据“to Xinhua news agency”可知，此处应填according to表示“根据”，故填according。
38．句意：在河里挖沙将受到严格限制。此空修饰动词limited，应填副词，故填strictly。
39．句意：沿河的公司和工厂需要专注于绿色发展。此空应填名词作动词短语focus on的宾语，develop对应的名词是development“发展”，故填development。
40．句意：法律规定，如果他们的活动对水道造成损害，他们将被转移。“their activities do harm to the waterways”是前半句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
41．taken 42．protect 43．because 44．out 45．activity 46．fishing 47．its 48．to 49．development 50．dangerous
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了中国母亲河“长江”受到了中国法律的保护，受法律保护的原因及受法律保护的内容。
41．句意：在2020年12月26日，中国通过了长江保护法，此法自2021年3月1日以来已经生效。根据“which has… (take) effect since March 1st, 2021.”可知此处是指自从2021年3月1日以来它已经起作用了我，前面的词语是“has”，所以空处要用过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填taken。
42．句意：它是中国第一部保护水道的法律。根据“It is the first law to…/pr tekt/ a waterway in China.”可知不定“to”后面要加动词原形，故填protect。
43．句意：这个母亲河急需保护，因为出了问题。根据“The ‘mother river’ is in great need of protection…something is wrong with it.”可知这两个句子是因果关系，故填because。
44．句意：例如，由于过度捕捞和水污染，过去生活在长江里的中华白鲟存活了15000万年之后已经灭绝了。根据“…the Chinese paddlefish that used to live in the Yangtze River has died …”可知中华白鲟已经灭绝了，“die out灭绝”动词短语，故填out。
45．句意：长江保护法包括会损害长江的活动的禁令。根据“The Yangtze River Protection Law includes bans on…/ k t v t / that could damage the river.”可知禁令是对于会毁坏长江的活动，故填activity。
46．句意：根据这部法律，禁止在所有的长江的天然水道捕鱼，包括它的主要的湖泊。根据“According to the law, …(fish) will be banned”可知空处“动名词”作主语，意思是“捕鱼”。故填fishing。
47．句意：根据这部法律，禁止在所有的长江的天然水道捕鱼，包括它的主要的湖泊。根据“…(it) main lakes.”可知“lakes”是名词，故前面需要物主代词来修饰。故填its。
48．句意：然而，这已经导致了河流水位下降，水位下降导致了河水质量的下降。根据“However, this has led…lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river’s water quality to decline.”可知导致了河流水位下降，“导致”是动词短语，故填to。
49．句意：根据此法律，沿河的公司将需要关心绿色发展。“According to the law, companies along the river will need to care about green…(develop).”可知“green”是形容词，后面需要名词，需要把动词“develop”变成名词，故填development。
50．句意：生产危险化学品的公司将被要求搬走。根据“Companies that produce…/ de nd r s/ chemicals will be asked to move away.”可知“chemicals”是名词，前面需要形容词来修饰，故填dangerous。
51．an 52．collect 53．their 54．When/If 55．planted 56．program 57．in 58．once 59．greener 60．lessons
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国的植树计划——支付宝的蚂蚁森林，包括其如何运作以及如何造福地球。
51．句意：它是支付宝上的一款在线游戏。根据“online game”可知，“游戏”为可数名词，此处表泛指“一款在线游戏”，故应用不定冠词a或an，由于“online”以元音音素开头，故应用an。故填an。
52．句意：玩家通过做一些对环境友好的事情来收集“能量”。根据音标提示可知，空格处为collect“收集”。故填collect。
53．句意：他们可以用“能量”来生长和浇灌自己的“树”。they“他们”，人称代词主格形式。根据“own ‘trees’ ”可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词one’s own+名词，表示“某人自己的东西”。故填their。
54．句意：当/如果这些“树”足够大时，支付宝和一些其他的公司就会在中国沙漠地区种植真正的树。根据“the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert area of China”可推测出，空格处为时间状语从句或条件状语从句，故应用when或if，此时首字母w或i要大写。故填When/If。
55．句意：每年数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植。plant“种植”，动词原形。根据“Every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，句子主语“millions of trees”与“plant”之间是被动关系，且主语为复数形式，故应用are planted，由“are”可知，空格处应用planted。故填planted。
56．句意：这是中国植树计划的一部分。根据音标提示可知，空格处为program“计划”。故填program。
57．句意：自1978年以来，中国已经在北方种植了660多亿棵树。根据“the north”可知，此处为“在北方”，其英文表达为in the north。故填in。
58．句意：例如，河北省塞罕坝曾经是一片沙漠，但现在它已成为中国最大的人工森林。根据音标提示可知，空格处为once“曾经”。故填once。
59．句意：中国正在使世界变得比以前更绿。green“绿色的”，形容词。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，即greener。故填greener。
60．句意：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验可以与世界分享。lesson“经验”，可数名词。根据“many”可知，空格处应用名词的复数形式。故填lessons。
61．increased/grown 62．reason 63．solve 64．to 65．offer 66．produces 67．long 68．bigger 69．methods 70．change
【导语】本文主要介绍了外卖食品塑料袋给环境造成的污染问题，以及政府对此问题采取的措施。最后呼吁大家保护环境，改变饮食习惯，爱护地球。
61．句意：自从去年以来，垃圾已经增长了2000多吨。根据“since last year”可知，此处应该用现在完成时，结构为have/has done；由“A report shows that the processing center has to deal with a lot of garbage every day.”可知垃圾污染问题很严重，故应该是增长了2000多吨，increase/grow符合语境。故填increased/grown。
62．句意：主要的原因是外卖食品。根据音标“/ ri zn/”可知，应填reason“原因”，表示外卖食品是造成垃圾污染的主要原因。故填reason。
63．句意：为了解决这个问题，北京去年颁布了一项法令。根据“Beijing passed a rule last year.”可知，是为了解决这个问题。故填solve。
64．句意：根据规定，外卖公司、酒店和饭店不再免费提供塑料盒子和塑料袋。根据“According...the rule,”可知，此处缺少介词to，according to“根据，按照”。故填to。
65．句意：根据规定，外卖公司、酒店和饭店不再免费提供塑料盒子和塑料袋。此处缺少动原形，根据音标“/ f /”，可知应填offer“提供”。故填offer。
66．句意：如果每一个订单都产生一个塑料袋和两个塑料盒子，使用过的塑料盒排成一排就会有2400千米长。根据主语“each order”可知，谓语动词应该用单数。故填produces。
67．句意：如果每一个订单都产生一个塑料袋和两个塑料盒子，使用过的塑料盒排成一排就会有2400千米长。根据“in a line”可知，应该指的是长度。故填long。
68．句意：如果我们把这些塑料放在一起，他们会覆盖120万平方米，甚至比168个足球场还要大。根据“than”可知，此处缺少形容词比较级。故填bigger。
69．句意：然而，政府可能需要更多的方法去让这一法令有效。method“方法”是可数名词，此处用“more”修饰，应该变复数。故填methods。
70．句意：所以，改变人们的饮食习惯也是很有必要的。根据“people’s eating habits,”可知，应该是改变饮食习惯。故填change。
71．because 72．a 73．than 74．used 75．completely 76．better 77．realizing 78．For 79．point 80．energy
【导语】本文介绍了光污染可能对人们，野生动物和天气状况都有严重的影响。一些科学家正在寻找方法来阻止光污染，让我们的生活更好。
71．句意：那是因为我们城市的天空充满了光。根据前文的“Why ”可知，此处回答原因，That’s because…表示“那是因为……”，故填because。
72．句意：空气、水和噪音污染对我们来说并不新鲜，但你知道光也可以是一种污染吗？kind是辅音音素开头的单数名词，因此用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
73．句意：城市和城镇通常比农村有更多的光污染。根据“more”可知，此处表示比较，用介词than“比”，故填than。
74．句意：办公室、工厂、街灯和体育中心在晚上使用的许多室外照明太过明亮，有时是完全不必要的。use“使用”，是动词，此处被修饰词much outdoor lighting与定语之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。
75．句意：办公室、工厂、街灯和体育中心在晚上使用的许多室外照明太过明亮，有时是完全不必要的。complete“完全的”，是形容词，修饰形容词unnecessary，用副词，故填completely。
76．句意：一些科学家正在寻找阻止光污染的方法，使我们的生活更美好。good“好的”，是形容词，根据句意，寻找阻止光污染的方法，是为了让我们的生活更好，因此用good的比较级，故填better。
77．句意：只意识到光污染是一个问题是不够的，我们需要的是行动。realize“意识到”，是动词，此处作主语，用动名词短语，故填realizing。
78．句意：例如，许多街灯现在都有盖子。for example“例如”，故填For。
79．句意：这些盖子让灯光只指向地面。根据音标[p nt]，可知此处为point“指向”，故填point。
80．句意：它们也节约能源。根据音标[ en d i]，可知此处为energy“能源”，故填energy。