河南省许平汝名校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why did the woman go to Mallorca
A. To learn Spanish. B. To look for a job. C. To see a friend.
2. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Take him to hospital. B. Go to a class with him. C. Submit a report for him.
3. Who will look after the children
A. Jennifer. B. Suzy. C. Marie.
4. What are the speakers going to do
A. Drive home. B. Go shopping. C. Eat out.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. How to fry fish. B. How to make coffee. C. How to remove a bad smell.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。
6. When does Gomez watch a football game on TV
A. When the stadium is crowded.
B. When he fails to get a ticket.
C. When his friends are too busy.
7. How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A. $20. B. $25. C. $50.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. What did Alex do in the afternoon
A. He had a walk. B. He went hunting. C. He planted trees.
9. What did Alex bring back
A. Flowers. B. Books. C. Leaves.
10. What was Bob doing when Alex saw him
A. Fishing. B. Taking pictures. C. Swimming.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. What did David do on his most recent holiday
A. He had a boat trip. B. He climbed a mountain. C. He took a balloon flight.
12. What is on David’s list
A. Things he wished to do. B. Gifts he needed to buy. C. Dates he had to remember.
13. Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday
A. Mount Fuji. B. The deep sea. C. The Amazon.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. Why did Sarah make the phone call
A. To ask a favor. B. To pass on a message. C. To make an appointment.
15. Where is Sarah now
A. At a meeting room. B. At her home. C. At the Shelton Hotel.
16. What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning
A. At 7:40. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:20.
17. What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. What do most people think is very important in spoken communication
A. Pronunciation. B. Grammar. C. Vocabulary.
19. Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker
A. To develop your reading fluency.
B. To improve your note-taking skills.
C. To find out your mispronunciations.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestion
A. Spell out the difficult words.
B. Check the words in a dictionary.
C. Practice reading the words aloud.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Best Plants to Give as Gifts
Choosing a gift for someone is always a challenge. Giving plants is one way to try if the recipient is already a plant-lover. Here are some sure to impress as thoughtful gifts.
Jade Plant
The jade plant is a large succulent (肉质植物) that makes a perfect gift for someone who’s mastered parenting succulents. With a woody stem (茎), it looks like a tree once growing tall enough. Besides occasional watering and a bright window, the jade plant has few other requirements. A good challenge for ambitious owners is to regularly cut off its heavy leaves to reduce weight.
Christmas Cactus
This is a succulent with eye-catching flowers that appear in winter. You might assume it a picky plant, but nothing could be further than the truth. It prefers bright, indirect light and grows well in average potting soil. This plant prefers a steady watering schedule, especially in winter. To encourage more growth, plant it in a hanging container that allows its branches to hang down.
Paperwhite
Some people just aren’t interested in keeping houseplants around long-term, and paperwhite flowers are an excellent gift for anyone you know who fits this mould. Paperwhites grow from bulbs (鳞茎) and will produce flowers out of season. The roots need to be kept relatively damp, but once they are blooming (开花), there’s not much that can go wrong. They can be replanted outside after they have run their course.
Corn Plant
The corn plant is forgiving of variable light conditions and watering routines. It grows slowly, but can reach a height of four to six feet, and can make an impressive floor plant. Its leaves turn paler in direct sunlight to reflect the extra light, and darker green in shady conditions to maximize sunlight absorption.
1. Which plant requires practised gardening experience
A. Jade plant. B. Christmas cactus. C. Paperwhite. D. Corn plant.
2. How can we help a Christmas cactus grow well
A. By replanting it outside before blooming. B. By watering it regularly during blooming.
C. By cutting off most of its heavy leaves. D. By making its branches grow upwards.
3. What affects the colour of leaves of a corn plant
A The frequency of watering. B. Its flowering time.
C. Its rate of growing. D. The amount of sunlight.
B
Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life. He was often stopped on the street, and is regularly called “the man from the zoo”.
Creighton’s father and his brother also worked at Dublin Zoo. “I don’t ever remember not being in the zoo,” he said.
Creighton’s passion for animal welfare is clear, and not something that has reduced over the years — for him, or his father. Just a few hours earlier he was at the vet’s with his father where their 15-year-old German shepherd had to be put to sleep. “For any zookeeper, losing an animal is like losing a part of yourself,” said Creighton. He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as something gut-wrenching.
In January 2021, he left Dublin Zoo and started his own consultancy agency, Global Elephant Care. He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild, but nevertheless talks straightly about their situation. There are about 40,000 Asian elephants left in the world. In an hour, there will probably be five or six African elephants killed for their ivory.
Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.
4. Why is Creighton familiar to media
A. He was involved in a TV program.
B. He filmed a documentary on the people.
C. He posted his work life in the zoo online.
D. He was the zookeeper of the popular zoo.
5. What does the underlined word “gut-wrenching” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Too proud. B. Greatly cheerful.
C. Quite helpless. D. Extremely upset.
6. What is Creighton’s purpose of establishing Global Elephant Care
A. To raise money to help elephants.
B. To guarantee the elephants’ welfare.
C. To manage the elephants in the wild.
D. To improve elephants’ living conditions.
7. What can be used to describe Creighton
A. Efficient and just. B. Sociable and loyal.
C. Caring and optimistic. D. Sensitive and mean.
C
A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours.
“For many decades scientists thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution,” said senior study author Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between air pollution and cognition.”
For the study the researchers briefly exposed 25 healthy adults to diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a laboratory setting. Brain activity was measured before and after each exposure using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN), a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air.
“We know that altered functional connectivity in the DMN has been associated with reduced cognitive performance and symptoms of depression, so it’s concerning to see traffic pollution interrupting these same networks,” said Dr. Jodie Gawryluk, a psychology professor at the University of Victoria and the study’s first author. “While more research is needed to fully understand the functional impacts of these changes, it’s possible that they may impair (损害) people’s thinking or ability to work.”
Notably, the changes in the brain were temporary and participants’ connectivity returned to normal after the exposure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust.
8. How does traffic pollution affect people according to the study
A. Exhausting their body. B. Decreasing their income.
C. Endangering their safety. D. Harming their brain function.
9. What may the DMN be responsible for
A. Growth. B. Sport. C. Memory. D. Behaviour.
10. What can people do to reduce the impact according to Dr. Carlsten
A. Avoid being exposed to the polluted air constantly.
B. Be mindful of the air quality in a new city.
C. Measure the brain activity in laboratories.
D. Stay inside a house as often as possible.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. A Role Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B. Traffic Pollution May Impair Brain Function
C. A Famous UK University Did A Vital Study
D. A Source Of Pollution Has Drawn People’s Attention
D
In recent years, studies have suggested how the bisphenol A (BPA) in some food-packaging plastics has been linked to various health problems including heart disease and developmental difficulties in children. Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of.
However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container.
Building on previous studies, an international team has researched a type of agricultural waste known as tomato pomace. This material typically consists of tomato skins, seeds and stems, which are left over after the fruits have been processed for use in foods such as sauces or juices. Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value.
The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal.
The scientists now plan on testing the coating on actual cans. “We would take tomato sauce, and other foods that are usually sold in cans, and we would sterilize them, put them in tins and check if they withstand real conditions,” said a scientist.
12. Which of the following is the most likely to use the plastic coating
A. A pot full of water.
B. A cup filled with coffee.
C. A tin containing apple juice.
D. An iron box stuffed with packaged food.
13. What do we know about tomato pomace
A. It’s used as animal’s food with rich nutrition.
B. It has been used in the plastic coatings.
C. People use it to make sauce or juice.
D. People usually treat it in many ways.
14. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A. How the new coating is created. B. Why heating is important.
C. Why high temperature is needed. D. What other materials are included.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To present a scientific study. B. To introduce a new material.
C. To show a complex process. D. To teach an actual test.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Overcome the Post-vacation Blues
Many people who travel on vacation may find themselves experiencing post-vacation blues, also known as post-vacation depression. ___16___ However unpleasant it may be, though, it can be overcome with some tips.
Adjust your sleep schedule ahead of time. Many travelers experience jet lag(时差反应)after traveling, especially if the trip crossed one or more time zones. Jet lag can affect your ability to sleep on a normal schedule, making you distracted after your vacation. ___17___ It can help make the transition back to your normal life a little easier.
___18___ Having a work out routine that you stick to while you’re traveling can help keep you in shape and reduce stress and tiredness. If you continue that habit after you return from your trip, your body will have a sense of physical stability and release endorphins, which can help fight depression as well.
Introduce elements of your trip into your daily life. If you really enjoy the cuisine on your trip, make a point of learning to cook dishes from that culture at home. If you love hearing and speaking a foreign language, commit to taking language or culture classes at a local community college. ___19___
Carry reminders of home while you travel. ___20___ This may help ease the transition back into your normal routine when you return from your trip. Even small, easy-to-pack items like a photograph of your family or some other frequently-encountered objects can help.
A. Exercise while you’re on vacation.
B. Know what to expect when you return.
C. Souvenirs can remind you of the fun time you had.
D. This condition is marked by distress and discomfort after vacation.
E. Adapt yourself to your home time zone days earlier before returning.
F. Altogether, keep the excitement of discovery alive wherever you live.
G. Studies suggest it can help reduce the sense of being in a new environment.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chiara suffered a stroke when she was two years old. The disease led to her developing hemiplegia (偏瘫)—a condition that causes ____21____ on the right side of her body. As she grew up, she was always trying to ____22____ her disabled arm behind her back, afraid of receiving negative ____23____ from others.
But a(n)____24____—one she hadn’t intended to upload at first because it would ____25____ her arm to the public—started her journey towards becoming a video logger. “This is the only photo of me and my grandparents, who gave me the most ____26____ but had passed away. I really ____27____ the picture and decided not to hide it anymore. So I posted it online,” said Chiara. The ____28____ decision inspired her to share her experiences with the world.
“My ____29____ was always that I looked different, which was quite a hard thing to deal with,” she said. “Unexpectedly, ____30____ getting any unfriendly response—I got numerous ____31____ remarks on the contrary.”
Pretty soon, she was more than happy to share more about her life and even her ____32____ about how to live with only one hand as ____33____ as she could.
Now she has made videos for some charities to ____34____ life for those who are like her. She says, “People have said. ‘You’ve ____35____ me that my child can be dependent.’”
Looking back, Chiara said she’s really proud of how far she’s come.
21.
A. marks B. wounds C. weakness D. pain
22.
A. ignore B. hide C. cure D. stretch
23.
A. number B. connection C. comments D. emotions
24.
A file B. remark C. essay D. photo
25.
A. expose B. introduce C. compare D. limit
26.
A. doubt B. affection C. warnings D. presents
27.
A. treasured B. feared C. missed D. updated
28.
A. uncertain B. courageous C. regretful D. quick
29.
A. reward B. ambition C. struggle D. faith
30.
A. ahead of B. due to C. other than D. instead of
31.
A. appreciative B. casual C. critical D. offensive
32.
A. resolutions B. jokes C. tips D. missions
33.
A. cautiously B. independently C. frequently D. peacefully
34.
A. think over B. figure out C. rely on D. light up
35.
A. convinced B. cheated C. defeated D. threatened
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Placed among the busy streets of Washington, D. C. is a large public garden that many Americans have never heard of. The U. S. National Arboretum (植物园) includes ___36___ collection of flowering plants called azaleas, a field of native plants named ferns, and flowering trees in the dogwood tree area. The garden ___37___ (establish) by Congress in 1927. It plays a leading part in researching and developing plants like trees, shrubs, flowers, and grasses.
Government scientists are in charge of the 180-hectare area. Their main goal is ___38___(strengthen) the U. S. economy by making sure an important kind of agriculture, ___39___ (call) the nursery industry, continues to perform well. The most recent numbers from the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) show that the ornamental and landscape plant industry creates billions of founds in sales each year.
The arboretum is home to one of the ___40___ (large) collections of preserved seeds in the world. The National Arboretum Herbarium (植物标本) ___41___ (house) around 700000 ex-ample seeds. They include seeds from plants that the USDA considers as ___42___(economical) important. Scientists collect many genetically different seeds within a kind of plant from both native and non-native plants. The reason ___43___ collecting that data is that scientists protect plants from harmful situations like climate change, changed environments, or other new and possible risks.
While the scientists do their work, the public ___44___ (explore) plants is free to visit the arboretum. Though many people may not know it, the arboretum has had a hand in developing a number of plants ____45____ are part of American landscaping.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 学校英语俱乐部就“Should AI Be Applied to Our Study ”的话题展开辩论赛。请你作为反方一辩，表达你的观点，内容包括：
1. 你方观点；
2. 陈述理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Honorable judges and distinguished friends,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Beth was in hospital with viral pneumonia (肺炎). She felt down and she missed her parents terribly, who were far away in Europe on business. She lay in her bed crying when one nurse came in and recognized her sadness and loneliness. The nurse looked at the pale little girl worriedly, knowing that one of the greatest setbacks to recovery is often depression. Like the rest of the medical staff, she was overworked and couldn’t sit and keep Beth company all the time. Then she had a brilliant idea! Maybe she could kill two birds with one stone! Just at the end of the corridor (走廊), she had a patient who was just as lonely as Beth...
The nurse walked into Georgiana Halston’s room and smiled, “Didn’t you tell me you have a granddaughter, Mrs Halston ” Georgiana, who was lying on the bed and looking listlessly (没精打采地) out of the window, sighed. “Yes. I have a 7-year-old granddaughter, but she is in Canada. And she hardly calls me, because I don’t know what she like and she think it boring to chat with me.”
“Well,” the nurse said. “I have a 7-year-old down the corridor who is very lonely and needs a friend. I wonder if you could cheer her up a bit and be that friend ”
“But my leg hurts,” Georgiana said. “I can’t walk. You know that.”
“I know that your doctor want you out of bed and to walk around,” the nurse retorted. “If you don’t move, you’ll end up bedridden!”
Georgiana had been diagnosed with a form of bone disease and got a big operation. She was still in bed, but she should be up to exercise her leg. However, the truth is that she was afraid her leg would suffer terrible pain. After the nurse left, Georgiana lay on her bed for a long time, feeling sad for herself. Georgiana looked at the walker next to her bed and sighed. The matter of the lonely little girl haunted her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Georgiana picked her walker and headed for the girl’s room.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A while later, the nurse appeared in Beth’s room.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1—5 BCAAC 6—10 BBABC 11—15 CACAC 16—20 ACCBB河南省许平汝名校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why did the woman go to Mallorca
A. To learn Spanish. B. To look for a job. C. To see a friend.
2. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Take him to hospital. B. Go to a class with him. C. Submit a report for him.
3. Who will look after the children
A. Jennifer. B. Suzy. C. Marie.
4. What are the speakers going to do
A. Drive home. B. Go shopping. C. Eat out.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. How to fry fish. B. How to make coffee. C. How to remove a bad smell.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分 22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。
6. When does Gomez watch a football game on TV
A. When the stadium is crowded.
B. When he fails to get a ticket.
C. When his friends are too busy.
7. How much did Gomez pay for the football game last time
A. $20. B. $25. C. $50.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. What did Alex do in the afternoon
A. He had a walk. B. He went hunting. C. He planted trees.
9. What did Alex bring back
A. Flowers. B. Books. C. Leaves.
10. What was Bob doing when Alex saw him
A. Fishing. B. Taking pictures. C. Swimming.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. What did David do on his most recent holiday
A. He had a boat trip. B. He climbed a mountain. C. He took a balloon flight.
12. What is on David’s list
A. Things he wished to do. B. Gifts he needed to buy. C. Dates he had to remember.
13. Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday
A. Mount Fuji. B. The deep sea. C. The Amazon.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. Why did Sarah make the phone call
A. To ask a favor. B. To pass on a message. C. To make an appointment.
15. Where is Sarah now
A. At a meeting room. B. At her home. C. At the Shelton Hotel.
16. What time is Michael leaving his place tomorrow morning
A. At 7:40. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:20.
17. What is the probable relationship between John and Sarah
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. What do most people think is very important in spoken communication
A. Pronunciation. B. Grammar. C. Vocabulary.
19. Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker
A. To develop your reading fluency.
B. To improve your note-taking skills.
C. To find out your mispronunciations.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestion
A. Spell out the difficult words.
B. Check the words in a dictionary.
C. Practice reading the words aloud.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Best Plants to Give as Gifts
Choosing a gift for someone is always a challenge. Giving plants is one way to try if the recipient is already a plant-lover. Here are some sure to impress as thoughtful gifts.
Jade Plant
The jade plant is a large succulent (肉质植物) that makes a perfect gift for someone who’s mastered parenting succulents. With a woody stem (茎), it looks like a tree once growing tall enough. Besides occasional watering and a bright window, the jade plant has few other requirements. A good challenge for ambitious owners is to regularly cut off its heavy leaves to reduce weight.
Christmas Cactus
This is a succulent with eye-catching flowers that appear in winter. You might assume it a picky plant, but nothing could be further than the truth. It prefers bright, indirect light and grows well in average potting soil. This plant prefers a steady watering schedule, especially in winter. To encourage more growth, plant it in a hanging container that allows its branches to hang down.
Paperwhite
Some people just aren’t interested in keeping houseplants around long-term, and paperwhite flowers are an excellent gift for anyone you know who fits this mould. Paperwhites grow from bulbs (鳞茎) and will produce flowers out of season. The roots need to be kept relatively damp, but once they are blooming (开花), there’s not much that can go wrong. They can be replanted outside after they have run their course.
Corn Plant
The corn plant is forgiving of variable light conditions and watering routines. It grows slowly, but can reach a height of four to six feet, and can make an impressive floor plant. Its leaves turn paler in direct sunlight to reflect the extra light, and darker green in shady conditions to maximize sunlight absorption.
1. Which plant requires practised gardening experience
A. Jade plant. B. Christmas cactus. C. Paperwhite. D. Corn plant.
2. How can we help a Christmas cactus grow well
A. By replanting it outside before blooming. B. By watering it regularly during blooming.
C. By cutting off most of its heavy leaves. D. By making its branches grow upwards.
3. What affects the colour of leaves of a corn plant
A. The frequency of watering. B. Its flowering time.
C. Its rate of growing. D. The amount of sunlight.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种最适合作为礼物的植物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jade Plant介绍中的第一句“The jade plant is a large succulent that makes a perfect gift for someone who’s mastered parenting succulents. (玉石植物是一种大型多肉植物，对于那些精通多肉植物的人来说，这是一个完美的礼物)”可知，Jade plant是一种大型多肉植物，需要熟练的园艺经验。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Christmas Cactus介绍中的第一句“This is a succulent with eye-catching flowers that appear in winter. (这是一种多肉植物，在冬天开着引人注目的花)”和第四句“This plant prefers a steady watering schedule, especially in winter. (这种植物喜欢固定的浇水时间，尤其是在冬天)”可知，在冬季规律浇水能帮助圣诞仙人掌长得好。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Corn Plant介绍中的最后一句“Its leaves turn paler in direct sunlight to reflect the extra light, and darker green in shady conditions to maximize sunlight absorption. (它的叶子在阳光直射下变浅以反射额外的光线，在阴暗的条件下变深绿色，以最大限度地吸收阳光)”可知，光照量会影响玉米叶子的颜色。故选D。
B
Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life. He was often stopped on the street, and is regularly called “the man from the zoo”.
Creighton’s father and his brother also worked at Dublin Zoo. “I don’t ever remember not being in the zoo,” he said.
Creighton’s passion for animal welfare is clear, and not something that has reduced over the years — for him, or his father. Just a few hours earlier he was at the vet’s with his father where their 15-year-old German shepherd had to be put to sleep. “For any zookeeper, losing an animal is like losing a part of yourself,” said Creighton. He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as something gut-wrenching.
In January 2021, he left Dublin Zoo and started his own consultancy agency, Global Elephant Care. He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild, but nevertheless talks straightly about their situation. There are about 40,000 Asian elephants left in the world. In an hour, there will probably be five or six African elephants killed for their ivory.
Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.
4. Why is Creighton familiar to media
A. He was involved in a TV program.
B. He filmed a documentary on the people.
C. He posted his work life in the zoo online.
D. He was the zookeeper of the popular zoo.
5. What does the underlined word “gut-wrenching” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Too proud. B. Greatly cheerful.
C. Quite helpless. D. Extremely upset.
6. What is Creighton’s purpose of establishing Global Elephant Care
A. To raise money to help elephants.
B. To guarantee the elephants’ welfare.
C. To manage the elephants in the wild.
D. To improve elephants’ living conditions.
7. What can be used to describe Creighton
A. Efficient and just. B. Sociable and loyal.
C. Caring and optimistic. D. Sensitive and mean.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克里顿这位前动物园工作人员的故事，以及他对动物福祉的深厚情感和他在动物保护方面的工作。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life.(克里顿对媒体并不陌生，他曾经是某电视剧的主角，该剧通过幕后的视角展示了动物园生活的起起伏伏，至今仍然很受欢迎)”可知，克里顿对媒体并不陌生的原因是他曾经参加过一个电视节目，故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词上文“He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as(他目睹了一头老狮子的安乐死，这让那里的许多动物园管理员都流下了眼泪。一只50多岁的黑猩猩去世时，克雷顿和他的父亲多年来一直在照顾它。他还将1996年一头从运输集装箱中逃脱的犀牛的死亡描述为)”可知，犀牛从从运输集装箱中逃脱后死亡，这让克里顿感到很难过。由此推知，第三段划线部分的含义为“非常难过的”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，建立全球大象护理中心的目的是为了确保大象的福祉，而大象的福祉包括但不限于充足的食物供给、适宜的生活条件和环境、社会结构的维持、安全以及健康。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，克里顿是一个有关爱之心的人。根据最后一段“Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.(尽管世界各地的大象面临着残酷的现实，随着人类对其自然栖息地的日益侵占，克里顿还是微笑着面对)”可推知，克里顿是一个乐观的人。故选C项。
C
A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours.
“For many decades, scientists thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution,” said senior study author Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between air pollution and cognition.”
For the study, the researchers briefly exposed 25 healthy adults to diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a laboratory setting. Brain activity was measured before and after each exposure using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN), a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air.
“We know that altered functional connectivity in the DMN has been associated with reduced cognitive performance and symptoms of depression, so it’s concerning to see traffic pollution interrupting these same networks,” said Dr. Jodie Gawryluk, a psychology professor at the University of Victoria and the study’s first author. “While more research is needed to fully understand the functional impacts of these changes, it’s possible that they may impair (损害) people’s thinking or ability to work.”
Notably, the changes in the brain were temporary and participants’ connectivity returned to normal after the exposure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust.
8. How does traffic pollution affect people according to the study
A. Exhausting their body. B. Decreasing their income.
C. Endangering their safety. D. Harming their brain function.
9. What may the DMN be responsible for
A. Growth. B. Sport. C. Memory. D. Behaviour.
10. What can people do to reduce the impact according to Dr. Carlsten
A. Avoid being exposed to the polluted air constantly.
B. Be mindful of the air quality in a new city.
C. Measure the brain activity in laboratories.
D. Stay inside a house as often as possible.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. A Role Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B. Traffic Pollution May Impair Brain Function
C. A Famous UK University Did A Vital Study
D. A Source Of Pollution Has Drawn People’s Attention
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。
9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN) , a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air. (研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust. ( Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知， Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。
D
In recent years, studies have suggested how the bisphenol A (BPA) in some food-packaging plastics has been linked to various health problems including heart disease and developmental difficulties in children. Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of.
However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container.
Building on previous studies, an international team has researched a type of agricultural waste known as tomato pomace. This material typically consists of tomato skins, seeds and stems, which are left over after the fruits have been processed for use in foods such as sauces or juices. Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value.
The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal.
The scientists now plan on testing the coating on actual cans. “We would take tomato sauce, and other foods that are usually sold in cans, and we would sterilize them, put them in tins and check if they withstand real conditions,” said a scientist.
12. Which of the following is the most likely to use the plastic coating
A. A pot full of water.
B. A cup filled with coffee.
C. A tin containing apple juice.
D. An iron box stuffed with packaged food.
13. What do we know about tomato pomace
A. It’s used as animal’s food with rich nutrition.
B. It has been used in the plastic coatings.
C People use it to make sauce or juice.
D. People usually treat it in many ways.
14. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A. How the new coating is created. B. Why heating is important.
C. Why high temperature is needed. D. What other materials are included.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To present a scientific study. B. To introduce a new material.
C. To show a complex process. D. To teach an actual test.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题，因此科学家们使用番茄渣制成了一种新型涂层，以解决该问题，接下来研究人员会对该材料展开进一步的测试。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container. (然而，双酚A仍被广泛应用于如罐头等金属食品包装内部的塑料涂层。这些光滑的防水涂层有助于保护金属免受腐蚀，还可以防止食物粘在容器内部)”可知，这种塑料涂层是用在如罐头等金属食品包装内部，保护金属免受腐蚀，再结合选项可知，C项“装有苹果汁的罐头”最有可能使用这种涂层。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value. (通常情况下，番茄渣被简单地倾倒在垃圾填埋场，燃烧，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可以用于动物饲料，尽管它没有太多的营养价值)”可知，番茄渣的处理方式包括：当作垃圾被填埋、燃烧、制作堆肥、制成动物饲料。由此可知，人们通常以多种方式处理它。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal. (科学家们首先将番茄渣晒干——首先在阳光下晒三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16个小时——然后将其磨成粉末。随后将粉末与氢氧化钠溶液混合，然后在100℃下加热4小时。在反复过滤该溶液以去除氢氧化钠后，研究人员得到了一种脂质。然后将脂质混合到乙醇溶液中，再将乙醇溶液喷洒到一些金属样品上。一旦喷雾干燥，样品在20℃的烤箱中加热10到60分钟，成果是聚合漆涂层，被证明对保护金属非常有效)”可知，本段具体介绍了科学家们处理番茄渣，将其制成新涂层材料的操作步骤。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of. (因此，科学家们正在开发一种更无害的替代品，它是由番茄渣制成的，否则这些废弃物就会被处理掉)”可知，文章主要围绕科学家们使用番茄渣制成的一种新型涂层展开，介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题的背景情况，番茄渣这种材料的传统处理方式，并描述了这种新型涂层的制作步骤和效果，以及进一步的研究方向。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍一种新涂层材料。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Overcome the Post-vacation Blues
Many people who travel on vacation may find themselves experiencing post-vacation blues, also known as post-vacation depression. ___16___ However unpleasant it may be, though, it can be overcome with some tips.
Adjust your sleep schedule ahead of time. Many travelers experience jet lag(时差反应)after traveling, especially if the trip crossed one or more time zones. Jet lag can affect your ability to sleep on a normal schedule, making you distracted after your vacation. ___17___ It can help make the transition back to your normal life a little easier.
___18___ Having a work out routine that you stick to while you’re traveling can help keep you in shape and reduce stress and tiredness. If you continue that habit after you return from your trip, your body will have a sense of physical stability and release endorphins, which can help fight depression as well.
Introduce elements of your trip into your daily life. If you really enjoy the cuisine on your trip, make a point of learning to cook dishes from that culture at home. If you love hearing and speaking a foreign language, commit to taking language or culture classes at a local community college. ___19___
Carry reminders of home while you travel. ___20___ This may help ease the transition back into your normal routine when you return from your trip. Even small, easy-to-pack items like a photograph of your family or some other frequently-encountered objects can help.
A. Exercise while you’re on vacation.
B. Know what to expect when you return.
C. Souvenirs can remind you of the fun time you had.
D. This condition is marked by distress and discomfort after vacation.
E. Adapt yourself to your home time zone days earlier before returning.
F. Altogether, keep the excitement of discovery alive wherever you live.
G. Studies suggest it can help reduce the sense of being in a new environment.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们缓解节后综合征的方法。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Many people who travel on vacation may find themselves experiencing post-vacation blues, also known as post-vacation depression.(许多度假旅行的人可能会发现自己经历了假期后抑郁，也被称为假期后抑郁症。)”可知，很多人都会经历假期后抑郁。选项D“This condition is marked by distress and discomfort after vacation.(这种情况的特点是度假后感到痛苦和不适。)”延续上文内容，指出假期后抑郁的具体症状。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Jet lag can affect your ability to sleep on a normal schedule, making you distracted after your vacation.(时差会影响你按正常作息的能力，让你在度假后分心。)”可知，时差会影响我们的正常作息能力，让我们在度假后分心。选项E“Adapt yourself to your home time zone days earlier before returning.(回国前提前几天适应家乡的时区。)”指出我们可以提前适应自己家乡的时区，这样就自然引出下文“It can help make the transition back to your normal life a little easier.(它可以帮助你更容易地过渡到正常的生活。)”，选项E起承上启下的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Having a work out routine that you stick to while you’re traveling can help keep you in shape and reduce stress and tiredness. If you continue that habit after you return from your trip, your body will have a sense of physical stability and release endorphins, which can help fight depression as well.(当你旅行的时候，有一个你坚持的锻炼计划可以帮助你保持体形，减少压力和疲劳。如果你在旅行回来后继续这个习惯，你的身体会有一种稳定感，并释放内啡肽，这也有助于对抗抑郁症。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是即便我们在旅游，我们也应该坚持锻炼。选项A“Exercise while you’re on vacation(度假时锻炼。)”与本段内容相符。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文内容“Introduce elements of your trip into your daily life. If you really enjoy the cuisine on your trip, make a point of learning to cook dishes from that culture at home. If you love hearing and speaking a foreign language, commit to taking language or culture classes at a local community college.(把你的旅行元素引入你的日常生活。如果你在旅途中真的很喜欢当地的美食，那就在家里学习一下当地文化的菜肴。如果你喜欢听和说一门外语，那就去当地的社区大学学习语言或文化课程。)”可知，我们可以在日常生活中注入旅行的元素。选项F“Altogether, keep the excitement of discovery alive wherever you live.(总之，无论你住在哪里，都要保持发现的兴奋。)”是上文内容的总结，指的是将旅行元素引入我们的日常生活，这样我们就能始终保持一种兴奋感。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Carry reminders of home while you travel.(旅行时随身携带家的提醒。)”可知，作者建议我们离开家的时候带个家中的东西。选项G“Studies suggest it can help reduce the sense of being in a new environment.(研究表明，它可以帮助减少在新环境中的感觉。)”延续上文内容，指的是家中的物品可以帮助我们减少在新环境中的不适，从而带来空后“This may help ease the transition back into your normal routine when you return from your trip.(当你从旅行回来时，这可能有助于你轻松地过渡到正常的日常生活。)”。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Chiara suffered a stroke when she was two years old. The disease led to her developing hemiplegia (偏瘫)—a condition that causes ____21____ on the right side of her body. As she grew up, she was always trying to ____22____ her disabled arm behind her back, afraid of receiving negative ____23____ from others.
But a(n)____24____—one she hadn’t intended to upload at first because it would ____25____ her arm to the public—started her journey towards becoming a video logger. “This is the only photo of me and my grandparents, who gave me the most ____26____ but had passed away. I really ____27____ the picture and decided not to hide it anymore. So I posted it online,” said Chiara. The ____28____ decision inspired her to share her experiences with the world.
“My ____29____ was always that I looked different, which was quite a hard thing to deal with,” she said. “Unexpectedly, ____30____ getting any unfriendly response—I got numerous ____31____ remarks on the contrary.”
Pretty soon, she was more than happy to share more about her life and even her ____32____ about how to live with only one hand as ____33____ as she could.
Now she has made videos for some charities to ____34____ life for those who are like her. She says, “People have said. ‘You’ve ____35____ me that my child can be dependent.’”
Looking back, Chiara said she’s really proud of how far she’s come.
21.
A. marks B. wounds C. weakness D. pain
22.
A. ignore B. hide C. cure D. stretch
23.
A. number B. connection C. comments D. emotions
24.
A. file B. remark C. essay D. photo
25.
A. expose B. introduce C. compare D. limit
26.
A. doubt B. affection C. warnings D. presents
27.
A. treasured B. feared C. missed D. updated
28.
A. uncertain B. courageous C. regretful D. quick
29.
A. reward B. ambition C. struggle D. faith
30.
A. ahead of B. due to C. other than D. instead of
31.
A. appreciative B. casual C. critical D. offensive
32.
A. resolutions B. jokes C. tips D. missions
33.
A. cautiously B. independently C. frequently D. peacefully
34.
A. think over B. figure out C. rely on D. light up
35.
A. convinced B. cheated C. defeated D. threatened
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了患有偏瘫的Chiara主动分享自己的残疾的照片并鼓励他人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫——一种导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病。A. marks标记，记号；B. wounds枪伤，伤处；C. weakness虚弱，软弱；D. pain疼痛，伤痛。根据上文“The disease led to her developing hemiplegia (这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫)”以及常识可知，偏瘫导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着她的成长，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后，害怕收到别人的负面评论。A. ignore不理睬；忽视；B. hide隐藏；躲藏；C. cure治愈（病人）；D. stretch变大，拉长。根据下文“afraid of receiving negative ____3____ from others.(害怕收到别人的负面评论)”可知，因为害怕收到别人的负面评论，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. number号码；B. connection联系；C. comments评论；D. emotions情绪。根据上文“she was always trying to ____2____ her disabled arm behind her back (她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后)”可知，因为害怕收到别人的负面评论，她总是试图把残疾的手臂藏在背后。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有一张照片——一开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前——开始了她成为视频记录者的旅程。A. file文件；B. remark言论，评述；C. essay短文，论说文；D. photo照片。根据下文“This is the only photo of me and my grandparents (这是我和祖父母唯一的合影)”可知，这张照片开始了她成为视频记录者的旅程。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. expose暴露，使显露； B. introduce介绍；C. compare比较；D. limit限制。根据上文“one she hadn’t intended to upload (一开始她并没有打算上传)”可知，一开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他们给了我最多的爱，但已经去世了。A. doubt怀疑；B.affection喜爱，关爱；C. warnings警告；D. presents礼物。根据下文“I really ____7____ the picture and decided not to hide it anymore.(我真地很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来)”可推知，作者的祖父母给了作者最多的爱，所以作者很珍藏这张照片。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真地很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来。A. treasured珍惜；B. feared害怕；C. missed错过；D. updated更新。根据上文“This is the only photo of me and my grandparents, who gave me the most ____6____(这是我和祖父母唯一的合影，他们给了我最多的爱)”可知，作者的祖父母给了作者最多的爱，所以作者很珍惜这张照片。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个勇敢的决定激励她与世界分享她的经历。A. uncertain无把握的；无法确知的；B. courageous勇敢的，有胆量的；C. regretful后悔的；D. quick快的。根据上文“one she hadn’t intended to upload at first because it would ____5____ her arm to the public(开始她并没有打算上传，因为这会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前)”以及“I really ____7____ the picture and decided not to hide it anymore.(我真的很珍惜这张照片，决定不再把它藏起来)”可知，尽管这张照片会让她的手臂暴露在公众面前，但是作者决定不再把它藏起来，这是一个勇敢的决定。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的挣扎一直是我看起来不一样，这是一件很难处理的事情。A. reward奖励，回报；B. ambition抱负；雄心；C. struggle奋斗，斗争；D. faith信任，信心，信念。根据上文“The disease led to her developing hemiplegia — a condition that causes ____1____ on the right side of her body. (这种疾病导致她患上了偏瘫——一种导致她右侧身体虚弱的疾病)”以及下文“which was quite a hard thing to deal with (这是一件很难处理的事情)”可知，作者的挣扎一直是作者的偏瘫使作者看起来和别人不一样。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我没有得到任何不友好的回应，相反，我得到了许多赞赏的评论。A. ahead of领先于；B. due to由于，因为；C. other than 除了，除外；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据下文“I got numerous ____11____ remarks on the contrary. (我得到了许多赞赏的评论)”可知，作者没有得到任何不友好的回应，相反，她得到了许多赞赏的评论。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. appreciative欣赏的，赞赏的；B. casual休闲的，便装的；C. critical批判的，爱挑剔的；D. offensive无礼的，冒犯的。根据上文“____10____ getting any unfriendly response(我没有得到任何不友好的回应)”可知，作者没有得到任何不友好的回应，而是得到了许多赞赏的评论。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，她就非常高兴地分享了更多关于她的生活，甚至是她关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。A. resolutions决心； B. jokes笑话；C. tips秘诀；D. missions任务。根据下文“tips about how to live with only one hand as ____13____ as she could.(甚至是她关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的建议)”以及语境可知，作者分享了关于如何只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. independently独立地；C. frequently频繁地；D. peacefully平静地。根据上文“live with only one hand (只用一只手)”可知，此处表示作者只用一只手尽可能独立生活的秘诀。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，她为一些慈善机构制作视频，为那些像她一样的人点亮生活。A. think over仔细考虑；B. figure out弄清楚，弄明白；C. rely on依赖；D. light up点亮。根据下文“for those who are like her.(为那些像她一样的人)”可知，她为那些像她一样的人点亮生活。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经使我相信我的孩子可以依赖别人。A. convinced使确信，使信服；B. cheated欺骗，哄骗；C. defeated击败，挫败；D. threatened威胁，恐吓。根据上文“Now she has made videos for some charities to ____14____ life for those who are like her.(现在，她为一些慈善机构制作视频，为那些像她一样的人点亮生活)”以及下文“that my child can be dependent(我的孩子可以依赖别人)”可知，作者使他人相信他们的孩子可以依赖别人。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Placed among the busy streets of Washington, D. C. is a large public garden that many Americans have never heard of. The U. S. National Arboretum (植物园) includes ___36___ collection of flowering plants called azaleas, a field of native plants named ferns, and flowering trees in the dogwood tree area. The garden ___37___ (establish) by Congress in 1927. It plays a leading part in researching and developing plants like trees, shrubs, flowers, and grasses.
Government scientists are in charge of the 180-hectare area. Their main goal is ___38___(strengthen) the U. S. economy by making sure an important kind of agriculture, ___39___ (call) the nursery industry, continues to perform well. The most recent numbers from the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) show that the ornamental and landscape plant industry creates billions of founds in sales each year.
The arboretum is home to one of the ___40___ (large) collections of preserved seeds in the world. The National Arboretum Herbarium (植物标本) ___41___ (house) around 700,000 ex-ample seeds. They include seeds from plants that the USDA considers as ___42___(economical) important. Scientists collect many genetically different seeds within a kind of plant from both native and non-native plants. The reason ___43___ collecting that data is that scientists protect plants from harmful situations like climate change, changed environments, or other new and possible risks.
While the scientists do their work, the public ___44___ (explore) plants is free to visit the arboretum. Though many people may not know it, the arboretum has had a hand in developing a number of plants ____45____ are part of American landscaping.
【答案】36. a 37. was established
38. to strengthen
39. called 40. largest
41. houses 42. economically
43. for 44. exploring
45. that##which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区繁忙的街道中间的美国国家植物园。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：美国国家植物园包括一种叫做杜鹃花的开花植物，一种叫做蕨类植物的本土植物，以及山茱萸树地区的开花树木。a collection of为固定搭配，意为“一批，一些”。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：国会于1927年建立了这个花园。根据时间状语“in 1927”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语The garden和establish为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was established。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的主要目标是通过确保一种被称为苗圃产业的重要农业继续表现良好来加强美国经济。空处表示主句goal的具体内容，需填动词不定式作表语。故填to strengthen。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，call和an important kind of agriculture为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填called。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：植物园是世界上保存种子最多的地方之一。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词collections，根据“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”可知，空处应填形容词最高级。故填largest。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：国家植物标本馆收藏了大约70万个样本种子。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为The National Arboretum Herbarium，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填houses。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：其中包括美国农业部认为具有重要经济意义的植物种子。修饰形容词important，需用副词economically，作状语。故填economically。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：收集这些数据的原因是，科学家保护植物免受气候变化、环境变化或其他新的和可能的风险等有害情况的影响。the reason for为固定搭配，意为“……的原因”，动名词短语collecting that data作介词for的宾语。故填for。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当科学家们工作时，探索植物的公众可以免费参观植物园。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词the public，explore和the public为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填exploring。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：虽然很多人可能不知道，但植物园已经参与开发了许多植物，这些植物是美国园林绿化的一部分。空处引导定语从句，先行词a number of plants，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 学校英语俱乐部就“Should AI Be Applied to Our Study ”的话题展开辩论赛。请你作为反方一辩，表达你的观点，内容包括：
1. 你方观点；
2. 陈述理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Honorable judges and distinguished friends,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】Honorable judges and distinguished friends,
I firmly believe AI should not be applied to our study. First of all, over-reliance on AI may lead to a decrease in our independent thinking ability. Secondly, the application of AI may also bring some ethical and legal issues. Finally, the application of AI may also limit our learning and development space.
In conclusion, although AI can bring some convenience to our study, we should also consider its negative effects. Therefore, I suggest that we use AI reasonably and avoid over-reliance on it.
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的演讲稿。要求考生就学校英语俱乐部以“Should AI Be Applied to Our Study ”为主题的辩论赛作为反方一辩，表达你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first of all→ firstly
带来、导致：lead to → contribute to
最后：finally → last but not least
考虑：consider→ take…into consideration
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, over-reliance on AI may lead to a decrease in our independent thinking ability.
拓展句：First of all, if we over-rely on AI, it may lead to a decrease in our independent thinking ability.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In conclusion, although AI can bring some convenience to our study, we should also consider its negative effects.（运用了although引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I suggest that we use AI reasonably and avoid over-reliance on it.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Beth was in hospital with viral pneumonia (肺炎). She felt down and she missed her parents terribly, who were far away in Europe on business. She lay in her bed crying when one nurse came in and recognized her sadness and loneliness. The nurse looked at the pale little girl worriedly, knowing that one of the greatest setbacks to recovery is often depression. Like the rest of the medical staff, she was overworked and couldn’t sit and keep Beth company all the time. Then she had a brilliant idea! Maybe she could kill two birds with one stone! Just at the end of the corridor (走廊), she had a patient who was just as lonely as Beth...
The nurse walked into Georgiana Halston’s room and smiled, “Didn’t you tell me you have a granddaughter, Mrs Halston ” Georgiana, who was lying on the bed and looking listlessly (没精打采地) out of the window, sighed. “Yes. I have a 7-year-old granddaughter, but she is in Canada. And she hardly calls me, because I don’t know what she like and she think it boring to chat with me.”
“Well,” the nurse said. “I have a 7-year-old down the corridor who is very lonely and needs a friend. I wonder if you could cheer her up a bit and be that friend ”
“But my leg hurts,” Georgiana said. “I can’t walk. You know that.”
“I know that your doctor want you out of bed and to walk around,” the nurse retorted. “If you don’t move, you’ll end up bedridden!”
Georgiana had been diagnosed with a form of bone disease and got a big operation. She was still in bed, but she should be up to exercise her leg. However, the truth is that she was afraid her leg would suffer terrible pain. After the nurse left, Georgiana lay on her bed for a long time, feeling sad for herself. Georgiana looked at the walker next to her bed and sighed. The matter of the lonely little girl haunted her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then Georgiana picked her walker and headed for the girl’s room.
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A while later, the nurse appeared in Beth’s room.
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【答案】
Then Georgiana picked her walker and headed for the girl’s room. With great caution and efforts, Georgiana managed to arrive at Beth’s door. Georgiana greeted Beth and introduced herself. Beth was astonished and overjoyed at Georgiana’s visiting. They began to talk. Georgiana explained to Beth that her granddaughter lived in Canada and they hardly chatted. She thought maybe Beth could help her figure out what they liked to talk about. Hearing what Georgiana said, Beth looked excited and agreed to help.
A while later, the nurse appeared in Beth’s room. She was delighted to see Georgiana sitting in the chair by Beth’s bed and happily chatting. In the following days, Georgiana frequently came to and went back from Beth’s room. Seeing Georgiana was moving about and Beth was chattering, the nurse smiled. She thought to herself, “Nothing heals like love and laughter.” With time passing, Beth and Georgiana’s friendship was sure to be beneficial to both. Soon, Beth was well enough to go home, but she knew she was going to miss Georgiana. Thanks to Beth’s help, Georgiana’s granddaughter was phoning her every day.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Beth因肺炎住院，她的父母出差不在家，无人在医院陪她，所以她感到非常的孤独。一个护士发现了这个问题，她想到了一个办法。一个名叫Georgiana的老人因为骨病住院，她的亲人远在加拿大，也无法陪伴她。她非常想念她7岁的孙女，但不知道在电话中和孙女聊些什么。护士想让Georgiana去陪着Beth，这样她们两个都不会在感到孤单。可是Georgiana因为行动不便，一直在犹豫要不要去。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后乔治安娜拿起她的助行器，朝女孩的房间走去。”可知，第一段可描写Georgiana终于决定去找Beth，她们两个成为了朋友，Beth也同意帮助Georgiana找到和孙女聊天的话题。
②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，护士出现在贝丝的房间里。”可知，第二段可描写护士发现了Georgiana和Beth成为了朋友，她感到非常的高兴。
2.续写线索：犹豫——做出决定——成为朋友——互相帮助——护士高兴——感悟
3词汇激活
行为类
①帮助某人：help sb/give sb. a hand/do sb. a favour
②开始做某事：start to do sth./set out to do sth.
③微笑：smile/beam
情绪类
①惊讶的：astonished/shocked
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
点睛】【高分句型1】Georgiana explained to Beth that her granddaughter lived in Canada and they hardly chatted. （由that引导了宾语从句）
【高分句型2】She thought maybe Beth could help her figure out what they liked to talk about.（由what引导宾语从句）
听力：1—5 BCAAC 6—10 BBABC 11—15 CACAC 16—20 ACCBB
