常州市八年级第二学期期末英语模拟试卷（含答案解析）

常州市八年级第二学期期末英语模拟试卷
注意事项：
1．全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答題卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
1．Nearly 60 million Chinese watched the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics online ________the night of 4 February, 2022.
A．on B．in C．at D．/
2．She failed the college entrance examination, so she doesn’t feel like________.
A．to eat anything B．eating anything C．eating something D．to eat something
3．—Have you heard that a classical piano concert will be held in June in Chengdu
—________ exciting news it is!
A．How B．What an C．What D．What a
4．Though Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, ________ for one year, we will never forget the contribution he made.
A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead
5．—Another three Chinese astronauts have arrived in Tiangong space station．When will they come back
—Not until their task ________ in six months.
A．finishes B．will finish C．will be finished D．is finished
6．—It’s raining harder and harder, and it’s too late.
—That’s true．________, we must send the donations to the hospital on time.
A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Instead D．Anyway
7．—How do you find your online tour to the Nanjing Museum
—Fantastic! I think it’s ________ I have ever had.
A．an amazing experience B．a more boring experience C．the most amazing experience D．the most boring experience
8．—How is your DIY course
—You know, it’s hard for me, but I’ll never ________ because of the coming Culture and Art Festival.
A．give it up B．hand it out C．put it out D．turn it up
9．—He’s told to join School Math competition, isn’t he
—________．He is preparing for it.
A．No, he doesn’t B．Yes, he has C．No, he isn’t D．Yes, he is
10．—Gwen, have you seen your father recently
—No, he ________ works in the hospital because of COVID-19.
A．simply B．mostly C．properly D．closely
二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)
When I was thirteen, my only dream was to become the star on our football team．But that depended on if I could beat out Miller King, who was the best ___1___ at our school.
Football season started in September．However, during the whole summer holiday, I carried my football everywhere for ___2___．But just before September, Miller was hit by a car and lost his right arm．I went to see him after he came back from hospital．He looked very ___3___, but he didn’t cry.
That season, I tried my best to play football well．And I made it．I ___4___ all of Miller’s records while he ___5___ the games on TV at home．We went 10:1 and I was named the most valuable player．___6___ I often had bad dreams in which I was to blame (归咎)for Miller’s ___7___.
One afternoon, when I was crossing the field to go home, I saw Miller failing going over a fence (篱笆) which wasn’t ___8___ to climb if you had both arms．I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept help from．But even that challenge, he accepted it naturally．I helped him move ____9____ over the fence．When we were finally ____10____ on the other side, he said,” You know I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did fine．Thank you for filling in for me.
His words freed me from my bad dreams．I ____11____ myself, “He was more of a leader even without an arm.” Damaged but not defeated (打败), he was ____12____ ahead of me．I was right to have admired him．From that day on, I grew bigger and a little more real.
1．A．coach B．student C．teacher D．player
2．A．practice B．fan C．show D．play
3．A．pale B．interested C．excited D．worried
4．A．got B．broke C．kicked D．reached
5．A．saw B．noticed C．found D．watched
6．A．And B．Then C．But D．So
7．A．story B．mistake C．accident D．event
8．A．easy B．difficult C．brave D．strong
9．A．quickly B．slowly C．simply D．quietly
10．A．surprised B．special C．lucky D．safe
11．A．replied to B．kept to C．thought to D．listened to
12．A．still B．also C．never D．just
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
A
Hey, Kiddo by Jarrett J．KrosoczkaThis book introduces the writer’s childhood life．He lived in a family with a lot of trouble．With the help of his family, he learnt art and became happy．Fans of novels of this kind will like the deep meaning of this story.Price: $9
Guinness Book of World Records 2021 Every year Guinness Book of World Records includes the strange but amazing records that are broken every year.Price: $14
Five Feet Apart by Rachael Lippincott This love story is about two teens who fall in love, but they should keep a few feet away from each other．It was made into a best-selling(畅销的) movie.Price: $26
The How-To Cookbook for Teens by Juice MorrisonCooking is a useful life skill and tons of fun for teens．This book is for beginners to learn how to cook all by themselves easily.Price: $15
1．Tim would probably choose________ because he is a fan of Rachael Lippincott.
A．Hey, Kiddo B．Guinness Book of World Records 2021
C．Five Feet Apart D．The How-To Cookbook for Teens
2．From the text, we know that _________.
A．Hey, Kiddo is about the writer’s own life experience
B．Guinness Book of World Records 2021 recorded everything in 2021
C．The book Five Feet Apart comes from a best-selling movie
D．The How-To Cookbook for Teens is a cooking book for skilled parents
3．The text above is probably from the part of _________ on Amazon.
A．science books B．storybooks C．textbooks D．bestsellers
B
Philip is a pupil．When he was 12, he decided to give up eating meat because he thought animals also lived on the earth just like humans． ▲ They thought he was a boy who was growing．If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall．
One day, his mother prepared a delicious meal．She put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him when they were having dinner．“I want you to eat all your food now,” she said．“Don’t leave anything.” Philip only ate the rice and the carrots without touching the beef．
“You’re such a silly boy!” said his father angrily．“I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” said Philip．“I don’t want you to be angry．But I really don’t want to eat meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother．“Oh, no! Fish are living creatures (生物) too.” cried Philip．
The next morning Philip was very hungry．His father walked to the school with him．He asked the teacher, “Is this what you teach the students to do at school Philip refuses to eat meat at home．He even doesn’t listen to us.” “I don’t agree with Philip,” said the teacher．“But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right．We teach the students to do that.”
1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ in Paragraph 1
A．Philip’s friends also had such a habit. B．Philip decided to lose weight.
C．Philip’s parents were not happy about that. D．He didn’t think it was a good idea.
2．If Philip didn’t eat any meat, he would probably _______ according to his parents.
A．stay healthy B．become silly
C．stay short D．get hungry easily
3．Which is the right order of the following activities
① Philip’s mother prepared a delicious meal．
② Philip went to school with his father.
③ Philip decided to give up eating meat．
④ Philip’s father talked with his teacher.
⑤ Philip’s mother advised him to eat some fish.
A．③①②④⑤ B．①③⑤②④ C．①③②④⑤ D．③①⑤②④
4．What does the writer want to tell us
A．We should be kind to animals.
B．We should do what we think is right.
C．We should listen to our parents’ advice in life.
D．We should do things as our teachers teach us.
C
One day, when I finished raising money for a charity and was on the train back home, I put down my phone and started writing thank-you notes to people who helped．
When I got off the train, I felt amazingly good．The next day, I wrote more thank-yous and the same feeling of happiness hit me again．I suddenly had the idea: Why not keep on doing this for every day of the year
To keep on task, I decided to pick out a different theme for each month．January was charity．February would be neighbours．And many names came to my mind right away．
While writing the notes, I realized I spent too much time on the phone moving from app to app, enjoying other people’s lives．Writing thank-you notes allowed me the time to do something different, paying more attention to my own life．
In the following months, I wrote to my friends, doctors and teachers．In July, my “food” month, I wrote to Julie, who used to cook at my favorite restaurant．It went like this:
Dear Julie,
I find myself missing you lately．Thank you for hosting and cooking beautiful food．Jake and I will never forget the cake you made for our wedding．We talk about it every year．
Thank you．We miss you．
Love,
Gina
I was happy to receive a note back from her．Julie replied, “I don’t think I’ve ever received such a touching letter before．I’m going through a hard time right now, and this helps.”
On December 31, I wrote my last card—to Jake, my husband, and our two kids．And I took a picture of us, so I could remember the feeling coming up inside me．Gratitude.
1．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．writing thank-you notes B．taking the train back home
C．putting the phone away D．raising money for charities
2．How did Julie most probably feel after reading the note from Gina
A．Shy and surprised. B．Pleased and relaxed.
C．Nervous and excited. D．Moved and encouraged.
3．The theme of the December notes might be “________”.
A．charity B．neighbour C．family D．food
4．What did Gina get by doing her task according to the passage
A．Many thanks from her neighbors. B．More time to enjoy her own life.
C．More help from people around her. D．Happy moments to be with friends.
D
Tomatoes taste great．With a lot of vitamins, they are good for you, too! People all over the world enjoy this amazing fruit．
Not all tomatoes are red．They can be yellow, orange, pink, or white．All tomatoes are green before they are ready to be picked．Then the tomatoes turn their true color．That’s when they’re ready to eat!
Tomatoes first grew in the Americas．The Incas (印加人) grew them over 1,000 years ago．They were introduced to Europe by the Spanish in the early 16th century．The Spanish and Italians seem to be the first Europeans to accept them as food．In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty．Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick．It was years before some of them would eat tomatoes．
Tomatoes are fruits．They grow from seeds．They won’t grow in cold weather．But with water, sunlight and warmth, tomatoes grow fast．They can grow in pots or in the ground．As the plant grows taller, people may tie it to a stick．Next is the blooming stage．Flowers appear．The flowers turn into fruit．Some kinds of tomatoes can be picked in about six more weeks．Some tomatoes are large．One kind of tomato can weigh as much as two pounds．
You can eat raw tomatoes．First, wash them．Then, cut them up for salads or sandwiches．Tomatoes can be cooked, too．They can be grilled, boiled, or even fried．Do you use ketchup(番茄酱) It is made from tomatoes．Tomatoes don’t have a smell．But they taste great in foods around the world．Many dishes from India use tomatoes．Spaghetti sauce and pizza from Italy use them, too．Raw tomatoes are in Mexican salsa.
1．What can we know from Paragraph 3
A．The Incas grew tomatoes in the 16th century.
B．The Italians introduced tomatoes to Europe.
C．Eating tomatoes could make people sick.
D．The Frenchmen didn’t eat tomatoes at first.
2．What does the underlined word “raw” in Paragraph 5 meaning
A．煮过的 B．未煮的 C．美味的 D．酸涩的
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)
Tianjin is a fun city to travel．Here are three activities one must not miss while in the city.
Visit an art museum
The Porcelain House (瓷房子) is famous for its special design．____1____ About 7 billion porcelain pieces and more than 13,000 antiques (古董) from ancient times were used to cover the building’s outer walls.
The house used to be the home of Huang Rongliang from the Qing Dynasty．In 2000, a Chinese collector called Zhang Lianzhi bought it．His family has collected antique pieces for many years．In 2005, Zhang decided to decorate the building’s outer walls with porcelain items．____2____ It is now a famous art museum.
Try a local snack
Jian Bing Guo Zi, the pancake in English, is the most famous local food．____3____ Locals say they can never have enough of it.
As it becomes more and more popular, people have begun to try something new．Now people eat the pancake with ham, all kinds of vegetables and even seafood in it.
Enjoy a cross-talk performance (相声表演)
Tianjin is said to be the home of many traditional art performances．Cross-talk is one of them．The performers with top skills can speak, imitate (模仿), tell jokes and sing．It is a must-watch in Tianjin.
____4____ People could drink tea and have snacks while enjoying it．Now people can enjoy it in shopping malls and many other places.
A．In the past, it was performed at tea houses.
B．It is a mix of Chinese and western culture.
C．They are very beautiful but they're expensive.
D．It is usually sold on the street early in the morning.
E．After he finished the work in 2007, it opened to the public.
F．The outer walls and even part of the floors are covered with porcelain.
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A man who can’t move his hands uses his thoughts to write on a computer screen．The man is paralyzed (瘫痪的) from the neck down after he had an accident while ____1____ (hunt) ten years ago．He doesn’t want his name to be known．So scientists call ____2____ (he) T5．Not long ago two small sensors (感应器) ____3____ (put) into his brain．These two sensors allow him to use his mind to write．The scientists call this “mindwriting”．T5 can write about eighteen ____4____ (word) per minute．This is five words ____5____ (slow) than the average person writing a text message on a smartphone.
Mindwriting is simple to do b____6____ it uses a lot of technology (技术) and a special math．Scientists asked T5 to imagine (想象) writing on paper, and then the two sensors ____7____ (turn) his brain activity into text on a computer screen．A researcher ____8____ (hope) mindwriting will help millions of paralyzed people to write again．It might help people who can’t speak as w____9____．In the future, this technology may help us to write a_____10_____ the speed of thought.
六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)
1．树能在暴风雨期间帮助保持水土不流失。
________________________ during storms.
2．良好的健康取决于健康的饮食和锻炼。
Good health ________________ and exercise.
3．很多重要的事情将会在这次会议上讨论。
_________________________ at the meeting.
4．众所周知，在别人面前插队是不对的。
As we all know, ___________________ .
5．为了好好学习，安迪已经决定不再玩电脑游戏了。
In order to study hard, Andy ____________________.
6．我为我的父母感到骄傲，因为他们诚实又勤劳。
_____________________ because they’re honest and hard-working.
七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)
八年级的学习生活即将结束，学校正在进行共青团员（Communist Youth League member）选拔，假如你是Li Hua，请你代表你们班推荐Xiao Ming作为共青团员候选人。根据以下信息，写一封推荐信给学校团支部。
姓名 Xiao Ming
良好品质 善良，乐于助人，参加志愿者活动，…… 慷慨大方……
行为习惯 在公共场合举止文明，……
生活方式 垃圾分类，将旧衣服送给回收机构 呼吁我们采取行动保护环境，……
要求：
1．所写内容必须包括表格中所有要点，可适当发挥；
2．文章不少于85个词，注意推荐信格式；
3．语意通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
4．文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。
Dear chairperson,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
1．A
【解析】句意：几乎有六千万中国人在2022年二月四号晚上在网上观看了北京冬奥会的开幕。
考查介词。on接具体某一天的上下午晚上；in接季节月份年份等时间；at接钟点时间。根据“the night of 4 February, 2022”可知，是具体某天的晚上，用on。故选A。
2．B
【解析】句意：她高考不及格，所以她什么都不想吃。
考查非谓语动词及不定代词。something一般用于肯定句或表请求允许的疑问句中；anything一般用于否定句或疑问句中。此处是否定句，故用anything。feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，故用eating。故选B。
3．C
【解析】句意：——你听说六月将在成都举行一场古典钢琴音乐会吗？——多么令人兴奋的消息！
考查感叹句。How引导的感叹句，修饰形容词或副词；What引导的感叹句，修饰名词。本句中心词news是不可数名词，故用What引导，结构是：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!。故选C。
4．C
【解析】句意：杂交水稻之父袁隆平虽然已经去世一年了，但我们永远不会忘记他的贡献。
考查动词时态以及延续性动词。“for+一段时间”要与现在完成时连用，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，且动词要用延续性动词，die是短暂性动词，对应延续性动词是be dead，故选C。
5．D
【解析】句意：——又有三名中国宇航员抵达天宫空间站。他们什么时候回来？——直到六个月内他们的任务完成。
考查时态和语态。根据“Not until their task...in six months.”可知，这是由not until引导的时间状语从句，从句的时态为一般现在时。“任务”和“完成”之间为被动关系。故选D。
6．D
【解析】句意：——雨越下越大，天太晚了。——确实如此。无论如何，我们必须按时把捐款送到医院。
考查副词辨析。Moreover而且；Otherwise否则；Instead反而；Anyway无论如何。根据“we must send the donations to the hospital on time”可知，无论什么情况都要按时把捐款送到医院，故选D。
7．C
【解析】句意：——你觉得你的南京博物馆在线旅游怎么样？——好极了！我认为这是我最神奇的一次经历。
考查形容词最高级的辨析。amazing令人惊奇的；boring无聊的，枯燥的。根据“Fantastic! ”可知，此次经历不错，应用amazing令人惊奇的；根据“I have ever had.”可知，是与以前到现在的经历对比，应用最高级。故选C。
8．A
【解析】句意：——你的DIY课程怎么样？——你知道，它对我来说太难了，但是因为即将到来的文化艺术节我永远不会放弃。
考查动词短语。give up放弃；hand out分发；put out扑灭；turn up调高。根据“it’s hard for me, but I’ll never…”可知，此处指不会放弃DIY课程。故选A。
9．D
【解析】句意：——他被要求参加学校数学竞赛，不是吗？——是的。他正在为此准备。
考查反义疑问句。结合“He is preparing for it”可知，他被要求参加数学竞赛，结合“He’s told to join School Math competition, isn’t he ”，应作肯定回答，空处应是“Yes, he is”。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：——Gwen，你最近见过你父亲吗？——没有，因为新冠肺炎，他大部分时间都在医院工作。
考查副词辨析。simply仅仅；mostly多半；properly正确地；closely严密地。根据“have you seen your father recently”及“No, he … works in the hospital because of COVID-19”可知，父亲多半时间都在医院，所以最近没有见过父亲，故选B。
二、完形填空(共12小题;每小题1分，满分12分)
1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了足球有关的故事，作者想成为球队里最棒的球员，为实现梦想，作者刻苦训练，在优秀球员Miller受伤后，作者脱颖而出，成为很棒的球员，作者的表现得到了Miller的认可。
1句意：但这取决于我能否击败米Miller King，他是我们学校最好的球员。
coach教练；student学生；teacher老师；player运动员。根据“But that depended on if I could beat out Miller King”可知，此处是Miller King是最好的球员，故选D。
2句意：我带着足球到处练习。
practice练习；fan粉丝；show演出；play戏剧。根据“I carried my football everywhere”可知，作者到处练习踢足球，故选A。
3句意：他脸色苍白，但没有哭。
pale灰白的；interested有趣的；excited激动的；worried担心的。根据“but he didn’t cry.”可知，刚从医院回来，他的脸看起来苍白，故选A。
4句意：Miller在家通过电视看比赛时，我打破了他所有记录。
got得到；broke 破坏；kicked踢；reached到达。根据“all of Miller’s records”可知，此处是作者打破了所有的记录，故选B。
5句意：Miller在家通过电视观看比赛时，我打破了他的所有记录。
saw看见；noticed注意；found找到；watched观看。根据“on TV”可知，是通过电视看比赛，故选D。
6句意：但是我经常做恶梦，在梦中我应该为Miller的事故负责。
and和，又；Then然后；But但是；So因此，根据下文“I often had bad dreams in which I was to blame (归咎)for Miller’s ….”可知，此处是和上文之间存在转折关系，用连词but，故选 C。
7句意：但是我经常做恶梦，在梦中我应该为Miller的事故负责。
story故事；mistake错误；accident事故；event事件。根据上文“Miller was hit by a car and lost his right arm.”可知，Miller出了车祸，作者感到内疚，仿佛自己应该为Miller的事故负责，故选C。
8句意：我看到Miller在越过一道栅栏时失败了，如果你有双臂的话，这道栅栏并不难爬。
easy容易的；difficult困难的；brave 勇敢的；strong强壮的。根据“if you had both arms”可知，篱笆并不难爬，如果有2只手臂的话，故选B。
9句意：我帮助他慢慢地越过栅栏。
quickly快速地；slowly慢地；simply简单地；quietly安静地；根据“I helped him move”可知，作者帮助他慢慢地越过栅栏，故选B。
10句意：当我们最终在另一边安全时，他说：“你知道我在赛季期间没有告诉你这些，但你做得很好。
surprised吃惊的；special特殊的；lucky幸运的；safe安全的。根据“I helped him move … over the fence.”可知，作者和Miller成功翻过篱笆，就安全了，故选D。
11句意：我心中想到：“即使没有手臂，他也更像一个领导者”。
replied to回复；kept to坚持； thought to想到，思考；listened to听；根据“He was more of a leader even …an arm.“可知，作者心里想到，自问自答，故选C。
12句意：虽然受到了伤害，但没有被打败，他仍然领先于我。
still仍然，还；also也；never绝不，从不；just仅仅，只。根据“Damaged but not defeated”可知，作者认为Miller仍然是强者，故选A。
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
A
1．C 2．A 3．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了四本书的内容。
1细节理解题。根据“Five Feet Apart by Rachael Lippincott”可知，如果是Rachael的粉丝，可以选择《Five Feet Apart》这本书，故选C。
2细节理解题。根据“This book introduces the writer’s childhood life”可知，《Hey, Kiddo》这本书主要介绍了作者的童年生活，故选A。
3推理判断题。根据标题“BEST BOOKS FOR TEENS OF 2021”可知，本文是来自亚马逊上的畅销书部分，故选D
B
1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B
【解析】本文主要介绍了菲利普在十二岁时决定不再吃肉，父母担心他的健康，一定要让他吃肉类，而菲利普坚持不吃肉，后来父亲去学校告诉了老师，老师虽然不赞同菲利普，但是他勇敢去做自己认为正确的事情是对的。
1推理判断题。根据“They thought he was a boy who was growing．If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall”可知，某些人认为他不吃肉这个行为不好，C选项“菲利普的父母对于这个感到不开心”符合语境，故选C。
2细节理解题。根据“If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall”可知，父母认为如果不吃肉就长不高，故选C。
3细节理解题。根据“When he was 12, he decided to give up eating meat”可知，12岁时决定不吃肉，③排在第一位，排除B和C选项。根据“One day, his mother prepared a delicious meal”可知，妈妈准备了风声的一餐饭，①排在第二位。根据“Then have some fish, dear”可知，妈妈建议他吃一些鱼，⑤排在第三位，排除A选项，故选D。
4推理判断题。根据“But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right”可知，作者想告诉我们：做自己认为正确的事情是对的，故选B。
C
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B
【解析】本文讲述的是去年一月份作者参加完一个慈善活动之后，给帮助过她的人写感谢信，这让她感到非常幸福，于是她决定继续写下去，并且为每个月挑选一个不同的主题。写感谢信让作者有时间做一些不同的事情，更加关注自己的生活。
1细节理解题。根据上文“The next day, I wrote more thank-yous and the same feeling of happiness hit me again.”可知“doing this”指上文中“wrote more thank-yous写感谢信”这件事，故选A。
2细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Julie replied, “I don’t think I’ve ever received such a touching letter before．I’m going through a hard time right now, and this helps.””可知，朱莉读了吉娜的感谢信后她很感动和受到了鼓励。故选D。
3推理判断题。根据最后一段“On December 31, I wrote my last card-to Jake, my husband, and our two kids．And I took a picture of us, so I could remember the feeling coming up inside me.”可知，十二月感谢信是写给家人的，因此主题可能是“家庭”，故选C。
4细节理解题。根据“Writing thank-you notes allowed me the time to do something different, paying more attention to my own life.”可知，写感谢信让作者把更多的注意力放在了自己的生活上。故选B。
D
1．D 2．B 3．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了西红柿的颜色、发源地、生长周期和吃法。
1细节理解题。根据“In France, people grew tomatoes in the garden just to enjoy their beauty．Many people there thought tomatoes would make them sick．It was years before some of them would eat tomatoes.”可知，法国人一开始不吃西红柿，故选D。
2词义猜测题。根据“You can eat raw tomatoes．First, wash them．Then, cut them up for salads or sandwiches.”可知，你可以吃生西红柿。首先洗干净。然后，把它们切碎，做成沙拉或三明治，所以单词“raw”指的是“生吃”，故选B。
3篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段总体指出全世界的人都喜欢西红柿；第二到五段分别介绍西红柿的不同方面的情况，包括颜色、种植以及吃法等，属于总分结构，故选D。
四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)
1．F 2．E 3．D 4．A
【解析】本文介绍了来天津旅游不可错过的一些体验：参观瓷房子，吃煎饼果子和听相声。
1根据“The Porcelain House (瓷房子) is famous for its special design.”，此处在介绍瓷房子的设计，下文要提到设计是如何特殊的。F选项“外墙和地板都是瓷片覆盖的”，符合语境。故选F。
2根据“In 2005, Zhang decided to decorate the building’s outer walls with porcelain items.”在2005年，张决定要用瓷片装修外墙，此处在描述装修的过程和结果。E选项“在2007年完成装修后，瓷房子对外开放了”。2007年与上文的2005年对应。符合语境。故选E。
3根据“Jian Bing Guo Zi, the pancake in English, is the most famous local food”，描述了煎饼果子的一些信息，D选项“煎饼果子通常在早上的街上出售”，补充了煎饼果子的一些信息。符合语境。故选D。
4根据“Now people can enjoy it in shopping malls and many other places.”，现在人们在购物商场可以听相声，上文是与现在对比，即在过去是如何听相声的。A选项“在过去。相声是在茶馆里表演的”，符合语境。故选A。
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
1．hunting 2．him 3．were put 4．words 5．slower 6．(b)ut 7．turned
8．hopes 9．(w)ell 10．(a)t
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了可以将大脑中想象自己在写字转换为电脑屏幕上的文本的脑机接口系统“mindwriting”。
1句意：十年前那人在打猎时出了事故并瘫痪了。根据句中“ten years ago”提示，此处说的是过去发生的事，故应用while he hunted，但句中缺少主语he，且根据主语he与动词hunt之间为主动关系，故hunt应用现在分词形式。故填hunting。
2句意：所以科学家称他为T5。空格前为动词“call”，故所给单词he应用宾格形式him。故填him。
3句意：不久前有两个小型感应器被放进了他的大脑。根据句中“Not long ago”提示，句子应用一般过去时，且主语“sensors”和所给动词“put”之间为被动关系，故应用“were put”结构。故填were put。
4句意：T5每分钟可以写18个单词。空格前为基数词“eighteen”，故所给单词word应用其复数形式。故填words。
5句意：这比普通人在智能手机上写短信慢五个字。空格后为“than”，故此处所给单词slow应用其形容词比较级形式。故填slower。
6句意：“脑写”似乎很简单，但它使用了很多技术，包括一种特殊的数学手段。根据前后句意可知，此处存在转折关系，结合所给首字母“b”可知，此处应用but表转折。故填(b)ut。
7句意：科学家让T5想象自己在纸上写字，然后两个感应器将他的大脑活动转化为电脑屏幕上的文本。根据上文“Scientists asked T5 to …”可知，此处指的是过去发生的事，故所给单词turn应用过去式形式，故填turned。
8句意：一位研究人员希望“脑写”能帮助数百万瘫痪的人重新写作。主语为“A researcher”，故所给单词hope应用动词第三人称单数形式，故填hopes。
9句意：它也可能会帮到那些说不了话的人。根据上文“A researcher hopes mindwriting will help millions of paralyzed people to write again”可知，“脑写”能帮助数百万瘫痪的人重新写作，此处指的是也可能会帮到那些说不了话的人。as well意为“也”，符合句意，故填(w)ell。
10句意：未来，这项技术可能会帮助我们以正常思维的速度进行写字。根据上文“This is five words slower than the average person writing a text message on a smartphone”可知，现在“脑写”的速度比普通人在智能手机上写短信慢五个字，故此处指的是未来，这项技术可能会帮助我们以正常思维的速度进行写字。at the speed of意为“以……的速度”，符合句意，故填(a)t。
六、根据所给中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)
1．Trees can help keep soil in place
【解析】空格处表达“树能保持水土不流失”；tree“树”，此处用应为复数并大写句首字母；can“能够”，是情态动词，其后跟动词原形；help (to) do sth.“帮助做某事”；keep soil in place“保持水土不流失”。故填Trees can help keep soil in place。
2．depends on a healthy diet
【解析】空格处表达“取决于健康的饮食”；depend on“取决于”，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数“good health”，谓语动词用三单形式depends；a healthy diet“健康的饮食”。故填depends on a healthy diet。
3．Lots of important things will be discussed
【解析】lots of “许多；很多”；important“重要的”；thing“事情”；discuss“讨论”；根据汉语提示，该句应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填Lots of important things will be discussed。
4．it’s wrong to push in before others ## it’s not right to push in before others
【解析】It’s wrong/not right to do sth.表示“做某事是不对的”，it是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语；push in“插队”，before others“在别人面前”，故填it’s wrong/not right to push in before others。
5．has decided not to play computer games any more
【解析】decide not to do sth“决定不做某事”，not…any more“不再……”；play computer games“玩电脑游戏”，根据句意，表示他已经决定了，因此用现在完成时，主语Andy是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填has decided not to play computer games any more。
6．I’m proud of my parents##I take pride in my parents
【解析】由中英文对照可知，缺少“我为我的父母感到骄傲”；I“我”；be proud of/take pride in“为……感到骄傲”；my parents“我的父母”。由“because they’re honest and hard-working.”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am，实义动词用原形take；I与am缩写成I’m。故填I’m proud of my parents/I take pride in my parents。
七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)
Dear chairperson,
I would like to recommend Xiao Ming as Communist Youth League candidate．He is the monitor in our class．He is very kind and always ready to help others．He always takes part in some volunteer activities, such as being a volunteer in protecting the environment, helping old people and so on．He is also generous to others．In public, he follows the rules, especially the traffic rules.
He loves our environment．Now the environmental problem is getting worse．So he usually sorts the garbage before throwing it away and gives old clothes to the recycling agency．He hopes that everyone takes action together to protect the environment.
I think Xiao Ming is a good candidate for Communist Youth League．I hope you agree with me.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua