Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.I sounded the a as soon as I saw the smoke.
答案:alarm
2.The birth r is beginning to increase.
答案:rate
3.As we all know,smoking e our health.
答案:endangers
4.My uncle’s illness c us greatly.
答案:concerns
5.Many languages including Chinese are all l languages.
答案:living
6.Let’s m how tall the tree is.
答案:measure
二、单句语法填空
1.The act of selling animals (illegal) or without permission isn’t allowed.
答案:illegally
2.Prices are rising at an (alarm) rate.
答案:alarming
3.In ancient times,hunters went out (hunt) animals and held celebrations after they caught animals.
答案:to hunt
4.At present a public bicycle is rented and returned four times a day average.
答案:on
5.We must take preventive measures (reduce) crime in the area.
答案:to reduce
三、完成句子
1.你到底为什么需要一部新手机
Why do you need a new cell phone
答案:on earth
2.那种古老的语言已经消亡。
That old language .
答案:has died out
3.他们意识到保护文化遗产的重要性。
They the importance of preserving cultural heritage.
答案:are aware of
4.过了好久他们才适应新环境。
It took them a long time the new surroundings.
答案:to adapt to
5.这条裙子是按照她的尺寸做的。
The skirt .
答案:was made to her measure
6.对我而言,这所学校应鼓励学生多读经典书籍。
,the school should encourage the students to read classic books.
答案:As far as I’m concerned
四、阅读理解
When the natural climate changes due to global warming,it can surely affect seals.The majority of them live in the Antarctic region,so as the ice is melting,their natural habitat can be seriously affected.These changes don’t take place overnight.They can be the result of many years of additional temperatures in the area.The seals then have to find ways to adapt.
Seals depend on the cool air currents to bring plenty of food for them.When the temperatures get higher,there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink.Mothers aren’t healthy enough to feed their babies.Many of them end up abandoned as the mothers have to leave to find their own source of food.
The fact that their desire to produce young can be changed by the warmer temperatures is frightening too.It is also believed that the warmer temperatures can allow different diseases and viruses to attack the seals.This is a huge concern as they can rapidly wipe out huge numbers of seals out there.
However,these changes in climate and temperature aren’t all bad for other species of seals.Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.Research also shows that the females are moving further to find food and water.When they are out of the reach of the governing males,they are more willing to accept the moves of other males in the group.
This is good news too because it means that there will be more selection in the gene pool(基因库) for future generations.It can help the seals as a species adapt to change in their natural environment more easily.
The climate change problem for seals is directly linked to humans.When we take action to change what we let out into the environment,we will make positive changes for the seals.However,it is going to take a very long time to reverse(彻底改变) the effects of what has already been done.
1.What does the author regard climate changes for seals as
A.A double-edged sword.
B.An unavoidable disaster for existence.
C.A mirror of evolution.
D.A requirement for more choices in the gene pool.
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。文章第二、三段介绍了气候变暖对南极地区海豹的负面影响,第四、五段介绍了气候变暖对其他种类海豹的正面影响,由此推知,在作者看来,对海豹来说,气候变暖既有利又有弊,是把双刃剑。故选A项。
2.What will happen to the seals in warmer climates
A.Their number will be on the increase.
B.The female seals will be in the lead.
C.Their genes will change a great deal.
D.The females will keep away from the males.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.”可知,那些生活在较暖和地区的海豹会因为气候变暖而繁殖更多的幼崽。由此可知,它们的数量会增加。故选A项。
3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.The Importance of Protecting Seals
B.Seals’ Adaptation to Climate Change
C.How Climate Change Affects Seals
D.Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less
答案:C
解析:标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知,本文主要讲述了全球气候变暖给海豹带来的负面影响和正面影响,因此C项“气候变化如何影响海豹”最适合作为本文标题。
五、七选五阅读理解
(2022·江西高一期末)
As the family of 16 Asian elephants started moving north,no one knew where they were heading,or why.At first,no one thought much about it.Elephants sometimes disappear beyond Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve in southwestern China’s Yunnan Province,but they always return.
1 .During 16 months the elephants walked 300 miles north to Kunming,the provincial capital of Yunnan Province.Along the way,they robbed the crops and blocked the traffic,causing about a half million dollars in damage,and there was the risk of an elephant attacking a curious onlooker. 2 .The simple answer would be to calm the giant mammals and transport them back to the reserve.
But that would be risky for this group,especially for the three baby elephants.Instead,officials mobilised (动员) an emergency task force to keep everyone,elephants and humans alike,safe.Drones tracked the elephants’ every move.Electric fences,road barriers,and new pathways helped them move towards safer routes.Tons of corn,pineapples,and bananas were used to trick them away from towns. 3 .
Some might argue that doing so much to keep a family of elephants safe was wasteful.But conserving our natural and human heritage is about encouraging good in the world. 4 ,just as we need health and peace.They’re essential parts of the world where our lives take place,and they help us make sense of our own stories.They provide the context for our existence. 5 .
A.They have become global celebrities
B.They’re our past,present,and future
C.We need wildlife and ancient artifacts
D.Things,however,are different this time
E.Thousands of people volunteered to join the force
F.They presented a problem for government officials
G.These measures involved lots of manpower and resources
答案:1~5 DFGCB
六、语篇填空
Starting a wildlife conservation centre is a necessary 1. important job,but it hardly brings money to its founder and so it is for Jane Thomas.She spent several years 2. (build)Motley Zoo,devoted to wildlife 3.(protect) in Redmond,Washington,but all money she made was spent straight back on the zoo.She was determined 4. (continue)to do her work,even though there was little money to reward her.
But things changed this year.“As crazy as it sounded,because of my efforts,I received a secret donation:$9,000,” Thomas said.She decided to use the money 5. was donated by a stranger this year to rescue more animals.She advertised the animal rescue on the street and received much support from 6. public.
Thomas said,“Ever since I advertised the animal rescue on the street,I 7. (attract) many people.Now when I walk on the street,many 8.(passer-by) wave and even shout to me ‘I adopted(收养) my dog from you!’ I feel 9. (shock) that people treat me 10. (nice) than ever.”
答案:1.and 2.building 3.protection 4.to continue 5.which/that 6.the 7.have attracted 8.passers-by 9.shocked 10.nicerSection Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.Wait a minute.The dishes for the dinner (cook) in the kitchen.
答案:are being cooked
2.So many things (do) here to prevent air pollution now.
答案:are being done
3.A bridge (build) in the distance and its construction will be finished in a year.
答案:is being built
4.These children (look) after by an old man now.
答案:are being looked
5.The camera that (use) by him now belongs to me.
答案:is being used
6.She is one of the girls in our class who (train) for the coming match now.
答案:are being trained
7.It is said that laws (introduce) next year to protect ancient relics.
答案:will be introduced
8.Most of the wells in this village (pollute) up to now.
答案:have been polluted
二、完成句子
1.这种类型的汽车正在设计中。
This type of cars .
答案:is being designed
2.看!客人们正被带领参观这个工厂。
Look!The guests the factory.
答案:are being shown around
3.货物正在被轮船运向世界各地。
The goods to every part of the world.
答案:are being shipped
4.许多先进的教学理念正用于教学中。
Many advanced teaching ideas in teaching.
答案:are being used
5.我感到非常吃惊的是我们起居室的玻璃杯经常被打破。
I feel very amazed that the glasses of our living room .
答案:are frequently being broken
三、七选五阅读理解
Urban Wildlife
Cities are diverse ecosystems.In addition to visitors from the wild,a large number of species share our urban areas.As our cities spread,we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours.
Cities are built for humans. 1 For example,most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful.But when we cut grass or plant flowers,we destroy natural habitats.
2 When a bridge in Austin,Texas was repaired,engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom.This made a good home for bats,and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. 3 Now,they have come to value their winged neighbours.The bats are a tourist attraction,and they eat lots of bugs every night.
There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city.The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example.The park used native plants and created open,natural spaces for wildlife.The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds.In many ways,the park is the opposite of a zoo. 4
If we learn to share our space,we can become better neighbours to the wildlife around us. 5 Our own future will be endangered too.
A.They are built to protect birds.
B.Our actions sometimes help other species.
C.If we do not,more species will become extinct.
D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.
E.Instead of being kept in cages,wildlife can move about freely.
F.At first,people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.
G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.
答案:1~5 DBFEC
四、完形填空
The squirrel,Bella,had a rough start to life.At the age of four weeks old,an owl(猫头鹰)had 1 and badly wounded her.
Bella stood no 2 of surviving her wounds in the wild. 3 ,Ruby Harrison took her home.Ruby not only gave Bella a home,but a 4 with three other adopted squirrels.They grew strong,but Ruby didn’t domesticate(驯养) any of the squirrels.“They are part of the 5 rather than a pet,” she said.
It was time to say goodbye in April 2009.Ruby saw them 6 into the trees and never expected to see them often.Then,initially,the other three came back for a 7 once and stopped coming by,but Bella was 8 .She seemed to have a strong 9 with the Harrisons that kept her visiting almost daily.
In the past ten years since her release,it’s not just Ruby herself who gets Bella’s 10 .“Bella sits right at the front door to look in for someone’s 11 .” Ruby described,“My husband rushes out of the door to be 12 and happily runs back inside to the big bowl of nuts for her.”
More amazingly,this spring came with a(n) 13 .Bella came round again with her 14 family,with her three babies 15 someone to notice.
1.A.approached B.attacked
C.followed D.advanced
答案:B
解析:句意:在她四个星期大的时候,一只猫头鹰袭击了她,使她受伤严重。approach“接近”;attack“攻击”;follow“跟随”;advance“前进”。根据后文“...and badly wounded her.”可知,一只猫头鹰袭击了她,她伤得很重。故选B项。
2.A.risk B.test
C.chance D.use
答案:C
解析:句意:Bella在野外受了伤,根本没有机会活下来。risk“风险”;test“测试”;chance“机会”;use“使用”。根据后文“...of surviving her wounds in the wild.”可知,Bella被猫头鹰伤得很重,在野外根本没有机会存活。故选C项。
3.A.Suddenly B.Clearly
C.Strangely D.Luckily
答案:D
解析:句意:幸运的是,Ruby Harrison把她带回了家。suddenly“突然”;clearly“清楚地”;strangely“奇怪地”;luckily“幸运地”。Bella本来无法存活的,但是幸好Ruby把她带回了家,救了她。故选D项。
4.A.family B.series
C.hospital D.location
答案:A
解析:句意:Ruby不仅给了Bella一个家,还和另外三只被收养的松鼠组成了一个家庭。family“家庭”;series“系列”;hospital“医院”;location“位置”。根据后文“...with three other adopted squirrels.”可知,Bella还和另外三只被收养的松鼠组成了一个家庭。故选A项。
5.A.park B.wild
C.yard D.earth
答案:B
解析:句意:“它们是野生的一部分,而不是宠物,”她说。park“公园”;wild“荒野”;yard“院子”;earth“土地”。结合后文Ruby将Bella放生可知,Ruby觉得这些动物属于野外,而不是宠物。故选B项。
6.A.look B.break
C.escape D.disappear
答案:D
解析:句意:Ruby看见它们消失在树林里,从没想过会经常见到它们。look“看”;break“打破”;escape“逃走”;disappear“消失”。根据后文“...into the trees and never expected to see them often.”可知,Ruby看着这些动物消失在了树林里。故选D项。
7.A.treat B.pity
C.praise D.rest
答案:A
解析:句意:然后,一开始,其他三个回来吃了一次大餐,不再来了,但Bella是不同的。treat“款待”;pity“遗憾”;praise“赞美”;rest“休息”。结合上下文语境可知三只松鼠回来是为了让Ruby款待它们,给它们吃一顿好吃的。故选A项。
8.A.normal B.traditional
C.different D.extraordinary
答案:C
解析:句意同上。normal“正常的”;traditional“传统的”;different“不同的”;extraordinary“卓越的”。其他三只松鼠只是为了回来接受款待,而Bella不同,Bella经常回来看望Ruby。故选C项。
9.A.taste B.connection
C.touch D.smell
答案:B
解析:句意:她似乎和Harrison夫妇关系很好,几乎每天都来看望他们。taste“品味”;connection“连接”;touch“触碰”;smell“气味”。根据后文“...with the Harrisons that kept her visiting almost daily.”可知,Bella和Harrison夫妇关系很好,几乎每天都来看望他们。have a strong connection with“有很强的联系”。故选B项。
10.A.sight B.reach
C.company D.observation
答案:C
解析:句意:在Bella被放生后的十年里,不仅仅是Ruby自己得到了Bella的陪伴。sight“视力”;reach“范围”;company“陪伴”;observation“观察”。结合上文“...kept her visiting almost daily.”可知,Bella经常回来看望Ruby,陪伴她。故选C项。
11.A.attention B.permission
C.respect D.interest
答案:A
解析:句意:Bella坐在前门的右边,想要引起别人的注意。attention“注意力”;permission“允许”;respect“尊重”;interest“兴趣”。根据最后一段中someone to notice可知Bella想要取得别人的注意。故选A项。
12.A.found B.greeted
C.passed D.lifted
答案:B
解析:句意:我丈夫冲出门去迎接她,然后高兴地跑回屋里给她拿一大碗坚果。find“找到”;greet“迎接;问候”;pass“通过”;lift“举起”。结合上文“My husband rushes out of the door to be...”可知,Ruby的丈夫冲出门来迎接Bella。故选B项。
13.A.surprise B.event
C.group D.story
答案:A
解析:句意:更令人惊讶的是,这个春天带来了一个惊喜。surprise“惊喜”;event“事件”;group“团体”;story“故事”。结合后文family,with her three babies可知,今年春天Bella带回了自己的孩子,这是一个惊喜。故选A项。
14.A.amusing B.inviting
C.interesting D.extended
答案:D
解析:句意:Bella带着她的大家庭又来了,她的三个孩子正等着有人注意到它们。amusing“有趣的”;inviting “诱人的”;interesting“有趣的”;extended“扩大的”。结合后文family,with her three babies可知,Bella有了三个孩子,组成了一个大家庭。extended family“大家庭”。故选D项。
15.A.afraid of B.forcing
C.waiting for D.applying for
答案:C
解析:句意同上。afraid of“害怕”;force“迫使”;wait for“等待”;apply for“申请”。Bella的孩子和Bella一样来到Ruby家,等待着有人注意到它们。故选C项。
五、语篇填空
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 1. they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2.(poor)studied;however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 3. tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4. (perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a 6. (believe)that their populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 7. (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉) that their populations are 8. (high) than they actually are.Of 9. nineteen recognised polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six 10.(be) stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.
答案:1.that 2.poorly 3.of/for 4.to perform 5.have reported 6.belief 7.noting 8.higher 9.the 10.areSection Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.He had i to go for a walk after supper,but an unexpected visitor came.
答案:intended
2.Please r your bag from the seat;here comes a passenger.
答案:remove
3.Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still o the Chinese traditional customs.
答案:observe
4.We worked hard to r the lost time.
答案:recover
5.Those who live near the rivers often face a t of floods.
答案:threat
6.Do you believe aliens really e in outer space
答案:exist
二、单句语法填空
1.The company has come fierce attack for its decision to close the factory.
答案:under
2.With the (intend) of becoming famous and rich,many ordinary people intend to take part in some TV shows.
答案:intention
3.That’s I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.
答案:why
4.Without my glasses,I couldn’t make whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight.
答案:out
5.To achieve harmony between humans and animals,the world must protect these beautiful (creature).
答案:creatures
三、完成句子
1.我已为你预订了早上的航班。
I’ve for you on the morning flight.
答案:made a reservation
2.警察发现他正以90英里的时速驾车。
The police at 90 miles per hour.
答案:observed him driving
3.妈妈提醒我明早要早起。
My mother up early the next morning.
答案:reminded me to get
4.她打算在暑假期间做志愿工作。
She voluntary work during the summer holiday.
答案:intended to do
5.在她的精心照料下,她的女儿已经从疾病中恢复过来。
With her special care,her daughter has the illness.
答案:recovered from
6.关于这颗行星是如何形成的,人们有许多种理论。
People have many theories about how the planet .
答案:came into existence
四、阅读理解
Kevin,diagnosed with dyslexia(诵读困难症),rarely spoke a word in class,and if he did,it would be a “Yes”,“No”,or “Maybe” in response to questions.He always scored badly in tests and saw no hope for the future.That was until he met Sarah,an advisor at a youth centre Kidpreneur.
In 2012,Kevin attended a course called Ready Set Go in that centre.The course was for disadvantaged kids in Kingswood—a low-income area in Sydney’s western suburbs—and its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighbourhood.
At the end of the course,Sarah took the kids to the local area.She asked volunteers to share their business experiences—Kevin immediately put up his hand.His challenge was to trade his hot dog selling service for free bread at a bakery.Although scared,Kevin was able to share his entrepreneurial story(创业故事) with the shop owner and asked if he could exchange his service for some bread.Unexpectedly,the shop owner told Kevin how moved he was by his story and handed him some bread for free.By the end of the afternoon,his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all-time high.
The following week,Kevin sold 70 hot dogs in two hours and made over $200.Soon after,he delivered public speeches in 20 schools,and was selected as part of his school’s leadership team.Now he heads a business group working on how to increase the potential customer base.
All of this would not have been possible if Kevin had not found his passion and perseverance to improve himself,and those around him.The guidance and trust of his advisor also helped to kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.
1.What were the kids expected to achieve in the Ready Set Go course
A.To improve their test scores.
B.To create a hot dog business.
C.To teach in low-income areas.
D.To be beneficial to the local area.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Ready Set Go定位到文章第二段,再根据第二段第二句可知,Ready Set Go这个课程的目标是教孩子们如何创办企业以及如何为社区提供价值。故选D项。
2.How did Kevin feel after visiting the local bakery
A.Scared. B.Confident.
C.Touched. D.Grateful.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句并结合上文可知,刚开始凯文是害怕的,但经过努力,到下午结束时,他对自己和可能发生的事情的信心空前高涨。由此可推知B项(有信心的)正确。
3.What does the underlined word “kindle” in the last paragraph probably mean
A.Inspire. B.Share.
C.Continue. D.Express.
答案:A
解析:词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段第一句可知,如果没有激情和毅力,凯文无法提升自我并影响周围的人,所有这些也就不可能实现。从上文可知,是凯文的指导老师萨拉对他的指导和信任帮助他激发了追求目标和梦想的热情。故A项最符合文章语境。
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.On the Road to Recovery
B.Turning Failure into Success
C.Growing Wealthy through Hard Work
D.From Hopeless Youth to Business Leader
答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章第一段第二句以及第四段最后一句可知,刚开始患有诵读困难症的凯文对未来一片茫然,但在遇到指导老师萨拉后,他的生活发生了变化。他找到了创业热情,最后成为一个商业集团的负责人。故D项为最适合的文章标题。
五、完形填空
As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change,it is having unexpected effects on our world’s forests.When temperatures rise,trees close their skins to 1 the loss of water,and this,in turn,slows down the 2 of photosynthesis(光合作用).As a result,these trees are shorter and grow slowly,as well as have a 3 death rate.
Climate change also increases the 4 of droughts and wildfires.After wildfires,it takes a while for the forest systems to 5 ,and in some cases,the forests are 6 permanently.Trees that are stressed are also 7 to attacks by bacteria(细菌).In tropical forests,vines that use the trees as 8 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients.Finally,humans have 9 the forest landscape through logging.When trees are replanted on the soil,they will never grow as large as the 10 trees that were cut down.
As these forests disappear,species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 11 the variety of those systems. 12 ,some endangered species are unable to 13 and die.Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world.When forests die,younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 14 poor vegetation.With trees dying increasingly and continuously,will future generations 15 out on the wonders of forests
1.A.protect B.prevent
C.save D.free
答案:B
解析:句意:当温度上升时,树木会将树皮闭合,以防止水分流失,而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。protect“保护”;prevent“阻止”;save“拯救”;free“释放”。根据后文the loss of water可知,树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选B项。
2.A.movement B.situation
C.process D.operation
答案:C
解析:句意同上。movement“活动”;situation“情况”;process“进程”;operation“操作”。结合上下文语境,树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失,这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程。故选C项。
3.A.higher B.firmer
C.lighter D.smaller
答案:A
解析:句意:因此,这些树较矮,生长缓慢,死亡率也较高。higher“更高的”;firmer“更坚固的”;lighter“更明亮的”;smaller“更小的”。根据上文these trees are shorter and grow slowly可知,树木矮小,生长缓慢,所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A项。
4.A.choice B.measure
C.qualification D.chance
答案:D
解析:句意:气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。choice“选择”;measure“测量”;qualification“资格”;chance“可能性;机会”。根据后文“After wildfires,it takes a while for...”可知,全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D项。
5.A.grow B.rescue
C.recover D.decline
答案:C
解析:句意:野火过后,森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复。grow“生长”;rescue“营救”;recover“恢复”;decline“下降”。结合上文“After wildfires,it takes a while for the forest systems to...”可知,野火焚烧了森林之后,森林系统需要时间才能恢复。故选C项。
6.A.ignored B.lost
C.hurt D.left
答案:B
解析:句意:在某些情况下,森林会永久无法恢复。ignored“被忽视的”;lost“无法恢复的”;hurt“受伤的”;left“左边的”。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林,森林需要时间来恢复,但是某些情况下,森林也可能不能恢复了。故选B项。
7.A.accessible B.enjoyable
C.acceptable D.favourable
答案:A
解析:句意:树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。accessible“易接近的”;enjoyable“快乐的”;acceptable“可接受的”;favourable“赞成的”。根据后文to attacks by bacteria可知树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。be accessible to“可进入的;可接近的”。故选A项。
8.A.attention B.command
C.trust D.support
答案:D
解析:句意:在热带森林中,以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会使树木窒息,并剥夺树木的营养。attention“注意力”;command“命令”;trust“信任”;support“支撑,支持”。结合上文vines that use the trees as可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的。故选D项。
9.A.frightened B.paid
C.ruined D.wasted
答案:C
解析:句意:最后,人类通过伐木,毁坏了森林景观。frighten“使害怕”;pay“支付”; ruin“毁灭”;waste“浪费”。结合后文the forest landscape through logging可知,人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C项。
10.A.common B.original
C.distant D.strong
答案:B
解析:句意:当树木被重新种植在土壤里时,它们永远不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。common“普通的”;original“原来的”;distant“遥远的”;strong“强壮的”。结合后文trees that were cut down可知此处指的是,人们新种植的树木,不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B项。
11.A.affecting B.improving
C.forgetting D.reflecting
答案:A
解析:句意:随着这些森林的消失,曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变,影响了系统的多样性。affect“影响”;improve“改善”;forget“忘记”;reflect“放射”。承接上文“As these forests disappear,species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change...”可知,森林的消失,改变了这些物种,也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A项。
12.A.Besides B.Surprisingly
C.Otherwise D.Unfortunately
答案:D
解析:句意:不幸的是,一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。besides“而且”; surprisingly“惊人地”;otherwise“否则”;unfortunately“不幸地”。根据后文some endangered species are unable to可知,很不幸的是,某些物种无法适应这些改变而死亡。故选D项。
13.A.devote B.keep
C.adapt D.lead
答案:C
解析:句意同上。devote“贡献”;keep“保持”;adapt“适应”;lead“带领”。根据上文“species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change”可知物种被迫发生改变了,而某些物种因无法适应而死亡。故选C项。
14.A.due to B.in addition to
C.instead of D.in spite of
答案:A
解析:句意:当森林死亡时,在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良,而变得更弱更小。due to“因为”;in addition to“另外”;instead of“而不是”;in spite of“尽管”。根据后文poor vegetation可知,此处指年轻森林由于植被不良,而变得更弱更小。故选A项。
15.A.pass B.miss
C.break D.bring
答案:B
解析:句意:随着树木不断地死亡,子孙后代会错过森林的奇观吗 pass“通过”;miss“错过”;break“打破”;bring“带来”。结合后文out on the wonders of forests可知此处指错过森林的奇观。miss out“错过”。故选B项。
六、微写作
结合课文主题,使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文。
1.几年前,野生动物以惊人的速度灭绝。(rate,die out)
2.在巨大的压力下,各国政府共同合作保护更多的野生动物免于灭绝。(pressure,extinction)
3.他们共同采取有效措施,并建立更多的自然保护区。(measure,reserve)
4.现在动物保护取得很大的进步,这让我想起只有通过全人类的共同努力我们才能保护好野生动物。(make progress,only+倒装)
参考范文
Several years ago,wild animals died out at an alarming rate.Under great pressure, all countries decided to work together to protect animals from extinction.Many effective measures have been taken and more natural reserves have been set up.The protection of wildlife is making great progress now,which reminds me that only through the joint efforts of all of us can we protect the wildlife better.Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
课后·训练提升
一、选词填空
search for emotion skin unusual for this reason in an effort to care for so as to clear up
1.To him,it was really a(n) trip to Arctic.
答案:unusual
2.They worked hard find a solution to the problem.
答案:in an effort to
3.I am fond of popular music while she classical music.
答案:cares for
4.The teacher speaks slowly and clearly make her understood.
答案:so as to
5.The rivers are usually so that the creatures in them can survive.
答案:cleared up
6.It was that he failed the exam.
答案:for this reason
7.The three-year-old girl has learned to the banana,which makes her parents happy.
答案:skin
8.They walked from door to door to the lost pet dog.
答案:search for
9.Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of .
答案:emotion
二、句型转换
1.People use wood to make furniture.
→Wood make furniture.
答案:is used to
2.We set off earlier than before with the purpose of finding a seat in the front row.
→We set off earlier than before find a seat in the front row.
答案:in order to/so as to
3.As for wildlife protection,it is our duty to contribute our efforts.
→ wildlife protection,it is our duty to contribute our efforts.
答案:When it comes to
4.The argument caused by a small thing came to an end at last.
→The argument by a small thing came to an end at last.
答案:brought about
三、完成句子
1.为了培养良好的习惯我们已经做了许多。
Much has been done .
答案:in order to/so as to develop good habits
2.逐渐地,他们习惯了乡村的生活。
Gradually,they are in the countryside.
答案:used to the life
3.老师要求我们注意自己的行为。
The teacher required us to .
答案:pay attention to our behaviours
4.大多数人已充分意识到保护珍稀动物的重要性。
Most of the people the importance of protecting the rare animals.
答案:are well aware of
四、阅读理解
A
(2022·北京丰台区高一期中)
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres (英亩) of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934,with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act,all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N.“Ding” Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,Iowa,who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934,better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Programme has been called one of the most successful conservation programmes ever initiated.
1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decrease in North America
A.Loss of wetlands.
B.Popularity of water sports.
C.Pollution of rivers.
D.Arrival of other wild animals.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知,北美水禽数量下降的原因是失去了湿地。故选A项。
2.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A.Achieve. B.Protect.
C.Destroy. D.Divide.
答案:C
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词前句“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.”和后句“Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.”以及“Unfortunately”可知,探险者和随后的定居者摧毁了这些资源的大部分。所以decimate为“摧毁”之意。故选C项。
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A.The stamp price has gone down.
B.The hunters have stopped hunting.
C.The migratory birds have flown away.
D.The government has collected money.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.”可推断,法案带来的直接结果就是政府筹集到了钱。故选D项。
B
Mike Myers is a teacher at Chauncey Rose High School in Terre Haute,Indiana.Last year,he taught his students about the world’s rainforests.They learned that rainforests are important because the plants and animals of the rainforest give us food,wood and medicine.
Destruction of the world’s rainforests is a serious problem.Unluckily,rainforests are disappearing at a rate of 80 acres per minute! As part of a class project,Myers’ students bought three acres of rainforest in Central America.They paid $25 per acre.The students hope that the land they bought will be protected and not destroyed.The students became so interested in rainforests that they decided to get a closer look at a real rainforest.
So last June,Myers and four of his students took a boat ride down a river.They saw alligators(短吻鳄) and crocodiles.In the middle of the week,a guide took Myers and his students into the rainforest.“The monkeys were not happy that we were in their forest.They broke small branches off the trees and threw them at us,” one of the students said.“It was a great learning experience for all of us,” said Myers.
Each student chose something specific about Costa Rica to study involving the plants,animals,food and culture.During the last few days the group had time to do fun activities.They went whitewater rafting and horseback riding and visited Costa Rica’s active volcano.
Myers hopes to make the trip every year with a different group of kids.
4.How much did Myers’ students pay for the rainforest they bought
A.$25. B.$75.
C.$80. D.$2,000.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As part of a class project,Myers’ students bought three acres of rainforest in Central America.They paid $25 per acre.”可知,他们买了三英亩,每英亩是25美元,共是25×3=75美元。故选B项。
5.What did Myers and his students do at the beginning of the trip
A.They went into the rainforest.
B.They bought three acres of rainforest.
C.They took a boat ride down a river.
D.They visited Costa Rica’s active volcano.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So last June,Myers and four of his students took a boat ride down a river.”可知,在旅行刚开始的时候,他们坐着一艘小船沿着河流而下。故选C项。
6.The word “Destruction” in paragraph 2 probably means “the process of being ”.
A.destroyed B.developed
C.described D.discovered
答案:A
解析:词义猜测题。句意:世界上热带雨林的破坏是一个严重的问题。由画线词后面的a serious problem和disappearing等词可推知此处应是消极词汇。故选A项。
7.The passage mainly shows that Myers and his students .
A.did something to protect rainforests
B.wanted to buy the rainforest in Costa Rica
C.were interested in the culture of Costa Rica
D.went to the rainforest for various fun activities
答案:A
解析:主旨大意题。通读文章尤其是第二段可知,本文主要讲述了Myers和他的学生做了一些事情来保护热带雨林。因此选A项。
五、语篇填空
Now it can’t be denied that the number of our friends—animals are reducing,which has become a great 1. (concerned) of us.There is no doubt that our real action is the most effective way 2.(protect) them.The government has set 3. many nature 4. (reserve) to protect their real and good 5. (habitat).We are 6. (aim) to focus on the key to 7. (solve) the serious problem and don’t think it is 8. waste of time or money.We don’t want to see animals struggle against human beings in the world again.Only 9. we do many meaningful things will their 10. (extinct) no longer be a problem that we’ll have to face.
答案:1.concern 2.to protect 3.up 4.reserves 5.habitats 6.aiming 7.solving 8.a 9.if 10.extinction
