(共43张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
词汇认知
重点单词
1. n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电
2. n.金额;数量
3. n.(艺术作品的) 展览馆;画廊
4. n.方法;途径;接近 vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近
charge
amount
gallery
approach
5. vt.保证;确保;担保
6. n.(陆上,尤指乡村的) 风景
7. adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
8. n.黄油;奶油 vt.涂黄油于
9.honey n.
10. n.祖宗;祖先
11. n.位置;姿态;职位
ensure
landscape
generous
butter
蜂蜜
ancestor
position
词汇拓展
announce vt.宣布;通知;声称
→ n.(一项) 公告;布告
→ n.(广播、电视的)广播员;播音员
announcement
announcer
语法图解
过去分词的用法(1)
探究发现
阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分
1.Most people just use the shortened name:“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.
3.They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.
4.Yes,you got it well remembered!
在前两个例句中,过去分词shortened和过去分词短语known as the Union Jack在句中做 语;而在后两个例句中,过去分词built和remembered分别在句中做 语,起着对宾语进行补充说明的作用。
定
宾语补足
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square,where we could get our car battery charged.(page 42)
朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场,在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。
考点charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt. 收费;控告;充电
charge...for...索价;要价
charge sb with (doing) sth指控某人(做)某事
in charge (of)负责;主管
in the charge of sb由某人负责
take charge of负责;主管
free of charge免费(=for free)
语境领悟
(1)Li Ming believes that museums shouldn’t charge visitors for admission while Sarah thinks otherwise.
李明认为博物馆不应该收取游客的门票钱,而莎拉持相反观点。
(2)Charged with stealing that car,the young man was taken to the police.
这个年轻人被指控偷了那辆车,被带到了警察局。
(3)I am happy to know that your newspaper will need a new editor in charge of articles based on traditional Chinese culture.
很高兴得知贵报现正在招聘编辑,负责撰写中国传统文化板块的文章。
(4)A week later,I volunteered to take charge of English study in my class.
一个星期以后,我自愿负责班里的英语学习。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I agree to his suggestion on the condition that he drops all (charge).
(2)The hotel charges thirty-five dollars a day this room.
(3)You’d better get the battery (charge) before it runs out.
charges
for
charged
一句多译
(4)当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。
→The company is when the boss is away.
→The company is Tom when the boss is away.
→Tom is the company when the boss is away.
in Tom’s charge
in the charge of
in charge of
2.【教材原文】 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides,we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.(page 42)
当我们最终到达服务台要求提供有声导游时,我们听到服务台宣布已经没有有声导游了。
考点announce vt.宣布;通知;声称
announce sth to sb
= announce to sb sth向某人宣布/通知某事
announce (to sb) that...(向某人)宣布……;通知(某人)
It is announced that...据宣布……(that引导主语从句)
announcement n.(一项)公告,布告,通告;(指行动)宣布,宣告
make an announcement发布通告;下通知
announcer n.播音员;广播员
语境领悟
(1)They officially announced the news to the reporters.
他们正式向记者发布了这条新闻。
(2)He announced that he’d given up smoking.
他宣称他已戒烟。
(3)Footsteps announced his return.
听到脚步声,就知道他回来了。
(4)I will make an announcement to remind them that they should check their belongings.
我会发布通告提醒他们检查他们的携带物品。
名师点津 announce后不能跟双宾语,即不能用 announce sb sth,而要用 announce sth to sb。后面不能接双宾语的动词还有 suggest,explain,report,express等。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She was planning to announce her engagement Peter.
(2)It was (announce) that new speed restrictions would be introduced.
(3)The president made an unexpected (announce) this morning.
to
announced
announcement
3.【教材原文】We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.(page 42)
国家美术馆入口处人山人海,人声鼎沸,这让我们很吃惊。
考点amount n.金额;数量 vi.总计;合计
the amount of...……的数量
“a large amount of + 不可数名词”做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
“large amounts of + 不可数名词”做主语时,谓语动词用复数。
amount to sth 总计;共计;等于,相当于
语境领悟
(1)The server is designed to store a huge amount of data.
该服务器是为存储大量数据设计的。
(2)The amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.我们对睡眠的需求量因人而异。
(3)His earnings are said to amount to ￡300,000 per year.
据说他每年的酬金合计为30万英镑。
(4)Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.
她的答复等于完全拒绝。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The number of the injured amounted over one hundred.
(2)Large amounts of money (be) spent on the bridge.
(3)A large amount of money (be) spent on the bridge.
to
were
was
4.【教材原文】 It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.(page 42)
周围有那么多人,很难靠近去观赏那幅画。
考点approach vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近
n.方法;途径;接近;道路
approach to 接近;近似,约等于;(做某事)的方法(途径)
at the approach of...在……接近的时候
make approaches to sb设法接近某人
the approach to (doing) sth ……的方法
approachable adj. 可接近的;可亲的
语境领悟
(1)The time for graduation is approaching.
毕业的日子即将来临。
(2)The approach of winter brings cold weather.
冬天即将来临,天气变得寒冷。
(3)The approach to the house was a narrow path.
通往这座房子的路是一条狭窄的小径。
温馨提示 在英语中,approach,way,means,method等词语在表达“(做)某事的方法”时的搭配不同,分别是:
the approach to (doing) sth
the way to do/of (doing) sth
the means of (doing) sth
the method of (doing) sth
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) (approach) the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
(2)Facing up to your problems is the best approach to
(work) things out.
(3)People are busy shopping the approach of the Chinese Spring Festival.
Approaching
working
at
5.【教材原文】Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.(page 42)
卡尔和他的朋友们寄宿在一个慷慨的家庭中,这家人为他们提供自家制作的涂有黄油和蜂蜜的面包。
考点generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;充足的;宽宏大量的
be generous to sb 对某人大方/慷慨
be generous with sth 对待……慷慨大方
generously adv.慷慨地;大方地
generosity n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量
语境领悟
(1)Without your generous support and patient guidance,we wouldn’t have achieved such a great success.
没有你慷慨的支持和耐心的指导,我们不会取得这么大的成功。
(2)I’m writing to apologise to you,wishing you could generously forgive my impolite behaviour.
我正写信向你道歉,希望你能宽宏大量,原谅我的不礼貌行为。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He treated his employees with (generous) and thoughtfulness.
(2)My mother is a kind person and always generous ______
her money when any of our neighbours are in trouble.
(3)Please contribute any clothes that you no longer need to those who are in need of them (generous).
generosity
with
generously
语法精析
过去分词的用法(1)
一、过去分词做定语
1.含义
(1)过去分词在多数情况下由及物动词充当,含有被动或动作完成的意义。
All the needed tools will be fully supplied.
需要的所有工具将会全部供应。
(2)过去分词也可以由不及物动词充当。这种情况下的过去分词没有被动意义,只表示动作的完成。
The risen sun is so bright.升起的太阳如此耀眼。
2.位置
过去分词做定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。
(1)单个的过去分词做定语一般放在名词的前面。
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.
他们正在清扫院子里的落叶。
过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰。
There are many beautifully decorated houses in this area.
这个区域有许多装饰精美的房子。
(2)如果是过去分词短语,则通常放在名词后做后置定语。过去分词短语做后置定语的作用相当于定语从句。
It is a house built by the Romans.
=It is a house which was built by the Romans.
它是一栋由古罗马人建造的房屋。
温馨提示 动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式都可以做定语,但用法不同:
动词-ing形式表示主动或进行的意义,过去分词表示被动或完成的意义,不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The man dressed in white is my father.
穿白色衣服的那个人是我的父亲。
I’m looking for a room to live in.我正在找房子住。
二、过去分词做宾语补足语
1.过去分词用于感官动词feel,hear,listen to,see,notice, observe,watch等词之后做宾语补足语。
When we got to school,we saw the door locked.
当我们到达学校时,我们看见门锁着。
We can hear the windows knocked by the heavy rain drops.
我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。
2.过去分词用于使役动词have,make,get,leave,keep之后做宾语补足语。
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
少说多看。
He had his money stolen.
他的钱被偷了。
I had my bike broken on my way home.
在我回家的路上,我的自行车坏了。
3.过去分词用于表示“希望,愿望,命令”等词之后做宾语补足语,如like,want,wish,expect,order,意为“希望/要求某人或某物被……”。
The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment.
老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
4.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed on his face.
她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他的脸。
温馨提示 过去分词与动词-ing形式做宾语补足语的区别:
在“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,如用过去分词做宾语补足语,表示动作所处的状态且与宾语构成动宾关系;用动词-ing形式做宾语补足语表示动作正在进行且与宾语构成主谓关系。
I saw her coming into the classroom.
我看见她正走进教室。(her和come是逻辑上的主谓关系,且表示“进来”这一动作正在进行)
With the problem settled,he could finally have a good sleep.
问题得以解决,他终于可以好好睡一觉了。(problem和settle之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词做宾语补足语)
即学即练
单句语法填空
(1)This is the statue of a brave soldier (seat) on a horse,with a gun on his back.
(2)When I came back to my hometown ten years later,I found it completely (change).
(3)Helen had to shout to make herself (hear) above the sound of the music.
seated
changed
heard
(4)My father had had the house (paint) before we moved in.
(5)The end of the story left me (puzzle).
(6)Don’t leave her (wait) outside in the rain.
(7)To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012.
painted
puzzled
waiting
conducted(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
词汇认知
重点单词
1. n.孔子
2.mansion n.
3.cemetery n.
4. n.后裔;后代;子孙
5. n.足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
Confucius
公馆;宅第
墓地;公墓
descendant
heel
词汇拓展
1.philosophy n.哲学→ n.哲学家;哲人
2.individual adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人
→ adv.个别地;单独地
philosopher
individually
重点短语
1.lead 导致;通向
2.be similar 与……相似
3.Achilles’ (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟,致命的弱点
4. one’s leg 开玩笑;开某人的玩笑
5. out of water 如鱼离水,浑身不自在
6.give introduction to 介绍
7.hold 等一下,别挂断;坚持住,挺住
to
to
heel
pull
fish
an
on
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu (page 38)
你觉得为什么威廉说他的家乡跟曲阜很相似
考点similar adj.相像的;相仿的;类似的
be similar in sth 在……方面相似
be similar to sb/sth 与……相似;跟……相仿
similarly adv.相似地;差不多地;同样
similarity n.相像性;相似性;类似性
语境领悟
(1)The two houses are similar in size and design.
这两所房子大小和设计都很相似。
(2)My daily routine is similar to yours.
我的日常生活和你的差不多。
(3)Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers.夫妇俩在各自所选择的事业上都很成功。
(4)They are both doctors but that is where the similarity ends.两人都是医生,但他们的相似之处仅此而已。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)My teaching style is similar that of most other teachers.
(2)The report stresses the (similar) between the two groups.
(3)The two brothers are similar many aspects.
to
similarity
in
2.【教材原文】An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words.(page 39)
习语是一种表达方式,它的意思不同于单个词的意思。
考点individual adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人
individual用作形容词时,意为“单独的;个别的”,用来修饰名词;用作名词时,意为“个人;与众不同的人;有个性的人”,是一个可数名词,其复数形式为individuals。
individually adv.单独地;分别地
语境领悟
(1)Divide the vegetables among four individual dishes.
把蔬菜分开盛放在4个单独的盘子里。
(2)She has her own individual style of doing things.
她有自己独特的行事风格。
(3)The competition is open to both teams and individuals.
团队和个人均可参加比赛。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Every individual (have) rights which must never be taken away.
(2)The children will first sing (individual) and then together as a group.
has
individually
3.【教材原文】If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss...(page 39)
如果你敢把取得的一切胜利,
为了更崇高的目标孤注一掷……
考点risk n.危险;风险 v.使……冒风险;冒……的风险
at risk 有危险;冒风险
at the risk of... 冒着……的风险
run the risk of (doing) sth 冒险(做某事);冒……的危险
take risks/a risk 冒险
risk doing sth 冒险做某事
risk one’s life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事
语境领悟
(1)I wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work.
我是不会冒上班迟到的风险的。
(2)You have no right to take risks with other people’s lives.
你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。
(3)The brave man risked his life to save the boy.
这个英勇的人冒着生命危险去救这个男孩。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)People who are overweight run the risk of (walk) difficultly.
(2)He saved my life the risk of losing his own.
walking
at
4.【教材原文】And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them:“Hold on!”(page 39)
身上已一无所有,
唯存意志在高喊:“顶住!”
考点hold on(打电话时)等一下;别挂断;(在困境或危险中)坚持住;挺住
hold on to 抓紧;不放开;不送(或不卖)某物;保存某物
hold back 阻挡;抑制(情感等);隐瞒;(使)犹豫
hold up 举起;支撑;延迟;阻碍
语境领悟
(1)Hold on a minute—I’ll just get a pen.
请稍等——我去拿一支钢笔来。
(2)They managed to hold on until help arrived.
他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
(3)I wanted to tell him the truth,but something held me back.
我本想告诉他真实情况,但又开不了口。
学以致用
用hold的相关短语填空
(1)Due to the traffic jam,we and got there 20 minutes late.
(2)They their hands and hugged everyone.
(3)Jim managed his anger and avoided a fight.
(4)They inspired us until the rescue team came to our help.
were held up
held out
to hold back
to hold on
句型剖析
【教材原文】Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.(page 38)
孔子说过,学而不思则罔。
句法分析
句中的learning without understanding是动词-ing形式(短语)做主语。动词-ing形式做主语时,表示一种抽象的概念,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。动词-ing形式(短语)做主语时,可以直接位于句首做主语,有时也可用it做形式主语,把动词-ing形式(短语)后置,这通常用于某些形容词如better, wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult或名词(短语) no use,no good,a waste of time等之后,构成It is/was +adj./n. +doing句式。
语境领悟
(1)Learning English well all by yourself is very difficult.
完全靠自己学好英语很难。
(2)It’s a waste of time playing video games every day.
每天玩电子游戏是浪费时间。
(3)Swimming is good for the health.
游泳对健康有益。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It is no good (tell) your friend everything about what you know.
(2)Doing morning exercises every day (do) you good in many ways.
(3) (collect) information about children’s health is his job.
telling
does
Collecting
发音提示
连读
在英语中,前后相连的音素会相互影响,并导致发音变化。在同一意群内,当辅音与元音、元音与元音前后相连时,可以打破单词的界限,将不同音素连起来读,就像单词内的不同音节一样,这种现象在语音上称为连读。在书写时,为了朗读方便,连读可以用符号“ ”表示。英语中的连读主要分为以下几种情况:
1.辅音+元音
在同一意群中,如果两个词前后相连,并且前一个词以辅音结尾,后一个词以元音(包括半元音)开头,那么这两个音就可以连在一起念。如:
2.-r/-re音节+元音
在同一意群中,如果两个词前后相连,并且前一个词以字母r/re结尾,后一个词以元音开始,这时候字母r/re要发/r/音,并与后面的元音连读。如:
3.元音+元音
在同一意群中,如果两个单词前后相连,并且前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开始,那么这两个音也可以连起来念。如:
注意:连读只发生在句子的同一个意群中。在两个意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音和元音出现,也不可连读。如:Please take a look at it.这个句子中take a look at it是同一个意群,那么take与a可以连读,look与at可以连读,at与it可以连读。在There is a book in it.一句中,book与in往往不连读,因为book与in分别在两个不同的意群中。(共93张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
词汇认知
重点单词
1. adj.最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长
2. adj.附近的;邻近的 adv.在附近
3. vi.应在(某处);适应
4.currency n.
5. adj.军事的;军用的
chief
nearby
belong
通货;货币
military
6. n.战役;搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗;奋斗
7. n.港口(城市)
battle
port
词汇拓展
1.kingdom n.王国;领域→ n.君主;国王
2.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
→ adj.令人迷惑的
→ adj.感到困惑的
3.defence n.防御;保卫→ vt.辩护;防护
4.legal adj.法律的;合法的
→ adj.[法] 非法的;违法的
king
puzzling
puzzled
defend
illegal
5.surround vt.围绕;包围→ adj.周围的;附近的
→ n.环境;周围的事物
6.evidence n.证据;证明→ adj.明显的;明白的
7.achievement n.成就;成绩;达到
→ vt.达到;完成
8.location n.地方;地点;位置→ vt.位于;查找……的地点 vi.定位→ adj.处于,位于
surrounding
surroundings
evident
achieve
locate
located
9.conquer vt.占领;征服;控制
→ n.征服者;胜利者
10.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
→ vt.使着迷;使神魂颠倒
→ adj.感到着迷的;被深深吸引的
conqueror
fascinate
fascinated
重点短语
1.join... ...把……和……连接或联结起来
2.break (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
3.belong 属于
4.as well 同(一样也);和;还
5.keep your eyes (for)留心;留意
6.be by 被……迷惑
7.result 导致;造成
to
away
to
as
open
confused
in
8.be referred to 被称为;被认为
9.be by 被……包围
10.take 占据
11.leave 留下
12.make 做出变化
13.date back 追溯到
as
surrounded
over
behind
changes
to
阅读自测
Step 1 Fast Reading
一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其主旨大意相匹配
Para.1 A.The UK is a country that is well worth visiting.
Para.2 B.The similarities(相似点) and differences of the four
countries that make up the UK.
Para.3 C.The four groups of people that influenced the
history and traditions of the UK.
Para.4 D.People’s confusion about the different names of the UK.
Para.5 E.How the UK came into being.
Step 2 Detailed Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.What can help us find out the differences between some different names of the UK
A.British languages. B.British history.
C.British location. D.British education.
B
2.Which country is the first to be joined to the Kingdom of England
A.Britain. B.Scotland.
C.Wales. D.Ireland.
3.What is different for the four countries of the UK
A.The flag. B.The currency.
C.The military defence. D.The education systems.
C
D
4.Which of the following is the achievement of the Normans
A.Building towns and roads.
B.Changing the way of building houses.
C.Leaving behind many new vocabulary.
D.Changing the legal system.
D
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】The United Kingdom,Great Britain,Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean.(page 40)
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——这些不同的名称是何意思,许多人感到困惑。
考点confuse vt.使糊涂;使困惑
confuse...and/with... 将……和……混淆
confused adj.迷惑的;困惑的;难懂的
confusing adj.令人困惑的;难以理解的
confusion n.困惑;混淆;不确定
in confusion 困惑地
语境领悟
(1)People often confuse me and my twin sister.
人们经常把我和我的双胞胎妹妹搞错。
(2)Customers are confused about all the different labels on food these days.
顾客如今被五花八门的食物标签搞得稀里糊涂。
(3)The instructions on the bottle are very confusing.
瓶子上的使用说明令人费解。
(4)There is some confusion as to what to do next.
至于下一步该做什么还不清楚。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)His explanation was so (confuse) that I could hardly understand what he had done at all.
(2)He looked at me confusion and didn’t answer my question.
(3)Many students will confuse “similar” “familiar”.
(4)There is some (confuse) about what the correct procedure should be.
confusing
in
and/with
confusion
2.【教材原文】Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.(page 40)
稍微了解一下英国历史,就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。
考点puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 v.迷惑;使困惑
be in a puzzle 感到困惑;不知如何是好
(be) a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜
solve a puzzle 解开谜题
puzzle about/over...苦苦思索;仔细琢磨
puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
puzzled adj.迷惑不解的;感到困惑的
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
语境领悟
(1)What puzzles them is that it is difficult to adapt themselves to senior English study.
使他们困惑的是,他们难以适应高中英语学习。
(2)How my parents managed to get to the conference was a puzzle to me.
我的父母是如何设法到达会议的对我来说是个谜。
(3)The most puzzling thing is that our tone is too monotonous to present the character’s inner heart fully.
最令人困惑的是,我们的语调太过单调,难以完全表现人物的内心世界。
(4)To be honest,I sometimes feel puzzled about my future career.
说实话,有时我对我以后的职业生涯感到困惑。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The student was (puzzle) about what to do next.
(2)The situation there was more (puzzle) than ever.
(3)As she turned back she caught the (puzzle) look on her mother’s face.
puzzled
puzzling
puzzled
完成句子
(4)她脸上疑惑的表情表明她对那个令人困惑的数学题感到迷惑不解。
The look on her face suggested she was _______
about the maths problem.
puzzled
puzzled
puzzling
3.【教材原文】In the 19th century,the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.(page 40)
十九世纪时,爱尔兰王国加入,组成了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。
考点add v.加;增加;添加
add to 增加;增添
add up 把……加起来
add up to 总共是;总计为
addition n.加法;添加;增加
additional adj.附加的;额外的
additionally adv.另外;此外
语境领悟
(1)What he did has added to our difficulties.
他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
(2)Please add up all these figures and tell me the total.
请把所有这些数字加起来,告诉我总数。
(3)It is reported that the number of visitors to the exhibition adds up to 15,000 every day.
据报道,每天来参观展览的人数总计为15,000。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)你的咖啡要多加糖吗
Will you more sugar your coffee
(2)船上的发动机出毛病了,而且恶劣的天气又加剧了海上全体船员的无助感。
The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather the helplessness for the crew at sea.
add
to
added to
(3)把你的分数加起来,看看你得了多少分。
your score and see how many points you get.
Add up
4.【教材原文】Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK,which resulted in the full name we have today:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.(page 40)
最后,在20世纪时,爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国,形成了今天的英国全称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
考点一break away (from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱
break in 破门而入;打断
break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)
break out (战争)爆发;(火灾)发生
break up 拆开;结束;解散
break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;(使)分解
break through 突破
break off 打断;折断
语境领悟
(1)What can we do to help them break away from the difficult position
我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢
(2)Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers from breaking into your house.
仔细关好门窗,避免陌生人闯入你的家中。
(3)Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out
如果发生火灾,大家都知道该怎么办吗
(4)Our car broke down on the freeway.
我们的车在高速公路上抛锚了。
考点二result in sth/doing sth 造成;导致
result from sth 起因于;由于
as a result 因此;所以;结果
as a result of sth/doing sth 因为/由于……
语境领悟
(1)The report says lack of water may result in several problems.报告提到水资源缺乏可能会导致一些问题。
(2)Many problems result from what you eat.
很多问题是由你吃的东西引起的。
(3)She died as a result of her injuries.
她由于受伤而死亡。
(4)He made a mistake,and as a result,lost his job.
他犯了一个错误,结果失去了工作。
学以致用
单句语法填空
用break或result的相关短语填空
(1)Don’t when he is telling a story.
(2)A fire at midnight and soon the whole building was in flames.
(3)It’s said that his disabled left leg an accident.
(4)A lot of new machines have been applied in the factory,
a production increase.
break in
broke out
resulted from
resulting in
完成句子
(5)那家公司因为经营不善而倒闭。
That company closed down bad management.
(6)很明显,他的失败是因为他的懒惰和粗心。
It is obvious that his failure his laziness and carelessness.
as a result of
resulted from
5.【教材原文】 People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.(page 40)
联合王国的人被称为“英国人”,这意味着联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。
考点refer to...as... 把……称为/叫作……
refer to sb/sth 提到;谈及;描述;涉及
refer sb/sth to sb/sth 将……交给……;让……求助于……
referable adj.可与……相关的
reference n.参考;查阅;说到(或提到)的事
in/with reference to 关于
语境领悟
(1)Her mother never referred to him again.
她的母亲再也没有提到过他。
(2)This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
这一段说的是去年发生的事。
(3)My doctor referred me to a specialist.
我的医生让我去找一位专家。
(4)She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.
她没有提到她的病,只说了说她未来的计划。
(5)With reference to your letter of last week,I have nothing more to say.
关于你上周的信, 我没有更多要说的。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Write down the name of the hotel for further (refer).
(2)You know who I am (refer) to.
(3)The symbol refers items which are intended for advanced learners.
(4)She often refers to him “that nice man”.
reference
referring
to
as
6.【教材原文】The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.(page 40)
同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
考点belong to是一个短语动词,表示“属于;为……的一员”。
belong to是一个表示归属关系的短语动词,不用于被动语态,也不用于进行时态,其中的to为介词,后跟名词或代词做宾语。
belong vi.应在(某处);适应
belonging n.归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
belongings n.[pl.]财产;所有物
语境领悟
(1)Who does this watch belong to
这块表是谁的
(2)Put everything back where it belongs before you leave.
你离开前把所有东西放回原处。
(3)I don’t feel as if I belong here.
我在这里感觉格格不入。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She packed her few (belong) in a bag and left.
(2)He had taken away some valuable items (belong) to another person.
(3)It’s important to have a sense of (belong).
belongings
belonging
belonging
7.【教材原文】They use the same flag,known as the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence. (page 40)
他们使用同一面国旗,也就是英国国旗,还有着同样的货币和国防。
考点一as well as 同(一样也);和;还
as well as连接两种词性、结构对等的成分,如对等名词、动词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式等。重点掌握以下要点:
(1)as well as连接两个名词或代词做主语时,谓语动词的数根据其前面的名词或代词确定。
(2)as well as位于句首,相当于besides,in addition to,后接动词时,用动名词形式。
(3)as well as也可以表示同级比较,意思是“和……一样好”, well为副词。
(4)may/might as well还是……为好;只好。
名师点津 as well表示“也;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。
语境领悟
(1)Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance.
海伦和我一样急于要看演出。
(2)We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls.
我们在粉刷墙壁,同时也在修理屋顶。
(3)Few guitarists can sing as well as they can play;Eddie, however,is an exception.
很少有吉他手唱歌像弹吉他那么好;然而埃迪是个例外。
考点二defence n.防御;保卫
defence against sth 防御物;防务;防御能力
in defence of 保护……;为……辩护
defend v.防御;保护;保卫
defend...against/from...保护……免受……伤害
语境领悟
(1)The immune system is our main defence against disease.免疫系统是我们抵御疾病的主要屏障。
(2)Mr Green stood up in defence of the little boy.
格林先生站起来为这个小男孩辩护。
(3)All the people were fighting against the flood in defence of their own homes.
为了保卫自己的家园,所有的人都在与洪水做斗争。
(4)As the Great Wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders,there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along the wall.
因为建造长城是用于防御外来入侵者的,所以沿墙每隔几百米就有瞭望塔。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Amy,as well as her brothers, (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
(2)They have a flat in town as well in the country.
(3)Some think that students should be trained (defend) themselves against some attacks.
(4)The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in
(defend) of their country.
was given
as
to defend
defence
8.【教材原文】Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. (page 40)
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方,这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。
考点一surround vt.围绕;包围
surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded by/with...被……包围
surround one self with 喜欢结交;身边总有
surrounding adj.周围的;附近的
surroundings n.[pl.]环境
语境领悟
(1)The farmer surrounded his house and garden with a fence.
那个农民用一道篱笆把房子和花园围住。
(2)As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness.
幼年时我被爱和善意包围着。
(3)I like to surround myself with beautiful things.
我喜欢身边总有漂亮的东西。
语境串记 Once upon a time,a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.
从前,在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王,他对邻邦十分友好。
考点二evidence n.证据;根据;证明
in evidence 显眼;显而易见
There is some/no evidence that... 有/没有证据证明……
evident adj.明显的;明白的
It is evident that... 很明显……
evidently adv.明显地
语境领悟
(1)There’s some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.
有证据证明,户外活动对我们有好处。
(2)At present we have no evidence of life on other planets.
目前我们没有在其他行星上存在生命的证据。
(3)The witness gave her evidence in a clear firm voice.
证人以清晰坚定的语调提出了她的证词。
名师点津 在“There is some/no evidence that...”句型中,that引导的是同位语从句,说明evidence的具体内容,而且There不可以改为It。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)To some people,happiness means they (surround) by family and friends.
(2)We could see the building (surround) by trees when we got there that morning.
(3)It took me a few weeks to get used to my new
(surround).
are surrounded
surrounded
surroundings
(4)After receiving the order,the police (surround) the hospital immediately.
(5)Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.
(6)All the scientific (evident) shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.
surrounded
that
evidence
9.【教材原文】Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.(page 40)
他们的一些伟大成就在于他们建立了城镇、修建了道路。
考点achievement n.成就;成绩;达到
a sense of achievement 成就感
make great achievements in...在……取得巨大成就
achieve vt.完成;达到 vi.成功
achieve success 获得成功
achieve one’s goal 达到某人的目标
语境领悟
(1)I felt a great sense of achievement when I reached the top of the mountain.
当我到达山顶的时候,我有一种巨大的成就感。
(2)In the last few years,China has made great achievements in environmental protection.
在过去的几年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。
(3)She eventually achieved her goal of becoming a professor.
她终于实现了成为一名教授的目标。
语境串记 I’ve achieved only half of what I’d hoped to do,so I cannot celebrate the achievements I’ve made although everyone said I should feel a sense of achievement.
我只做到了原本希望做的一半,因此我不能庆祝自己所取得的成绩,尽管每个人都说我应该有成就感。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)We try to celebrate the (achieve) of our students.
(2)We’ve had a good start,but more work needs to be done
(achieve) the final success.
(3)I took part in the knowledge competition on garbage sorting,which brought me a great sense achievement.
achievements
to achieve
of
10.【教材原文】The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary,as well as the names of many locations across the UK.(page 41)
维京人于公元8世纪到来,留下了诸多新的词汇,并给英国境内的许多地方命名。
考点一leave sb/sth behind 留下;忘了带;把……抛在后面
leave sth aside 搁置一边;不予考虑
leave(sth) off 中断;不把……列入;不包括
leave sth out 不包括;不提及
leave for... 动身去……
语境领悟
(1)Leaving the expense aside,do we actually need a second car 抛开费用多少不说,我们真的需要第二辆汽车吗
(2)Start reading from where you left off yesterday.
从你昨天停止的地方开始读。
(3)You’d better leave out the last paragraph.
你最好删掉最后一段。
(4)I have left my bag on the bus.
我把包丢在公共汽车上了。
考点二location n.地方;地点;位置
locate vi.找出……的准确位置;确定……的准确地点
located adj.位于;坐落在
be located at/in/on... 位于……
语境领悟
(1)The offices are located just a few minutes from the main station.
办事处离总站仅几分钟的路程。
(2)What is the exact location of the ship
那条船的确切位置在哪里
(3)They live in a small town located 30 miles south of Chicago.
他们生活在芝加哥以南30英里的一个小镇上。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)You left an “m” in the word “accommodation”.
(2)He left playing the piano to answer the door.
(3)Mother left my request and just carried on what she was doing.
(4)You will be left by your classmates unless you work harder.
(5)I am leaving London next month.
out
off
aside
behind
for
(6)They have chosen a secret (locate) for their honeymoon.
(7)It is said that the new museum is (locate) near the city library.
location
located
11.【教材原文】The capital city London is a great place to start,as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.(page 41)
以首都伦敦为第一站,是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市,其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
考点date back to 追溯到;始于;自……至今
date from=date back (to) 追溯到;始于;自……至今
date back (to)和date from 都不用于被动语态或进行时态。
date from和date back to 后接时间点;date back后接时间段。
out of date 过时的;陈旧的
up to date 至今;到目前为止
get a date with...与……约会
语境领悟
(1)The attraction of the museum lies in the fact that its collections date from the Middle Ages.
这家博物馆的吸引人之处在于它的收藏品可以追溯到中世纪。
(2)Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
巨石阵是世界上最著名的史前遗迹之一,可追溯到5000多年前。
(3)It’s a charming small French clock,made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.
它是一个迷人的法国小时钟,由黄铜做成,可以追溯到19世纪。
学以致用
用date的相关短语填空
(1)I haven’t received news from him .
(2)Your software is and you’d better get it upgraded.
up to date
out of date
完成句子
(3)这一传统可以追溯到唐朝。
This tradition the Tang Dynasty.
(4)中国有很多可以追溯到数千年前的习俗。
China has a number of customs thousands of years.
dates back to
dating back
句型剖析
1.【教材原文】They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.(page 41)
他们在英格兰各地修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。
句法分析
句中had castles built是 “ have+sth(宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)”结构,意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth后面用过去分词做宾语补足语,说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
have sb/sth doing 意为“使某人/某物做某事”这种动作往往具有持续进行的含义;此外,此句型还可用于won’t/can’t have sb doing sth,表示不允许或禁止。
have sb do 让/叫/使某人做某事
语境领悟
(1)He finds the washing machine which he had repaired last week break down again.
他发现上周让人修过的洗衣机又坏了。
(2)All the passengers must have their baggage checked before boarding the plane.
所有乘客在登机之前都必须被检查行李。
(3)In order to finish the task in time,the two men had their lights burning all night long.
为了及时完成任务,这两个人整夜都在亮着灯。
(4)I have an important meeting to attend this afternoon.
今天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I had my hair (cut) this morning.
(2)You’d better have your car (run) slowly.
(3)I won’t have you (stay) up so late.
(4)The teacher has his students (read) English every morning for half an hour.
(5)The patient is going to have his temperature (take).
cut
running
staying
reading
taken
2.【教材原文】The capital city London is a great place to start,as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.(page 41)
以首都伦敦为第一站,是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市,其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
句法分析
句中as引导状语从句,表示原因;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词an ancient port city,that在定语从句中做主语。动词-ing短语dating all the way back to Roman times在句中做后置定语,修饰a history。
语境领悟
(1)The man standing by the window is our teacher.
站在窗边的那个人是我们老师。
(2)The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
(3)They lived in the house facing the south.
他们住在朝南的房子里。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)There were then more than 200 children (listen) to music in the school.
句型转换
(2)The man who is reading a novel at the desk is my father.
→The man a novel at the desk is my father.
listening
reading
3.【教材原文】If you keep your eyes open,you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.(page 41)
用心去观察,英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前,令你叹为观止。
句法分析
该句是一个主从复合句,其中if引导的从句为条件状语从句; that you can see both its past and its present为宾语从句,做find的宾语。to find...为动词不定式做状语,用于句型“sb+be/become/feel/get...+adj.(表示情绪的形容词:surprised, excited,shocked,disappointed,glad,pleased,sad,satisfied...)+ to do...”中, 表示引起某种情绪的原因。
语境领悟
(1)He felt disappointed to be told that he was unfit for the job.
被告知不适合这份工作,他感到很失望。
(2)Jane was excited to have got such a good chance for further study.
简因为获得一个如此好的深造机会而激动不已。
(3)I am really happy to see you again.
再次见到您我真的非常开心。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The girl was shocked (see) a big snake lying on the road.
(2)Jackson felt very excited (elect) chairman of the football club.
(3)I was satisfied (give) enough time to prepare for the lecture.
to see
to have been elected
to be given(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress
& Video Time
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.individual adj.单独的;个别的 n.个人
→ adv.个别地;单独地
2.kingdom n.王国;领域→ n.君主;国王
3. adj. 最重要的;最高级别的 n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长
4.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
→ adj.令人迷惑的→ adj.感到困惑的
individually
king
chief
puzzling
puzzled
5.defence n.防御;保卫→ vt. 辩护;防护
6.surround vt.围绕;包围→ adj.周围的;附近的
→ n.环境;周围的事物
7.evidence n.证据;证明→ adj. 明显的;明白的
8.achievement n.成就;成绩;达到
→ vt.达到;完成
9.fascinating adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
→ vt.使着迷
defend
surrounding
surroundings
evident
achieve
fascinate
10.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称→ n.公告;宣告→ n. 广播员;播音员
11. vt.保证;确保;担保
12.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
→ adv.热切地;渴望地
13.poet n.诗人→ n.诗→ n.诗歌;诗意
14.greet vt.问候;迎接→ n. 问候;招呼
announcement
announcer
ensure
eagerly
poem
poetry
greeting
15.sensory adj.感觉的;感官的→ n.感觉;意识
→ adj. 敏感的
16.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的
→ vi.打;撞击;罢工;敲
17. n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤
sense
sensitive
strike
crowd
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.join... ... 把……和……连接或联结起来
2.break (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
3.refer as 称为……
4.result 导致
5.belong 属于
to
away
to
in
to
6.as well 同(一样也);和;还
7.date back 追溯到
8.keep your eyes open ( ) 留心;留意
9.have an influence 对……有影响
as
to
for
on
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.定语从句
Finally,in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, resulted in the full name we have today...
最后,在20世纪时,爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国,形成了今天的英国全称……
which
2.动词-ing形式做定语
The capital city London is a great place to start,as it is an ancient port city that has a history all the way back to Roman times.
以首都伦敦为第一站,是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市,其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
dating
3.it做形式主语
With all this beauty, is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music,dancing, and dining.
这般美景,自然造就了爱尔兰独特的民间传统,如音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等。
it
Ⅳ.重点语法
过去分词做定语
1.Most people just use the (缩写的) name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag, (被称为) the Union Jack,as well as share the same currency and military defence.
过去分词做宾语补足语
3.They (让城堡被建造) all around England,and made changes to the legal system.
shortened
known as
had castles built
Ⅴ.功能意念
Expressing excitement,surprise,and disappointment
1.I had no idea...我不知道……
2.I didn’t know...我不知道……
3.I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that...
我很渴望/惊讶看到/得知/听到……
4.It was so much fun!太有趣了!
5.It was a little disappointing.这有点让人失望。
6.It wasn’t as good/interesting/fun as I’d expected.
它没有我想象的那么好/有趣。
I happened to visit a county with a fascinating port surrounded by roaring oceans.The landscape nearby was striking with cattle dotted and the customs were a little puzzling to me.There was a generous chief who announced to have made achievements as a poet.(共50张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking &
Reading for Writing
词汇认知
重点单词
1.courtyard n.
2. n.点心;小吃
3. n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
4.feast n.
5. vi.& vt. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动 n.卷(轴);翻滚
6. n.点;小(圆)点 vt.加点;遍布
庭院;院子
snack
county
盛宴;宴会;节日
roll
dot
7. n. 牛
8.roar vi.& n.
9. n.大海;海洋
10.scent n.
cattle
吼叫;咆哮
ocean
气味;气息
11. n. 酒吧;酒馆
12. n.葡萄酒;果酒
13. n. (一杯)啤酒
14. n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi. 炖;煨
15. n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
16. n. 过渡;转变;变迁
17. n. 人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤
pub
wine
beer
stew
custom
transition
crowd
词汇拓展
1.eager adj.热切的;渴望的→ adv.热切地;渴望地
2.poet n.诗人→ n.诗
→ n.诗歌;诗意
3.greet vt.问候;迎接→ n.问候;招呼
4.sensory adj.感觉的;感官的→ n.感觉;意识
→ adj. 敏感的
5.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的
→ vi.打;撞击;罢工;敲
eagerly
poem
poetry
greeting
sense
sensitive
strike
重点短语
1.have an influence sth 对……有影响
2.a feast the eyes视觉盛宴
3.be dotted ...布满;点缀
4.make 组成
5. than很;非常
6.be to do sth 可能做某事
on
for
with
up
more
likely
词汇精讲
1.【教材原文】I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that...(page 43)
我很渴望/惊讶看到/了解到/听到……
考点eager adj.热切的;渴望的
be eager for...急于得到……
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
be eager that...热切希望……(从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略)
eagerly adv.热切地
eagerness n.渴望;热切
with eagerness热切地
语境领悟
(1)We are eager for news about them.
我们渴望得到他们的消息。
(2)Everyone in the class seemed eager to learn.
班上每个人似乎都热爱学习。
(3)“So what do you think will happen ” he asked eagerly.
“那么你觉得会发生什么 ”他急切地问道。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I was eager (have) those photos developed (冲洗) because I wanted to send them to my mother.
(2)As the Spring Festival is approaching,the children look forward (eager) to meeting their grandparents in the countryside.
(3)I wasn’t able to hide my (eager) to get back home.
to have
eagerly
eagerness
2.【教材原文】 On a quiet morning in the mountains,feel the sun on your skin,and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.(page 44)
山里宁静的早晨,感受阳光洒落在你身上,呼吸着鲜花的芬芳,而鸟儿则用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天的到来。
考点greet vt.问候;迎接
be greeted with/by sth 对……做出反应
be greeted as... 被当作……受到欢迎
greet sb with sth 用……和某人打招呼
give my greetings to... 请代我问候……
greeting n.问候,招呼;问候语(复数)
语境领悟
(1)We will greet you with open hearts and with love and admiration.
我们将带着爱与敬佩敞开心扉向你们致敬。
(2)His proposals were greeted with cheers.
他的提议受到欢呼。
(3)She greeted him with a smile.
她微笑着跟他打招呼。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) (greet) cards are easily made at home by using pen and paper or software.
(2)There are many different ways (greet) someone using words.
(3)He was greeted a hero.
Greeting
to greet
as
3.【教材原文】 Dave could not find a seat in the room.It was very crowded.(page 46)
戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。
考点crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤
a crowd of/crowds of一群……/成群的……
the crowd群众;老百姓;凡夫俗子
crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海
crowd into one’s mind/head (=crowd in on sb) 涌上心头;涌入脑海
crowd around/round ...聚集在……周围;聚拢
crowded adj. 拥挤的;挤满的;充满的
be crowded with挤满
语境领悟
(1)After seeing the report,problems about the company crowded into my head/crowded in on me.
看了这份报告后,很多有关公司的问题涌上我的心头。
(2)People crowded into the new supermarket to go shopping.
人们涌入那家新开的超市去购物。
(3)The bus was crowded with passengers.
公共汽车上挤满了乘客。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He was surrounded by crowds journalists.
(2)We all crowded her office to sing “Happy Birthday”.
(3)Photographers were crowding outside.
of
into
around/round
句型剖析
【教材原文】With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music,dancing,and dining.(page 44)
这般美景,自然造就了爱尔兰独特的民间传统,如音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等。
句法分析
it在句中做形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music,dancing, and dining。当不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式(短语)或从句在句中做主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,常用it做形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it本身无词义。另外,在该主语从句中,宾语strong traditions后面是由that引导的定语从句。
语境领悟
(1)It is very important to learn a foreign language.
学一门外语非常重要。
(2)It is no use arguing about it.
争吵是没有用的。
(3)It is uncertain who will come.
谁要来还不确定。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1) was really surprising that she married a man like that.
(2)It is believed China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
It
that
完成句子
(3)昨天你没有去看电影真遗憾。
that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
It is a pity
读后续写
典题示例
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Mo was waiting in the corridor outside her class.She was feeling sick.She had two exams that day and physics was the first.She really hated physics.It was her worst subject. Terry looked back at her from the front of the line,and then looked away quickly.Mo thought she looked guilty.She didn’t have a problem with physics.She didn’t have a problem with anything...Miss Perfect!
“Hi,Mo,it’s your favourite exam today,” said Nina, laughing as she joined the line.Terry was looking at Mo again. “So what’s wrong with her ” asked Nina.“I thought you were friends.” “Yes,so did I,” said Mo.“But she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now.She promised to help me review for the physics exam too,but then she ignored all my calls and texts.And when I rang her house,her mum just told me she was busy.She’s forgotten who her friend is!” said Mo angrily.“Are you listening to me ” Mr Reed was talking to
the class and the other students were going into the exam room.Mo gave Nina a worried look and followed them.
Mo couldn’t answer question number five.She looked up and saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her.Mo couldn’t believe it!Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it.Was that how Terry always got such good grades She felt really angry at Terry,but she didn’t know what to do.She thought about telling the teacher, but what would everyone else think of her “Stop writing and put your pens down,” said Mr Reed as he started to collect the exam papers.Oh no,Mo hadn’t answered two of the questions.She was going to fail again!
Mo wanted to talk to Terry at lunch time,but she couldn’t find her anywhere.The next exam was history.That was Mo’s favourite subject but she wasn’t feeling good.Mo went to the library to study,but she couldn’t concentrate. She didn’t know what to do about Terry.She thought about telling a teacher,but everyone would hate her if she did that. “It isn’t fair!” she thought.“Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time.” thought Mo.Just then,Mr Reed walked past her table.“Mr Reed...”
Mo was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon.Mo was feeling terrible.Why had she told Mr Reed But it was too late now.And anyway,Terry didn’t want to be her friend!Mr Reed wanted her to look at him and nod if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam.
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table._____________________
____________________________________________________
Mo was walking towards the school gate,when she heard footsteps behind her.___________________________________
____________________________________________________
写作指导
1.通读全文,理解大体故事情节,把握主线。
本文为记叙文,本文的主人公Mo和Terry是一对要好的朋友,Mo不擅长物理,Terry 原本答应帮助Mo复习,但是连续两个星期Terry 都不接Mo的电话也不回她的短信。Mo认为Terry已经忘了她这个朋友。当Mo在考试时发现Terry看手机,她内心纠结、矛盾,最终她把情况报告给老师,我们将续写她报告老师之后的情节。
2.分析关键词及段首提示,展开想象进行合理推测。
在读懂原文的基础上,紧扣原文,以原文的结局为起点,写出故事情节的发展和变化。文章最后一段提到Mr Reed告诉Mo,如果发现Terry作弊,就向他点头示意,以便抓住Terry作弊。续写的第一段可以延续故事情节,在下一场历史考试中,Mo发现Terry又在看手机。在一番纠结后,Mo告诉了老师,然后老师抓住Terry,Terry 被赶出了考场。本段中规中矩,开放性相对较小。第二段有很大的开放性。根据第二段首句提示,可知本段要写Mo和Terry考试后相遇,如何解释并解决矛盾。
该段有两条思路,一是Terry被老师证明真的作弊了。Terry怪罪Mo,而Mo也怪罪Terry没有帮助她复习,两人的友谊岌岌可危。然而我们在构思文章的时候要注意另外一个思路是想象Terry不是真的作弊。她看手机究竟是什么原因 从这个角度考虑,可以想象Terry跟Mo解释了自己不理她的原因是她父亲病了,并且今天有一场十分重要的手术,她不顾考场纪律看手机,就是想知道父亲的情况。最终两个人和好如初。对比两条思路,第二条思路宣传正能量,突出教育意义,所以选择第二条思路更好。
高分范文
She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table.Feeling uneasy and restless,she looked at Mr Reed and nodded.With her eyes fixed on the phone, it wasn’t until the teacher patted on her back that Terry noticed Mr Reed.Immediately,Terry was asked to leave.Terry rushed out of the class,crying all the way. Instead of feeling relaxed,Mo had ants in her pants.She felt guilty for telling Mr Reed about it, which had resulted in Terry’s not finishing her exam.
Mo was walking towards the school gate,when she heard footsteps behind her. She turned to find it was Terry who had just come out of the teacher’s office.Feeling embarrassed, Mo wanted to run away.However,Terry stopped her and said, “Mo,I’m sorry I haven’t kept my promise to help you review, but my father has been badly ill for two weeks.Today he had a significant operation. I was so worried about him that I kept on reading the texts on the phone sent by my mother to get the latest news about him,so Mr Reed forgave me.Can
you forgive me ” “Of course! Let’s go to the hospital to see your father.” Mo couldn’t wait to reply.
名师点评
全文叙述有条理,发挥自然,想象力丰富,充分利用了原文中的关键词,巧设情节,内容与原文紧密相连。第一段所给的关键点是“Terry had her phone under the table”,所以本段着重写Mo告知老师以及Terry被老师发现后的反应和Mo的心情。文中用到了With her eyes fixed on the phone,rushed out, crying,had ants in her pants和felt guilty等,形象、生动地描述了整个过程,画面感十足。第二段的首句提示在校门口两人相遇了。所以作者着重写Mo遇到Terry时的尴尬以及
Terry的解释,最后两个好朋友冰释前嫌,一起去看望Terry的父亲,与原文的内容紧密相连。
本文作者能熟练运用动词-ing形式,如Feeling uneasy and restless,crying all the way等,还有not until结构,以及定语从句等高级表达,语言功底深厚。
高分典句
1.使用动词-ing短语做状语
Feeling uneasy and restless,she looked at Mr Reed and nodded.
2.with复合结构做状语
With her eyes fixed on the phone,it wasn’t until the teacher patted on her back that Terry noticed Mr Reed.
3.使用定语从句
She felt guilty for telling Mr Reed about it,which had resulted in Terry’s not finishing her exam.
4.使用强调句
She turned to find it was Terry who had just come out of the teacher’s office.
5.使用结果状语从句
I was so worried about him that I kept on reading the texts on the phone sent by my mother to get the latest news about him,so Mr Reed forgave me.
即学即练
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
On one pleasant New Year morning,Edward rose and washed and dressed himself very quickly.He wanted to be the first to wish everyone a happy New Year.He looked in every room,and shouted the words of welcome.He ran into the street to repeat them to those he met.When he came back,his father gave him two bright new silver dollars.His face lit up as he took them.He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
He left the house with a light heart,intending to buy the books.As he ran down the street he saw a poor German family,the father,the mother,and three children shivering(发抖) with cold.
“I wish you a happy New Year,” said Edward,as he was happily passing by.The man shook his head.“You do not belong to this country ” said Edward.The man shook his head again,for he could not understand or speak English.But he pointed to his mouth,and to the children,he seemed to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.” Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in a very difficult situation and required some help.He took out his dollars,and gave one to the man,and the other to his wife.
How their eyes sparkled(闪耀) with gratitude!They said something in their language,which doubtless meant,“We thank you a thousand times,and will remember you in our lifetime.”
When Edward came home,his father asked what books he had bought.He hung his head a moment but quickly looked up.“I have bought no books,” said he,“I gave my money to some poor people,who seemed to be very hungry.”
“I think I can wait for my books till next New Year,” continued he._________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms,Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world.____________________________________________
____________________________________________________
参考范文
“I think I can wait for my books till next New Year,” continued he.His father looked at him with a puzzled look.He explained that it was a German family that was badly in need of help.They even didn’t have enough clothes to wear. Edward’s explanation made his father understand what had happened and he expressed that he couldn’t agree more with him.In order to praise Edward for the work he did,his father bought the books, saying,“Never can we turn a blind eye to those in need.What you have done will make them a happy New Year.”
Hearing what his father said and holding the books his father gave him in his arms,Edward felt he was the happiest boy in the world. He felt the sweetness of helping others.A few days later,Edward met the family again,and they still thanked him a thousand times.It seemed the city was bathed in brilliant sunshine because of Edward’s feelings.Additionally,he knew that help meant that under any circumstances could we all give a hand to people in trouble.Maybe a single word would be enough for them.
