Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.To tell the truth,I am in f of the conclusion.
答案favour
2.He has met many b in her research and often feels upset.
答案barriers
3.Tina is a r person.You can let her take over the department.
答案reliable
4.Your blouse d from mine in colour.Mine is light yellow.
答案differs
5.With these words,the little girl stood there quietly,tears running down her c .
答案cheeks
6.There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked i to my dog.
答案identical
7.In order to complete the project,they decided to e ten more workers.
答案employ
二、单句语法填空
1.Remember that gestures vary a little slightly country to country.
答案from
2.I hope you will approve my choice because your approval means much to me.
答案of
3.It’s natural that the twins differ each other in character.
答案from
4.Would you please do me favour to open the window
答案a
5.His health broke under the pressure of hard work.
答案down
6.Her face went red with (angry) when she heard the news.
答案anger
7.She may forget to come—she is not very (rely).
答案reliable
8.This green dress is really cheap by (compare).
答案comparison
三、完成句子
1.你的外套和我的一样,真有趣。
It’s really interesting that your coat .
答案is identical to mine
2.你能帮我把那盏灯关了吗
Could you and turn off that light
答案do me a favour
3.当你处境困难时,你可以指望我们来帮你。
You can when you are in trouble.
答案rely on us to help you
4.在英语中,单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音。
In English,the spelling of a word the sound.
答案does not always represent
5.过去十年见证了我家乡的巨大变化。
The past ten years the great changes in my hometown.
答案has witnessed
四、阅读理解
Body language is the “silence language” of every culture.It is important to know the body language of every country,or we may be misunderstood.
In the United States,people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.If the handshake is weak,it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or shoulder.Some people,usually women,greet a friend with a hug.
Space is important to Americans.When two people talk to each other,they usually stand about two or a half feet away and at an angle,so they are not facing each other directly.Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.If Americans touch another person by accident,they will say “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”.
Americans like to look the other person in the eye when they are talking.If you don’t do so,it means you are bored,hiding something,or are not interested.But when you stare at someone,it is not polite.
Learning a culture’s body language is sometimes confusing.If you don’t know what to do,the safest thing to do is to smile.
1.Suppose you are meeting a customer from the United States,how will you greet him
A.Greet him with a hug.
B.Stare at him.
C.Place a hand on his arm.
D.Shake his hand firmly.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the United States,people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction.The handshake must be firm.”可知,在美国,人们在正式的介绍中握手问候对方。握手要有力。由此可知,假设你要会见一位来自美国的顾客,你可以通过坚定地握他的手来问候。故选D项。
2.If you stand too close to Americans,they will .
A.face you directly B.move back
C.say “Pardon me” D.stare at you
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space.”可知,当一个人站得太近时,美国人会感到不舒服。他们会后退来保持距离。由此可知,如果你站得离美国人太近,他们会后退。故选B项。
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A.Americans stand side by side when talking with friends.
B.Americans show their respect by shaking hands weakly.
C.Americans say “Excuse me” to each other when talking.
D.Americans like to look the other person in the eye when talking.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Americans like to look the other person in the eye when they are talking.”可知,美国人在谈话时喜欢直视对方的眼睛。故选D项。
4.If you know nothing about a culture’s body language,you can .
A.listen carefully with no expression
B.hide your opinions
C.smile
D.stare at others
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If you don’t know what to do,the safest thing to do is to smile.”可知,如果你不知道该怎么做,最安全的方法就是微笑。故选C项。
B
The British are known for their sense of humour.However,it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.
Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.For example,if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain,he might say,“It’s a little damp(潮湿的) outside.” Or,if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person,someone else might say,“She isn’t exactly friendly.” Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly.Understatement plays an important part in British humour.
Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to their everyday life when someone accidentally falls over in the street.They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society.They like to make jokes about their accents,the way they dress and the way they behave.What’s more,the British love to watch comedies(喜剧) about people who do not know how to behave in society.The comedy series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour.
Mr Bean doesn’t talk often,and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do.Mr Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour.Because of this,many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour.
5.Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes
A.The British often enlarge the fact.
B.British jokes are connected with many different cultures.
C.British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.
D.The British try to make out that something is less important than it is.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.”可知,答案选D项。
6.The author explains understatement by .
A.describing a process
B.making comparisons
C.following the time order
D.using examples
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For example,if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain,he might say,‘It’s a little damp outside.’ Or,if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person,someone else might say,‘She isn’t exactly friendly.’”可推断出,作者通过举例来解释“有保留的陈述”。故选D项。
7.Mr Bean makes people laugh by .
A.using his body movements and facial expressions
B.making jokes about others’ accent
C.copying how others behave
D.telling funny stories
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Mr Bean doesn’t talk often,and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.”可知,憨豆先生用自己的身体动作和面部表情让人们笑。故选A项。
8.What can be the best title for the text
A.British humour in comedy
B.Humour in different cultures
C.Understanding British humour
D.Developing your sense of humour
答案C
解析标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.”和第三段中的“Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.”可知,这篇短文主要介绍了理解英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。故选C项。Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.I am looking forward to (return) to school soon,for I have stayed at home for a month because of illness.
答案returning
2.After the earthquake,many buildings in the area need (rebuild).
答案rebuilding/to be rebuilt
3.I regret (tell) you that I have forgotten to bring the book you want.
答案to tell
4.I didn’t mean (eat) anything,but those apples looked so good that I couldn’t help eating one.
答案to eat
5.I used to practise (speak) English every morning at university.
答案speaking
6.Their job is (make) wheelchairs for disabled people.
答案making
二、完成句子
1.他试图逃避回答我的问题。
He tried my questions.
答案to avoid answering
2.我忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。
I can’t stand in public.
答案being looked down upon
3.我一直盼望着收到你的来信。
I have been looking forward to .
答案hearing from you
4.不要忘了给你母亲写信。
Don’t forget .
答案to write to your mother
5.真遗憾我没能听他的讲座。
I really regret .
答案having missed his lecture
三、七选五阅读理解
We want the world to be a better one because we are in it.However,“changing the world” isn’t easy.Here are some great ways to change it for the better.
Smile at Everyone.
1 Smile at people—the folks on the bus,or the receptionist at the office,for instance.Depending on your culture,you might feel a bit awkward or shy at first. 2 People would respond brilliantly to a smile.Take it further:Give out free hugs.
Write a Letter to Someone You Love.
If a letter takes too long,write a card or postcard to your parents,or a relative who you don’t see often but who you care deeply about. 3 Take it further:Write to a sick child,or a stranger in trouble.Your letter or card could make his or her day special.
4
Being creative is a good way.It’s not a necessarily big thing—but your poem,painting,special recipe,blog post,etc.may impress others.Take it further:Offer your creative skills to a local youth group,school or retirement home.You could play a game,run a class,organise a concert...
Say “Thank you”.
Saying a heartfelt “thank you” means a huge amount to someone.If you’re a manager at work,take time to thank your men for what they do. 5 Take it further:Write,phone or email someone in your community to thank them for the role they play.
A.Give it a try anyway!
B.Speak less and do more.
C.Create something unique.
D.Let them know how special they are to you.
E.It’s such a tiny thing,but it really does work.
F.Keeping writing will surely improve your social skills.
G.In your family,appreciate your partner,parents or kids.
答案1~5 EADCG
四、语篇填空
At the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research researchers suggest how the interaction(交互) between remembering and forgetting in the brain 1. (allow) us to make more intelligent decisions 2. (base) on memory.They publish the review paper in the journal Neuron.
Forgetting makes us much smarter by working with memorising in the following 3. (way),the researchers say.First,letting go of outdated information lets us adapt to new situations.By forgetting the older and potentially misleading(使人误解的) information,we can adapt 4. new environments more 5. (easy).Second,forgetting also makes decision-making easier.We just remember the important information which makes it easier for us 6. (make) wise decisions.
What and how much we remember can 7. (decide) by our environments.For example,a lawyer or a designer with a lot of clients(客户) will likely remember 8. (they) names for a longer period of time.A cashier,9. has a changing sea of customers every day,will only remember names for a short amount of time.
The researchers point out that the motto is true:If you don’t use it,you lose it.But as this review paper shows,it can be 10. good thing.Clearing out the information you don’t need can help make room for the important stuff,which can make you become more intelligent.
答案1.allows 2.based 3.ways 4.to 5.easily 6.to make 7.be decided 8.their 9.who 10.aSection Ⅲ Using Language,Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.As we all know,Confucius is an ancient Chinese e .
答案educator
2.Resembling each other,the twin sisters are difficult to d .
答案distinguish
3.Dad had tightened the bolt too much!I just a them slightly!
答案adjusted
4.I felt e when I came late to the meeting and found no place to sit in.
答案embarrassed
5.The method can be used to calm ourselves and l our stress levels.
答案lower
6.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back on the lawn after match,s at the sky.
答案staring
7.Hearing how others r to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
答案react
8.While watching TV,children do not m absorb words and images.Instead,they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.
答案merely
二、单句语法填空
1.These trees have a (tend) to grow in the dry mountains.
答案tendency
2.They waited with (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival.
答案anxiety
3.He felt so (embarrass) about the mistake he had made.
答案embarrassed
4.She was deeply ashamed her behaviour at the dancing party.
答案of
5. bothers us that they haven’t been telling us the truth.
答案It
6.We think that we will be adjusted the new environment as soon as possible.
答案to
7.He is able to distinguish one variety of tea another one.
答案from
8.You never know how she is going to react the news.
答案to
9.It looked as if he (come) back from outer space.
答案had come
10.I had forgotten all about it because I had been so occupied other things.
答案with
三、完成句子
1.你适应学校生活了吗
Have you the school life
答案adjusted yourself to
2.我想去拜访我的老师,顺便问他一些问题。
I want to and ask him some questions.
答案call on my teacher
3.你介意把你一个人留在家里吗
Do you mind alone at home
答案being left
4.他们停下,惊讶地盯着他。
They stopped and in amazement.
答案stared at him
5.他焦虑地等着弟弟归来。
He was waiting for his brother’s return .
答案with anxiety
四、完形填空
From using a smiling emoji in messages to saying “cheese” when taking photos,most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness. 1 some scientists don’t think so.
The 2 between smiles and happiness was recently studied by researchers in the UK.Their 3 found that smiling doesn’t necessarily show a person’s gladness.Instead,it may usually 4 a tool in social contact.
In the study,44 people aged between 18 and 35 took part in a quiz.The 5 had to answer nine difficult questions,while their facial expressions were recorded by computers.The participants were then asked to rate their own experiences when answering the questions.They were given 12 different emotions to 6 ,including “bored” and “interested”.
People always 7 the experiences that made them smile with “engagement(参与)”, 8 “happiness” or “interested”.
We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness. 9 ,a smile is more likely to be caused by a feeling of 10 .
In order to 11 explain these results,the researchers checked the 12 of the participants answering each question.The participants didn’t show any signs of smiling in their images when they were trying their best to find out the right answer.
However,when they were told whether their answers were 13 or not,they smiled.And more 14 ,they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect.It showed “their enjoyment of this game”.
“This 15 could be explained by self-ratings of engagement,rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration,”body language expert Harry Witchel said.
1.A.But B.So
C.Then D.And
答案A
解析但一些科学家不这么认为。前后观点不一致,表示转折。
2.A.difference B.connection
C.similarity D.gap
答案B
解析英国的研究人员最近研究了微笑和幸福之间的联系。根据“most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness”得知,研究人员研究的是它们之间的联系。
3.A.report B.group
C.study D.article
答案C
解析他们的研究发现,微笑并不一定表明一个人高兴。根据“...was recently studied by researchers in the UK”得知,这是研究的发现。
4.A.use as B.consider as
C.look upon as D.serve as
答案D
解析根据“a tool in social contact”得知,微笑只是充当交流工具。A、B、C要用被动语态。
5.A.participants B.people
C.researchers D.members
答案A
解析参与者必须回答9个难题,同时他们的面部表情会被电脑记录下来。根据“In the study,44 people aged between 18 and 35 took part in a quiz.”得知,这里指参与者们需要回答难题。
6.A.describe as B.choose from
C.write down D.think of
答案B
解析根据“They were given 12 different emotions to”得知,给12种不同的情绪让参与人员选择。
7.A.thought B.believed
C.matched D.considered
答案C
解析根据“We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness.”得知,这是实验中进行匹配。match...with“相匹配”。
8.A.as well as B.except for
C.along with D.rather than
答案D
解析根据“the experiences that made them smile with ‘engagement’”得知,人们不把微笑和幸福或感兴趣相匹配。
9.A.However B.Therefore
C.Actually D.Generally
答案A
解析然而,微笑更可能是由一种参与的感觉引起的。however 然而。研究结果和人们普遍想法不一致,表示转折。
10.A.happiness B.engagement
C.gladness D.cheerfulness
答案B
解析根据“People always...the experiences that made them smile with ‘engagement’”得知,微笑和参与有关。
11.A.more B.double
C.further D.right
答案C
解析为了进一步解释这些结果,研究人员检查了参与者回答每个问题的影像。
12.A.results B.papers
C.boards D.images
答案D
解析根据“The participants didn’t show any signs of smiling in their images when they were trying their best to find out the right answer.”得知,检查的是影像,属原词复现。
13.A.correct B.interesting
C.doubtful D.good
答案A
解析根据“they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect”得知,这是在说实验中问题结果是否正确。
14.A.seemingly B.surprisingly
C.exactly D.amusingly
答案B
解析更令人惊讶的是,当他们的答案不正确时,他们笑得更多。根据句意得知,这是令人惊讶的结果。
15.A.smile B.answer
C.behaviour D.way
答案C
解析根据“they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect”得知,这是一种行为。
五、七选五阅读理解
Rock Climbing as Sport and Art
It is estimated(估计) that nine million people go rock climbing in the United States.Millions more take part in the activity around the world. 1 Others compete.Rock climbing can be dangerous.But there are many methods and protective devices(装置) that can increase a climber’s safety.
2 Climbers have to pull themselves straight up the face of very high rocks or walls.So they have to be strong enough to carry their own weight.And climbers sometimes have to hold on to rocks with only their fingers or toes.
There are several kinds of rock climbing.Traditional rock climbing is done outside.Climbers wear ropes and attach devices to the rocks as they climb many hundreds of meters up.They also connect their ropes to the devices. 3 Sport climbing is similar.However,in those cases the protective devices are permanently(永久地) placed in the rock.There is also indoor climbing.Rock walls made of wood or concrete have places for the climber’s hands and feet.
4 People climb glaciers or frozen waterfalls instead of rocks.They use special equipment for the ice.
And then there is bouldering-climbing(巨石攀岩) rocks between three and seven meters high. 5 Many climbers like bouldering because they can use less equipment.Climbers often need only special shoes and chalk.All climbers use chalk to keep their hands dry.
A.Ice-climbing is exactly as it sounds.
B.Some do it just for personal interest.
C.Some go climbing at weekends or in holidays.
D.It is a quicker and more intense(剧烈的) kind of climbing.
E.If a climber slips,a rope can stop him from falling.
F.Climbing takes strength,control and good balance.
G.It is more challenging and dangerous,but also more fun.
答案1~5 BFEAD
