Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.It was the second time that he (rush) out of the classroom without permission.
答案:had rushed
2.I was very happy to see Jane again yesterday.We (not see) each other for six years.
答案:hadn’t seen
3.By the end of last term,more than 3,000 English words (learn) by us.
答案:had been learnt
4.It was really annoying.I couldn’t get access to the data bank you (recommend).
答案:had recommended
5.We (hope) that you would come,but you didn’t.
答案:had hoped
6.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who (cheat) of her money.
答案:had been cheated
7.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.
答案:had been trapped
8.I (teach) a good lesson by his experience.
答案:have been taught
9.On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that (reject) by its mother.
答案:had been rejected
10.By 16:30,which was almost closing time,nearly all the paintings (sell) sold.
答案:had been sold
二、选词填空
at least;set off for;worry about;earn one’s living;switch off;be regarded as
1.The Last Supper one of Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpieces.
答案:is regarded as
2.Mr Smith by delivering lectures throughout the country.
答案:earned his living
3.My friend and I a new adventure on the first day of the New Year.
答案:set off for
4.As soon as the seat belt sign had been ,we rushed out of the plane.
答案:switched off
5.I’ve known her as long as you have.
答案:at least
6.Some parents their children who are not able to stand up for themselves in life.
答案:worry about
三、完成句子
1.这一结构必须得稳固。
This structure must .
答案:be stable
2.你的职责包括打印信件和接听电话。
Your duties and answering the telephone.
答案:include typing letters
3.你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗
Would you like to our collection
答案:contribute to
4.我刚开门,他就告诉了我这件事。
I opened the door he told me the thing.
答案:Hardly had;when
5.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。
that he had made the same mistake.
答案:It was the third time
四、阅读理解
“Food is the first necessity of the people.” is a famous Chinese old saying,which reflects that Chinese have paid much attention to food since the ancient times.The importance of food in people’s daily life in China can be seen in the way they send greetings to each other,“Have you eaten ”,which is far away from the way people greet in western countries and has been seen as a characteristic of Chinese culture.
Food in China generally includes rice,wheat,buckwheat,corn,potato,sweet potato,beans and varieties of vegetables.Besides,wheaten food such as Mantou (steamed bun),noodles,Youtiao (deep-fried dough stick),Xiaolongbao (steamed pork-stuffed dumpling in bamboo basket),and many other local snacks,are commonly seen on the table in China.
Regionally,a general feature of spicy east food,sweet south food,sour west food and salty north food can be summarised,but flavours of food in places differ from each other as a matter of fact.Generally,people living in South China pay more attention to nutrition and prefer delicate,tasty and refreshing food such as rice porridge and soup; however,spicy hotpot is always people’s favourite in the southwest areas due to the wet and rainy climate.And,people living in North China prefer wheaten food such as dumplings,noodles,while all kinds of steamed bun and beef and mutton are most popular in northwest areas.
1.The expression “Have you eaten ” functions the same as “ ”.
A.Are you hungry
B.What did you eat
C.Hi!How are you doing
D.When will you eat
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The importance of food in people’s daily life in China can be seen in the way they send greetings to each other,...as a characteristic of Chinese culture.”可知,在中国人的日常生活中,食物的重要性可以从他们互相问候“吃了吗 ”体现出来,这与西方国家的人们打招呼的方式相去甚远,但却被视为中国文化的一个特点。由此可推知,“你吃了吗 ”这句话的功能相当于“嗨,你好吗 ”。故选C项。
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a general Chinese food
A.Steak and mutton.
B.Rice and wheat.
C.Corn and potato.
D.Beans and vegetables.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Food in China generally includes rice,wheat,buckwheat,corn,potato,sweet potato,beans and varieties of vegetables.”可知,一般的中国食物包括大米、小麦、荞麦、玉米、土豆、红薯、豆类和蔬菜,故A选项提到的牛排和羊肉不是一般的中国食物。故选A项。
3.Why do people in Sichuan province like spicy hotpot
A.Because they live in the east of China.
B.Because it is too cold in winter there.
C.Because it rains a lot and is too wet.
D.Because spicy food makes them eat more.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...however,spicy hotpot is always people’s favourite in the southwest areas due to the wet and rainy climate.”可知,四川人喜欢吃麻辣火锅是因为四川下雨很多而且太潮湿了。故选C项。
4.The last paragraph is mainly about .
A.people living in South China like sweet food
B.Chinese food habits are different in areas
C.people in North China prefer wheaten food
D.how people prepare food in different areas
答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,南方人更注重营养,喜欢清淡、可口、清爽的食物;然而,在西南地区,由于潮湿多雨的气候,麻辣火锅总是人们的最爱。此外,生活在中国北方的人们更喜欢面食,牛羊肉在西北地区最受欢迎。由此可知,最后一段主要是讲述中国各地饮食习惯的不同。故选B项。
五、七选五阅读理解
If you’re trying to cut back on your snacking,take a moment to consider that nearly 94% of Americans snack at least once a day. 1 But once you take measures to change your habits,you might find it’s not as difficult as you think.
2 Meals that have a variety of nutrients are more likely to satisfy the desire your body has.It is very important to make sure your meals are balanced so that you ensure you do not have the desire for snacks.Make sure to have quality proteins and fats at lunch,not foods like fast food.These can help carry away your hunger throughout the day.
Be sure to eat breakfast.Breakfast that is high in protein is observed to increase satiety(饱足) in the morning. 3 Try to eat at least 35 grams of protein for breakfast,in order to help you feel fuller throughout the day.
Eat high-protein diets to help you feel full longer.Protein takes more time to digest. 4 Check the labels on your food when comparing items in the grocery store.This will allow you to select foods to carry away hunger.
Make your meals longer.Take your time to chew your food to help digest it.It can also give your body time to let you know that you are full. 5
A.Eat balanced meals every day.
B.Avoid eating junk food in the evening.
C.This can help your meal last longer in your stomach.
D.They can also help people feel fuller in the evening.
E.Research shows that people who chew more slowly feel less hungry.
F.Research shows exercising regularly can decrease the chance that you want to snack.
G.It can be difficult to cut back on snacks when snacking is such a common part of a culture.
答案:1~5 GADCEUNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课后·训练提升
一、选词填空
prior to;tend to;consist in;go hand in hand;refer to;cut off
1.The beauty of the town its ancient buildings.
答案:consists in
2.You should have done this beginning your script.
答案:prior to
3.Recently,Shanghai began pushing construction to with gardening.
答案:go hand in hand
4.He had his finger in an accident at work.
答案:cut off
5.Study the example and the explanation below.
答案:refer to
6.We all like those who are similar to us.
答案:tend to
二、单句语法填空
1. (consume) of oil has declined in recent years.
答案:Consumption
2.Everywhere the food was as (vary) as the people.
答案:varied
3.She sticks to a diet (consist) mainly of vegetables.
答案:consisting
4.Guests can relax in the living room prior entering the meeting hall.
答案:to
5.The favourite dish of many Chinese was boiled dumplings (serve) with vinegar.
答案:served
6.Later,I had a chance (go) abroad for further study.
答案:to go
7.Stand at the top of the hill,and you (see) a better view of the whole town.
答案:will see
8.The weather today is (exceptional) warm.Would you like to go to the park now
答案:exceptionally
三、完成句子
1.重要的不是我们做了多少,而是我们在做的时候投入了多少爱。
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into that counts.
答案:what we do
2.她犯了错误。因此,我们已经遭受了严重损失。
She made mistakes. ,we’ve already suffered serious damage.
答案:As a result
3.又湿又冷,他非常想温暖一下自己。
,he wanted to warm himself very much.
答案:Wet and cold
4.你来这里之前做什么事
What did you do
答案:prior to coming here
5.这个游戏至少需要三个玩家才可以玩。
This game requires .
答案:a minimum of three players
四、完形填空
Food has always been one of the greatest wants of humankind.The search for food is the 1 human behaviour.Thus, 2 food were easier to get and prepare,it would be really helpful for humankind.It would reduce a great burden(负担).The development of processed foods has made food easier to get and prepare. 3 every coin has two sides.Apart from its advantages,the 4 of cooking also has its disadvantages.
Though processed foods seem like a great way to save 5 ,they offer much less nutritional value than traditional foods.People today are so busy that they are not able to spend enough time preparing their food.As a result,many people 6 to eat processed foods,ready-to-cook meals and various fast foods.But what will 7 if one eats such food all year round It will damage your health.The nutritional value of the food is not so high.Worse still,research shows that preservatives(防腐剂) used in these foods are 8 to children.That’s why health experts warn people not to eat too much of such 9 food.
Besides,since people spend little time preparing food,the culture of cooking is slowly 10 .Cooking is not done just to satisfy hunger.It is also a(n) 11 form of art.Across the world,there are thousands of 12 cooking styles.If young people are used to processed foods,few of them will develop great cooking 13 .And when they become parents,it will be hard for their children to enjoy a(n) 14 home-cooked meal.What’s more,cooking is a great time for families to connect.There is a lot of 15 when family members are preparing food together.
In a word,I believe though processed foods have made the preparation of food much easier,it has not been a good step for humankind.
1.A.special B.basic
C.right D.valuable
答案:B
解析:根据上一句中的“Food has always been one of the greatest wants of humankind.”可知,食物是人类的基本需求。故选B项。
2.A.though B.before
C.if D.unless
答案:C
解析:句意:因此,如果食物很容易得到,那它的确对人类有帮助。故选C项。
3.A.So B.And
C.But D.Or
答案:C
解析:上文中的“It would reduce a great burden.”与下文中的“...cooking also has its disadvantages.”是转折关系。故选C项。
4.A.easiness B.safety
C.method D.difficulty
答案:A
解析:根据上文中的food were easier to get可知,烹饪便捷也有缺点。easiness“便捷”;safety“安全”;method“方法”;difficulty“困难”。故选A项。
5.A.energy B.food
C.money D.time
答案:D
解析:由常识可知,食用加工食品省时间。故选D项。
6.A.choose B.dislike
C.refuse D.stop
答案:A
解析:根据上文中的“People today are so busy that they are not able to spend enough time preparing their food.”可知,现在的人忙得没时间做饭,所以他们选择加工食品。故选A项。
7.A.change B.happen
C.get D.offer
答案:B
解析:根据下文中的“...if one eats such food all year round ”可知,此处想表达常年吃加工食品会发生什么呢 故选B项。
8.A.harmful B.useless
C.meaningful D.necessary
答案:A
解析:此处想表达食品中的防腐剂对儿童是有害的。harmful“有害的”;useless“无用的”;meaningful“有意义的”;necessary“必需的”。故选A项。
9.A.cold B.sweet
C.unhealthy D.hot
答案:C
解析:根据文中的“That’s why health experts warn people not to eat...”可知,防腐剂对儿童是有害的,所以专家警告人们不要过多摄入这些不健康的食品。故选C项。
10.A.varying B.dying
C.appearing D.developing
答案:B
解析:根据文中的culture of cooking可知,人们花很少的时间准备食物,所以饮食文化会慢慢消失。故选B项。
11.A.important B.famous
C.simple D.new
答案:A
解析:根据上文中的“Cooking is not done just to satisfy hunger...”可知,饮食是一种重要的艺术形式。故选A项。
12.A.regular B.ordinary
C.different D.similar
答案:C
解析:根据文中的“Across the world,there are thousands of...”可知,全世界有很多不同的烹饪方式。故选C项。
13.A.knowledge B.lessons
C.interests D.skills
答案:D
解析:根据文中的“If young people are used to processed foods...”可知,如果年轻人都习惯吃加工食品,就很少有人会提高他们的烹饪技巧。故选D项。
14.A.delicious B.clean
C.expensive D.cheap
答案:A
解析:句意:当他们为人父母的时候就很难给孩子做一顿可口的饭菜。故选A项。
15.A.success B.work
C.progress D.fun
答案:D
解析:根据下文中的“...when family members are preparing food together.”可知,烹饪是一个很好的家庭交流的机会,而且很有趣。故选D项。
五、微写作
结合课文主题,使用本单元所学单词与句型写一篇80词左右的短文。
1.中国人的饮食主要由蔬菜、米饭、各种面食以及肉类组成,包括猪肉、牛肉和羊肉。(consist of;elegant;flour;pork;lamb)
2.中国的主要菜系大致分为八类,每一类都有其独特的配料和配方。(cuisine;category;ingredient;recipe)
3.北方人主要吃面粉制成的食物,南方人主要吃大米。(consume)
4.不管他们的家乡在哪里,大多数中国人都喜欢家乡的主要食物。(regardless of)
5.例如,山东省的人们喜欢水饺和葱花煎饼。(stuff;slice;onion)
参考范文
Chinese diet mainly consists of vegetables,rice,various kinds of elegant food made from flour,as well as meat,including pork,beef and lamb.Chinese main cuisine is roughly divided into eight categories,each having its unique ingredients and recipes.Northerners mainly live on food made from flour while southerners mainly consume rice.Regardless of where their hometowns are,most Chinese like the main food in their hometowns.For example,people of Shandong Province enjoy boiled dumplings and pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.Section Ⅲ Using Language,Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.—Do you have any oranges and apples
—Yes,m ,on the second shelf over there.
答案:madam
2.So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy,but it is far from i .
答案:ideal
3.The meat is so tough that I can’t c it.
答案:chew
4.To learn the magic t ,you can go to Club Med Circus School.
答案:trick
5.It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of o development.
答案:overall
6.A f change in the organisation of health services was required.
答案:fundamental
7.That is the reason why I recommend another c of books to my students.
答案:category
8.Around two o’clock every night,Sue will start talking in her dream,which s bothers us.
答案:somewhat
二、单句语法填空
1.Keep (health) by eating well and exercising regularly.
答案:healthy
2.The prisoners who escaped are violent and (danger).
答案:dangerous
3.You can keep fit by consuming different (category) of fresh fruit and vegetables.
答案:categories
4.The programme presented a (balance) view of the two sides of the conflict.
答案:balanced
5.I was overwhelmed by the sheer quantity information available.
答案:of
6.The dog was (chew) on a bone.
答案:chewing
7. (fundamental),there are two different approaches to the problem.
答案:Fundamentally
8.We have argued (consistent) for a change in the law.
答案:consistently
三、完成句子
1.我以为我可以说服他放弃他的愚蠢想法,但实际上我失败了。
I thought I could persuade him to give up his fool idea,but .
答案:as it is I failed
2.他说干就干了,没有考虑后果。
He went ahead and did it, the consequences.
答案:regardless of
3.这些是我的建议,但是由你决定选择哪条线路。
These are my suggestions but it is to decide which route to choose.
答案:up to you
4.在过去,大量废水未经净化就被倒入河流了。
waste water was poured into rivers without being cleaned in the past.
答案:A large quantity of
5.如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来,我将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance you will come.
答案:whether or not
四、完形填空
When my husband Ian died,ten days after being diagnosed with cancer,I was completely broken up.He was just 54.We’d planned to 1 together and live the years to the fullest.
At first,the 2 of spending the following years of my life without him left me feeling 3 .I was in deep shock having lost him.But as time passed,I began to 4 that life is so precious,and none of us can 5 what’s around the corner.
I realised I could sit at home and 6 Ian,or I could make the most of every moment of my life.Three months after he died,a friend mentioned a choir run by a 7 ,which was for anyone 8 by cancer.I’ve always loved to sing,so I agreed.That decision really has changed my 9 .
We rehearse(排练) once a week and perform 10 to raise money.We sing inspiring songs like You’ve Got a Friend which really impress all of us.
Spending time with the choir,I have not only made a whole new friendship circle,but I feel so 11 ,which has been fantastic for my 12 wellbeing.
I 13 money for the charity too,including travelling a long way to Machu Picchu,where I scattered(播撒) some of Ian’s ashes.I know Ian would 14 my decision to look after myself.
Living a good life,and finding ways to enjoy my retirement,is the best 15 I can offer him.
1.A.die B.retire
C.live D.sing
答案:B
解析:根据上文提到了作者丈夫去世时的年龄为54岁及文章最后一段中的retirement可知,此处指作者与丈夫曾计划过一起退休后的生活。故选B项。
2.A.feeling B.thought
C.sense D.hope
答案:B
解析:丈夫的去世让作者崩溃,由此可以推断,此处指作者对未来生活的担忧,thought意为“想法”更符合语境。故选B项。
3.A.lost B.tired
C.excited D.relaxed
答案:A
解析:根据常识可知,丈夫突然去世作者应是感到迷茫的。lost“迷茫的”;tired“疲劳的”;excited“兴奋的”;relaxed“放松的”。故选A项。
4.A.wonder B.understand
C.forget D.remember
答案:B
解析:根据设空后的life is so precious及下文中对作者参加活动的描述可知,随着时间的推移,作者明白了生命的珍贵。故选B项。
5.A.change B.doubt
C.predict D.leave
答案:C
解析:根据设空后的around the corner可知,此处指没有人能预测即将发生什么。change“改变”;doubt“怀疑”;predict“预测”;leave“离开”。故选C项。
6.A.mourn for B.wait for
C.look after D.talk with
答案:A
解析:作者意识到生命的珍贵,因此此处要作出选择,要么在家哀悼丈夫,要么积极面对生活。mourn for意为“悼念”,符合语境。故选A项。
7.A.charity B.company
C.club D.hospital
答案:A
解析:根据下文的to raise money和the charity可知,这是一个慈善机构。故选A项。
8.A.killed B.defeated
C.scared D.affected
答案:D
解析:作者的丈夫死于癌症,而作者参加这样的活动得以改变人生,由此可推断,这个机构的目的在于帮助像作者这样受癌症影响的人。故选D项。
9.A.mind B.life
C.dream D.goal
答案:B
解析:根据下文的描述可知,参加慈善演唱的决定改变了作者的生活,使作者从悲伤中走了出来。故选B项。
10.A.dances B.plays
C.services D.concerts
答案:D
解析:根据文中提到的关键信息rehearse和“We sing inspiring songs...”可知,此处应与歌唱和排练相呼应,指举行音乐会来筹钱。故选D项。
11.A.skillful B.cautious
C.secure D.positive
答案:D
解析:根据“Spending time with the choir,I have not only made a whole new friendship circle...”可知,作者建立了新的朋友圈,说明这些活动让作者走出阴霾,从而积极面对生活。故选D项。
12.A.mental B.physical
C.social D.economic
答案:A
解析:作者通过参加这些活动走出阴霾,说明作者拥有了良好的精神状态。mental“精神的”;physical“身体的”;social“社会的”;economic“经济的”。故选A项。
13.A.spend B.save
C.raise D.earn
答案:C
解析:作者除了与合唱团一起为慈善尽力,自己也通过个人活动来筹集善款。故选C项。
14.A.approve of B.care about
C.be opposed to D.be sorry about
答案:A
解析:作者走出悲伤,积极乐观地生活,相信丈夫会支持她好好生活。approve of意为“赞成”,符合语境。故选A项。
15.A.award B.experience
C.comfort D.help
答案:C
解析:文章最后是作者的感悟:好好生活便是对丈夫最好的慰藉。award“奖品;奖金”;experience“经历;经验”;comfort“慰藉”;help“帮助”。故选C项。
五、语篇填空
Eating at restaurants hasn’t always been known as the best choice for people 1. are trying to keep a healthy diet.It is 2. (extreme) hard for people to avoid food that isn’t so good for them when dining out.However,you don’t have to give 3. your love of restaurants.There are ways that you can eat healthier food when dining out while you can still enjoy the experience.
One method is to take time 4. (read) the nutrition information.Some restaurants post it on their menus or their website.If you know you’re going to visit 5. certain restaurant,you should check the website first.If no nutrition information 6. (list),you should check the menu at the restaurant before you order.
Another way is to think about not eating cream or butter sauces.Instead,consider 7. (choose) a sauce that could add a rich flavour to your food without extra calories.
All restaurants have water available.Whether it is free 8. you have to buy it,you should choose to drink water over other drinks like beer or soda,which contains a lot of calories.
Eating out doesn’t have to be an unhealthy 9. (decide) as long as you make wise choices.You could still enjoy all of the benefits of dining out and be 10. (please) with your choices later on.
答案:1.who/that 2.extremely 3.up 4.to read 5.a 6.is listed 7.choosing 8.or 9.decision 10.pleased
