UNIT 5 FIRST AID
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.After the fall,her ankle began to s and she could hardly walk a single step.
答案:swell
2.Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every o of the body.
答案:organ
3.The windows were shining in the reflected r of the setting sun.
答案:rays
4.I gave him some medicine to e the pain.
答案:ease
5.We looked down from the mountain to the valley u .
答案:underneath
二、单句语法填空
1.I tried my best to convince them of the importance and (urgent) of the operation.
答案:urgency
2.Only a (minor) of people object to this proposal.
答案:minority
3.Make sure that you shut off the gas and (electric) before you go out.
答案:electricity
4.Is (organ) food really healthier Is it worth the expense
答案:organic
5.It’s (ease) for you to tell me to keep calm,but you’re not in my position.
答案:easy
6.In order to prevent water from (pollute),we must do something to protect it.
答案:being polluted
7. is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.
答案:As
8.To be useful in a wide (vary) of applications,programmes must be able to store many different types of information.
答案:variety
9.The three layers of skin act as a barrier diseases,poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.
答案:against
10.It seemed fine at first,but then an hour or two after the match her knees were (swell) and then the pain came.
答案:swollen
三、阅读理解
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skilful medical treatment is available.First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse,temperature,a clear airway,and breathing.In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.First aid must be given as quickly as possible.In the case of seriously injured,a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and provider’s level of knowledge and skill.Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a person with a neck injury,for example,can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪).
Despite the variety of injuries possible,several basic rules of first aid apply to all emergencies.The first step is to call for professional medical help.The victim,if conscious(有意识的),should be reassured that medical aid has been requested,and ask for permission to provide any first aid.Next,assess the scene,asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness,any care that may have already been given,and preexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble.The victim should be checked for the medical card that describes special medical conditions.Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury,do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist.One method for assessing a victim’s condition is known by ABC,which stands for:
A Airway:is it open and clear
B Breathing:is the person breathing Look,listen,and feel for breathing.
C Circulation:is there a pulse Is the person bleeding extremely
Check skin colour and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
1.Before we give first aid to a victim,it is very important for us to .
A.make sure what to do and what not to do
B.refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid
C.remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing
D.take him/her to a hospital at once
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.”可知,知道在紧急情况下不应该做什么和知道该做什么一样重要。由此可知,在急救之前,确保该做什么,不该做什么事,非常重要。故选A项。
2.According to this article,first aid is usually provided by .
A.professional doctors
B.the victim’s family members
C.the victim’s friends
D.those who are not necessarily professional doctors
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skilful medical treatment is available.”可推断出,急救通常由那些不一定是专业医生的人提供。故选D项。
3.Which of the following is NOT true when you assess a victim’s condition
A.Checking whether there is a pulse.
B.Looking,listening and feeling for breathing.
C.Replacing his/her medical card.
D.Examining whether the airway is open and clear.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The victim should be checked for the medical card that describes special medical conditions.”可知,应检查受害者是否有描述特殊医疗条件的医疗卡。由此可知,更换受害者的医疗卡是不正确的。故选C项。
4.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers .
A.the importance of protecting the accident scene
B.some basic knowledge about first aid
C.what professional medical help is
D.who can give first aid
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。这篇文章主要介绍了急救的重要性以及急救的几个基本原则,所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者一些关于急救的基本知识。故选B项。
四、七选五阅读理解
In our daily life,we can’t predict when accidents will happen. 1 The things you put in your first-aid kit are important.As you can observe,first-aid kits are just small boxes. 2 First-aid kits are only for relieving(减轻)pain while waiting for a physician to arrive.The complete treatment will be provided by the expert.There are so many ways in which first-aid kits can be a great help.
In a sports event,it is very important to have first-aid kits beside you. 3 No matter how much you take care of yourself,no one can predict accidents.They can happen anytime.Only bring those medicines that are appropriate for the possible accidents that lies ahead.
First-aid kits are very important even in your house. 4 Put in it medicines for burns,small cuts and other important things to prepare for your family members.Sometimes children are being careless because it is in their nature. 5 You need to have painkillers in your first-aid kit.
A.The price of first-aid kits is low.
B.So first-aid kits are very necessary.
C.The security of your family should be your first concern.
D.It could help in times of an accident while doing physical sports.
E.It is because you don’t need to use all of your medicines or other unnecessary things during an accident.
F.If you’re staying at a hotel,you’ll probably just need a backpack of clothing,and of course first-aid kits,anything else you might need out there on the road.
G.Children play around the house not minding what they can destroy or even what could happen to them.
答案:1~5 BEDCG
五、微写作
结合课文主题,使用本单元所学单词与句型写一篇80词左右的短文。
1.一天早上,大卫在他的家庭办公室工作时,发现他的女儿捡起了什么东西,放在她嘴里。(be doing...when...)
2.然后,她开始动起来,好像是窒息了似的。(choke)
3.然而,她并没有哭,也没有发出声音。(however)
4.他迅速抓住她,把她的脸朝下放在他的腿上。(grab;face down;lap)
5.他小心地打开她的嘴,看看是否有障碍物。(obstruction)
6.没有发现什么,然后他狠狠地打了她几下。(slap)
7.啊,真灵!几秒钟内,一个小按钮被拍出,她又开始呼吸了。(force;breathe)
参考范文
One morning,David was working at his home office when he noticed that his daughter had picked something up and put it in her mouth.Then she began to move as if she was choking.However,she was not crying or making a sound.He quickly grabbed her and held her face down on his lap.
He carefully opened her mouth to see if there was obstruction.Not finding anything,he then gave her a few hard slaps on her back.It worked!Within seconds a small button was forced out,and she began to breathe again.Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课后·训练提升
一、单句语法填空
1.Those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay (start) a job.
答案:starting
2.I was walking along the street suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.
答案:when
3.If he (spend) more time practising speaking English before,he would be able to speak it much better now.
答案:had spent
4.You can’t imagine what difficulty we had (walk) home in the snowstorm.
答案:walking
5.Every day,people come into contact thousands of chemicals,which are harmful.
答案:with
6.The bird narrowly escaped (shoot) by the hunter.
答案:being shot
7.It is no use (regret) your past mistakes.
答案:regretting
8.My parents don’t allow us (watch) violent TV programmes.
答案:to watch
9. (talk) with your kid heart to heart is very important.
答案:Talking
10.With the temperature (rise),the leaves and grass begin to appear.
答案:rising
二、完成句子
1.我将帮着建立英语角,提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。
I will help set up the English corner, to practise our oral English.
答案:providing us students a platform
2.看到一辆车朝她驶来,我伸出手把她拉了回来。
,I reached my hand out and pulled her back.
答案:Seeing a car running towards her
3.我对此感到很遗憾,开始想着做些什么来帮助他们。
,I begin to think about what to do to help them.
答案:Feeling quite sorry for that
4.中国的形象正在稳步提升,越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。
China’s image is improving steadily,with in international affairs.
答案:more countries recognising its role
5.因为不理解这个问题,他问了老师。
,he asked the teacher about it.
答案:Not understanding this problem
三、完形填空
I took a job as a receptionist for a veterinarian(兽医) almost five decades ago.As an enthusiastic animal lover,I couldn’t bear to see any creature in pain.At the end of my first week,we are closing the office for the day 1 a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy in his arms and 2 us to save his life.
The doctor and I ran back into the 3 room.The vet worked 4 for what seemed like hours,stitching(缝合) him back together again.That was the easy 5 .The puppy had broken multiple 6 ,including his spine(脊柱).Even if he survived the next few days,we were quite sure he would never 7 again.
That day forever changed my life.The veterinarian guided me,and I became his assistant in all 8 things.One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical care.I remember 9 his tiny legs to try to keep his muscles from becoming 10 .Weeks later,to my relief,he could use his legs again.
Fast-forward about a year,I walked into the clinic’s waiting room and called the name of the next client.Suddenly,a huge Doberman who had been standing 11 with his owner on the opposite side of the room broke loose and 12 towards me.I found myself pinned 13 the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his legs,his front paws on my shoulders, 14 my face with joyful and abundant kisses!
I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and 15 the dog had for me that day all those years ago.
1.A.when B.because
C.if D.while
答案:A
解析:在我第一周上班快结束时,我们正要关门,一个年轻人抱着一只受伤严重的杜宾幼犬,跑来求我们救救它。be doing...when...正在做……突然……。故选A项。
2.A.leading B.sending
C.forcing D.begging
答案:D
解析:根据save his life可知,这位年轻人抱着受伤的小狗来兽医所,并恳求我们救治它。beg sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事。故选D项。
3.A.large B.operating
C.waiting D.empty
答案:B
解析:医生和我跑回手术室。根据“The vet worked for what seemed like hours,stitching him back together again.”可知,他们回到手术室给小狗做手术。故选B项。
4.A.peacefully B.tirelessly
C.crazily D.immediately
答案:B
解析:兽医不知疲倦地工作了好几个小时,才把它缝合好。根据“what seemed like hours”可知,几个小时的手术,说明他们不知疲倦地给小狗做手术。故选B项。
5.A.part B.factor
C.medicine D.accident
答案:A
解析:那是简单的部分。根据“The puppy had broken multiple ,including his spine.”可知,与断了骨头相比,缝合工作是相对简单的部分。故选A项。
6.A.positions B.teeth
C.bones D.legs
答案:C
解析:这只小狗折断了好几块骨头,包括脊柱。根据“including his spine”可知,小狗包括脊柱在内的几块骨头断了。故选C项。
7.A.move B.walk
C.bark D.eat
答案:B
解析:根据“Even if he survived the next few days,”可知,小狗受伤严重,即使能活下来,也不能走路。故选B项。
8.A.difficult B.medical
C.deadly D.meaningful
答案:B
解析:兽医指导我,我成了他所有医疗方面的助手。根据“One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical care.”可知,作者做了兽医医疗方面的助手。故选B项。
9.A.moving B.squeezing
C.feeling D.twisting
答案:A
解析:我记得我挪动着它的小腿,试图不让它的肌肉萎缩。 根据“Weeks later,to my relief,he could use his legs again.”可知,选A项。
10.A.fatter B.drier
C.harder D.weaker
答案:D
解析:我记得我挪动着它的小腿,试图不让它的肌肉萎缩。根据常识可知,选D项。
11.A.nervously B.painfully
C.quietly D.seriously
答案:C
解析:突然,一直和主人静静地站在房间对面的一只巨大的杜宾犬挣脱出来,向我冲来。故选C项。
12.A.rushed B.slipped
C.fought D.sat
答案:A
解析:根据“broke loose”可知,这只狗突然向我冲过来。故选A项。
13.A.into B.for
C.against D.by
答案:C
解析:我发现自己被按在墙上,这只健壮的狗双腿站立,前爪搭在我的肩膀上,欢快地舔吻着我的脸!作者被狗按在墙上。故选C项。
14.A.touching B.hitting
C.lightening D.washing
答案:D
解析:根据“with joyful and abundant kisses!”可知,这里指狗用舌头舔作者的脸。故选D项。
15.A.relief B.comfort
C.ease D.gratitude
答案:D
解析:多年前的那一天,当我看到这只狗对我表现出的爱和感激之情时,我仍然会惊讶地流下眼泪。根据“ my face with joyful and abundant kisses”可知,这只狗对作者除了表达爱意之外还表达了感激之情。故选D项。 Section Ⅲ Using Language,Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
课后·训练提升
一、单词拼写
1.It’s an interesting scientific phenomenon,but of no p use in our daily life.
答案:practical
2.It was so f that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.
答案:foggy
3.I must renew my m of the sailing club.
答案:membership
4.The match took nearly three hours and was i at times by rain.
答案:interrupted
5.My child holds onto my hand t while we cross the street.
答案:tightly
6.He was the head of a charity for the w of children all over the world.
答案:welfare
7.The cut on my arm b for a long time.
答案:bled
8.Most m labour in the past has been replaced by modern machines.
答案:manual
二、选词填空
get into a panic;sum up;out of shape;sleep in;be desperate for;help sb to one’s feet;grab at;face up;choke with;think up
1.The elderly man suddenly lost his sense of touch,which made him .
答案:get into a panic
2.Watching the soldiers drilling on TV,I was too emotion to speak.
答案:choked with
3.Have you got some water I a drink.
答案:am desperate for
4.After Jack slipped over in the relay race,his fellow student didn’t hesitate to .
答案:help him to his feet
5.He the boy,but could not prevent him from falling.
答案:grabbed at
6.“Place the card on the pile,”the photographer told his assistant.
答案:face up
7.In order to a suitable name for new products,they put an advertisement in the local paper.
答案:think up
8.In my opinion,the highlight of the novel is that it the major problems of human existence.
答案:sums up
9.After a week’s work,the operator gets a chance to at the weekend.
答案:sleep in
10.I’m astonished to find that I am .It’s time that I worked out regularly.
答案:out of shape
三、阅读理解
I will not go on about the causes of sunburn because you probably already know.If you get sunburned,you may be feeling a bit embarrassed about it.Once you have sunburn,the damage is done.So try the following ways to ease the discomfort.
Cool it down by taking a bath or shower.Keep the water and room temperature warm,especially for children,as they may easily feel cold.Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water.This may help reduce your pain.You could also place a wet and cool cloth on the burnt area for about 15 minutes.Do that several times a day.
Apply moisture(水分).You can choose some cream that makes your skin not that dry.Apply aloe,either the plant form or gel.Aloe contains active things that help reduce pain.Over the next few days,the skin may peel(脱皮).This is the body’s way of eliminating the dead skin,so keep using such cream to help make your skin comfortable.
Leave any blisters complete.This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected.You can cover blisters to protect them if needed and definitely do not wear clothing that will cause friction(摩擦) as this can “pop” the blisters.Damaging the blisters can,and probably will cause more pain with rubbing on soft skin and also cause infection.
Give pain relief if needed.The medicine aspirin is not recommended for children.
At this point,the person may not be comfortable,so do not make it worse by applying something that can prevent healing and increase or lock in the heat under the skin,therefore causing more burn damage.
See a doctor if:
▲it covers a large part of the body or is severe in nature.
▲there is a high fever,chills,rash,nausea,and severe pain.
▲feeling faint or dizzy,rapid pulse or quick breathing.
▲extreme thirst,little or no urine output or sunken eyes.
1.Why do some people use baking soda after getting sunburned
A.To help prevent disease.
B.To feel better in this way.
C.To avoid getting cold.
D.To reduce the burnt area.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some people like to add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the bath water.This may help reduce your pain.”可知,这样做是为了感觉舒服一些。
2.What does the underlined word “eliminating” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Protecting. B.Covering.
C.Improving. D.Removing.
答案:D
解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Over the next few days,the skin may peel.”以及“the dead skin”可知,这里是指“清除”死皮。
3.What does the author consider important after getting sunburned
A.Avoiding breaking blisters.
B.Going to see a doctor immediately.
C.Taking medicine to avoid infection.
D.Preventing the skin from developing blisters.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Leave any blisters complete.This helps speed healing and avoid infection as burst blisters can easily get infected.”可知,不让水泡破掉很重要。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Things to help treat sunburn.
B.The common causes of sunburn.
C.Ways to deal with sunburn.
D.Methods to deal with blisters properly.
答案:C
解析:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了晒伤后该怎么办,即应对晒伤的方法。
四、语篇填空
You may have heard of the Red Cross.It is an 1. (organise) that helps people who are in need no matter 2. bad the situation is!But if not for the passion of a young woman named Clara Barton,the American Red Cross may have never been formed!
One day when she was 11 years old,her elder brother was 3. (terrible) injured.He was ill for two years.Clara cared for him 4. whole time.Through this experience she found out that she came alive when she cared for others.Soon,Clara began taking care of 5. (injure) animals.Neighbours began bringing their pets to her.
When she was older,she became a nurse in the American Civil War and she helped save 6. (hundred) of soldiers.After the Civil War,Clara traveled to Europe to rest.But that did not last long.Soon she was caring for 7.(wound) people in battle once again!But this time,she learned about the Red Cross who worked alongside her on the battlefield.Their mission was to help those who needed it most.
She decided that the Red Cross 8. (need) in America.Over several years,she asked 4 different presidents 9. (bring) the Red Cross to America.They all said no.But then,thanks 10. her persistence(坚持),one of the presidents changed his mind!And the American Red Cross was born.
答案:1.organisation 2.how 3.terribly 4.the 5.injured 6.hundreds 7.wounded 8.was needed 9.to bring 10.to
