08中国元素-中考英语时文阅读（含答案解析）

2023年中考英语热点时文阅读
08中国元素
题型 主要内容
1 阅读理解 介绍了北京冬奥会闭幕式中出现的柳枝以及微博上的评论。
2 阅读理解 讲述了三星堆的发现。
3 阅读理解 介绍了茶叶的发展历程，茶叶起源于中国，后经丝绸之路传向欧洲等国家，现在普遍受到世界各地人们的喜欢。
4 语法填空 圆桌是家人团聚的标志，也是中国人情感的体现。
5 语法填空 介绍了中国功夫的历史起源，现在的发展形势，功夫的本质，以及相关的一些名人等。
01
Willow Branches(柳枝) at the Olympics Closing Ceremony Comments(评论) Chosen from Weibo
In ancient China, when relatives or friends said goodbye, people often broke willow branches down and gave them to those who would leave, and hoped they would come back. In Chinese, “willow” has the similar pronunciation to a Chinese word “留”, which means asking a person to stay. It’s not “goodbye” but “see you again soon”.At Beijing Winter Olympics Closing Ceremony, the whole world enjoyed an amazing performance. The performers perfectly acted with the LED floor to show the picture of willow branches. It showed the strong feelings of a sad but sweet goodbye. 365 people holding willow branches were in the center of the Bird’s Nest, showing the missing of 365 days. It fully showed the theme of “One World, One World”.
1．From the passage, the travelling people in ancient China would get _______ as a gift.
A．hugs B．willow branches C．flowers D．red lanterns
2．According to the comments, lots of people think the performance is _______.
A．common B．moving C．convenient D．lively
3．Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage
A．When the performers were trained.
B．Where the closing ceremony was held.
C．What the performance wanted to show us.
D．How Chinese showed their feelings at the closing ceremony.
02
New discoveries at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Sichuan Province drew the world’s attention. On March 20, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) announced that they had found more than 500 cultural relics (文物) in six new pits at the site, dating back about 3, 000 years.
So far, archaeologists have unearthed different important cultural relics from four of the pits, including pieces of gold masks, gold foil (箔), bronze masks, bronze trees and large numbers of ivories. In 1986, a large number of cultural relics were discovered in No. 1 and No. 2 pits.
The Sanxingdui Ruins, which were first discovered in 1929, are believed to be the remains of the ancient Shu Kingdom. The kingdom was a center of civilization (文明) along the upper reaches of Yangtze River.
The discovery of Sanxingdui raised an important question about the origins of Chinese civilization. The ancient Shu civilization that built Sanxingdui is believed to be one of the earliest examples of Chinese civilization. The site, along with the Liangzhu and Shijiahe sites along the Yangtze River, shows that the birthplace of Chinese civilization might not have been only along the Yellow River Basin in north China.
The newly-discovered cultural relics are similar to those found in 1986, as they also include bronze trees and bronze masks. They further support the idea that the pits were used for sacrificial purposes.
New kinds of cultural relics have also been dug up. For example, experts found two square zun (尊), a kind of ancient bronze jar that was used for holding water or wine. They also found cong (琮)-a jade item commonly found at the 5, 000-year-old Liangzhu Archaeological Ruins in Zhejiang Province.
“These artifacts show that the Sanxingdui Ruins site had a close connection with Central China, but it also marks an original ancient civilization in Sichuan with strong creativity,” said Chen Xiandan, a member of the project who also took part in the 1986 excavation (发掘).
4．What do we know about the cultural relics found at the Sanxingdui Ruins site recently
A．Most of the cultural relics were made of gold.
B．They were found in the same pit.
C．They were created about 3, 000 years ago.
D．They were used for celebration ceremonies.
5．In 1986, what cultural relics were discovered in No. 1 and No. 2 pits
A．Bronze trees and bronze masks.
B．Two square zun, a kind of ancient bronze jar.
C．Gold foil and cong-a jade artifact.
D．Gold masks and gold trees.
6．The new discovery of Sanxingdui shows that Chinese civilization ________.
A．started earlier than was believed before.
B．might have several different origins.
C．was centered along the Yangtze River.
D．developed from the ancient Shu civilization.
7．The underline word “connection” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A．relation B．similarity C．influence D．usage
8．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Ancient civilization in Sichuan. B．Ancient cultural relics at Sanxingdui.
C．New discoveries at Sanxingdui. D．Introduction to Sanxingdui Ruins site.
03
Tea has a long history of more than two thousand years. Its hometown is certainly China.
At first tea was considered as a kind of good thing that could make people awake so that they could study comfortably. Many knowledgeable people thought it was helpful for their study, because their minds could keep awake after drinking some tea. During Tang Dynasty, tea was sent to European countries first through the Silk Road. It was tea that made Chinese culture spread over in the Western countries. The first book about tea was The Classic of Tea by Lu Yu in Tang Dynasty. In the book, he described the tea culture.
However, the tea culture changed into a kind of new form. Many people could find something bad in it in Song Dynasty. Many people spent much time on it instead of thinking about the safety of their country. Between the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, many people paid more attention to tea. People thought of it as the symbol of the spirit.
Nowadays, tea has become the gentlest and the most comfortable drink in France. It has also become a helpful drink that is good for people’s skin and health in England. Lots of Chinese look on tea as one of the most popular presents that they give others during important festivals.
9．What did many knowledgeable people think of tea when it was invented at first
A．Useless. B．Difficult. C．Meaningless. D．Helpful.
10．When was tea sent to European countries for the first time
A．In Tang Dynasty. B．In Yuan Dynasty. C．In Song Dynasty. D．In Qing Dynasty.
11．Between the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, tea was regarded as ________.
A．a kind of drink B．the symbol of the spirit
C．a kind of culture D．a kind of gift
12．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “gentlest” in Chinese
A．最速溶的 B．最凉爽的 C．最刺激的 D．最温和的
13．Which of the following about tea is TRUE according to the passage
A．Lu Yu was born in Song Dynasty.
B．Teas was invented in England.
C．English regard tea as a kind of healthy drink.
D．French like to give tea to others as presents.
04
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional ___14_____ (festival) to have dinner.
When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend and my grandma cheerfully ___15_____ (add) another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much ___16_____ (close) to each other. When I was in my twenties, my grandpa passed away. That made ___17_____ (we) feel sad. However, when the whole family got together once again, we ___18_____ (total) agreed that his chair, his bowl and his chopsticks should remain the same. Even though his seat was empty, we ___19_____ (feel) as if he had never left us.
We all have a table like this in our homes. It is ___20_____ sign of reunion of our family, ___21_____ (show) our feelings. ___22_____ the reasons why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. Usually different cultures ____23_____ (accept) by us around the table. What’s more, we express the love not only for our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world.
05
根据短文内容，在文中空格处填入一个恰当的词，或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Chinese kung fu is also known as Chinese martial (军事的) arts. It is ____24_____ important part of traditional Chinese culture. And it is probably one of the ____25_____ (early) sports.
Chinese kung fu dates back to the primitive society (原始社会). At that time, people used sticks ____26_____ (fight) against wild animals. Gradually, they learnt skills to protect themselves. During the Shang Dynasty, kung fu began to ____27_____ (use) to train soldiers.
Over centuries of development, the term “kung fu” has now covered a number of fighting ____28_____ (style). The most famous ones are tai chi, Shaolin kung fu and qinggong.
___29_____ it is about fighting, kung fu advocates (倡导) peace instead of violence (暴力). This has been the common values shared ____30_____ martial artists from generation to generation.
Chinese kung fu has to do with exercise, self-defense (自我保护) and fitness. In recent years, it ___31_____ (become) more and more popular among people of all ages around the world.
The most famous kung fu star is ___32_____ (certain) Bruce Lee! He was the founder of Jeet Kune Do (截拳道) and made Chinese kung fu well known throughout the world. Lee’s kung fu skills have been kept alive by ____33_____ (act) like Jet Li and Jackie Chan.
参考答案
1．B 2．B 3．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会闭幕式中出现的柳枝以及微博上的评论。
1．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, when relatives or friends said goodbye, people often broke willow branches down and gave them to those who would leave, and hoped they would come back.”可知中国古代的旅人会得到柳枝作为礼物。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The story of the willow is moving”和“So moving”以及“Amazing and moving tradition”可知根据评论，很多人认为表演是感人的，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“At Beijing Winter Olympics Closing Ceremony, the whole world enjoyed an amazing performance. The performers perfectly acted with the LED floor to show the picture of willow branches. It showed the strong feelings of a sad but sweet goodbye. 365 people holding willow branches were in the center of the Bird’s Nest, showing the missing of 365 days. It fully showed the theme of ‘One World, One World’.”（在北京冬奥会闭幕式上，全世界观看了一场精彩的表演。表演者在LED地板上完美地表演，展示柳枝图片。它表达了悲伤但甜蜜的告别的强烈感情。鸟巢中央有365人手持柳枝，显示了365天的缺失。它充分体现了“同一个世界，同一个世界”的主题。）可知没有提到A选项“表演者什么时候接受训练的”，故选A。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了三星堆的发现。
4．细节理解题。根据“On March 20, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) announced that they had found more than 500 cultural relics (文物) in six new pits at the site, dating back about 3, 000years.”可知，文物可以追溯到大约3000年前。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“The newly-discovered cultural relics are similar to those found in 1986, as they also include bronze trees and bronze masks.”可知，此次出土的文物中还包括青铜树和青铜面具，与1986年出土的文物相似。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“The discovery of Sanxingdui raised an important question about the origins of Chinese civilization.”可知，三星堆的发现提出了一个关于中国文明起源的重要问题。故选B。
7．词句猜测题。根据“These artifacts show that the Sanxingdui Ruins site had a close connection with Central China”可知，三星堆遗址与华中地区有着密切的联系，因此“connection”意为“relation”。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了三星堆的发现。故选C。
9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C
【导语】本文介绍了茶叶的发展历程，茶叶起源于中国，后经丝绸之路传向欧洲等国家，现在普遍受到世界各地人们的喜欢。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many knowledgeable people thought it was helpful for their study, because their minds could keep awake after drinking some tea.”可知，许多知识渊博的人认为茶对他们的学习是有帮助的。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“During Tang Dynasty, tea was sent to European countries first through the Silk Road.”可知，在唐代，茶首次被送到欧洲国家。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“Between the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, many people paid more attention to tea. People thought of it as the symbol of the spirit.”可知，茶是精神的象征。故选B。
12．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Nowadays, tea has become the gentlest and the most comfortable drink in France.”可知，“the gentlest”与“the most comfortable”为并列关系；结合选项，“最温和的”符合语境。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It has also become a helpful drink that is good for people’s skin and health in England.”可知，英格兰人认为茶是一种健康的饮料；选项C的表述与此相符，其余选项的表述均与原文不相符。故选C。
14．festivals 15．added 16．closer 17．us 18．totally 19．felt
20．a 21．showing 22．Although/Though 23．are accepted
【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候，一家人总会在传统节日围坐在圆桌前一起吃团圆饭。爷爷去世后，家人仍保留了他的碗铁和座位，以此来怀念他。圆桌是家人团聚的标志，也是中国人情感的体现。
14．句意：当我还小的时候，我的家人会在不同的传统节日聚在一起吃晚餐。根据“different traditional”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填festivals。
15．句意：当我长大一点的时候，阿姨把她的男朋友带回来了，我奶奶高兴地在圆桌上又添了一个座位。根据“my aunt brought back her boyfriend”可知，此处使用动词过去式。故填added。
16．句意：看起来有点拥挤，但我们都觉得彼此更亲近了。根据“a little more crowded”可知，此处指更亲近了，使用形容词比较级，much可以修饰形容词比较级。故填closer。
17．句意：这让我们感到悲伤。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，此处使用人称代词宾格。故填us。
18．句意：然而，当全家人再次聚在一起时，我们完全同意他的椅子、碗和筷子应该保持不变。根据“agreed”可知，此处使用副词修饰实义动词。故填totally。
19．句意：尽管他的座位是空的，但我们觉得他好像从未离开过我们。根据“Even though his seat was empty”可知，此处使用动词过去式。故填felt。
20．句意：这是我们家人团聚的标志，表达了我们的感情。根据“It is…sign of reunion of our family”可知，此处指团聚的标志，表泛指，sign以辅音音素开头，使用冠词a。故填a。
21．句意：这是我们家人团聚的标志，表达了我们的感情。根据“It is…sign of reunion of our family, …(show) our feelings.”可知，此处使用现在分词作状语。故填showing。
22．句意：虽然我们聚在一起的原因可能不同，但这背后的情感是一样的。根据“ …the reasons why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same.”可知，此处使用Although/Though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。
23．句意：通常，不同的文化被我们所接受。根据“different cultures”可知，主语和动词accept之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，时态为一般现在时，主语为名词复数，使用be动词are。故填are accepted。
24．an 25．earliest 26．to fight 27．be used 28．styles 29．Though##Although 30．by 31．has become 32．certainly 33．actors
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国功夫的历史起源，现在的发展形势，功夫的本质，以及相关的一些名人等。
24．句意：它是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。空格处是修饰名词part，所以该空应填入不定冠词，important是读音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
25．句意：而且它可能是最早的运动之一。“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……的……之一”；early的最高级形式为earliest。故填earliest。
26．句意：当时，人们用棍子来对抗野生动物。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构，表示“使用某物做某事”，所以此处应使用动词不定式。fight为动词，表示“斗争，作战”。故填to fight。
27．句意：在商朝，功夫开始被用来训练士兵。begin to do sth.为固定短语，表示“开始做某事”；此处kung fu与use是被动关系，所以使用不定式的被动语态，use的过去分词为used，故填be used。
28．句意：经过几个世纪的发展，“功夫”一词现已涵盖了多种格斗形式。style为可数名词，表示“形式”，根据前面的a number of可知此处应使用名词的复数形式。故填styles。
29．句意：尽管这是关于战斗，但功夫倡导和平而不是暴力。根据“it is about fighting, kung fu advocates peace instead of violence”可知，此处两句之间是让步关系，应用although/though引导让步状语从句，故填Although/Though。
30．句意：这是一代又一代武术家都认同的普遍观点。根据“This has been the common values shared…martial artists”可知此处表示被动，所以使用介词by表示“被”。故填by。
31．句意：近年来，它越来越受到世界各地各个年龄段人群的欢迎。根据“In recent years”可知此处使用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语it是单数，become的过去分词为become，故填has become。
32．句意：最著名的功夫明星当然是李小龙了！该空修饰句中be动词，应使用副词形式，certain为形容词，其副词为certainly。故填certainly。
33．句意：李连杰和成龙等演员让李小龙的功夫得以延续。根据空格后“Jet Li and Jackie Chan.”可知这里应为名词actor，表示“演员”，此处是泛指，所以使用复数形式。故填actors。