2024年人教版中考英语一轮复习语法 冠词讲义（无答案）

2024年中考英语一轮复习语法精讲精练——冠词
中考考试说明
1. (★★★★☆)不定冠词(理解，掌握，分析，运用)
2. (★★★★☆)定冠词(理解，掌握，分析，运用)
3. (★★★★☆)零冠词(理解，掌握，分析，运用)
学校考试说明
考查题型：单项选择
单项选择考点 不定冠词的用法 定冠词的用法 零冠词的用法 定冠词和不定冠词的辨别 零冠词的不定搭配
(郑州市各校真题改编)
一、单项选择
( ) 1. —Honey, do you like ________
—Yes, most of my clothes are ________.
A. an orange; an orange B. orange; orange
C. oranges; oranges D. orange; an orange
( ) 2. I am lost and can’t find my ________.
A. ticket B. way C. wallet D. door
( ) 3. My father’s brother is my ________.
A. brother B. father C. uncle D. cousin
( ) 4. —What’s your favorite ________
—Football.
A. sport B. subject C. food D. music
( ) 5. Even though Jane’s new haircut was ugly, Tom told a ________ lie by saying it was a good change.
A. green B. black C. white D. blue
( ) 6. Cindy is my cousin. Her mother is my ________.
A. sister B. aunt C. grandmother D. daughter
( ) 7. The jacket is ________. I like that color.
A. next B. fine C. English D. red
( ) 8. My new English teacher is Anna Smith, so we can call her ________.
A. Ms. Smith B. Miss Anna C. Ms. Anna D. Aunt Smith
二、根据所给提示完成下列句子
1. Mike and Tom are twin b________.
2. Mary is Lucy’s mother, so Lucy is Mary’s d________.
3. My telephone ________ (号码) is 15838235500. You can call me.
4. Her ________ (父母) are teachers.
5. This is our school ________ (图书馆). We often read books there.
6. ________ (English) is a division of the United Kingdom.
7. —I really like your bike. Is it expensive
—I don’t know how much it is. It is my ________ (uncle).
8. Are these boys your ________ (friend)
知识精讲
冠词种类 含义及用法 例句
不定冠词 放在单数可数名词的前面，表示泛指某一类人或事物中的“一个” My father is a driver. 我爸爸是个司机。
定冠词 表示同类事物中特指的某个或某些，一般是说话人双方都知道的人或物，可替代this, that, these, those修饰名词，它的最大特点是特指。 Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。
零冠词 名词前不使用的冠词的情况 Autumn is the season of harvest. 秋天是收获的季节。
精讲一：不定冠词
a用于辅音音素开头的单词前， an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
______ book ______ apple
______ UFO ______ umbrella
______ one-eyed man ______ old watch
______ house ______ honest boy
______ “f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x”
用在第一次提到的某人或某物之前或者对方不知道的人或物之前。
①There is ________ tree in front of my house.
②________ little boy went into the bookstore.
用于单数可数名词前，表泛指，说明事物的类别，它有 “一”的意思，但侧重说明“种类”，而不强调数量。
________ horse runs faster than ________ sheep.
泛指某种人或某物。
________ student should pay attention in class.
用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，表示 “每一”，相当于every。
We play basketball two times ________ week.
用在序数词前，表示 “又一；再一”。
He failed twice. He wanted to have ________ third try.
The fried noodles are really good. Can we order ________ second one
常见的含有不定冠词的固定表达
have a cold 感冒，受凉 have a talk 谈一谈
in a hurry 立即，匆忙 have a rest 休息
for a while 暂时 take a bus 乘公交车
keep a diary 写日记，记日记 pay a visit to 拜访
do sb. a favor 给某人帮忙 have a good time 玩得愉快
give sb. a call 给某人打电话 have a look 看一看
give sb. a ride 让某人搭车，送某人一程 have a fever 发烧
have a try 试一试 have a walk 散步
in a word 总而言之 all of a sudden 突然
once in a while 时常；有时 once upon a time 从前
精讲二：定冠词
特指某(些)人或某(些)物。
①Show me ________ photo of your family.
②________ book on the desk is mine.
用于上文提及的或谈话双方都知道的人或物。
①First, cut up a tomato. Then, put ________ tomato on the bread.
②—How much are ________ red socks
—They’re eight dollars.
用于指世界上独一无二的事物。
________ sun 太阳 ________ moon 月亮
用于普通名词构成的专有名词前。
________ Children’s Palace ________ Three Gorges
________ Summer Palace ________ Science Museum
用在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等表地理名称的专有名词前。
________ Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.
用于西洋乐器名称前。
play ________ piano/violin/guitar
用于姓氏的复数形式前表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。
________ Browns 布朗一家/夫妇
用于序数词或形容词的最高级前。
①In ________ first photo, I’m playing basketball at school.
②What’s ________ best radio station
the+形容词，表示有该特质的所有的人。
__________ are not always happier than __________.
常见的含有定冠词的固定表达
in the end 最后，终于
at the age of 在……岁的时候
by the way 顺便说一下，顺便问一下
on the other side of 在……的另一面，在……的另一边
all the time 始终，一直
at the moment 此刻，当时
in the middle 在中间，在中部
at the same time 同时，然而
at the end of… 在……尽头，在……结束时
即时训练
1. —Who is ________ girl behind the tree
—Which one The one with ________ umbrella
2. Tianjin is ________ beautiful city in ________ north of China.
3. Jason likes ________ shape of the cake. It is ________ heart.
4. I have ________ pet cat. It is so cute.
5. David is ________ eight-year-old boy with short black hair.
6. —Would you please turn off ________ TV
—OK, just a moment.
7. Edward and William are brothers. There is ________ uncommon similarity between ________ two boys.
8. Mary wants to be ________ good doctor when she grows up.
9. Jim has ________ useful book. ________ book is very interesting.
10. —Kate, are you ________ only child in your family
—Yes, but ________ new baby is on the way.
精讲三：零冠词
球类、棋类前不加冠词。
play football, play chess, play bridge
物质名词或抽象名词前不加冠词。
①Milk is good for our health.
②Honesty is the best policy.
称呼语、头衔或职位前不加冠词。
①What’s wrong, Granny
②Who is captain of your team
街道、广场、车站、机场、国家等专有名词前不加冠词。
Nanjing Road, Tian’anmen Square, Zhengzhou Station, Pudong Airport, America
假日、星期、月份、四季前不加冠词。
April 1st is Fool’s Day.
注意：中国传统节日前要加________
________ Spring Festival ________ Dragon Boat Festival
名词前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格、 any、some、many或much 作定语时，其前不加冠词。
①Your theory is interesting.
②This film is starred by Tom Cruise.
三餐、学科前不加冠词。
①They went to school without breakfast.
②I don’t like math.
by+交通工具就不加冠词。
by bus, by plane
常见的含有不定冠词的固定表达
by train 乘火车 at first 起先、首先，最初
day and night 夜以继日 at last 最后，终于
in trouble 处于困难中 at noon/night 在中午/在夜里
on time 准时，按时 in time 及时
face to face 面对面 at work 在工作，在上班
in bed 在床上，卧床 at school 在学校、在上课
on show 展出 on holiday 度假
on duty 值班，上班 on business 因公、因事出差
精讲四：易错点
1. 在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同
零冠词 意义 定冠词 意义
go to school 去上学 go to the school 去学校，不一定是上学
go to bed 上床睡觉(强调动作) go to the bed 向床边走去
in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院里
at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌边
in class 上课 in the class 在这个班级里
go to church 去教堂做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂，不一定做礼拜
in bed 睡觉 in the bed 在床上
next year 明年 the next year 第二年
on earth 到底，究竟 on the earth 在地球表面
2. 冠词的重复与省略
①the teacher and the writer 老师和作家(__________)
②the teacher and writer 老师作家(__________)
③both the teacher and the writer 老师和作家(__________)
即时训练
1. David plays ________ football but he doesn’t play ________ piano.
2. —Do you know ________woman in red
—Yes, she is a professor of ________ Anshun College.
3. —Did you have ________ good time yesterday
—Yeah, I really had ________ fun at the party!
4. We played for ________ hour in the park. It was ________ great fun!
5. There’s ________ 800-metre-long road behind ________ hospital.
6. —How do you go to ________ work
—I usually take ________ bus.
7. We usually go to ________ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to ________ cinema at weekends.
后测
一、单项选择
( ) 1. This is ________ red ruler. ________ ruler is Grace’s.
A. a; The B. an; The C. the; An D. a; A
( ) 2. There is ________ apple tree in our school.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
( ) 3. —Does your mother go to work by ________ car every day
—No, she sometimes takes ________ bus. (
A. a; the B. the; a C. /; a D. a; /
( ) 4. —________ orange is on the table. What color is it
—Oh, it’s ________ orange.
A. A; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a
( ) 5. There is ________“f” and ________ “d” in the world “friend”.
A. a; an B. an; an C. a; a D. an; a
( ) 6. —Is this ________ your eraser
—Yes, it is.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 7. There is ________ “s” and ________ “u” in the word “busy”.
A. an; a B. a; an C. a; a D. an; an
( ) 8. This is ________ pen. It is ________ English pen.
A. an; a B. a; an C. a; a D. an; an
( ) 9. —May I have a look at the MP4, sir
—Which one ________ black one
A. A B. An C. The D. /
( ) 10. She has two cats now. _______ black and white one is called Ruby and ________ brown one is Joseph.
A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a
二、用合适的冠词填空
1. ________ Changjiang River is ________ longest river in ________ China.
2. ________ Turners are living at the end of ________ Turner Street.
3. There’s ________ 800-meter-long road behind ________ hospital.
4. There is ________ “M” and ________ “Y” in the word “my”.
5. I’m going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade.