(共15张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
美 文 导 入
素养解读： 我们生活的地球有三分之二的面积被水覆盖。因此很久以前，人类就开始认识海洋、探索海洋。为了寻找海洋航线，我们的祖先不畏艰辛，克服种种困难，为人类征服海洋做出了巨大的贡献。历史上，郑和七下西洋，远及非洲沿岸各国。了解这些历史，有助于培养同学们的文化意识，了解古代中国的强盛，增强同学们的民族自豪感，提升我们的民族自信心。此外，阅读有关海洋探索类的文章，还有助于同学们认识海洋，并且培养同学们自觉热爱海洋、保护海洋、热爱祖国的思想意识。
主题： 营救鲸鱼
学科素养：人与自然
难度系数：★★★
【语篇导读】在澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚岛，大约270头领航鲸搁浅。这是近年来最大的搁浅事件。本文主要介绍了鲸的现状及人们为拯救鲸所作的努力。
270 Pilot Whales Stranded in Tasmania
Around 270 pilot whales(领航鲸) were stranded① after swimming into shallow② water off the island of Tasmania in Australia.This is the largest whale-stranding event in years.People are working hard to save the whales，but at least 90 have died.
Every year，around 2,000 large sea animals，such as dolphins and whales，die by swimming onto a beach or into water that’s too shallow for them to escape.
This is known as “stranding” or “beaching”．Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly stranded whales.
The current stranding is the largest in Tasmania since 1935.The whales were discovered on Monday in three different groups－two groups of about 30 and one group of over 200．
Rescue workers are trying to “refloat” the whales so they can swim away.The job is especially challenging because the whales are so large.Pilot whales can grow up to 23 feet (about seven metres) long and can weigh up to 5,000 pounds (about 2,300 kilograms).【1】To refloat the whales，they are moved onto a sling③，which allows the rescuers to drag the whales to deeper water. 【2】Many of the whales stranded in Tasmania are in areas that are hard to reach，so it’s hard to get to them with a sling.
About 40 workers are handling④ the work，along with roughly 20 experienced volunteers.So far，around 25 animals have been rescued.Since the rescued whales are likely to return to the place where others are in trouble，workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don’t get stranded again.
Still，about 90 whales have died so far.Rescue efforts are likely to continue for the next few days.Scientists don’t fully understand why beachings happen，but they have some ideas.
It’s possible that the animals lose their way when they are swimming quickly and focusing on something else，like chasing fish or trying to escape⑤ while being chased⑥.
Whales and dolphins travel together in groups.They work together closely，and the group members generally follow the leader.When the leader gets beached，it can lead to other animals getting stranded as well.It’s known that a single animal may beach itself if it’s sick or injured.It’s possible that when groups of whales get stranded，they may be following，or trying to protect an animal that’s unwell.
○课标词汇
①strand /str nd/ vt.使搁浅；使陷于困境
②shallow /' l / adj.浅的；肤浅的
③sling /sl / n．吊索
④handle /'h ndl/ vt.处理；对付
⑤escape / 'ske p/ v．逃避；避开；避免
⑥chase /t e s/ vt.追逐；追捕
【1】To refloat the whales，they are moved onto a sling，which allows the rescuers to drag the whales to deeper water.
分析：本句中的“To refloat the whales”是动词不定式作目的状语。“they are moved onto a sling”是句子的主句部分。后面的which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的名词sling。
译文：为了让鲸鱼重新浮起来，它们被转移到一个吊索上，这样救援人员就可以把鲸鱼拖到更深的水里。
○句型精析
【2】 Many of the whales stranded in Tasmania are in areas that are hard to reach，so it’s hard to get to them with a sling.
分析：本句是由并列连词so连接的两个并列句。在前面的分句中，“stranded in Tasmania”是动词的-ed形式短语，在句中作定语，修饰前面的复数名词whales。而“that are hard to reach”则是定语从句，修饰前面的复数名词areas。
译文：很多鲸鱼在塔斯马尼亚岛搁浅，这个地方很难靠近，所以很难用吊索把它们吊起来。
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
阅读有关海洋探索的记叙文、说明文，了解世界航海史，增强人类保护海洋的意识。
阅读有关海洋探索的说明文，并从中学习有关海洋及海洋生物的词汇、短语和句型的表达。
能够就海洋话题，特别是海洋垃圾发表自己的观点看法。
听懂有关海洋、海洋生物及海洋保护方面的听力材料。
写作一篇有关海洋探索的议论文。
学习动词不定式的用法。
【素养提升】
阅读有关人类探索海洋的历史，了解海洋探索的历史及现状。
了解中国人民在古代历史上战胜困难，探索海洋的历史，增强民族自豪感，培养民族文化自信的意识。
通过课文的学习，了解海洋的现状，培养保护海洋及海洋生物的环境保护意识。(共20张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
单元要点回顾
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇
1．________vt.看；看见
2．________n．(调味)香料
3．____________n．潜水器；可潜船
4．________n．正式记录；日志；原木 vt.把……载入正式记录；记录
behold
spice
submersible
log
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇
1．________n．故事；叙述
2．__________n．商人；批发商
3．________vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
4．________n．舰队；机群；车队
5．________n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
6．________adj.皇家的；高贵的
7．__________vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离
tale
merchant
extend
fleet
league
royal
withdraw
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇
8．__________n．航道；海峡；频道
9．____________adj.海的；海运的；海事的
10．________n．纽带vi. & vt.使牢固结合
11．____________n．锦标赛；联赛
12．________n．笔记本电脑
13．________vi.& vt.鼓掌；vt.称赞；赞赏
14．________vt.使纳税 n．税款
channel
maritime
bond
tournament
laptop
applaud
tax
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇
15．________adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
16．___________adv.在水下 adj.水下的
17．________n．珊瑚
18．_________n．名录；电话号码簿
19．___________adv.与此同时
20．________vt.开发；利用；剥削
21．________n．加仑
manned
underwater
coral
directory
meanwhile
exploit
gallon
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇
22．________vt.谋杀；凶杀 n．谋杀；凶杀
23．________n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
24．__________n．反对者；对手；竞争者
25．________adj.海的；海产的；海生的
26．________vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止 n．逮捕；拘留；中止
murder
mercy
opponent
marine
arrest
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇
1．__________v．商定；谈判→____________n．商定；谈判
2．________n．政治；政治观点→________adj.政治的→__________n．政治家
3．__________n．职业；行业→____________adj.职业的→____________n．职业运动员；专业人士
negotiate
negotiation
politics
political
politician
profession
professional
professional
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇
4．________vt.混合→________n．混合；结合体；混合物
5．________v.迁移→__________n.迁移；迁徙；移居
6．________vt.拥有；控制→___________n.拥有；控制；个人财产
7．________vt.采访；覆盖→_________n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
mix
mixture
migrate
migration
possess
possession
cover
coverage
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语
1．寻找；搜寻 ________________
2．起航 ________________
3．在某人的命令之下 ______________________
4．在航行中 ________________
5．作为回报 ________________
6．撤回；退出 ________________
7．在手头；可供使用 ________________
search for
set sail
under the command of sb.
on voyage
in return
withdraw from
in hand
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语
8．观点 ________________
9．对……有影响 ________________
10．出生于 ________________
11．涉及；与……有关 ________________
12．达成协议 _________________
13．参加 ________________
14．奉献给…… ________________
point of view
have an effect on...
be born into
be related to
reach an agreement
participate in
be devoted to...
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语
15．成长；长大 ________________
16．动身；出发 ________________
17．记者招待会 ________________
18．实现；成为现实 ________________
19．在近处；靠近 ________________
20．跳出水面 __________________
21．区分；区别 ________________
grow up
set off
press conference
come true
at close range
leap out of the water
tell apart
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语
22．无情地 ________________
23．采取行动 ________________
24．支持某人的观点 __________________
25．是……的家园 ________________
26．对……负责 __________________
27．盯着看；调查 ________________
28．突然 ________________
without mercy
take action
support one’s points
be home to...
be responsible for...
look into
all of a sudden
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语
29．发生；举行 ________________
30．各种各样的 ________________
31．想出；制订出 ________________
32．领先 ________________
33．大范围的；许多各种不同的 ________________
take place
a variety of
come up with
take the lead
a wide range of
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式
1．_______ _______ ________ across the sea remains a strong desire today.今天，跨越海洋的愿望依然强烈。
2．The aim of this initiative is ______ __________ cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。
To
reach
out
to
encourage
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式
3．Hundreds of years on，and ________ the latest technology ________ ________，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，对贸易的需求和加强中国同世界各国的联系的需要，在遥远的未来将推动中国跨越海洋。
with
in
hand
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式
4．Henry Norman Bethune __________ his life and profession _______ ________ people without expecting anything in return.
亨利·诺曼·白求恩把他的一生和事业都奉献给了帮助人们这件事上，不求任何回报。
5．________ his own money，Zac bought a boat and set off.扎克用自己的钱买了一艘船就出发了。
devoted
to
helping
Using
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式
6．There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice，________ ________ oil and gas ________ ________ valuable minerals.
海洋和冰层下可能蕴藏着丰富的资源，不仅有石油和天然气，而且有珍贵的矿产资源。
7．Hopefully，_______ technology improves，we may have more options for managing this balance.
希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来实现这种平衡。
not
just
but
also
as
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式
8．Actually，people in ancient times _______ _______ seals and human beings were the same.
事实上，在古代人们的确认为海豹和人类是一样的。
9．They hurried to the water，________ ________ ________ a baby seal there.
他们急忙跑到水边，却发现那里有一只小海豹。
did
believe
only
to
find
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法
动词不定式(The Infinitive)
1．Do you have any clothes _____________(wash)？I’m free this morning.
2．The boy student is thought _____________(set) a good example to all his classmates.
3．As the famous saying goes，it is never too late __________(learn).
to be washed
to have set
to learn
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法
4．The guy claimed _______________________(attack) by the police，which caused a shock in the public.
5．Miss Li is not here，so she is considered _______ _________(study) in the library.
to have been attacked
to be
studying(共20张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
单元词汇预通关
Ⅰ.中英互译
1．vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商__________
2．adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的__________
3．vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离__________
4．n.混合；结合体；混合物__________
【答案】1．negotiate 2．royal 3．withdraw
4．mixture
5．mercy ______________
6．possession ______________
【答案】5．n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
6．n. [usually pl.] 个人财产；拥有；控制
Ⅱ.选择合适的词，并用其正确形式填空
动词
extend；applaud；arrest；tax；murder；log
1．She has been charged with the attempted ________ of her husband.
2．The garden ________ as far as to the foot of the hill.
3．The audience warmly ________ when the performance came to the end.
【答案】1．murder 2．extends 3．applauded
4．They ________ everyone and everything that comes in and out of here.
5．Tobacco and alcoholic drinks are ________ heavily in their country.
6．The police ________ the suspect a block away from the scene of the crime.
【答案】4．log 5．taxed 6．arrested
名词
tale；league；channel；bond；politics
1．Water runs along the ________ to the fields.
2．He’s one of my favourite players in the ________.
3．I don’t want to get involved in office ________．
【答案】1．channel 2．league 3．politics
4．Immigrant ________ have always been popular themes in fiction.
5．A ________ of friendship had been formed between them.
【答案】4．tales 5．bond
Ⅲ.一词多义匹配练习
merchant
A．n.商人 B．n.批发商 C．adj.海上货运的
1．This is a merchant ship of 5,000 tons.________
2．The merchants of Arab are doing their things all of the world.________
3．He is a wholesale merchant. ________
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B
negotiate
A．vt.商定 B．vt.达成(协议) C．vi.谈判；磋商；协商
4．He negotiated a new contract with the sellers.________
5．We’ve decided to negotiate a loan with them. ________
6．Are the employers really willing to negotiate？________
【答案】4．B 5．A 6．C
Ⅳ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．There’s little ________ (cover) of foreign news in the newspaper.
2．I suspected that he was dismissed for ________ (politics) reasons.
3．They welcomed us right ________(royal).
【答案】1．coverage 2．political 3．royally
4．The _______ (mercy) king saved the young officers from death.
5．Many ________ (profession) boxers end their careers with brain damage.
6．He first entered Britain on a six-month visa，and was given a further ________ (extend) of six months.
7．The ________ (negotiate) broke down because one side refused to play the game.
【答案】4．merciful 5．professional 6．extension 7．negotiation
8．The ________ (possess) of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
9．There has been a ________ (migrate) of people from the country to the towns.
10．The police are searching for the ________ (murder) everywhere.
【答案】8．possession 9．migration 10．murderer
Ⅴ.选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空
set sail；in a league of one’s own；withdraw from；huge amounts of；under the command of；in hand；negotiate with；without mercy；be home to；press conference
1．So first，it’s true that cigarettes are ____________ when it comes to ruining your health.
因此，首先，在有害健康方面，抽烟的危害是无可比拟的。
【答案】1．in a league of their own
2．Sylvia, camera ____________，asked，“Where do we go first？”
西尔维娅手里拿着相机，问道：“我们先去哪里？”
3．The ship will __________________ for New York at once.
轮船马上就要开往纽约了。
4．A back injury forced her to _________________ the game.
背部受伤迫使她退出比赛。
【答案】2．in hand 3．set sail 4．withdraw from
5．The trade union ____________ the employers to get a better contract now.
工会正在与雇主们谈判，以获得一份较好的合同。
6．The President will be giving a ______________________ this afternoon.
总统今天下午将举行一个记者招待会。
【答案】5．is negotiating with 6．press conference
7．The army is ______________ General Lee.
这支军队由李将军指挥。
8．They killed the injured animals ____________．
他们毫不留情地杀死了受伤的动物。
【答案】7．under the command of 8．without mercy
9．Modern computers can organise ______ data very quickly.
现代计算机可以非常迅速地组织大量的数据。
10．The South American country ____________ the world’s most successful and admired national team.
这个南美国家是世界上最成功和最受尊敬的国家队的故乡。
【答案】9．huge amounts of 10．is home to
Ⅵ.请从下面方框中选用本单元的重点词汇并以其适当形式补全短文
league；coverage；mercy；arrest；in hand；profession；politics；log；tale；mixture；applaud；bond；laptop；extend；capsule；royal；set sail；withdraw from；channel
Throughout our history，we have many1.______ of marvels，among which I’d like to share the story of the great navigator Zheng He，from the 2.________ court.
【答案】1．tales 2．royal
There are altogether seven maritime affairs.In 1406，he along with his teammates including officers，soldiers and doctors 3.________ from Suzhou，a south coastal city in our country in search of new 4.______. The 5.______ of their voyage reached over 30 countries. During the navigation，they suffered a lot from the natural disasters. They continued sailing south with great determination at the 6.________ of typhoons.
【答案】3．set sail 4．channels 5．coverage 6．mercy
At last，they got in touch with many countries，and built a number of 7.________ in economy，culture，as well as 8.________ with them，which was later 9.______ in the history in memory of their great achievements.All of us should 10._______ Zheng He’s strong will and great achievements.
【答案】7．bonds 8．politics 9．logged 10．applaud(共68张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Period Four Assessing Your Progress—Video Time
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．个人财产；拥有；控制
B．谋杀；凶杀；毁坏
C．反对者；对手；竞争者
D．海豹；印章；封上(信封)
E．逮捕；拘留；中止；阻止
1．The three accused，aged between 19 and 20，are charged with attempted murder. ( )
2．Make sure you’ve signed the cheque before sealing the envelope. ( )
3．All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. ( )
4．Police arrested five young men in connection with one of the attacks. ( )
5．He easily defeated his opponent in the election. ( )
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Mike__________________designing the entire project.
迈克负责设计全部工程。
2．The woman tried her best to _____________________.
那位妇女尽力保护她的孩子们的安全。
【答案】1．is responsible for
2．keep her children safe
3．Are you receiving an error message when you try to ______？
你是不是在登录的时候收到了一条出错的信息？
4．She turned up the driveway，_________ her way blocked.
她开上车道，不料发现路已被堵。
5．Things are not moving _________________________.
事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。
【答案】3．log in 4．only to find
5．as fast as we hoped/expected
课堂新知讲练
1．log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录
n．正式记录；日志；原木
(P34)After finishing his workout，he updated his fitness log.
【翻译】在完成他的锻炼后，他更新了自己的健身日志。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)log作及物动词时，还可以表示“采伐(森林的)树木；伐木”。
(2)log out注销；退出系统
log in/on登录；注册；进入(计算机系统)
【用法详解】
This house is made of logs.
这座房子是原木搭成的。
The police log all phone calls.
警方对所有电话都做记录。
You need a password to log on.
登录需要密码。
The pilot has logged 1,000 hours in the air.
这位飞行员有1 000 小时的飞行记录。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The captain ________________________ during the whole course of his voyage last year.
去年，船长在他的整个航行中都记了日志。
(2)There are piles and _____________________ on the square.
在这个广场上堆放着一堆堆的原木。
【答案】(1)kept a log (2)piles of logs
(3)I don’t know why I can’t ____________________．
我不知道是什么原因我登录不了。
(4)When you ______________ and log back in，a password is no longer required.
当您退出系统，然后重新登录时，不再需要使用密码。
【答案】(3)log on/in (4)log out
2．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者
(P34)In the final match，his opponent will be stronger and more experienced.
【翻译】在最后一场比赛中，他的对手会更强，更有经验。
(1)opponent 还可用作形容词，意为“对立的；敌对的”。
opponent and foe 冤家对头
(2)opponent on the left/right 上家/下家
strong opponent克星；强劲的敌人或对手
take on an opponent与对手较量
political opponent 政敌
【用法详解】
We must watch out for the opponent forces.
我们必须提防敌对势力。
Our opponent team did obviously worse in the final match.
我们的对手在最后一场比赛中表现得显然更差。
The worst thing you can do is underestimate an opponent.
最糟的事情就是低估对手。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)________________ called her a liar to her face.
她的对手当着她的面叫她骗子。
(2)This is a good chance to strike back your ______________.
这正是回击你的政敌的好机会。
【答案】(1)Her opponent (2) political opponent
(3)We knew that the other basketball team was __________，but we intended to beat them.
我们知道另一支篮球队是我们的劲敌，但我们下定决心要打败他们。
(4)He considers all the suggestions as ___________________.
他把所有的建议都看成是敌对的观点。
【答案】(3)a strong opponent (4)opponent ideas
3．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止
vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
(P34)A $5 million reward has been announced for information leading to the arrest of those responsible for the murder.
【翻译】已宣布悬赏500万美元以获取逮捕谋杀案主犯的情报。
(1)cardiac arrest心搏停止；心搏骤停；心脏停搏
cardiopulmonary arrest心跳呼吸骤停
house arrest软禁
(2)arrest one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
arrest sb.吸引某人
【用法详解】
How’d you determine cardiac arrest
你是怎么判断心跳停止的？
Nothing can arrest his studying English.
什么也不能阻止他学习英语。
The students’ arrest disturbed their friends.
学生们的被捕使他们的朋友非常不安。
The beauty of style of the book arrested the reader.
这本书优美的笔调吸引了这位读者。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Policemen have authority _______ those who break the law.
警察有权逮捕犯法者。
(2)The former military ruler of Lesotho has been placed under ________________．
莱索托前军事统治者已被软禁了。
【答案】(1)to arrest (2)house arrest
(3)__________________ caused great panic among the rioters.
他的被捕在暴徒中引起了极大的恐慌。
(4)This cartoon film __________________________ a lot.
这个卡通片吸引了这个孩子。
(5)His accent _________________________________.
他的口音吸引了我们的注意。
【答案】(3)His arrest (4)arrested the child
(5)arrested our attention
4．look into调查；观察；窥视；浏览；看
(P34)When you look into its eyes，you may feel closely connected to it.
【翻译】当你看着它的眼睛时，你可能会觉得和它紧密相连。
look back on/upon回顾；回忆
look after照料；关心
look down on/upon轻视；看不起
look for寻找；招来
look forward to (doing) sth.盼望/期待(做)某事(to为介词)
look on旁观
【用法详解】
look out小心；留神
look over把……看一遍；检查
look through浏览；核查
look up向上看；好转；查字典；拜访
look up to尊重；尊敬
Look into the box.What do you see
朝箱子里面看，你看到了些什么？
When I look into his eyes，it seems all the problems in the world go away.
当我看向他的眼睛，似乎世界上一切问题都消失不见了。
[针对练习]
用look相关的短语填空
(1)When Father was ________ the evening newspaper，he let out a cry of surprise.
(2)I’m ___________ my mobile phone，but I can’t find it anywhere.
(3)These children are still too young to ________ themselves.
【答案】(1)looking through (2)looking for (3)look after
(4)Whenever you come across any new words in your study，you can ________ the word in the dictionary.
(5)You ought to ________ while you are crossing the street.
完成句子
(6)I __________________ the policeman who helped me out.
我尊敬那位帮助我摆脱困境的警察。
【答案】(4)look up (5)look out (6)look up to
(7)Would you like more time to __________________ the contract
您是否需要更多的时间来看一下这份合同？
(8)As I __________________ my childhood，I realise how much I have grown.
当我回顾自己的童年时，我意识到我成长了多少。
【答案】(7)look over (8)look back upon
(9)It’s not right to __________________ people just because they have less money than you.
仅仅因为别人比你钱少就看不起人是不对的。
【答案】(9)look down upon
1．(P34)Actually，people in ancient times did believe seals and human beings were the same.
【翻译】事实上，在古代人们的确认为海豹和人类是一样的。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“did believe”用来表示强调，意为“的确/确实认为/相信”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；
(3)在使用do进行强调时，应注意人称、数和时态的变化。
(4)do/did/does的后面要接动词原形。
(5)只能用来强调谓语动词。如果要强调主语、宾语、表语或状语等，则应用“It is/was...that...”进行强调。
He did go home yesterday.
他昨天确实回家了。
Jack said he would come and he did come.
杰克说他要来，他果真来了。
[针对练习]
翻译句子
(1)莉莉的钢琴的确弹得很好。
_________________________________________________
(2)昨天她的确对它一无所知。
_________________________________________________
【答案】(1)Lily does play the piano well.
(2)She did know nothing about it yesterday.
2．(P34)They hurried to the water，only to find a baby seal there.
【翻译】他们急忙跑到水边，却发现那里有一只小海豹。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“only to find a baby seal there”是一个“only＋不定式”结构，在句中作状语，表示一种意外的结果，在句中作结果状语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)动词不定式(短语)作结果状语多表示出乎意料的或不好的结果，含有“没想到，结果却，不料”之意，其前常加only表示强调。
(2)这个不定式所表示的动作是句子的主语发出的。
(3)动词的-ing形式(短语)也可在句中作结果状语，但它所表示的动作则不一定是句子的主语发出的。动词的-ing形式作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。
He hurried to the house only to find it was empty.
他匆忙赶到那所房子，却发现空无一人。
His parents died in the terrible accident，leaving him an orphan.
他的父母在可怕的事故中丧生，使他成为孤儿。
A few men were quarrelling noisily at midnight，waking almost everyone in the building.
几个人在半夜大声吵架，几乎把大楼里所有的人都吵醒了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The boy rushed home happily，only ________(find) the door locked.
(2)The honey goes through its stomach，only ________(get) a little thicker.
(3)She hurried to the cinema，only ________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
【答案】(1)to find (2)getting (3)to be told
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The boy rushed home happily，only ________(find) the door locked.
(2)The honey goes through its stomach，only ________(get) a little thicker.
(3)She hurried to the cinema，only ________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
【答案】(1)to find (2)getting (3)to be told
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．As an adult，you should be responsible ________ what you do and what you say.
2．Every day we have so much homework ________(do) and never have much time for sports.
3．Mr Wang is ________(close) connected with his friends and colleagues.
【答案】1．for 2．to do 3．closely
4．In ancient times people ________(do) believe that the earth was flat.
5．______ is known to all，light is spread in direct line.
6．The rain kept pouring down for a whole week，________ (leave) the whole city in floods.
7．The girl hurried back to her office，only ________(tell) that she had been fired.
【答案】4．did 5．As 6．leaving 7．to be told
8．The contributors are，for the most part(在极大程度上)，__________(profession) scientists.
9．That country is promising to complete that __________ (withdraw) by Friday.
10．I’d always played a defensive game，waiting for my __________(oppose) to make a mistake.
【答案】8．professional 9．withdrawal 10．opponent
Ⅱ.短语填空
be responsible for，look into，be connected to，set sail，withdraw from，in hand，press conference，come up with，be based on，take the lead
1．How many ships __________ with his second expedition
2．China now ________________ in many fields in scientific and technological world.
【答案】1．set sail 2．takes the lead
3．I made the choice to __________________ college to care for her.
4．This story ____________ a small village and its people in the 1960s in China.
5．The two brothers are said to ___________ the fire accident which took place last week.
【答案】3．withdraw from 4．is based on
5．be connected to
6．Have you ____________ a new plan for the new year
7．The police will soon ___________ the accident which took place yesterday.
8．A major auto company is holding a ___________________ next week.
【答案】6．come up with 7．look into
8．press conference
9．He glances over at Tom，with a beer ____________，and then glances away quickly as if disgusted.
10．You should ____________ what you have done just now.
【答案】9．in hand 10．be responsible for
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．______________________ in China in the last thirty years.
在过去的三十年里，我们国家发生了许多巨大的变化。
2．The job encompasses _____________________________ responsibilities.
这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。
【答案】1．Many great changes have taken place
2．a wide range of
3．She hurried to school，___________ there was no school.
她急急忙忙地赶到学校，却发现不用上学。
4．She ________________________________ last year.
去年她的确取得了很大的进步。
5．Just at that time，he ___________________ a good idea.
就在那时，他想到了一个好办法。
【答案】3．only to find 4．did make great progress
5．came up with
写作高效提升
写一篇海洋探索类的议论文
动笔前，你的大体构思：___________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
◎单元写作目标
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．The sea has been a very mysterious part for us human beings.
2．We human beings are still curious about the sea and ocean though we have got to know many parts of them.
3．With the rapid development of society，there is a growing need for us humans to further study and research into the ocean.
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
1．With the rapid growth of population on the earth，there is a growing demand for energy and resources.
2．As human population is rapidly increasing，there is a growing demand for energy and resources.As a result，sea exploration is getting more and more urgent for us so as to discover more resources to meet our increasing demand.
3．Besides，we have to make further research into the sea so that we can better protect the sea and marine animals.
4．Since humans set their foot into the sea，sea pollution has becoming more and more serious.Obviously，it is vital for us humans to reconsider our so-called sea exploration so as to keep the sea and ocean under good protection.
【回味无穷的结尾句】
1．To sum up，I think it is vital for us to make good study and exploration into the sea.
2．In short，we should stop interfering with the sea to avoid possible damage to the natural environment.
【写作任务】
随着人口的不断增加，人类对于能源与资源的渴求更加突出。请你用英语写一篇120词左右的议论文，谈一谈海洋探索与开发的重要性和紧迫性。
◎写作范例
【写作指导】
主题 海洋探索 体裁 议论文
人称 第一人称 时态 一般现在时
布局 第一段：开门见山，呈现论点 第二段：呈现论据，支持论点 第三段：概括总结，点题响应 【遣词造句】
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．起航________________
2．延伸________________
3．开发；利用________________
4．受自然的支配________________
5．海洋动物________________
【答案】1．set sail 2．extend 3．exploit
4．at the mercy of nature 5．marine animals
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1．完成句子
(1)我们人类仍然对海洋感到好奇。
We human beings are still __________________ the sea.
(2)我们已经对他们(海洋)的许多地方有了一些了解，也有许多可以使用的海洋资源。
We have got to know many parts of them and have many of the ________________________________．
【答案】(1)curious about (2)marine resources in hand
(3)随着人口的快速增长，人们对能源的需求也在不断增长。
________________________of human population，there is a growing demand for natural resources.
(4)为了开发更多的海洋资源来满足我们日益增长的需求，海洋勘探对我们来说越来越紧迫。
Sea exploration is getting more and more urgent for us so that we can _______________________ to meet our increasing demand.
【答案】(3)With the rapid increase
(4)exploit more marine resources
(5)我们必须把研究范围扩大到海洋。
We have to ________________________ into the sea.
(6)我们要避免受大自然的摆布，要更好地保护海洋和海洋动物。
We should avoid being ______________________________ nature and better protect the sea and marine animals.
【答案】(5)extend our research
(6)at the mercy of
(7)只有通过探索海洋，我们才能充分利用海洋的能源和资源。
We can ___________________ of the energy and resources in the sea only by exploring the sea.
【答案】(7)make good use
2．句式升级
(8)将句(1)和句(2)句合并成一个含有让步状语从句的复合句
_________________________________________________
【答案】(8)We human beings are still curious about the sea though we have got to know many parts of them and have many of the marine resources in hand.
(9)将句(3)改为一个含有伴随状语的复合句
_________________________________________________
(10)用动词不定式将句(4)改为一个简单句
_________________________________________________
【答案】(9)As human population is rapidly increasing，there is a growing demand for natural resources.
(10)Sea exploration is getting more and more urgent for us so as to exploit more marine resources to meet our increasing demand.
(11)用动词不定式合并句(5)及句(6)
_________________________________________________
(12)将句(7)改为倒装句
_________________________________________________
【答案】(11)We have to extend our research into the sea to avoid being at the mercy of nature and to better protect the sea and marine animals.
(12)Only by exploring the sea can we make good use of the energy and resources in the sea.
【连句成篇】
_________________________________________________
One possible version：
We human beings are still curious about the sea though we have got to know many parts of them and have many of the marine resources in hand.With the rapid development of society，there is a growing need for us humans to further study and research into the sea.
As human population is rapidly increasing，there is a growing demand for natural resources.As a result，sea exploration is getting more and more urgent for us so as to exploit more marine resources to meet our increasing demand.Besides，we have to extend our research into the sea to avoid being at the mercy of nature and to better protect the sea and marine animals.Last but not the least，only by exploring the sea can we make good use of the energy and resources in the sea.
人类对于海洋的探索和研究已经进行了很久了。假如你不赞成继续进行海洋的探索和研究，请你用英语写一篇120词左右的议论文，发表你的看法。
_________________________________________________
One possible version：
Humans have been exploring the sea since they set foot on the earth.As time goes on，it is time that we stopped our sea exploration.
◎写作练笔
First and foremost，sea exploration means exploiting the sea，and it has resulted in serious pollution to the sea，killing lots of fish and other marine living creatures. What’s worse，the coastlines may go back if people over-exploit the sea.
To sum up，it is high time that we stopped sea exploration and took immediate measures to protect the sea.(共70张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Period Three Using Language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
B．商定；达成(协议)；谈判；磋商；协商
C．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
D．把……载入正式记录；记录；正式记录；日志；原木
E．海的；海产的；海生的
1．I set the log on the ground and shaved off the bark. ( )
2．This option lets you search your current directory for files by date，contents，and document summary. ( )
3．The doctor will see you again next week.Meanwhile，you must rest as much as possible. ( )
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A
4．Seals and whales are marine animals. ( )
5．We are ready for discussions with any legal parties，but we’ll never negotiate with criminals. ( )
【答案】4．E 5．B
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．migrate v．迁徙；移居；迁移 →____________n．迁移；移居；迁徙
(参考：create→creation)
2．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀→_________ n．谋杀犯；杀人凶手
(参考：teach→teacher)
【答案】1．migration 2．murderer
3．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕→____________ adj.宽大的；仁慈的→____________ adj.无情的；残忍的
4．possess v．有；拥有→ ____________ n．拥有；控制；个人财产
(参考：impress→impression)
【答案】3．merciful；merciless 4．possession
Ⅲ.预备写作素材
1．Recently our class _______________(进行了一次关于海洋探索的讨论).
2．Opinions ____________________(在这个话题上有分歧).
3．However，every coin___________________(有两面性).
【答案】1．had a discussion about sea exploration
2．were divided on the topic 3．has two sides
4．Some students support the opinion.Other students________ ____________________(反对这个观点).
5.73% of the students __________________(支持这一观点).
6．However，___________________________(27%的学生) were against the idea.
【答案】4．oppose the opinion 5．supported the view
6．27% of the students
7．I think the second view is __________________________ (完全错误的).
8．As far as I’m concerned/Personally，I’m ______________ (赞成第二种观点).
【答案】7．completely wrong
8．in favour of the second view
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.阅读课文，判断信息正误
Text 1
( )1．Lots of oil is spilled into the sea from underground at sea bottom.
( )2．Oil can be found in our tap water because of pollution.
【答案】1－2 FF
( )3．Mining in the Arctic may result in global warming.
( )4．Some countries are still hunting whales for their meat.
( )5．The sea is home to animals as well as human beings.
【答案】3－5 FFTTT
Text 2
( )1．Scientific research ships can help protect endangered whales.
( )2．It is necessary to do more research into global warming.
( )3．Learning more about the sea will help us protect resources.
【答案】1－3 FFT
( )4．With the growing population，we call for new resources for future development.
( )5．The author is in favour of sea exploration.
【答案】4－5 TT
Ⅱ.阅读课文，选择正确选项
( )1．The author of Text 1 believes that sea exploration results in ________．
A．various problems to the earth
B．people’s better understanding of the sea
C．more natural energies for humans
D．good living conditions for humans
【答案】A
( )2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 of Text 1
A．The earth is getting much hotter than before.
B．What we did has damaged wildlife in the sea.
C．Global warming has caused bad effects to the Arctic.
D．Humans have killed too much wildlife.
【答案】C
( )3．What is the author’s attitude towards sea exploration in Text 1
A．Supportive. B．Opposed.
C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic.
【答案】B
( )4．The author of Text 2 holds the view that _______．
A．people are concerned too much about sea exploration
B．humans must have a good understanding of the earth
C．sea exploration can help get rid of food shortage for us
D．it is essential for us to carry out sea exploration
【答案】D
( )5．In Text 2，the author believes that with the growing of population，________.
A．new resources are in great need for our future development
B．more oil will be exploited from underground in the future
C．more options will be applied to keep the balance of nature
D．we will be able to predict earthquakes more precisely
【答案】A
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The first author thinks that sea exploration means 1.________ (exploit) the sea.He holds the belief 2．________ more exploration on the sea has resulted in water and plastic pollution on the sea，3．________(kill) birds and fish in the sea.
【答案】1．exploiting 2．that 3．killing
Mining on the sea，especially in the Arctic regions，will melt the ice in that area，4．________ will make temperatures on the earth grow higher.Overfishing is 5．________ serious problem we face today.Many countries are still hunting whales and dolphins for their meat，though it 6．________(ban) in 1982．
【答案】4．which 5．a 6．was banned
However，the second author thinks 7．________ is important for us humans to carry out sea exploration because we have to get to know 8．________ is happening to our earth so as to take proper measures.Besides，we can better manage the resources in the sea 9．________ we learn better about the sea.In the end，we human beings need more new resources for future 10．________(develop). All those make it necessary for us to make further exploration into the sea.
【答案】7．it 8．what 9．if 10．development
课堂新知讲练
1．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
(P30)Meanwhile，we also noted their location，so we can track their movements and plot their migration path.
【翻译】同时，我们还记录了它们的位置，这样我们就可以跟踪它们的运动，绘制它们的迁徙路线。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)meanwhile通常放在句首，并且有逗号同后面的句子分开。
(2)meanwhile不能作连词用，所以不能引导时间状语从句。
(3)meanwhile也可用作插入语，放在句子中间。这时，其前后都要用逗号与句子分开
【用法详解】
Meanwhile，my debts were mounting up.
同时，我的债务在不断增加。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Brush the eggplant with oil，add salt and pepper，and bake till soft.________，heat the remaining oil in a heavy pan.
给茄子刷好油，加盐和胡椒粉，烤到软。同时，加热厚底锅中剩余的油。
(2)You，________，will be skulking in the safety of the car.
与此同时，你会安全地藏在汽车里。
【答案】(1)Meanwhile (2)meanwhile
2．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
(P32)When people talk of exploring the sea more，they usually mean exploiting it.
【翻译】当人们谈到探索海洋时，他们通常指的是开发它。
(1)exploit作及物动词时，还可表示“剥削；榨取；运用；利用；发挥；开发；开采；开拓”。
(2)exploitation n．开发，开采；利用；广告推销；剥削
(3)exploitative adj.剥削的；利用的；开发资源的
【用法详解】
He is accused of exploiting child labour.
他被指控剥削童工。
We are trying to exploit the oil under the sea.
我们正努力在海底开采石油。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)And humans tend to ________________________．
而且，人类倾向于挖掘自己的能力。
(2)Many countries __________________ under the sea.
许多国家在海底开采石油。
【答案】(1)exploit their power (2)exploit oil
(3)We need to fully ____________________________．
我们要充分利用我们的资源。
(4)I even began to ____________________ in subtle ways.
我甚至开始巧妙地利用他。
(5)You must _________________________ to learn English.
你必须利用一切空闲时间来学习英语。
【答案】(3)exploit our resources (4)exploit him
(5)exploit all your spare time
3．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀
(P32)Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
【翻译】虽然这在1982年就被禁止了，但是一些国家仍然毫无怜悯地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
(1)murder的复数形式为murders。其作名词时，murder也可用来表示“困难的事，讨厌的事”。
mass murder大屠杀；大规模的谋杀；集体屠杀
attempted murder谋杀未遂
blue murder可怕的谋杀；恐怖的喊声
【用法详解】
murder mystery谋杀之谜
bloody murder血腥谋杀
(2)murderer n．凶手；谋杀犯
(3)murderous adj.蓄意谋杀的；凶残的；暴怒的；严酷的；剧烈的
He was charged with murder.
他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
What is the punishment for murder
谋杀应处以什么刑罚？
The rebels were responsible for the mass murder of 400 civilians.
叛乱者对屠杀400名平民负有责任。
“I know what you were just about to do！” she interrupted with a murderous stare.
“我知道你只是想干什么！”她杀气腾腾地瞪着他，打断了他的话。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The baby screamed ________________ when I put him in the bath.
我刚把这个婴儿放到澡盆里，他就大哭起来。
【答案】(1)blue murder
(2)Police say they’re treating it as a case of _____________．
警方说他们正将其作为谋杀未遂案件来处理。
(3)More than a century has passed，but __________________ is still unresolved for many.
一个多世纪过去了，但是，在许多方面，这个谋杀之谜仍未解开。
【答案】(2)attempted murder (3)the murder mystery
4．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
(P32)Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
【翻译】虽然这在1982年就被禁止了，但是一些国家仍然毫无怜悯地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
at the mercy of... 任……处置；对……无能为力；任由……摆布
have mercy on/upon sb./sth. 宽恕/怜悯某人/某物
show mercy to sb.宽恕/怜悯某人
beg for mercy乞求/请求宽恕
with mercy仁慈地
without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地
【用法详解】
Farmers hunted us without mercy.
农民对我们残忍地捕猎。
We had no choice and had to be at the mercy of the sea.
我们别无选择，只好任由大海的摆布。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)They ___________________________ these wild animals.
他们对野生动物没有丝毫仁慈。
(2)It really was ______________________ that he’d gone so rapidly at the end.
这真幸运，他最后走得那么快。
【答案】(1)showed/show no mercy to (2)a mercy
(3)They were treated _________________________________.
他们受到仁慈的待遇。
(4)Ordinary people are ___________________________ life.
普通人任由生活摆布。
【答案】(3)with mercy (4)at the mercy of
5．possession n．个人财产；拥有；控制
(P32)The sea is home to life，not human beings’ possessions.
【翻译】海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的财产。
(1)be in possession of(＝own) 拥有；占有
be in the possession of(＝belong to)
(某物)为(某人)所有/控制
【用法详解】
take/have possession of... 占有……
for possession of... 因为拥有……
(2)possess vt.拥有；持有(东西，资产)；具有(性情、特质)
be possessed of具有；拥有(某种品质、能力等)
The car had been his proudest possession.
这辆汽车是他最引以为豪的财产。
An old lady is now in possession of my old house.
我的那所旧房子已归一位老太太所有。
They put in claims for possession of the estate.
他们提出对那块土地所有权的要求。
She was possessed of exceptional powers of concentration.
她有高超的专注能力。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)He announced that there would be more stringent controls on the ________(possess) of weapons.
(2)He was taken away by the police ________ possession of cocaine.
【答案】(1)possession (2)for
(3)Students ________ possession of good time-management skills are more likely to perform well in universities.
(4)This company is ________ the possession of Mr Li.
(5)I’m afraid he isn’t possessed ________ sense of humour.
【答案】(3)in (4)in (5)of
1．(P32)There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice，not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
【翻译】海洋和冰层下蕴藏着丰富的资源，不仅有石油和天然气，而且有珍贵的矿产资源。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“not just”相当于“not only”。它同后面的“but also”一起构成“not only...but also”，表示“不仅……而且……”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列的成分。
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”；
其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，将句子的助动词提前，放在主语的前面。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的单复数形式通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
Not only you but also he has to leave.
不只是你，他也得离开。
Not only should we raise money for them but also we should help them rebuild their home.
我们不仅应该为他们筹集资金，而且我们应该帮助他们重建家园。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Lily not only does well in her lessons，________ also plays the violin well.
(2)Not only ________ Mary help me take care of my child，but also does shopping for me.
(3)Not only you but also Mike ________(be) to blame for your mistakes.
【答案】(1)but (2)does (3)is
2．(P32)Hopefully，as technology improves，we may have more options for managing this balance.
【翻译】希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来实现这种平衡。
【句式剖析】
本句中的as是一个连词，表示伴随的情况，引导状语从句。
【归纳拓展】
as用作连词，引导状语从句，应注意把握如下用法：
(1)as在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同”。
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”。
(3)引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”。
(4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。
You must do everything as I do.
你必须照着我做的来做每一件事。
They sang songs as they were doing farm work.
他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
As he is ill，he doesn’t feel like eating.
因为他病了，所以不想吃东西。
As time went by，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。
【温馨提示】
with也可以表示“随着”，但with是介词，后接名词或代词，构成with短语或with复合结构。(具体内容请参考本书P67)
With the development of science and technology，our life is getting better and better.
随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The children sang and danced ________ they walked all the way home.
(2)________ months and weeks went by，the little girl turned into a beautiful girl.
(3)Child ________ he is，he can recite more than one hundred famous poems.
【答案】(1)as (2)As (3)as
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．DNS refers to the Domain Name System，which is a __________(direct) that connects names to numerical(数字的) Internet addresses.
2．Large quantities of oil was spilled into the sea from the tank，________(kill) lots of fish and birds in the sea.
3．Wildlife is now under careful protection，________ helps it to restore at great speed.
【答案】1．directory 2．killing 3．which
4．This __________(murder) lunatic(杀人狂) could kill them both without a second thought.
5．This mountain is home ________ all kinds of wild animals and birds.
6．Their ________(migrate) to the South begin in October every year.
【答案】4．murderous 5．to 6．migration
7．___________(hope)，more green trees will return to this mountain in the near future.
8．Mike has not only bought gifts for his parents，________ also for his close friend.
9．He described the picture as his most cherished __________ (possess).
10．The woman is rich，but she shows no mercy ________ other people.
【答案】7．Hopefully 8．but 9．possession 10．to
Ⅱ.短语填空
at close range，leap out of，tell apart，take pictures of，with mercy，take action，support one’s points，keep balance，hunt for，be home to
1．That man is too cruel to treat other people _____________.
2．As we know，Sichuan，China ______________ pandas，a very precious animal.
【答案】1．with mercy 2．is home to
3．Now it is illegal to ____________ wild animals in most parts of China.
4．Lily told her friend to ________________ her in front of the ancient tower.
5．We ought to take immediate action to ____________ of nature.
【答案】3．hunt for 4．take pictures of
5．keep balance
6．The twin brothers look very much alike，so few people can ____________ the twins.
7．You’ll have to find strong evidence to ____________ while you are in the court.
8．Hearing the alarm，Li Lei ______________ his bed and hurried to school without breakfast.
【答案】6．tell apart 7．support your points
8．leaped out of
9．Now，in this park，you can get into the car and watch the wild animals ____________．
10．We are supposed to __________________ to protect our environment.
【答案】9．at close range 10．take action
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．____________________________________ agriculture，more and more rivers have been polluted.
随着农业的发展，越来越多的河流受到了污染。
2．_____________________________，our city has become more and more beautiful.
随着时间的推移，我们的城市变得越来越美丽了。
【答案】1．With the development of 2．As time goes on
3．They did find something，and Wilson was arrested ______________________________ methamphetamine.
店员们后来确实找到些东西，而威尔森也就因为私藏兴奋剂而被捕。
4．Li Ming ________________ does well in his lessons，________________ plays the piano well.
李明不仅学习搞得好，而且钢琴也弹得好。
【答案】3．for possession of 4．not only；but also
5．The earth ________________________ all the creatures.
地球是所有生物的家园。
【答案】5．is home to(共87张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Period Two Learning About Language
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．锦标赛；联赛
B．混合；结合体；混合物
C．鼓掌；称赞；赞赏
D．对……征税；使纳税；税；税款
E．胶囊；太空舱
1．After the speaker finished his speech，we all rose to applaud. ( )
2．A Russian space capsule is currently orbiting the earth. ( )
3．The increased tax burden could force many small companies to close. ( )
【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D
4．No professionals may participate in the amateur tennis tournament. ( )
5．The mixture described below will approximate(接近) it，but is not exactly the same. ( )
【答案】4．A 5．B
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．politics n．政治；政治观点→________ adj.政治的；政治上的→__________ n．政治家；政客
(参考：physics→physical→physician)
2．profession n．职业→__________ adj.职业的；专业的
(参考：region→regional)
【答案】1．political；politician 2．professional
3．mix v．混合；掺入→__________ n．混合；混合物
(参考：depart→departure)
4．cover v．覆盖；涉及；报道；采访→__________ n．新闻报道；覆盖范围
(参考：post→postage)
5．tourney vi.参加比赛→__________ n．锦标赛；联赛
(参考：move→movement)
【答案】3．mixture 4．coverage 5．tournament
Ⅲ.预备语法(动词不定式)
指出黑体部分在句中作什么句子成分
1．To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. ( )
2．It’s very important to master a foreign language. ( )
【答案】1．主语 2．It作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语
3．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. ( )
4．Trading has grown greatly in recent years，and will continue to do so in years to come. ( )
5．Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. ( )
【答案】3．表语 4．宾语 5．宾语补足语
6．Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. ( )
7．Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other places left to explore. ( )
【答案】6．状语 7．定语
课堂新知讲练
1．profession n．职业；行业
(P28)Henry Norman Bethune devoted his life and profession to helping people without expecting anything in return.
【翻译】亨利·诺曼·白求恩把他的一生和事业都奉献给了帮助人们这件事上，不求任何回报。
◇词汇拓讲
by profession 在职业上；就职业来说
professional adj.职业的；专业的
professionally adv.专业地；职业地
【用法详解】
He is a doctor by profession.
他的职业是医生。
You need a complete change，both professionally and in personality.
你需要在专业和性格两方面有彻底的改变。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She is a lawyer ________ profession.
(2)As a ________(profession) singer，she has a nice voice.
【答案】(1)by (2)professional
(3)After the injury，he never played ________(profession) again.
(4)Acting is definitely a young person’s _________________ (professional) in many ways.
【答案】(3)professionally (4)profession
2．set off动身，出发
(P28)Using his own money，Zac bought a boat and set off.
【翻译】扎克用自己的钱买了一艘船就出发了。
set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引发
set up建立；成立；竖立起来；创(纪录)
【用法详解】
set about doing sth.着手做某事；开始做某事
set sth. aside把某物放在一边
set down放下；写下
set out启程；动身
set out to do sth.开始做某事；着手做某事
Who set off the fire alarm
谁拉响了火警报警器？
They set up an organisation to help each other.
他们成立了一个机构来互相帮助。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The city government has decided to set ________ a new hospital in the city centre.
(2)Lily set about ________(do) her homework as soon as she finished her supper.
(3)Mary set her bag ________ and began to do her paperwork.
【答案】(1)up (2)doing (3)aside
(4)You’d better set ____________ early so that you can arrive there before dark.
(5)Mother set out ____________(prepare) dinner as soon as she got home.
【答案】(4)out/off (5)to prepare
3．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物
(P28)Reaching out across the sea is often a mixture of danger and boredom.
【翻译】跨越海洋通常是危险和无聊的混合物。
(1)mixture n．混合；结合体(不可数)；混合物(可数)
a mixture of A and B 一个A和B的结合体
(2)mix vt.混合
mix A with B 把A同B混合起来
【用法详解】
Add the eggs to the mixture and beat well.
把鸡蛋加入混合物，搅拌均匀。
We listened to the news with a mixture of surprise and horror.
我们听到这个消息时既惊讶又恐惧。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The city is ________ mixture of old and new buildings.
(2)She listened to the report with a ________(mix) of different feelings.
(3)As we all know，you can’t mix water ________ oil.
【答案】(1)a (2)mixture (3)with
4．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围
(P28)When the journey ended，Zac’s adventure received widespread media coverage.
【翻译】当旅程结束时，扎克的冒险受到了媒体的广泛报道。
(1)后缀为-age的名词还有：advantage (优点，优势，好处)；bandage (绷带，包带)；blockage (造成阻塞的东西，阻塞物；堵塞，阻塞)；breakage (裂口)；carriage(客车厢；四轮马车)；disadvantage (不利，不利地位)等。
(2)cover vt.遮盖；覆盖；报道 n．覆盖物；封面；掩饰
from cover to cover从头到尾
under cover隐藏着；秘密地
【用法详解】
cover with... 用……覆盖
under separate cover在另函中
take cover躲藏，隐蔽
What did you think of the election coverage
对这次大选报道你怎么看？
The players were soon covered in mud.
那些运动员很快就浑身溅满了泥。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)He kept his invention _____________ until it was patented.
在取得专利前，他的发明一直秘而不宣。
(2)Now a special TV network gives ____________________ most races.
现在一个专门的电视网对绝大多数比赛进行了现场报道。
【答案】(1)under cover (2)live coverage of
(3)I had just finished reading an old issue of Sports Illustrated ____________________________．
我刚刚从头到尾读完了一期体育画报。
【答案】(3)from cover to cover
5．applaud vt.& vi. 鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏
(P29)The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work.
群众站起来为科学家们重要的海洋研究工作鼓掌。
(1)applaud sb.for sth.因某事为某人鼓掌
(不能说applaud for sb.)
(2)applause n．欢呼；喝彩；鼓掌欢迎；掌声
【用法详解】
Give her a big round of applause!为她热烈鼓掌！
Everyone applauded when the play ended.
演出结束时，大家都热烈鼓掌。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The students ________________ two minutes.
学生们鼓掌了两分钟。
【答案】(1)applauded for
(2)We __________________________.我们称赞他的勇敢。
(3)The audience gave the speaker _____________________.
听众对演讲者报以热烈的掌声。
【答案】(2)applauded him for his courage
(3)a loud applause
6．except for除……之外
(P29)They seem not to worry about anything，except for the youngest，who...
【翻译】他们似乎什么都不担心，除了那个最小的孩子，他……
(1)except for意为“除……之外”，用于排除非同类事物，强调整体上的部分细节。
(2)except“除……之外”，表示从全部中排除部分，常与no，all，none，nothing，everything，anything等连用。
【用法详解】
Nobody speaks except for one man.
除了一个男人没人说话。
Except for learning Chinese，do foreign friends like Chinese culture
除了学习汉语，外国朋友们喜欢中国文化吗？
We may imagine there is nothing except yellow sand under the sea.
我们会想象在海底除了黄沙外，什么都没有。
【易混辨析】
besides，except，except for&apart from
besides 除……之外(还有)……，表示肯定意义，与in addition to同义，还可表示“而且”
except 指在同一类事物的总体中除去一部分，强调“除……之外(其余都)……”；except后面不仅可以接短语，还可以接that，if等引导的从句
except for 用于非同类事物，强调整体上的部分细节
apart from 兼有besides和except的含义，后接名词、代词或动名词
Besides being a painter，Da Vinci was also an architect，scientist and engineer.
达·芬奇不仅是画家，还是建筑师、科学家和工程师。
In 50 years of travelling，Colin McCorquodale has visited every country in the world，except three.
在50年的旅行中，科林·麦科克代尔已经游览过除三个国家以外的世界其他各国。
We all had to attend morning assembly every weekday，except for boys of other faiths，who were allowed to stay in their classrooms.
除了有其他信仰的男孩子被允许待在教室里以外，我们所有人每个工作日都要参加晨会。
We should also make sure that there are better ways for young people to use their free time apart from spending money.
我们还要确保，除了花钱以外，年轻人有更好的方式来打发他们的业余时间。
[针对练习]
选用besides，apart from或except (for)填空
(1)The night passed peacefully ________________ traffic noise.
(2)This text is well written ________________ some spelling mistakes.
【答案】(1)except for (2)except for
(3)Mike can also speak Russian and French，______ English.
(4)You can’t come to visit me ________ that I am free from work.
(5)Quite __________________ all the work，he had financial problems.
【答案】(3)besides (4)except (5)apart from
(P28)Henry Norman Bethune devoted his life and profession to helping people without expecting anything in return.
亨利·诺曼·白求恩把他的一生和事业都奉献给了帮助人们这件事上，不求任何回报。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“devoted his life and profession to helping people”意为“把他的一生和事业都奉献给了帮助人们这件事上”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)devote vt.把(时间、精力等)献给……；致力
(2)devote oneself/one’s life/time/energy to sth./doing sth.把某人的生命/时间/精力投入到……；某人专心致力于……
(3)devoted adj.疼爱的；忠实的
be devoted to献身于；专心致志于(to是介词，后接名词或动词的-ing形式，不接动词原形)
(4)devotion n．深爱；忠诚；奉献；献身
She devoted herself to the cause of education.
她献身于教育事业。
Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.
她对工作的投入使她几乎没有空闲时间。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She devotes all her time and energy ________ her scientific research.
(2)She is completely fully ________(devote) to her profession.
【答案】(1)to (2)devoted
(3)Her ________(devote) to her job is known to all in the company.
(4)She devotes all of her life to ________(promote) the life of the local people.
【答案】(3)devotion (4)promoting
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
1．To make friends with them is very helpful.
2．To learn English well is very important for school students.
3．To learn English well，you have to practice more.
4．What I want to do is to see the scientist with my own eyes.
5．John asked me to lend him some money．
【我的领悟】
1．句1、句2中两个动词不定式(短语)在句中作______。
2．句3中，动词不定式短语在句中作________，表示目的。它是由句子中的________发出的动作。
3．句4中，不定式短语在句中作________。这时，这个不定式用来________．
4．句5中，不定式短语在句中作________，表示宾语发出的动作。
Keys：1．主语 2．状语；主语
3．表语；解释主语的内容 4．宾语补足语
□动词不定式(The Infinitive)
一、作主语
不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。
To get up very early is beneficial to your health.
注意不定式作主语常见句型：
1．It is＋adj.(easy，necessary，important，difficult...)＋不定式．
2．It is＋n.(a pity，a pleasure，one’s duty，a shame...)＋不定式．
3．It takes/needs/requires＋some time (hours，months，days，patience...)＋不定式．
It is difficult to keep up a friendship.
It is a pity to waste so much money.
It is just like you to be always ready to help a friend.
It took them two hours to finish the work.
二、作表语
当句子的主语是aim，idea，policy，question，suggestion，wish，task，duty，job，purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式作表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。
Her task is to set the table.
注意：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。
In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper.
三、作宾语
1．可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree，afford，tend，ask，decide，determine，expect，fail，hope，learn，intend，manage，offer，plan，promise，refuse，want，wish等。
I can’t afford to buy such an expensive car.
注意：当不定式短语比宾语补足语长时，往往将不定式放到宾语补足语后，用代词it作形式宾语，常用动词有：feel，think，make，find，believe，consider等。
I think it necessary for me to learn English well.
I have long had it in mind to answer your email.
2．不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语。此外，少数介词如but，except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下，作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do，does，did时，通常省略to。
Professor Wang gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
四、 作宾语补足语
在SVOC句型中，许多动词都可以接不定式作宾语补足语。
1．通常作宾语补足语的不定式要带to，常用于以下动词之后：ask，tell，advise，allow，enable，expect，force，get，like，order，teach，want，invite，wish，beg等。
He doesn’t really expect her to pass the exam.
注意：在谓语动词believe，find，think，feel，consider，suppose，imagine，prove等后面跟to be...作宾语补足语，不跟to do...。
We all supposed him to be German，but in fact he was Swiss.
2．以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to：
(1)一些表示“致使”意义的动词，如：let，have，make等。
They made the boy go to bed early.
(2)一些表示感觉的动词，如：hear，feel，see，watch，notice等。
We felt the house shake.
注意：当这两类动词为被动语态时，不定式就成了主语补足语。作主语补足语的不定式必须加上to。
His father made him go to bed early.
→He was made to go to bed early by his father.
五、作定语
不定式可以在句子中充当后置定语，修饰名词。以下几类情况常用不定式作定语：
1．能带不定式作宾语的动词，其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。常见的有attempt，decision，promise，plan等。
2．常与不定式搭配的形容词，其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。常见的有ability，determination，anxiety，eagerness等。
3．序数词、形容词最高级或被only，last，next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语：
注意：不定式在作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，它后面需要加上适当介词。
Miss White is always the first to come and the last to leave in her school.
六、作状语
不定式可以作状语，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。
1．to...，in order to...，so as to...(不能放在句首)作目的状语。
2．在so...as to，such...as to，only to...结构中，不定式作结果状语，其中only to...用于表示意想不到的结果。
3．enough to，too...to...结构。
4．“形容词(happy，glad，lucky，fortunate，surprised，angry，anxious，ready，quick，slow，cruel，clever等)＋不定式”结构。
【拓展】不定式的各种形式及含义：
不定式 主动形式 被动形式 含义 例句
一般式 to do to be done 表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。 (1)I hope to meet her tonight.
(2)Hank was sent abroad to be educated.
不定式 主动形式 被动形式 含义 例句
进行式 to be doing — 表示的动作正在进行，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。 Jack is believed to be living in London.
不定式 主动形式 被动形式 含义 例句
完成式 to have done to have been done 表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 (1)I was supposed to have told you about it，but I forgot.
(2)The old church seems to have been built by a good architect.
不定式 主动形式 被动形式 含义 例句
完成进行式 to have been doing — 表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前一直在进行。 Bob looks tired.He seems to have been studying for the test all night.
□针对练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We had hoped ________(catch) the early bus，but it had left before we got there.
2．We are expecting thirty or so people ________ (come).
3．The car accident is reported ________ (kill) two passers-by.
【答案】1．to catch 2．to come 3．to have killed
4．Have you checked all the machines ____________(send) to Tibet next month
5．—Do you have anything ___________(take) to your sister
—Nothing.Thank you just the same.
6．I’m really too busy now. I’ve got a mound of paperwork ________ (do).
【答案】4．to be sent 5．to be taken 6．to do
7．The teacher had us ________ (hand) in our homework on time.
8．I would rather have Mike，who you saw last week，________(do) the experiment with me next week.
9．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision，only ____________(tell) to come again the next day.
10．What is the way Smith thought of ____________(get) enough money to buy the new house
【答案】7．hand 8．do 9．to be told 10．to get
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．______________________________ (说实话)，I know nothing about the project.
2．The city is preparing _____________ (主办) the Olympics.
3．We don’t allow ________________ (任何人在这里吸烟).
【答案】1．To tell the truth 2．to host
3．anyone to smoke here
4．It’s such fine weather today.Therefore，I expect the weather ____________________________ (明天是晴天).
5．I’m sorry I can’t help ________________________ (打扫教室) because I have to do something else.
6．The young man is always stealing in the neighbourhood，so we all wish him _________________ (被抓起来) by the police.
【答案】4．to be fine tomorrow
5．to clean the classroom 6．to be caught
7．The teacher told the boy __________________ (不要花费) too much time playing football.
8．What she did at that time was ____________________ (站着哭) by the road.
【答案】7．not to spend 8．stand and cry
9．The mother wanted her son _______________________ (做手术) immediately.
10．The children were warned ______________________ (不要踢足球) on the streets.
【答案】9．to be operated on 10．not to play football
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．When he was young，Mr Smith took an active part in ________(政治活动).
2．Last year，Hewitt was knocked out of the ________(锦标赛) in the third round.
3．The professor shook the ________(混合物) and dipped a finger into it.
【答案】1．politics 2．tournament 3．mixture
4．The ______(笔记本电脑) cost him three thousand dollars.
5．There is much ________(新闻报道) about this event in different media.
6．All the audience ________(鼓掌) the speaker loudly after he finished his speech.
7．The local people were heavily ______(征税) for what they sold.
【答案】4．laptop 5．coverage 6．applauded 7．taxed
8．The ________(载人的) spaceship circled the earth four times.
9．A few dedicated doctors have fought for years to enlighten the ________(职业).
10．A Russian space ________(太空舱) is currently orbiting the earth.
【答案】8．manned 9．profession 10．capsule
Ⅱ.短语填空
be related to，reach an agreement，in a league of one’s own，be devoted to，set off，press conference，nothing except，be born into，except for，come true
1．Only by working hard will your dream ________________ in the future.
2．They got up early and __________ after a simple breakfast.
【答案】1．come true 2．set off
3．Mike is still a good student ___________ his being late for school at times.
4．The old man has _______________ the cause of education all his life.
5．The young lady ______________ a wealthy family and has received a good education.
【答案】3．except for 4．been devoted to 5．was born into
6．There is _________________ some second-hand furniture in the room，which shows the simple life of its owner.
7．The two sides didn’t ________________ at the meeting until late into the night.
8．She is an incredible athlete，truly __________________.
【答案】6．nothing except 7．reach an agreement
8．in a league of her own
9．The police found that Mr Li ____________________ the accident which took place last week.
10．An important announcement will be declared at the ______________________ this afternoon.
【答案】9．is related to 10．press conference
Ⅲ.课文原句填空
1．_____________ is often a mixture of danger and boredom.
跨越海洋通常是危险和无聊的混合物。
2．When the journey ended，Zac’s adventure received ________________________．
当旅程结束时，扎克的冒险受到了媒体的广泛报道。
【答案】1．Reaching out across the sea
2．widespread media coverage
3．The crowd ____________________ scientists _____ their important ocean research work.
群众站起来为科学家们重要的海洋研究工作鼓掌。
4．_____________________，Zac bought a boat and set off.
扎克用自己的钱买了一艘船就出发了。
5．They seem not to worry about anything，______________ the youngest.他们似乎什么都不担心，除了那个最小的孩子。
【答案】3．stood to applaud；for
4．Using his own money 5．except for(共74张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Period One Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．(使)撤回；撤离
B．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
C．航道；海峡；频道
D．纽带；关系；增强信任关系；使牢固结合
E．商人；批发商；海上货运的
1．Change the channel — there are too many commercials. ( )
2．Common interests formed a bond between us. ( )
3．The Spurs is meant to be one of the top teams in the league. ( )
4．You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty. ( )
5．He bargained with the merchant for an hour before he bought the blanket. ( )
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．E
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→____________ adj.伸出的；伸展的；延长的；持续的
(参考：disturb→disturbed)
2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→____________ n．协商，谈判
(参考：examine→examination)
【答案】1．extended 2．negotiation
3．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离→____________ n．收回；取回；撤回；撤退；撤走
(参考：dismiss→dismissal)
4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→____________ n．王室；王权
(参考：cruel→cruelty)
【答案】3．withdrawal 4．royalty
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
set sail for；in a league of one’s own；withdraw from；in hand；under the command of；search for
1．Tell the men to depart from their new position.
＝Tell the men to ________________ their new position.
【答案】1．withdraw from
2．For over 100 years，men have been looking for gold in the hills.
＝For over 100 years，men have been _______________ gold in the hills.
3．We made a great deal of money，so we decided that it was time to set off home by ship.
＝We made a great deal of money，so we decided that it was time to________________________ home.
【答案】2．searching for 3．set sail for
4．The army is under General Smith’s command.
＝The army is ________________General Smith.
5．While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers，the drivers of New York take the lead.
＝While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers，the drivers of New York are ________________________.
【答案】4．under the command of
5．in a league of their own
6．Having enough data to the fore，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled.
＝Having enough data________________，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled.
【答案】6．in hand
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.阅读课文，判断信息正误
( )1．Columbus’ story inspired European explorers to find sea routes from west to east.
( )2．The Silk Road winds its way from China to France and Britain.
( )3．The large fleets from the Ming Dynasty were most powerful in the world in those days.
【答案】1－3 FFF
( )4．The Belt and Road is intended to encourage cooperation and trade between China and other countries.
( )5．There is still much for us humans to study and explore on the earth.
【答案】4－5 TT
Ⅱ.阅读课文，选择正确选项
( )1．What did Marco Polo’s story about China result in
A．It inspired more Westerners to travel to Beijing.
B．It encouraged Europeans to find routes to China by sea.
C．It caused Westerners to travel to China by land.
D．It increased Europeans’ interest in Chinese silk.
【答案】B
( )2．From this text，we know that the Silk Road ______.
A．is a land route linking China and some other countries
B．is a sea route from China to India and other countries
C．was started by Zheng He and his large fleets
D．was discovered by European explorers
【答案】A
( )3．From the third paragraph，we can infer that ______.
A．Zheng He was a very famous merchant in the Ming Dynasty
B．China bought much gold and spice from African countries
C．shipping industry was much advanced in the Ming Dynasty
D．Zheng He was a very famous army officer in the Ming Dynasty
【答案】C
( )4．The Belt and Road is intended to ________.
A．make tourism more prosperous along the Silk Road
B．attract more foreign merchants to trade in China
C．present the great achievements we have made
D．encourage cooperation and trade along the Silk Road
【答案】D
( )5．What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Sea routes are still important for China in the future.
B．China still wants to work together with foreign countries.
C．China wants to do more business with foreign countries.
D．More open policies will be carried out in China in the future.
【答案】A
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
It is human being’s great passion to complete a map of the world in the history.That’s why people 1．________(inspire) to find sea routes from west to east.In the past，Western explorers 2．________(encourage) by Marco Polo’s story about China，wanted to find a sea route to China.
【答案】1．were inspired 2．encouraged
Merchants from China also travelled to Western countries by sea route，who made their sea voyage much 3．________(early) than Columbus ever set sail.
Silk from China found its way by land to India，the Middle East and Rome along 4．________ is now known as the Silk Road.Ancient Chinese 5．________(merchant) also discovered a route by sea into the Indian Ocean.
【答案】3．earlier 4．what 5．merchants
On their meetings，business people from 6．________(difference) countries negotiated their trade deals，7．________ resulted in a better 8．________(understand) of each other’s cultures.Later on，Zheng He，from the Ming Dynasty, set sail between 1405 and 1433，from 9．________ South China Sea across the Indian Ocean and to the east coast of Africa.
【答案】6．different 7．which 8．understanding 9．the
Now，China has joined other countries in many ocean projects for the purpose of doing trade and 10．________(enhance) bonds with these countries.
【答案】10．enhancing
课堂新知讲练
1．set sail起航；开航
(P26)However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
【翻译】然而，来自东方的商人和探险家们从东向西航行比哥伦布早很多年。
◇词汇拓讲
set sail for sp.起航/动身去某地
【用法详解】
After a good night’s sleep，they set sail again.
好好地休息了一个晚上之后，他们又起航了。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)After supper，the sailors _______________ in high spirits.
晚饭过后，这些水手就情绪高昂地开船出发了。
(2)Yesterday they ____________________________ Japan.
昨天他们就起航去日本了。
【答案】(1)set sail (2)set sail for
2．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
(P26)A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).
【翻译】一条横跨海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸，以锡兰(现在的斯里兰卡)为中心。
(1)extend的基本意思是增加时间或空间的长度，尤指范围的扩大，如权力、种类、影响或适用性等。其作此解时后接名词或代词作宾语。
(2)extend还有“提供；给予”的意思。
(3)常见搭配：
extend sth.延伸(扩大)某物
extend into延伸到某地内部
【用法详解】
extend over延期超过(多久时间)
extend from A to B 从A延伸到B
extend sth.to sb.给予某人某物
extend for延伸(多久、多远)
(4)extended adj.伸出的；延长的；扩大的；扩大范围的；长期的
(5)extension n．延伸；扩展；展期；外延
It was kind of you to extend an invitation to us.
感谢你对我们的邀请。
Bilingualism’s effects also extend into the twilight years.
双语能力的影响还会延续到暮年。
The new territory would extend over one-fifth of Canada’s land mass.
这块新领土将会使加拿大陆地面积扩展五分之一以上。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)In this area，the plains extend ____________ hundreds of kilometres.
(2)Can you extend your visit ________ a few more days
(3)This railway is said to extend ________ our province.
【答案】(1)for (2)for (3)into/to
3．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)
vi.谈判；磋商；协商
(P26)Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.
【翻译】在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易，这也增进了对彼此文化的了解。
(1)negotiate sth.商谈某事
negotiate with sb.与某人谈判
negotiate about/on/over/into sth.就某事进行谈判
(2)negotiate 还有“穿过，越过”的意思。
【用法详解】
The government will not negotiate with terrorists.
政府不会和恐怖分子谈判。
The driver failed to negotiate a bend and ran into a tree.
司机没能顺利拐弯，撞到了树上。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)I’ll _______________ their coach on the date of the match.
我将与他们的教练磋商比赛的日期问题。
(2)They refused _________________ unless three preliminary requirements were met.
如果三项先决条件得不到满足，他们就拒绝谈判。
【答案】(1)negotiate with (2)to negotiate
(3)We’ve decided to __________________ the employers about our wage claim.
我们决定就工资问题与雇主们谈判。
(4)The horse ________________________ with ease.
那匹马轻易跳过了栅栏。
【答案】(3)negotiate with (4)negotiated the fence
4．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离
(P26)Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
【翻译】虽然中国在1433年以后退出了进一步的远征，但是这些陆地和海上的路线在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。
(1)withdraw→withdrew→withdrawn
(2)withdraw from 退出；撤出
withdraw money from bank从银行取回钱
withdraw into收回；蜷缩
(3)withdrawal n．收回；撤回；撤退
【用法详解】
He may withdraw into his own private world.
他可以蜷缩在个人的小天地里。
Tell the men to withdraw from their new position.
告诉那些人从新的阵地上撤出。
I’d like to withdraw some money from my account.
我想从账户里取出一些钱。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She’d half expected him to withdraw ________ the course.
(2)Due to the extreme cold weather，the troops __________ (withdraw) from the mountainous regions last week.
(3)My money is running out，so I have to withdraw some money ________ the bank.
(4)It was so cold outside that she had to withdraw ________ her warm quilt.
【答案】(1)from (2)were withdrawn (3)from (4)into
5．in hand在手头，可供使用
(P27)Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
【翻译】数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，对贸易的需求和加强中国同世界各国的联系的需要，在遥远的未来将推动中国跨越海洋。
(1)in hand可表示“手头有；在手头；控制；处理；进行”。
(2)与hand有关的短语：
at hand在手边；在近处；即将到来
by hand用手工(即不是用机器或其他手段)
give/lend sb.a hand帮某人一把
hand in hand手拉手；同时并存
【用法详解】
on the one (other) hand一方面(另一方面)
hands up举手；举起手来
hand in交来；交上去(给老师或上级)
hand out散发；分发
hand over移交；拿给(另一人)
shake hands (with sb.) (同某人)握手
on hand在手边(随时可用)
He lives close at hand.
他就住在附近。
They walked down the street hand in hand.
他们手拉手沿街道走去。
It’s really heavy－can you give/lend me a hand
这东西很重——你能帮一下忙吗？
I still have some money on hand.
我手头还有些钱。
He shook hands warmly with me.
他同我热情握手。
The thief was handed over to the police.
这个小偷已经送交给警方了。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)With the string __________，the son started to fly the kite.
手里拿着线，儿子开始放风筝。
(2)Having the right equipment _________ will be enormously helpful.
有合适的工具在手边将会极为有用。
【答案】(1)in hand (2)at hand
(3)The company ____________________ the project to a new team next month.
公司将于下个月把该项目移交给一个新的团队。
(4)__________________________，the elephants’ main lake，their only water source，dried up.
一方面，大象的主要湖泊饮水处，也是他们唯一的水源，已经干涸了。
【答案】(3)will hand over (4)On the one hand
1．(P26)To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
【翻译】今天，跨越海洋的愿望依然强烈。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“To reach out across the sea”是一个动词不定式短语，在句中作主语。这个句子还可以改写成“It remains a strong desire today to reach out across the sea.”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。但在很多情况下，用代词it作形式主语，而将动词不定式后置。注意不定式作主语的常见句型：
(1)It is＋adj.(easy，hard，important，difficult...)＋不定式．
(2)It is＋n.(a pity，a pleasure，one’s duty，a shame，a waste of time...)＋不定式．
(3)It takes/needs/requires＋n. (hours，months，days，patience...)＋不定式．
It is difficult to keep up a friendship.
维持友谊是很困难的。
It is a pity to waste so much money.
浪费这么多钱真可惜。
It took them two hours to finish the work.
完成这项工作花了他们两个小时。
To take care of the children is your job this afternoon.
照看孩子是你今天下午的工作。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)________(see) is to believe.
(2)________(be) a good teacher requires a good command of knowledge as well as patience.
(3)________ is not necessary to come so early for your work.
【答案】(1)To see (2)To be (3)It
(4)It is a shame ________(behave) so rudely to the old.
(5)It will take them two years ________(build) the bridge.
【答案】(4)to behave (5)to build
2．(P27)The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
【翻译】这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world”是两个并列的动词不定式短语在句中作表语。
【归纳拓展】
当句子的主语是aim，idea，policy，question，suggestion，wish，task，duty，job，purpose等名词或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式作表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。
The first step to knowledge is to know that we are ignorant.
走向知识的第一步是要知道我们是无知的。
注意：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。
The only thing we can do now is wait and see.
我们现在唯一能做的就是等着瞧。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)My wish is ________________________________ (成为一位科学家) in the future.
(2)What I can do is ___________________________ (让市民们) know more about the event.
【答案】(1)to become a scientist (2)(to) let the citizens
3．(P27) Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
【翻译】数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，对贸易的需求和加强中国同世界各国的联系的需要，在遥远的未来将推动中国跨越海洋。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“with the latest technology in hand”是一个“介词with＋名词＋介词短语”构成的介宾复合结构，在句中作条件状语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)这类介宾复合结构在句中作时间、条件、原因状语的时候，通常放在句首；
(2)这类结构在句中作伴随、方式、结果状语的时候，通常放在句末。
With so much work at hand，she feels uneasy all day long.
有那么多的事情要处理，她整天都不安。
Mary was sitting near the fire，with her back towards the door.
玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)________ a bag on her back，the girl went out happily with her mother.
(2)With a cloth ________ his face，the baby boy can’t see anything.
(3)With his hands ________ his pockets，the young man walked into my office.
【答案】(1)With (2)on (3)in
随堂知能小练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Three days later，we arrived at ______ is called Woodland and settled down.
2．We have raised people’s _______(aware) of environmental protection among the citizens.
3．We should not exclude(把……排除在外) the possibility of ________(negotiate).
【答案】1．what 2．awareness 3．negotiation
4．He will appeal to the state for an ________(extend) of unemployment benefits.
5．________(earn) enough money doesn’t necessarily result in happiness.
6．He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete ________(withdraw).
【答案】4．extension 5．To earn 6．withdrawal
7．My plan for the new year is ________(set) up a company of my own.
8．________ a mobile in his hand，how can he focus on his study
9．Mike is always the last person ________(leave) the office.
10．Premier Zhou was a very famous _______(politics) leader in Chinese history.
【答案】7．to set 8．With 9．to leave 10．political
Ⅱ.短语填空
search for，set sail，under the command of，in the league of one’s own，in hand，in return，withdraw from，strengthen the bond，reach out, have an effect on
1．To ________ the missing child，all the villagers were sent out into the forest.
【答案】1．search for
2．The extremely cold weather will ________ the growth of the crops in the fields.
3．The farmer saved the snake while the snake gave the farmer a bite ________ when it came to life.
4．With so much money ________，she has no worry about her future life.
【答案】2．have an effect on 3．in return 4．in hand
5．The young man does his work so well that he is _________ in his company right now.
6．You ought to ________ your helping hand when others are in need of help.
7．As parents，it is important for you to ________ with your children in your daily life.
【答案】5．in the league of his own
6．reach out 7．strengthen the bond
8．________ the officer，the soldiers marched more than one hundred kilometres over night.
9．After breakfast，all the sailors left the port and ________ again on their voyage.
10．The travellers ________ their trip because of the heavy rain.
【答案】8．Under the command of 9．set sail
10．withdrew from
Ⅲ.课文原句填空
1．However，merchants and explorers from the East ____________________ east to west many years before Columbus first did.
然而，来自东方的商人和探险家们从东向西航行比哥伦布早很多年。
【答案】1．set sail from
2．Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes _____________________ between other cultures for centuries.
虽然中国在1433年以后退出了进一步的远征，但是这些陆地和海上的路线在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。
【答案】2．remained active channels
3．From a scientific _______________________________，there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
从科学的角度来看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
【答案】3．point of view
4．Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire _______________________ will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，在掌握了最新技术的情况下，对贸易的需求和加强中国同世界各国的联系的需要，在遥远的未来将推动中国跨越海洋。
【答案】4．to enhance relationships
5．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and _________________ between China and the rest of the world.
这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。
【答案】5．strengthen the bonds
