牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance重点单词和短语练习（无答案）

Unit 1 Nature in the balance
_____________ n. & vt. 伤害，损害 ____________ adj.有害的 ___________ oppo.无害的
_____________ n. 地区，区域；行政区 _____________ adj.地区的，区域的
_____________ n. 生物多样性 _____________ adj.多样的
_____________ n. 不同种类；变化；变种，变体 _____________ adj.各种各样的
_____________ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 _____________ adj.大规模的，大量的
_____________vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难 _____________n.存活
_____________ 相应地，转而
_____________ 使分解（为），使变化（成）
_____________ n. 营养素，营养物_____________adj.有营养的
_____________ 给…带来起色， 注入活力
_____________ vi. 不复存在， 灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪___________________ n.消失
_____________ 由于，因为
_____________ n. 影响；冲撞vi. & vt. 有影响；冲击_____________ adj.有影响的
_____________ n. 灭绝，绝种_____________ adj.灭绝的
_____________vt. & n. 损害，伤害， 损坏，破坏
_____________n. 气候；倾向，风气
_____________ 逐渐增加，扩大
_____________ adj. 全球的；全面的_____________ adv.全球地
_____________ 想出，想到
_____________ （公开）要求；需要
_____________ n. 应用，运用；申请_____________ vt应用；申请，适用
_____________ n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 _____________ adj. 有组织的，有条理的
_____________adv. 绝对地，完全 地；极其
_____________ 突然记起（或想到）
_____________n. 首领，最高领导人 adj. 主要的；首席的
_____________ adv. 完全地，全部地， 完整地
_____________摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
_____________vi. 反对，抗议 vt. 坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对
_____________ vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处_____________adj.盈利的，有益的
_____________n. 辩护； 防御，保护；国防；防守_____________adj.防御的，戒备的
_____________ adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的_____________ n.经济
_____________ n. 策略； 策划，部署 _____________ adj.战略性的，策略的
_____________ vt. 回收利用，再利用 _____________ adj.可回收利用的
_____________ n. 官员，要员 adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的_____________adv.正式地
_____________ vt. 污染；毒死，毒害 n. 毒物，毒药 _____________ adj.有毒的
_____________ n. 结果，后果； 重要性
_____________ 使发生（或存在）
_____________ adj. 更多的，更进一步的 adv. 较远，更远；进一步
默写课文
The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure
Welcome to the jungle, ____________________________(一片绿色的海洋） alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it ___________________________________（扮演着举足轻重的角色）maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the south American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon river, from which the rainforest gets its name, _________________（接近） 6,400 kilometers in length ---- roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
Of the 390,000 plant species_________________（人类已知的）, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support ___________________________（野生动物种类多到令人难以置信）. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are____________________________（高耸、古老的阔叶树）, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many meters above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world,_____________(家园）different kinds of living things.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While __________________________(数量可观的）jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, ________________________（一支微生物军队）helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest_________________________（宝库）species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these________________（无可取代） plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species _____________________（濒危）becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
答案：
harm;harmful;harmless
region;regional
biodiversity; diverse
variety; various
mass;massive
survive;survival
in turn
break down
nutrient; nutritious
breathe life into
disappear; disappearance
due to
impact;impactful
extinction; extinct
damage
climate
build up
global; globally
come up with
call for
application；apply
organization; organized
absolutely
spring to mind
chief
entirely
get rid of
protest
profit; profitable
defence;defensive
enconomic; economy；economist经济学家
strategy;strategic
recycle; recyclable
official; officially
poison; poisonous
consequence
give rise to
further
The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the south American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon river, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length ---- roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many meters above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”