Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. arise vi.起身；出现；由……引起
2. massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
3. bound adj.准备前往（某地）；一定会
4. scenery n.风景；景色
5. highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；使醒目
6. anticipate vt.预料；期望
7. anyhow adv.（结束交谈或转换话题时）不过；反正
8. proceed vi.行进；继续做
9. accent n.口音
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. please vt.使高兴；讨好vi.喜欢；愿意→ pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→ pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→ pleasure n.快乐；娱乐；乐事
2. literature n.文学→ literary adj.文学的→ literally adv.字面上；真正地
3. breath n.呼吸的空气→ breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→ breathe vt.&vi.呼吸
4. freeze vi.&vt.结冰；（使）冻住→ freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ frozen adj.结冰的，冷冻的
5. astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→ astonishing adj.非常惊人的；令人十分吃惊的→ astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的→ astonishment n.惊讶
6. mist n.薄雾；水汽→ misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
7. advertise vt.&vi.（为……）做广告；宣传；征聘→ advertisement n.广告；启事
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.craft n. 手艺；工艺；技艺
2.antique n. 古物；古董 adj. 古老的；古董的
3.spectacular adj. 壮观的；惊人的 n. 壮丽的场面
4.peak n. 顶峰；尖形
5.curtain n. 窗帘
6.border n. 国界；边界（地区）
7.duration n. 持续时间；期间
8.harbour n. （海）港；港口
9.shore n. 岸；滨
10.dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚
11.photographer n. 摄影师；拍照者
12.toast n. 烤面包片；干杯 vt. 为……干杯
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. take sb.’s breath away 令人惊叹
2. in addition to 除……之外（还）
3. in the distance 在远处
4. go through 穿过；经历；检查；完成
5. a bunch of 一束；一群；大量
6. contrary to 相反的；相对立的
7. owe sth. to sb. 欠（某人情）；把……归功于某人
8.all the way一路上；自始至终；一直
9.pass through穿过
10.proceed to sth. 进而做（参加）
11.in contrast to 与……截然不同；相比之下
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way， they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. （rather than连接并列成分）
她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
2. Seen from the train window ， the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. （过去分词短语作状语）
从火车窗口往外望去，加拿大的山脉和森林显得很辽阔。
3. Looking at the beautiful scenery ， they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.（现在分词短语作状语）
看着这美丽的风景，她们两人一致认为这是她们有生以来最棒的旅行。
4.Since it can be too cold to go outdoors ， Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.（too...to...）
因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物中心的所在地。
5. It was not until 9：30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario， Toronto. （It is/was not until...that...）
直到上午九点半，她们才终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.One of the highlights （最精彩的部分） of the trip was seeing the West Lake.
2.No matter what difficulties arise ， we’re sure to overcome them bravely and wisely.
3.The international exchange students took a plane bound for Kunming to experience the Chinese folk culture there.
4.The scenery along the river is amazing，with many well-known sightseeing spots.
5.A massive number of people went to the earthquake-stricken area to offer help.
6.He answered our questions in English but with a thick accent .
7.I have every intention of paying her back what I owe her.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Many places in the north of China witnessed the freezing cold winter last year， and many things were frozen .（freeze）
2.He shows great interest in literature and has bought a lot of literary books.（literature）
3.After a long run， he was breathless . He stopped， breathed deeply and then went on running.（breath）
4.To my pleasure ， the new cook can make dishes with a pleasant smell. So I’m very pleased with him. （please）
5.To my astonishment ， they seemed very astonished at the news， which was not astonishing at all.（astonish）
6.It is a bit misty this morning， for there is much mist rising in the woods.（mist）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
take one’s breath away in addition to
a bunch of go through contrary to
1.We went climbing and the sight of the beautiful mountains took our breath away .
2.I placed ham sandwiches， sausages and a bunch of bananas on a small wooden table.
3. Contrary to popular history books， most academic books tend to adopt a more analytical approach to studying history.
4.She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her friendship with Jane broke up.
5. In addition to making people aware of a product or service， a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buy， thus boosting business.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.被这个故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭了起来。（过去分词短语作状语）
Deeply moved by the story ， the children began to cry.
2.我习惯早点开始，而不是把所有事情都留到最后。（rather than连接并列成分）
I’m used to starting early， rather than leaving everything to the last minute .
3.直到这个地区被严重污染了，他们才认识到该是采取行动阻止污染的时候了。（It is/was not until...that...）
It was not until the area was seriously polluted that they realised that it was high time to take action to stop the pollution.
4.我写信向你求助，希望你能向我伸出援助之手。（现在分词短语作状语）
I’m writing to ask for your help， hoping that you will offer me a helping hand .
5.我过去太害羞了，不敢在公共场合大声说话。（too...to...）
I used to be too shy to speak aloud in public .Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
During my two years of study in China， I collected a bunch of wonderful memories and gained massively extensive knowledge about this great country. One of the pleasant memories was the visit to Zijin Mountain， which was literally challenging because of the long hours of journey before reaching the peak. Wearose early in the misty morning when the trees were still covered with frost， and the cold weather seemed to freeze my hands off. However， the sight of the awesome sceneries alongside the mountain road took my breath away.
When we arrived at the top， the spectacular sunrise really astonished us. One of my friends， acting as our photographer， took a photo of us. All in all， I think the highlight of climbing mountains is what we experience all the wayrather than what we finally see at the peak. The experience is bound to leave a deep impression on me.
1 arise（arose，arisen）vi.起身；出现；由……引起；起床
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①If any problem arises later， you must take her to the hospital without delay. 出现
②[外研选必④－1]Of course， the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems， when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. 由……引起
③When a guest pays a visit to your family， you’d better arise from your chair immediately to show your warm welcome. 起身
④[人教选必②－4]The next morning， the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise， passing through the Canadian Rockies. 起床
2.His carelessness resulted in his failure in the final exam.
→ His failure in the final exam arose from/out of his carelessness. （用arise改写）
点拨
（1）arise（arose，arisen）表示"产生，出现，引起"时，主语多为抽象名词，如problem，quarrel，argument，question，happiness，crisis等；表示"起立，起身"时，同rise。
（2）rise（rose，risen）意为"升起；上升；起立"，说明主语自身移向较高的位置，既可表示具体的动作，又可表示抽象的动作，如日、月等升起，烟、雾、水面等升高，人站立起来。如：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。
（3）raise（raised，raised）意为"（使）直立，站立"和"举起，提起，抬起"时，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他人或事物的。如：
She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.她抬起一根手指放在唇边，示意安静。
★arise from/out of（＝result from）由……引起/产生 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
2 breathn.呼吸的空气
1.hold one’s breath take a deep breath take one’s breath away
①[外研选必④－4]Feeling dizzy， Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation， "And that is why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business into a successful one."
②They boarded the train to Lake Louise， where the blue water took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
③[译林选必①－2]I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio， holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song.
2.他跑回家，上气不接下气，脸都红了。 （读后续写之神态描写）
He ran back home， out of breath/breathless and with his face red.
★hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深吸一口气 take one’s breath away 令某人惊叹 out of breath 喘不上气来，上气不接下气 ★breathe vt.&vi.呼吸 ★breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的
3 freeze（froze，frozen）vi.&vt.结冰；（使）冻住
1.The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing （freeze）wind and snow.
2.[外研必修②－1]Once a week， we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen （freeze） food.
3.当他看到有个黑影朝他走来，他吓得僵住了。 （读后续写之神态描写）
When he saw a dark figure approaching him， he froze in horror/he was frozen in horror .
★freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的 ★frozen adj.冷冻的；结冰的 be frozen to death被冻死 freeze/be frozen with/in sth.惊呆；吓呆
4 astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊（amaze，surprise）
1.[外研选必①－1]Again， the man whispered in the tiger’s ear. The tiger looked shocked and hurried away. "What did you say to my animals？" said the emperor， astonished （astonish）.
点拨
结合语境可知，空处所填词修饰the emperor，应用形容词作状语。
2.[北师选必②－4]When he looks at the menu， an astonished （astonish） look quickly appears on his face.
点拨
astonishing为形容词，意为"令人惊讶的"；astonished为形容词，意为"感到惊讶的"。一般情况下，astonishing用来修饰物，astonished用来修饰人。当用于修饰look，smile，voice，expression等情绪类名词时，应用astonished。
3.[外研选必①－4]It is absolutely astonishing （astonish） to see a superhighway world map made entirely of wires and cables.
4.你拒绝了出国留学的机会，这使我非常吃惊，因而写信询问原因。 （建议信）
→①You turned down the opportunity to study abroad， which astonished me greatly ， so I’m writing to ask the reason.（astonish，定语从句）
→② It greatly astonished me that you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so I’m writing to ask the reason.（astonish，it作形式主语）
→③ To my great astonishment ， you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so I’m writing to ask the reason.（astonishment）
→④ I’m greatly astonished to learn that you turned down the opportunity to study abroad， so I’m writing to ask the reason.（astonished）
★It astonishes sb. that...令某人惊讶的是…… ★astonished adj.感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth.对……感到惊讶 be astonished to find/hear/learn/see sth.因发现/听说/得知/看到某事而惊讶 ★astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的 It’s astonishing that...令人惊讶的是…… ★astonishment n.惊讶，惊奇 in astonishment 惊讶地 to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是
5 owevt.欠（账、债、情等）
1.The company went bankrupt and owed money to more than 60 banks.
2.我没能和你一起去商场，我该向你道歉。 （道歉信）
I owe you an apology/owe an apology to you for failing to go to the shopping mall with you.
3.Thanks to your encouragement and guidance， I made dramatic progress in my English writing. （感谢信）
→① Owing to your encouragement and guidance， I made dramatic progress in my English writing. （owing to）
→② I owe the dramatic progress in my English writing to your encouragement and guidance. （owe...to...）
★owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物 owe...to...把……归功于…… owe an apology to sb./owe sb. an apology应向某人道歉 ★owing to因为，由于（＝thanks to/because of/due to/as a result of/on account of）
6 ratherthan而不是
1.[外研必修②－2]People are also discovering the fun of interacting with the celebrations，rather than simply watching （watch） as part of an audience.
2.They said the young man， rather than the passengers， was （be） responsible for the incident.
3.从现在开始，我要更注意我的健康而不是体重。
From now on， I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.
4.有些同学宁愿与其他人合住，也不愿跟父母住在家里。
Some students would share a room with others rather than live at home/would rather share a room with others than live at home/prefer to share a room with others rather than live at home with their parents.
★rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 ★表示"宁愿做……也不愿做……"的句型： would do...rather than do.../would rather do...than do.../prefer to do...rather than do...
7 alltheway一路上；完全地
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①You can feel that the audience is with her all the way. 完全地
②She didn’t speak a word to me all the way back home. 一路上
2.on the way in the way in a way in this way
①[译林必修①－3]Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way ，we can better walk the "path of life" with the comfort，advice and help from our trusted friends.
②[北师必修②－5]While he was on the way to Antarctica， he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south， too.
③I recommend you to participate in some activities， but never let your social life get in the way of your study. （建议信）
④[北师选必②－5]Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was like the sun and clouds in a way .
★in a way在某种程度上 by the way顺便提一下 in the way妨碍；挡道 in this way用这种方法 on the way to...在去……的途中 in no way一点也不，决不
8 too＋形容词/副词＋to do sth.
1.[外研必修①－1]"Nice to know we share the same name，" said my new teacher.I had been too nervous to pay （pay） attention when he introduced himself！
2.He isn’t mature enough to know how to act and talk on such occasions.
→He is too young to know how to act and talk on such occasions. （too...to...）
3.如果有幸能得到你的指导，那真是再好不过了。 （求助信）
It can’t be too good if I can get your guidance. （can’t be too）
★too...to...表示否定意义，意为"太……而不能……"。 ★can never/can’t be too...再……也不为过Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
一、阅读理解
A
[2023广西贵港三模]Cory， aged 30， was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（脊髓性肌萎缩症） at a very young age. Because of his condition， he began using a wheelchair at age 4. His mother， Sandy Gilbreath， raised him as a single parent. Although taking care of a child with a disability was challenging， she ensured that Cory didn’t miss out on the fun things in life. Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood. The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.
He and his mother traveled to Antarctica in February. It was the seventh and final continent off his list. He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents！
According to Cory， traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his research six to twelve months before each trip， making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the location. He would also call up hotels or rental homes to confirm if they are truly as accessible as they claim to be.
When Cory started going on adventures， there weren’t many online resources discussing accessible travel. To help other travelers with disabilities explore the world as he does， he decided to share his knowledge in his blog. Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-using community， Cory and his mother wrote a children’s book， titled Let’sExplorewithCorCor， which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair.
"Traveling to all seven continents wasn’t something I was sure was going to be possible，" he said. "But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude， the opportunities are limitless."
从小被诊断患有脊髓性肌萎缩症的科里坐轮椅游览了七大洲，他决定在博客上分享他的旅行知识，帮助其他残疾旅行者像他一样探索世界。
1. What made Cory Lee decide to visit all seven continents？
A. His mother’s expectation.
B. His travelling experiences.
C. His dream of helping others.
D. His objective of making a history.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第一段中的"Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood. The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents"可知，是科里童年时，妈妈带他去公路旅行的经历让他下定决心访问所有七大洲，故选B项。
2. What worries Cory most about a trip？
A. Rental fees.
B. Local attractions.
C. Accommodation.
D. Transportation.
解析 D 推理判断题。由第三段中的"According to Cory， traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his research six to twelve months before each trip， making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the location"可知，科里因为身体原因要坐轮椅旅行，所以在每次旅行前他研究要去的地方有没有方便的交通选择，由此可得知科里旅行时最担心的是交通问题，故选D项。
3. Why did Cory and his mother write the book？
A. To enrich online resources.
B. To record travelling events.
C. To help people with special needs.
D. To introduce wheelchair adventures.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第四段中的"Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-using community， Cory and his mother wrote a children’s book， titled Let’sExplorewithCorCor， which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair"可知，为了帮助有特殊需要的人，科里和他妈妈才写书的，故选C项。
4. What can we learn from Cory’s story？
A. Nothing can prevent a determined heart.
B. Disability can turn into an opportunity.
C. Travelling shapes a positive attitude.
D. Mom is the creator of children’s dreams.
解析 A 推理判断题。由第一段中的"Cory， aged 30， was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（脊髓性肌萎缩症） at a very young age. Because of his condition， he began using a wheelchair at age 4"、第二段中的"He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents！"和最后一段"‘Traveling to all seven continents wasn’t something I was sure was going to be possible，’ he said. ‘But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude， the opportunities are limitless.’"可知，科里从小坐轮椅，但因为保持着坚定和积极的态度，他才能完成游览所有七大洲的目标，由此可得知，即使残疾，坚定的心也能帮助人们实现梦想，所以没有什么能阻止一颗坚定的心，故选A项。
B
[2024广东四校联考]Getting to Antarctica is not easy. The few who are lucky enough to visit this most mysterious continent do so by ship. To reach Antarctica， ships must pass through an extremely violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage， considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet.
Walls of water thirty， sometimes forty feet high continually crashed against our ship for two solid days. We would hold on to a rope inside the ship while being violently tipped（倾斜） to one extreme side， then to the other， and then back again. My daughter Claire and I were as mentally prepared as we could be.
About two and a half days after entering the Drake Passage， the waters calmed. Soon， we noticed small black spots on nearby pieces of floating ice. Emperor penguins（企鹅）！ Then， we began the two-mile hike over the ice to the penguin colony. Within several hundred yards， small groups of emperors， perhaps ten or so at a time， greeted us， sliding on their bellies and making their wonderful noises， sort of a long， high-pitched sound.
One day， two adult emperors with their three chicks following them approached Claire， who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her， as if she were the babysitter. Twenty minutes later they returned to collect the chicks. And I will never forget the penguin that， when I jokingly asked which way back to the helicopters， pointed a wing in the correct direction. Every night aboard our safe and warm ship， we thought about what it took to survive in Antarctica， an incredibly harsh（恶劣的） place.
But each day on the ice， we also thought about the Drake Passage， the impact of the large body of water we had to endure to get where we were. Over the course of our visit， we came to respect the power of that sea. We still talk about the penguins， as I’m sure we always will. But we talk about the Drake Passage， too. Both experiences were unforgettable， and one would not have been possible without the other.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者和女儿前往南极洲的经历。
1. Why is the Drake Passage mentioned in the first paragraph？
A. The water in the area is usually calm.
B. People can see very attractive scenery there.
C. It is quite a dangerous section of the journey.
D. A lot of sea animals often appear in the area.
解析 C 推理判断题。由文章第一段中的"To reach Antarctica， ships must pass through an extremely violent area of ocean called the Drake Passage， considered to be the roughest stretch of sea on the planet"可知，第一段提到德雷克海峡是因为这是旅程中相当危险的一段，故选C。
2. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about？
A. The visitors appreciated the penguins.
B. The living habits of emperor penguins.
C. How penguins made their wonderful noises.
D. The appearance and shape of emperor penguins.
解析 A 段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述的是游客们欣赏企鹅，故选A。
3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph？
A. Penguins try to avoid human beings.
B. Penguins are not afraid of human beings.
C. Claire played with the two adult penguins for a long time.
D. Claire led the young penguins to where the adult penguins stayed.
解析 B 推理判断题。由文章第四段中的"One day， two adult emperors with their three chicks following them approached Claire， who was resting on the ice. They left the chicks with her， as if she were the babysitter"可推断，企鹅不怕人类，故选B。
4. What does the underlined word "endure" in the last paragraph mean？
A. Promote. B. Break.
C. Arrange. D.Experience.
解析 D 词义猜测题。由"Over the course of our visit， we came to respect the power of that sea"可推知，到达德雷克海峡必须忍受巨大水流的冲击，所以endure的意思是"经历，经受"。
二、完形填空
[奋斗精神/2023河北衡水三模]Two Canadian cyclists with Parkinson’s disease are taking an 8，000-kilometer journey across Canada. They are riding for a good 1 . This dynamic team wants to 2 other people with Parkinson’s to get on their bikes and rediscover freedom and joy in life.
Steve Iseman and Jim Redmond 3 their bike tour on June 25， 2022， in Victoria， British Columbia. They were both physically 4 before they were diagnosed（诊断） with early Parkinson’s. Instead of 5 themselves to sadness， they felt determined to keep active. Also， knowing people with Parkinson’s tend to be 6 to get on a bike and live in loneliness， they wanted to convey this 7 during their ride： Believe in yourself and you are more 8 than you think.
"If you feel muscle weakness， add pedal-assist to the ride. If cycling doesn’t 9 you， there are so many other activities. The 10 line is that you must get moving and do an activity， despite your fears and the voice inside your head 11 ‘I can’t’，" said Iseman.
On August 2， the riders were over halfway through their three-month ride. They are being 12 by local news stations and podcasters along the way， 13 to get the word out and to raise money for research. "The rewards of riding are 14 ， being great for mind， body， and mood. You just feel the freedom and 15 coming back，" said Iseman.
两名患有帕金森的加拿大自行车骑手参加了8 000公里自行车骑行，他们想要激励其他帕金森患者骑上自行车，重新发现生活中的自由和快乐。
1. A. source B.cause
C. identity D. occasion
解析 B 由语境可知，他们的骑行是为了筹钱做慈善，故选B，a good cause意为"慈善事业"。
2. A. instruct B. enable
C. allow D.inspire
解析 D 此处说的是"这个充满活力的团队希望激励（inspire）其他帕金森患者骑上自行车，重新发现生活中的自由和快乐"，故选D。
3. A. kicked off B. put up
C. crossed off D. picked up
解析 A 这两个人在2022年6月25日开始（kicked off）了自行车之旅，故选A。
4.A. fit B. weak
C. serious D. injured
解析 A 此处说的是"在被诊断患有早期帕金森之前，他们的身体都很健康（fit）"，故选A。
5. A. accustoming B. adapting
C. abandoning D. applying
解析 C 此处说的是"他们没有让自己沉浸在悲伤中，而是决心保持活跃"，故选C，abandon oneself to...意为"让自己沉浸在……之中"。
6. A. careful B. curious
C. afraid D. proud
解析 C 此处表达的是"此外，知道帕金森患者往往害怕（afraid）骑自行车且生活在孤独中，他们想在骑行过程中传达这样的信息：相信自己，你比你想象的更有能力"，故选C。
7. A. option B. method
C. situation D. message
解析 D 参见上题解析。message信息。
8. A. different B. capable
C. creative D. sensitive
解析 B 参见第6题解析。capable有能力的。
9. A. suit B. challenge
C. bear D. transform
解析 A 由"there are so many other activities"可知，此处说的是"如果骑行不适合你，你可以选择其他的活动"，故选A。
10. A. beginning B. central
C. ceiling D. bottom
解析 D 此处说的是"关键是，你必须动起来，做一种活动，尽管你害怕，尽管你脑子里的声音坚持说‘我做不到’"，选D。
11. A. recalling B. complaining
C. insisting D. trembling
解析 C 参见上题解析。insist 坚持说。
12. A. interrupted B.interviewed
C. annoyed D. investigated
解析 B 由空后的"by local news stations and podcasters along the way"可知，两人接受了当地新闻电台和播客的采访，故选B。
13.A. hoping B. pretending
C. failing D. refusing
解析 A 一路上，他们接受了当地新闻电台和播客的采访，希望（hoping）能把这一消息传出去，并为研究筹集资金。
14. A. insignificant B. improper
C. boundless D. fruitless
解析 C 这里指的是骑行的好处是无限的（boundless），故选C。
15. A. justice B. fame
C. status D. joy
解析 D 由文章第一段中的"people with Parkinson’s to get on their bikes and rediscover freedom and joy in life"可知，空处所填词指的是喜悦，故选D。
三、语法填空
[2024广东深圳10月月考]The term "Special Forces-style Tourism" 1 （gain） popularity on China’s social media platforms lately. It refers to the recent trend among young people who want to visit as many scenic 2 （spot） as possible while spending the least time and money.
When it comes to 3 major expense of travel， namely accommodation， Chinese "special forces" have their own solutions. Some young travelers choose to stay overnight 4 private rooms at 24-hour chain restaurants like Haidilao hot pot. Others prefer to spend the night on forms of transportation， such as taking sleeper trains.
According to a travel report 5 （release） by Tongcheng Travel， during this year’s Labor Day holiday， the domestic 6 （consume） in tourism market experienced a boom. Peak daily orders for hotels， attractions， and transportation outweighed those of the peak day during this year’s Spring Festival.
Opinions on this new hit 7 （divide）. Some young people are keen to practice this high-intensity travel style with their good physical fitness. Some criticize that it is meaningless，8 （state） that one could spend two or three days just exploring the Forbidden City， and they do not understand 9 students can thoroughly visit ten attractions in just 48 hours. Meanwhile， some believe this kind of traveling is 10 （simple） an expression of youthful impulse.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是"特种兵式旅游"的特点以及人们对这种旅行方式的不同看法。
1.has gained 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，所填词作谓语。由时间状语lately可知，此处应使用现在完成时，且gain与句子主语The term "Special Forces-style Tourism"之间为主动关系，故填has gained。
2.spots 考查名词的数。所填词作宾语。由空前的many可知，空格处填spots。
3.the 考查冠词。此处的"费用"特指旅行的主要费用，所以此处应使用定冠词the。
4.in 考查介词。in private rooms表示"在私人房间"。
5.released 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。release与a travel report之间为被动关系，且非谓语所表示动作已完成，故填released。
6.consumption 考查名词。由空前的形容词可知，空处需要填不可数名词consumption（消费）。
7.are divided 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，所填词作谓语。由语境可知，此处是在陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时；divide与句子主语Opinions on this new hit之间为被动关系，故填are divided。
8.stating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词应为非谓语动词。state与Some之间为主动关系，且此处表示伴随状况，所以空格处填stating。
9.how 考查宾语从句。所填词引导宾语从句，表示方式，故填how。
10.simply 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，所填词作状语，修饰谓语部分，故用副词simply。Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023全国乙]It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising （advertise） campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
点拨
本句是一个强调句，被强调的部分是"thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign"。句意：多亏了这些电视节目的厨师们，而不是任何广告宣传活动，英国人正在对双素炖肉和预制菜失去兴趣，且在烹饪习惯上变得更有冒险精神。
2.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich， Switzerland， has found how and why this trend arose （arise）.
点拨
此处表示"已经发现这个趋势如何出现以及为什么出现的"，所以根据句意可知，此处arise这个动作发生在has found之前，空处应该用一般过去时。应注意arise为不规则变化动词，过去式和过去分词分别为arose，arisen。
3.[2021全国甲]It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing （freeze） fog hung in the air.
4.[2021新高考Ⅰ]But that’s how nature is — always leaving us astonished （astonish）.
点拨
此处是"leave＋宾语＋宾补（形容词）"结构，表示"使……处于某种状态"，形容词描述的是宾语us的状态，应用astonished。
5.[2020北京]Pessimists， on the contrary， tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.
6.[全国Ⅰ]If you exercise out of doors， your body will learn to breathe （breath） more deeply， allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉） and your brain.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. n.山峰 B.adj.最佳的
C. adj.最大值的 D.v.达到最大值
①[2022浙江1月]For the study， 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity（心血管容量）. C
②[全国Ⅲ]But that changed when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below. A
③[江苏高考]While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life， global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放） peak. D
④[湖北高考]With every planted food，Loe noted， there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. B
2.[2023全国乙]Jacqueline Felice de Almania（c.1322）highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. v.强调
3.[2021全国乙]I’m worried I’ll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything， even my own name. v.（因害怕等）停住不动
4.[天津高考]A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. n.训练，演习
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——旅游线路推荐
[北京高考]你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择："长江之行"或者"泰山之旅"。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的线路；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。
◎写作要点
1.长江和泰山都是有着宜人风景的著名旅游景点。（pleasant，scenery）
Both the Yangtze River and Mount Tai are famous tourist attractions with pleasant scenery.
2.长江沿线的风景一定会让你惊叹。（alongside，bound，take one’s breath away）
The view alongside the river is bound to take your breath away.
3.它也是整个旅行最精彩的部分。（highlight）
It is also the highlight of the whole journey.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Jim，
I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.
Both the Yangtze River and Mount Tai are famous tourist attractions with pleasant scenery. However， personally， I prefer the Yangtze River， believing the view alongside the river is bound to take your breath away. It is also the highlight of the whole journey.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"腿部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.on shaky/trembling/tired/heavy legs 用颤抖/疲惫/沉重的双腿 2.cross one’s legs 交叉双腿 3.drag one’s heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿 4.break into a run拔腿就跑 5.go down on one’s knee（s）跪下 6.leap/spring from one’s seat从座位上跳起来 7.run for one’s life拼命逃跑 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.他努力向终点跑去，嘴巴干涩，双腿颤抖。 He struggled to run towards the finish line， with his mouth dry and his legs trembling . （with复合结构） 2.他跌坐在沙发中，双腿交叉，用拳头支着下巴，陷入沉思。 He sank in the sofa， crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist， lost in deep thought. 3.他疲惫不堪，拖着两条沉重的腿回到了家。 He dragged his heavy legs back home， tired out. 4.从电视上看到我国运动员赢得比赛的那一刻，我像火箭一样从座位上跳了起来，兴奋地手舞足蹈。 Seeing the players of our country win the game， I leaped/sprang from my seat like a rocket， dancing around with wild excitement. 5.野狗在后面追我，我拼命地跑。 I ran for my life when the wild dog was chasing me.
佳 句 1.No longer hesitating， he jumped/leaped off the truck and ran/rushed/dashed quickly towards the house.他不再犹豫，跳下卡车，飞快地朝房子跑去。 2.He fell over， flat on his back with his legs wide.他摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。 3.Jenny walked slowly to the front，with her legs trembling and her heart bumping nearly out of her chest.珍妮两腿发抖慢慢地走上前去，心都快跳出来了。
