Unit 4 Body Language
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. gesture n.手势；姿势；姿态
2. witness vt.目击；见证n.目击者；证人
3. barrier n.隔阂；障碍
4. incident n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
5. pose n.故作姿态；姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成（威胁、问题等）
6. bend vt.&vi.（使）弯曲；倾斜；偏向
7. reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
8. lower vt.把……放低；减少；降低adj.下面的；较小的
9. stare vi.盯着看；凝视n.凝视
10. ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧
11. merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
12. bother vi.&vt.费心；因……操心vt.打扰n.麻烦；不便
13. weep vi.&vt.哭泣；流泪
14. conflict n.矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. interact vi.交流；相互影响 → interaction n.交流；相互影响
2. vary vi.（根据情况）变化；改变 → variety n.变化；多样化 → various/varied adj.各种各样的
3. appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 → appropriately adv.适当地
4. approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过 → approval n.同意；赞成 → disapprove vi.&vt不同意vt.不批准
5. employ vt.使用；应用；雇用 → employer n.雇主 → employee n.雇员；雇工 → employment n.雇用；使用；就业
6. differ vi.相异；不同于 → different adj.不同的 → difference n.差异；不同
7. favour vt.较喜欢；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同 → favourable adj.赞成的；有利的→ favourite adj.特别受喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人（或事物）
8. anger n.愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒 → angry adj.愤怒的；生气的 → angrily adv.愤怒地；生气地
9. rely v.依赖；依靠 → reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
10. slight adj.轻微的；细小的 → slightly adv.略微；稍微
11. assess vt.评估；评价 → assessment n.评价；评定
12. bare adj.赤裸的；勉强的 → barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
13. occupy vt.占据；占用 → occupation n.工作；职业；占领 → occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的
14. distract vt.分散（注意力）；使分心 → distraction n.使人分心的事物
15. distinguish vi.&vt.区分；辨别 → distinguished adj.著名的；杰出的
16. anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕 → anxious adj.焦虑的；渴望的 → anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地
17. embarrass vt.使窘迫；使为难 → embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的 → embarrassing adj.令人难堪的；令人尴尬的 → embarrassment n.窘迫；尴尬
18. adjust vt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；（使）习惯 → adjustment n.调整；适应 → adjustable adj.可调节的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.demonstrate vt. 表现；表达；说明；证明
2.identical adj. 相同的
3.bow vi. 鞠躬；点头 vt. 低（头） n. 弓；蝴蝶结
4.fake adj. 假装的；假的；冒充的
5.trial n.&v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用
6.internal adj. 内部的；里面的
7.clarify vt. 阐明；澄清
8.tick vt. 给（试卷、问题等）打钩号 vi. （钟表）发出嘀嗒声 n. 钩号
9.imply vt. 意味着；暗示
10.perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解
11.inquire （＝enquire） vi.&vt. 询问；打听
12.ultimately adv. 最终；最后
13.intervene vi. 干预；介入
14.react vi. （对……）起反应；回应
ponent n. 组成部分；零件
16.tone n. 语气；腔调；口吻
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. by contrast 相比之下
2. by comparison （与……）相比较
3. make inferences 推理；推断
4. break down 消除；分解；打破
5. straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6. in other words 换句话说；也就是说
7. call on 访问；要求；正式邀请
8. at work 有某种影响；在工作
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.For example， making eye contact — looking into someone’s eyes — in some countries is a way to display interest . （a way to do sth.）
例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流——看着某人的眼睛——是表达兴趣的一种方式。
2.Of course， not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class . （部分否定）
当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。
3. While it is easy to perceive when students are interested， bored， or distracted ， it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. （while引导的让步状语从句）
尽管很容易察觉学生们何时（对讲课）感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
4.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities， when to intervene， and when to talk to students individually ， so they can all get the most out of school. （疑问词＋不定式）
他们的肢体语言让我知道何时该调整课堂活动，何时去干预，何时与学生单独谈话，好让他们都能在学校收获最大。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Recent years have witnessed （见证） the dramatic development of Henan Province.
2.Such incidents （事件） can be very dangerous and require urgent attention.
3.He throws his hands open in a gesture （姿势） which clearly indicates his relief.
4.The survey revealed （显示） that many companies were running down stocks instead of making new products.
5.Sorry to bother （打扰） you， but there’s a call for you on Line 2.
6.The litter was blown around by the wind as I bent over to pick it up.
7.What many children want to do after school is to pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours.
8.She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
9.She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
10.As a matter of fact， it is not merely a job， but a way of life.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.In her thirties， she distinguished herself as an athlete. Later， she became a distinguished coach. （distinguish）
2.He strongly disapproves of the construction of the stadium， but the project has the government’s stamp of approval . （approve）
3.The government is aiming at full employment and appeals to local employers to employ more employees . （employ）
4.They are twin sisters. It’s hard to tell the difference between them in appearance. However， they are different from each other in habits and they also differ from each other in many other ways.（differ）
5.The seat of the car is adjustable ， so you can adjust it according to your height. But be careful to ensure safety when you make the adjustment . （adjust）
6.The theme park， where there arevarious/varied kinds of amusement facilities， offers a variety of things to play with. Many visitors， whose ages vary between 3 and 60， go to the park to have fun.（vary）
7.Jackie is experiencing high levels of anxiety and can’t sleep at night. So his parents are anxious for him. They anxiously wait for a psychologist to help their son.（anxiety）
8.The embarrassing scene made me embarrassed . I went bright pink with embarrassment . （embarrass）
9.History is myfavourite subject so I decide to major in history in college. My parents are in favour of my decision.（favour）
10.I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions . The kids， the housework， and the video games keep distracting me from my work. （distract）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
by contrast make inferences break down
straighten up in other words call on
1.She failed the exam again. By contrast ， her sister did it very well.
2.Scott and his team got into a difficult situation because their sledges（雪橇） broke down .
3. Straighten up slowly， then repeat the exercise ten times.
4.He is a man who you can trust. In other words ， he is a reliable man.
5.You can make inferences about the results according to the clues of the story.
6.I am writing to call on all of you to make efforts to protect the ocean.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.抖音因各种短视频而越来越被青少年所接受。看短视频是消磨时间的一个方法。（a way to do sth.）
TikTok is becoming increasingly accepted by teenagers due to its various short videos. Watching them can be a way to kill time .
2.最近的一项调查显示，并非所有学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。（部分否定）
A recent survey shows that not all the students take physical exercise in their spare time.
3.社交媒体虽然使我们的生活更加便利，但也有一些负面影响。（while引导的让步状语从句）
While it makes our life more convenient ， social media has some negative effects.
4.如何让孩子远离电脑游戏已成为许多家长迫切要解决的问题。（疑问词＋不定式）
How to get children away from computer games has become an urgent problem for many parents.Unit 4 Body Language
The significance of nonverbal communication can’t be ignored. Appropriate gestures can be very useful for interaction.
By comparison with verbal communication， body language is more genuine because it can reveal our internal thoughts and feelings. But body language is not always reliable. People may adjust their expressions to hide their true feelings. For example， a fake smile can be employed to hide feelings like being ashamed or embarrassed. Therefore， we should distinguish real feelings from body language wewitness with care.
Generally， body language is universal. For example， a sincere smile can break down language barriers， but some gestures vary from culture to culture. To greet others， some may shake hands or bow from the waist while others favour kissing people on the cheek. Besides， an identical gesture may demonstrate different meanings. For example， thumbs up， the widely recognized sign to approve， is actually interpreted as highly offensive in certain countries. To avoid conflicts， we must learn about the gestures before we call on somebody in a new place.
1 varyvi.（根据情况）变化；改变；（大小、形状等）相异
1.[北师必修①－1]I also shop for various （vary） things online， such as books， computer hardware and other necessities.
2.When the explorers first set foot on the continent of North America， the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety （vary） of wildlife.
3.Rooms vary in size and some are equipped with a television and telephone.
4.学校有各种各样的俱乐部，鼓励学生发展兴趣爱好。 （兴趣爱好）
→① The school has various clubs ， encouraging students to develop their interests. （various）
→② There is a variety of clubs/There are varieties of clubs in the school to encourage students to develop their interests. （variety）
5.对这件事的看法因人而异。
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. （vary）
点拨
本句可用于观点类书面表达的写作中，后面跟some... others...，用来介绍不同或对立的观点。
★vary from...to... 根据……的不同而变化 vary from...to/vary between...and...从……到……不等 vary in... 在……方面不同 vary with... 随……而变化 ★various adj.各种各样的 ★variety n.不同种类；变化；多样化 a variety of＝varieties of＝various 各种各样的
2 approvevi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
1.Many youngsters（少年） now measure their status by how much public approval （approve） they get online， often through "likes".
2.Some of them approve of the idea that it is good to start learning English in childhood. 3.Her parents approved of her earning （earn） money in her spare time， warning her not to neglect her studies.
4.如果我的申请能得到您的批准，我将不胜感激。 （申请信）
I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval.
点拨
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。注意主从句都要用一般过去时，表示委婉的请求。
★approve of... 赞成……；同意…… approve of （sb./sb.’s） doing sth. 同意/赞成（某人）做某事 ★disapprove v.不同意 approval n.同意；赞成；批准
3 witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证 n.目击者；证人
1.The Ancient Silk Road is a witness to the Sino-European exchanges over thousands of years.
2.警方呼吁凡是目击这一事件的人都要与他们联系。
Police have called on anyone who witnessed the incident to contact them.
3.过去的几十年见证了在线新闻媒体的快速发展。
→ ① The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media. （witness v.）
→② The past decades have been a witness to the rapid development of online news media. （witness n.）
★witness sth. 目击/目睹某事 ★be （a） witness to sth. 目击；看见；见证 bear/give witness to为……作证；证明
4 favourvt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同
1.I generally favour running （run） in the early morning， when the roads are quiet.
2.It gave me a big thrill to meet my favourite （favour） author in person.
3.毋庸置疑，机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。 （读后续写之主旨升华）
Undoubtedly，opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready .
4.我们真诚地希望你能帮我们一个忙，把我们英语课本上的一个故事改编成短剧。
（求助信）
We sincerely hope you can do us a favour and help adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play.
★favour doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 ★do sb. a favour帮某人的忙 ask sb. a favour＝ ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙 in favour of 赞成；支持 ★favourableadj.有利的；良好的；赞成的 favouriteadj.特别受喜爱的
5 distinguishvi.&vt.区分；辨别 vt.使出众；使著名
1.[人教选必④－1]It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future.
2.No one will ever know what mix of talent， ambition， energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished （distinguish） writer.
3.杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名，每年都有大批游客前来游览。 （景点介绍）
Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. （witness，过去分词短语作状语）
4.读好书不仅能丰富我们的思想，还能教会我们辨别是非。（演讲稿）
Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.
★distinguish... from... 使……有别于……；从……区分…… distinguish between...and... 区分……和…… distinguish oneself （as/by...）（作为/因……）出众；著名 be distinguished for/as... 因为/作为……而著名 ★distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的
6 ashamedadj.羞愧；惭愧；因惭愧而不情愿
1.I really felt ashamed of myself failing to lend a hand to my neighbour when he asked me a favour.
2.Every student should keep in mind that it’s wrong and shameful （shame） to cheat in exams！
3.I am ashamed to admit （admit） that I lied to my best friend.
4.That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it’s a shame that I don’t have much use for it.
5.我既尴尬又羞愧，无法集中精力做任何事情。 （读后续写之心理描写）
Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything. （形容词作状语）
★be/feel ashamed of... 为……感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事；不情愿做某事 ★shame n.羞耻；惭愧；让人遗憾的事 It is a shame that... 真可惜…… ★shameful adj.可耻的；不体面的
7 adjustvt.调整；调节 vi.&vt.（使）适应；（使）习惯
1.Flexible people are highly adaptable and can adjust quickly to new situations.
2.Some schools will have to make adjustments （adjust） in agreement with the national soccer reform.
点拨
in agreement with意为"同意，与……一致"，"in＋名词＋with"可看作复合介词，类似的词很多。例如：in common with 与……有共同之处；in company with与……一起；in comparison with 与……比较。
3.Adjust your language to the age of your audience.
4.So after the camp， I realised that it was very important to adjust my lifestyle （调整我的生活方式非常重要）.
5.作为交换生，我花了很长时间才适应澳大利亚的生活。
→①As an exchange student， it took me a long time to adjust to living in Australia .（take， adjust to）
→②As an exchange student， I spent a long time adjusting myself to the life in Australia .（spend， adjust oneself to sth.）
★adjust...to... 调整……以适应…… adjust to （doing）sth. 习惯/适应（做）某事 adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应某事 ★adjustment n.调整；适应 make adjustments/an adjustment （to...）（对……）做出调整 ★adjustable adj.可调节的
8 breakdown打倒，砸破；（使）分解；（机器）损坏，出故障；（谈判等）失败，突然停止；被搞垮，垮掉；消除
结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
1.[外研必修②－6]It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down， but much less time for paper. （使）分解
2.[外研选必③－4]That’s an old facility. The robots there were bound to break down sooner or later. 出故障
3.A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologise， to greet someone， to ask for help， or to start a conversation. 消除
4.News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. （谈判等）失败
5.His health has completely broken down under the stress of heavy work. 垮掉
9 callon（短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请
1.[外研必修②－6]We are writing this letter to call on everyone to take part in the Clear Your Plate campaign.
点拨
call on sb. to do sth. 结构可用于倡议类书面表达的写作中。
2.The conference had been eventually called off ， so we went home instead.
3.Working in space calls for a special combination of skill， talent and bravery as well as physical and mental strength.
4.Cars with serious faults have been called in by the manufacturers.
★call off 取消 call up 给……打电话；使想起 call at sp. 访问/拜访（某地）；停靠 call for需要；（公开）要求 call in 叫来；打来电话；下令收回
10 部分否定
1.虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。
→①While online shopping has changed our life， not all of its effects have been positive .（not修饰主语）
→②While online shopping has changed our life， all of its effects haven’t been positive .（not修饰谓语）
2.遗憾的是，并不是每个人都意识到野生动物有平等的生存权利。
→①Unfortunately， not everyone has realised that wildlife has equal rights to survive. （not修饰主语）
→②Unfortunately， everyone has not realised that wildlife has equal rights to survive. （not修饰谓语）
点拨
在部分否定结构中，not既可以修饰主语，也可以修饰谓语，not的位置不影响意义的表达。
3.科学家们提出了许多关于人类为什么哭的理论，但都没有得到证实。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry， none of which has been proved . （"代词＋of which"引导的定语从句）
4.汤姆请杰克和彼得和他一起去听音乐会，但他们都不想去。
Tom asks Jack and Peter to go to the concert with him， but neither （of them） wants to .
点拨
both of them don’t want to表示"并非两人都想去"，即一个人不想去。
★部分否定： all，everybody，everything，both，always等代词或副词与not连用，表示"并非都是，不是每个都是"。 ★全部否定： （1）否定词not＋any/anybody/anything/anywhere等； （2）表示全部否定意义的词（no， never， none， nobody， nothing， no one， neither等）＋表示肯定意义的谓语。
词根-act-
从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
1.[人教选必③－3]Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions ， this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.
2.[人教选必②－1]Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming.
3.Encouraged by the positive reaction of the audience， I continued to play the piano and enjoyed it more.
4.Rowan Atkinson is an English actor ， whom we know best as Mr Bean.
5.Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.Unit 4 Body Language
一、阅读理解
A
[2024安徽皖江名校阶段考]Body language is an essential part of communication and can be just as important as our spoken language exchanges. Body language can be both conscious and unconscious actions， so it is important to make sure your body is sending the same messages as your words to ensure good communication. These actions can strengthen the verbal（口头的）messages you’re sending， and they can also lead to mistrust or confusion — signs of poor communication and misunderstanding.
Body language can make interacting with others and expressing yourself much easier， but it can also introduce new challenges. Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don’t want others to know. For example， bad posture or fidgeting（坐立不安） may communicate lack of confidence， something we may not intend others to know about us. But body language can strengthen our verbal messages and solidify what we are telling others. Facing someone with eye contact or taking notes while someone is speaking can communicate genuine interest. Without these signs， teachers may not be able to assess a student’s understanding.
When you’re speaking sincerely， it’s natural for your body language to respond to your words through gestures or facial expressions. We also use gestures in conversations to tell stories or describe objects， often using hand signals to show how big or small something is. These are largely unconscious， naturally occurring forms of body language.
It can be difficult to communicate confidence in your actions when you may not feel it internally. When you display confident body language， such as good posture or eye contact， even if you’re making a conscious effort， it can help you feel more confident. When speaking to others， practice controlling impulses to fidget and planting your feet confidently to increase self-esteem.
本文为说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在生活中的作用。
1. What can we learn from paragraph 1？
A. Body language can be misleading.
B. Body language is unconscious for most of the time.
C. Body language always shows your real meaning.
D. Body language is more important than verbal messages.
解析 A 推理判断题。由第一段中的"These actions can strengthen the verbal（口头的） messages you’re sending， and they can also lead to mistrust or confusion — signs of poor communication and misunderstanding"可推知，本题选A。
2. Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 2？
A. To show body language can help us all the time.
B. To tell body language can show the true side of us.
C. To explain how challenging it is to read body language.
D. To tell teachers how to assess a student’s understanding.
解析 B 推理判断题。由第二段中的"Some nonverbal signs unintentionally communicate parts of ourselves that we don’t want others to know"可推知，本题选B。
3. What does the author intend to tell in the last two paragraphs？
A. Hand signals are essential ways to make ourselves understood.
B. Naturally occurring forms of body language makes us confident.
C. Proper body language can help us a lot in gaining confidence.
D. When speaking to others， try your best to hide your body language.
解析 C 推理判断题。由最后两段的内容不难得知，适当的肢体语言能让我们展现自信的一面，由此可推知，适当的肢体语言有助于我们变得自信，故选C项。
4. What can be a suitable title for the text？
A. Knowing Your Friends Through Body Language
B. Understanding Others Through Body Language
C. Being Smart in Showing Your Body Language
D. Helping Communicate with Body Language
解析 D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了肢体语言在帮助我们沟通方面所起的作用，故D项做文章的标题最佳。
B
[2024辽宁沈阳市郊联体10月月试]As an actor， you’ve heard it before： Your body is your instrument. Just as a guitar player or a violinist needs to often fine-tune（微调） their instrument， you need to do the same. Here， let’s break down everything you should learn about body language exercises for actors， as well as why they’re necessary in the first place for you to enhance your acting skills.
Body language is the most emotive form of communication after verbal speech. You can learn so much about what’s going on inside based on what’s being externalized. Think about how some entertainment magazines often ask a "body language expert" to analyze a photo of a celebrity couple. However legit（合法的） or not that person’s expertise may be， there are many tells（不经意的动作） when it comes to body language.
By that same reasoning， think about how much an audience can learn about a character based on the actor’s body language. You can communicate subconscious（潜意识的） information about your role without saying a word. These exercises will put you in touch with your body and make you more aware of what you’re expressing to the outside world. They can help you get into the physicality of your character so that you can understand them inside and out.
Each performer is different and may have their preferable body language exercise. Take gait exercises for example. How a character walks is especially telling； it’s literally how they move through the world. An individual’s way of walking can also change depending on how they’re feeling at the moment： excited， sad， scared， etc. Have a bash at different walking styles to show the person you’re playing. Besides， you can write the gestures. This one is actually a writing exercise， but it will still come in handy when we construct a performance. Write out a short scene between two characters who have an entire conversation using only their body language.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了演员进行肢体语言练习的必要性。
1. What does the author mean by citing "Your body is your instrument"？
A. Keeping healthy needs proper exercise.
B. Learning some music is necessary for actors.
C. Perfecting physical expression is important for actors.
D. Improving performing skills needs professional guidance.
解析 C 推理判断题。由第一段中的"Your body is your instrument. Just as a guitar player or a violinist needs to often fine-tune（微调） their instrument， you need to do the same"可知，吉他手和小提琴手微调乐器很重要。那么作者引用"你的身体是你的乐器"是想说明完善肢体表达对演员来说很重要，故选C。
2. What can we learn about body language from the example in Paragraph 2？
A. It is presented in various ways.
B. It gives us lots of information.
C. It hides deepest feelings.
D. It is likely to be ignored.
解析 B 推理判断题。由第二段中的"You can learn so much about what’s going on inside based on what’s being externalized. Think about how some entertainment magazines often ask a ‘body language expert’ to analyze a photo of a celebrity couple. However legit（合法的） or not that person’s expertise may be，there are many tells（不经意的动作） when it comes to body language"可知，肢体语言给我们很多信息，故选B。
3. What is the benefit of taking body language exercises for actors？
A. Get them into the character they’re playing.
B. Inspire their greater passion for acting.
C. Help them realize their inner body.
D. Help them get more performing chances.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第三段中的"These exercises will put you in touch with your body and make you more aware of what you’re expressing to the outside world. They can help you get into the physicality of your character so that you can understand them inside and out"可知，做肢体语言练习对演员的好处是能够让演员进入所扮演的角色，故选A。
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined part "Have a bash at"in Paragraph 4？
A. Make out. B. Adapt to.
C. Try out. D. Bring up.
解析 C 词义猜测题。由最后一段中的"different walking styles to show the person you’re playing"可知，此处指的是"尝试不同的走路方式来展示你所扮演的角色"，因此，画线短语的意思应该是"尝试"，故选C。
二、七选五
[2023重庆实验外国语学校三模]With offices slowly re-opening， we may soon be expected to go back to interviewing in the old-fashioned way — in person. During an interview， your main job is to sell yourself as a confident and capable asset. But how can you do that？ One thing you should do is think about your body language. 1
●Give a good handshake but not too good. We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because one that is too soft can make you appear weak or shy. 2 You should avoid that. Instead， conduct a proper one to make both the interviewers and you comfortable.
●Watch your posture（姿势） and maintain eye contact. 3 Nothing conveys disinterest and lack of confidence like a slouch（懒散的人）. And remember that although it may feel uncomfortable at times， eye contact is also key — especially while the other person is talking.
● 4 If you keep putting your hands on or near your face， it can send the message that you’re not comfortable with what you’re saying. When you’re not gesturing， put your hands in your lap. And don’t forget to smile — a smile not only conveys warmth， receptivity and positivity， it also helps reduce stress.
●Listen actively and try using the mirroring technique. Active listening is a key part of any interview. 5 Mirroring or copying someone’s body language is also a powerful way to convey connection. Face your interviewers directly， sit in the same position and try to match the pace and volume of their talk.
A. Don’t gesture but smile.
B. But there is such a thing as too firm.
C. And here are some common red flags to avoid.
D. Keep your hands away from your face and smile.
E. This may seem obvious but it bears repeating： Sit up straight.
F. By doing so， you indicate to the interviewers that they have your full attention.
G. Here are a few ways to use body language to your advantage in your job interview.
本文主要介绍了几个有助于面试的肢体语言技巧。
1.G G项放在此处既能承接上文，又能统领下文。
2.B B项与空前的"We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because one that is too soft can make you appear weak or shy"之间为转折关系，B项中的firm与该句中的firm吻合；而且，空格后句子中的that指的是B项中的there is such a thing as too firm。
3.E E项中的Sit up straight是Watch your posture的具体表现，且与空后句子中的 a slouch在感彩上对立。
4.D D项放在此处可以充当空格所在段的主题句。D项中的Keep your hands away from your face与空后句子中的you keep putting your hands on or near your face相照应，D项中的smile与下文中的"And don’t forget to smile"相照应。
5.F Active listening是they have your full attention的具体表现，且F项中的doing so指的便是Active listening。
三、完形填空
[2024广东梅州开学考]Little Oliver was Mason and Rebecca’s miracle child. Rebecca suffered three miscarriages（流产） before Oliver was born. When they were still in extreme 1 ， Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound. After examinations it was confirmed that Oliver was born 2 .
Facing such a blow， Mason and Rebecca never felt 3 . A few weeks later， Oliver got his first hearing aid. Despite several 4 ， Oliver could at last hear！ Rebecca and Mason were delighted.
Three years passed， and it was time to send Oliver to 5 . But on the first day Oliver returned home 6 ， "I don’t want to go to school...I have no friends..."
One day， Rebecca and Mason were called to the school， where Oliver’s teacher， Sophia told them Oliver never 7 with his classmates. He was afraid that his classmates would 8 him over his deafness. Though Sophia talked to him again， he was 9 to communicate.
Rebecca and Mason told her their son was 10 for friendship inside. Sophia decided they had to do something to help Oliver out of his 11 . They made a plan and put it into action on his sixth birthday. Oliver 12 his classroom and found it decorated with balloons. He was surprised and sat in his chair， 13 what was happening. Suddenly， all his classmates marched inside. They all wore colorful birthday caps and smiled at him. Oliver’s eyes rose with tears as he watched them sing a happy birthday song in 14 . They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy and make him feel 15 . Oliver was touched. It was a wonderful feeling to be surrounded by friends.
天生失聪的Oliver不想上学，在学校没朋友。后来，他的老师和同学们为他精心准备了生日手势歌曲。Oliver觉得自己终于成了班里的一员。
1. A. sorrow B. happiness
C. surprise D. loss
解析 B Oliver是他的爸爸妈妈好不容易才拥有的小孩，所以在他出生后，爸爸妈妈应是沉浸在幸福之中。sorrow悲伤，happiness幸福，surprise惊奇，loss失去。B项切题。
2. A. dumb B. blind
C. deaf D. one-handed
解析 C 由上文中的"Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound"可知，Oliver对声音没有反应，由此判断，Oliver天生失聪，故选C。第8空后的deafness也是提示。
3.A. discouraged B. annoyed
C. embarrassed D. complicated
解析 A 尽管Oliver天生失聪，但他的爸爸妈妈却从未气馁。discouraged气馁的，annoyed恼怒的，embarrassed尴尬的，complicated复杂的。A项切题。
4. A. operations B. tests
C. worries D.difficulties
解析 D 由语境和常识可知，尽管遇到了一些困难，但Oliver终于听见了。operation手术，test测试，worry令人担忧的事，difficulty困难。D项切题。
5. A. school B. hospital
C. station D. work
解析 A 由下文中的"I don’t want to go to school"可知，到了Oliver上学的时候，故选A。
6. A. laughing B. crying
C. adding D. explaining
解析 B 由下文中的"I don’t want to go to school... I have no friends..."可知，Oliver在学校里过得很不开心，所以到家后他应是哭了，故选B。
7. A. debated B. agreed
C. studied D.interacted
解析 D Oliver害怕同学们笑话他耳聋，所以不愿意和同学们交流，故选D，interact表示"交流，沟通"。由第9空后的communicate也可得出答案。
8. A. punish B. scold
C. complain about D.laugh at
解析 D 参见上题解析。
9.A. unwilling B. cautious
C. confused D. unable
解析 A 由语境可知，Oliver不愿与他人交流，故此处指尽管他的老师再次与他谈话，他还是不愿交流，所以选A。unwilling不愿意，cautious谨慎的，confused困惑的，unable不能的。
10. A. grateful B. desperate
C. responsible D. concerned
解析 B 由语境可知，Oliver表面上不愿与他人交流，但是内心还是希望有朋友的，故选B。be desperate for渴望得到……。
11. A. doubt B. failure
C. insecurity D. reach
解析 C 由上文可知，Oliver内心渴望友谊，但是又害怕别人笑话他，所以他缺乏安全感，故选C。doubt怀疑，failure失败，insecurity没安全感，reach影响范围。
12. A. locked B. cleaned
C. entered D. designed
解析 C 此处表示Oliver进入教室，故选C。enter进入。
13. A. confirming B. concluding
C. ignoring D. wondering
解析 D 结合常识可以推断，他想知道发生了什么事，故选D。confirm证实，conclude结束，ignore忽视，wonder想知道。
14.A. gestures B. experiments
C. deeds D. words
解析 A 由下文中的"They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy"可知，Oliver的同学们学习了手势语，所以他们的生日歌是用手势语来表演的，故选A。
15. A. independent B. sensible
C. included D. praised
解析 C 由语境可知，Oliver的同学学习手势语就是为了让他觉得自己也是班级的一员，故选C。included被包含的，包括在内的。Unit 4 Body Language
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety （vary）， including basic bikes with foot brake （刹车）， bikes with hand brake and gears （排挡）， bikes with child seats， and children’s bikes.
2.[2023全国乙]According to a new study from market analysts， 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different （differ） food.
点拨
分数表达：1 in 5/one in five， 20％， 20 percent， a/one fifth。
3.[2023浙江1月]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads， but also outside， in society， in social memory， social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.
4.[2022北京]For almost a year I struggled on， constantly staring at this wall that faced me.
5.[2022北京]My name is Alice. Early last year， I was troubled by an anxiety （anxious）that crippled（削弱） my ability to do anything.
点拨
anxiety在此表示"担心，害怕"，为可数名词。anxiety常见的含义为"忧虑，焦虑，不安"，为不可数名词。
6.[2022浙江1月]To frame his story， Klein creates the character of Ned， a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime.
点拨
句意：为了构建他的故事，克莱恩塑造了奈德这个角色。奈德是一个虚构的见证者，见证了一个人一生中由蒸汽和美国电力革命带来的进步。
7.[2020浙江1月]"I’m going to miss you so much， Poppy，" said the tall， thin teenager. He bent （bend） down to hug his old friend goodbye.
8.[2020全国Ⅰ]We are often ashamed （shame）of our shortcomings， our mistakes and our failures.
9.[2020天津]Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter， especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
10.[浙江高考]They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. v.造成（威胁、问题等） B. v.摆好姿势
C. n.姿势
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Adults are portrayed（描绘） alone in many settings and poses— absorbed in a volume， deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. C
②[2020天津]How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？ I hardly have a minute to myself. B
③[天津高考]And the story poses an interesting question： why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days， while others go to seed long before？ A
2.A. 适应 B. 整理 C. 调整
①[2021北京]The woman’s eye fell on the man’s face， and she immediately looked down and adjusted her scarf. B
②[江苏高考]Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge， especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. A
③[江苏高考]They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early， or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. C
3.[2020天津]Jones’ idea has been fully realized — the "HAPPY TO CHAT" benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. n.隔阂
4.[2021北京]By distracting（分心） the mind from the pain， music， people say， can lower stress and anxiety levels. v.降低
5.[2021天津]I now understand why my brother favoursthe quiet. v.较喜欢
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——中国人的日常肢体语言
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Robert准备来中国学习，因此想了解一些中国人的日常肢体语言。请你用英语给他写封邮件，向他介绍一些日常的肢体语言。
◎写作要点
1.有些肢体语言与你们的相同，有些则与你们的不同。（identical， differ）
Some body language is identical to yours， while some differs from yours.
2.有些人可能较喜欢点头或微笑。（favour）
Some may favour a nod or smile.
3.此外，我们点头表示赞同，摇头表示"不"。（approve）
In addition， we nod our heads to approve and shake our heads to say "no".
4.我们鞠躬以表示对他人十分尊重。（bow）
We bow to show great respect for others.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Robert，
I am glad to tell you something about some gestures in China.
Some body language is identical to yours， while some differs from yours. For example， in China， we usually greet our guests by shaking hands. Some may favour a nod or smile， but try to avoid hugging. In addition， we nod our heads to approve and shake our heads to say "no". Besides， we bow to show great respect for others.
I hope the information above will help you adjust yourself to your life in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"眼部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.stare at 盯着 2.glance at/take a glance at 瞥一眼 3.look up/around 向上看/环顾 4.look into one’s eyes 直视某人的眼睛 5.fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着 6.lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛 7.close/shut one’s eyes 闭上眼睛 8.raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.说罢，他抬眼望向窗外。 After saying this， he raised/lifted his eyes and looked out of the window . 2.她一直盯着手机，直到老师拍了拍她的肩膀，她才意识到老师正站在她面前。 With her eyes fixed/focused on the phone ， it was not until the teacher patted her on the shoulder that she realized the teacher was standing in front of her. （with复合结构） 3.听到这个好消息，她笑了起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Hearing the good news， she laughed， her eyes shining with excitement . （独立主格结构） 4.蒂娜闭上双眼，伸出手臂，准备接受注射。 Tina closed/shut her eyes ， holding out an arm for injection. 5.听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。 He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning. 6.我环顾四周，看到一个比我小的女孩。她坐在角落里，穿着旧衣服。 I looked around and saw a girl who was smaller than me. She sat in the corner， her clothes old.
佳 句 1.She turned her eyes to me when I tapped her on the shoulder. 我轻拍她的肩膀时，她把目光转向我。 2.Then he jumped up， eyes shining with excitement， and ran to fetch some of his prized Matchbox cars. 然后他跳起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒，跑去拿他那些珍贵的火柴盒玩具车。 3.His eyes were filled with tears when he recalled the quarrel with his mother. 当他回忆起和母亲的争吵时，他的眼睛里充满了泪水。 4.Suddenly， Sara sat up straight and her eyes grew wide with curiosity when a colorful car pulled up next door. 突然，萨拉坐直了身子，好奇地瞪大了眼睛，此时一辆彩色的车停在了隔壁。
