Unit 3 The Internet
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. chat vi.聊天；闲聊
2. stream vt.流播（不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频）；流出vi.流动n.小河；溪流
3. cash n.现金；金钱
4. update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息n.更新；最新消息
5. stuck adj.卡住；陷（入）；困（于）
6. surf vt.&vi.浏览；冲浪
7. charity n.慈善；慈善机构（或组织）
8. tough adj.艰难的；严厉的
9. function n.功能；作用；机能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转
10. confirm vt.确认；使确信
11. press vt.按，压；敦促
12. account n.账户；描述
13. target n.目标；对象；靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标
14. particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的
15. upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt.（过去式 upset ；过去分词 upset ）使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
16. author n.作者；作家
17. tip n.忠告；诀窍；实用的提示
18. case n.盒；箱；情况；案件
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. convenient adj.方便的；近便的 → convenience n.便利；方便 → inconvenience n.不便
2. benefit n.益处vt.使受益vi.得益于→ beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益的
3. distance n.距离 → distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；冷淡的 → distantly adv.遥远地；疏远地
4. inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考 → inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的 → inspired adj.受启发的；能力卓越的 → inspiration n.灵感；启发
5. access n.通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会vt.进入；使用；获取 → accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的
6. privacy n.隐私；私密 → private adj.私人的；秘密的 → privately adv.私下地
7. theft n.偷（窃）；盗窃罪 → thief n.小偷；贼
8. rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的 → rudely adv.粗鲁地→ rudeness n.粗鲁；无礼
9. embarrass vt.使尴尬；使窘迫→ embarrassing adj.让人难堪（尴尬；害羞）的 → embarrassed adj.感到难堪（尴尬）的 → embarrassment n.尴尬
10. familiar adj.熟悉的；熟知的 → unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 → familiarity n.熟悉；通晓
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.blog n. 博客 vi. 写博客
2.engine n. 引擎；发动机；火车头
3.identity n. 身份；个性
4.database n. 数据库；资料库
5.software n. 软件
6.network n. （互联）网络；网状系统；人际网 vt. 将……连接成网络；联播 vi. 建立工作关系
7.province n. 省
8.conference n. 会议；研讨会；正式会谈
9.resident n. 居民；（美国的）住院医生 adj. （在某地）居住的
10.plus conj. 而且；此外 n. 加号；优势 prep. 加；另加
11.battery n. 电池
12.discount n. 折扣 vt. 打折
13.false adj. 假的；错误的
14.guideline n. 准则；指导原则
15.define vt. 给……下定义；界定；解释
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. identity card 身份证
2. keep pany 陪伴某人
3. now that 既然；由于
4. go through 经历；度过；通读
5. in shape 状况良好
6. keep track of 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
7. make fun of 取笑；戏弄
8. keep （...） in mind 牢记
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1. She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. （"so ...that ..."引导结果状语从句）
她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人学习使用电脑和互联网。
2. Now that he works and can take care of himself ， his daughter has time to study at university. （now that引导原因状语从句）
由于他有工作可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间在大学学习了。
3.A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online . （in order to do）
发挑衅帖子的人指的是为了在网上挑起事端而发布评论或问题的人。
4.This app keeps you updated on all your favourite topics . （keep＋宾语＋宾补）
此应用程序可为您提供所有您最喜欢的话题的最新信息。
5.However， the more polite you are ， the less likely it is you will be attacked. （the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...）
但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.The famous person gave away most of his fortune to the charity （慈善机构） before his death.
2.It is required that we should do at least another two experiments to make sure the machine functions （运转） well.
3.Biology is my favourite subject， and my target （目标） is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university.
4.Now we can go outside without any need for cash （现金）— all we need is our mobile phone！
5.After finishing my daily work， I will update （更新） my fitness log on my phone.
6.The old farmer was very upset （心烦的） at the thought of the bear attacking his sheep.
7.In any unsafe situation， simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will offer you the help you need.
8.Many people go out of town during the holiday， so Jack is leaving early to avoid getting stuck in traffic.
9.He gave a detailed account of what happened on the unforgettable night.
10.What is polite in Asia may be extremely rude in Western countries. Here are some tips for you to have an enjoyable meal with your foreign friends.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.How can you talk to your brother so rudely ？ Go to apologize for your rudeness ！（rude）
2.It’s very convenient for me to go shopping. There is a convenience store near my home. （convenient）
3.Once， I was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldn’t remember and it also made the woman embarrassed . It was really embarrassing . （embarrass）
4.Listening to his inspiring speech， we were inspired to make great efforts. It gave us not only hope but also inspiration . （inspire）
5.Free Internet access at home is a huge step in making online education accessible to everybody. （access）
6.Everyone knows the benefit（s） of learning English and if you learn it well， it will be beneficial to your future career. It is reported that many graduates have benefited a lot from having a good command of English. （benefit）
7.Don’t read others’ private letters without permission. We should respect others’ privacy . （private）
8.I was familiar with Tom’s voice， so I recognized him immediately. His family moved to a distant city last week. He told me that he was very upset in the unfamiliar surroundings. （familiar）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
now thatgo through keep （...） in mind
keep track of make fun of in shape
1.You should keep in mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.
2.Never make fun of others when they’re crying because you may never fully understand what tough times they’ve gone through .
3. Now that you haven’t applied for an account， the website is not accessible to you.
4.Social media enable us to keep track of the current events happening in even distant places.
5.She surfed the Internet， intending to find a practical method of staying in shape .
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.我英语说得很流利，与外国运动员交流毫无困难。（"so ... that ..."引导结果状语从句）
I speak English so fluently that I have no difficulty communicating with foreign athletes.
2.既然你很喜欢中国古典文学，我确信这门课程会很适合你。（now that引导原因状语从句）
Now that you like Chinese classical literature very much ， I believe the course will be very suitable for you.
3.为了让她高兴起来，我们计划给她一个大惊喜。（in order to do）
In order to cheer her up ， we are planning to give her a big surprise.
4.我喜欢具有挑战性的工作，这使我每天都充满活力。（keep＋宾语＋宾补）
I’m fond of challenging work， which keeps me energetic every day.
5.简而言之，你在社交媒体上花费的时间越多，你可能会感到越孤独。（the＋比较级... the＋比较级...）
In short， the more time you spend on social media ， the lonelier you may feel.Unit 3 The Internet
The Internet has made our lives more convenient. We can chat online， get news updates and go shopping without cash. It has brought a lot of benefits to our lives.
Jan Tchamani suddenly got a serious illness at age 50. It upset her that she was out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keephercompany. The computer helped her gothrough the lonely and tough days and keeptrackof what was happening outside. She realized that in many cases the Internet had the function of removing the distance between people.
Greatly inspired by the people online， she started to teach older residents how to connect to a Wi-Fi network， register an online account，surf the Internet and load software. She believes that everyone should have access to the Internet. She keepsinmind that her next target is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.
1 convenientadj.方便的；近便的
1.[人教选必②－2]Leon is also amazed by the convenience （convenient） of cashless payments in China.
2.Shopping online is cheaper and much more convenient （convenient）.
3.有了许多在线课程，学生可以方便地获取各种知识。
With many online courses， it’s convenient for students to obtain various knowledge .
4.如果你方便的话，我明天下午想要去拜访你。
If it is convenient for you， I’d like to visit you tomorrow afternoon.
5.如果您能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。 （申请信）
I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience. （I would appreciate it...）
点拨
convenient/convenience常用于求助信的写作中，如：
If it’s convenient， I can come tomorrow. 方便的话，我可以明天过来。
Can you spare an hour when it’s convenient？方便时能占用您一小时时间吗？
Can you telephone/call me at your convenience to arrange a meeting？你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面？
I hope that you can reply to my letter at your convenience. 我希望你方便时能够给我回信。
★It is convenient （for sb.） to do sth. （对某人而言）做某事方便。 be convenient for sb. 对某人来说方便 ★inconvenient adj.不方便的 inconvenience n.不方便 ★convenience n.方便；便利设施 at one’s convenience 在某人方便时 at your earliest convenience 尽早；尽快
2 benefitn.益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
1.Being close to nature has proven to be beneficial （benefit） to our mental health.
2.正是你激励我养成了读书的习惯，这让我受益匪浅。 （感谢信）
→①It was you who inspired me to form the habit of reading books， which benefited me a lot .（定语从句，benefit sb.）
→②It was you who inspired me to form the habit of reading books， from which I benefited a lot . （定语从句，benefit from）
→③It was you who inspired me to form the habit of reading books， which was of great benefit to me . （定语从句，benefit n.）
★for the benefit of sb. ＝for sb.’s benefit 为了某人的利益；为帮助某人 benefit from sth. 得益于某事 benefit sb.使某人受益；对某人有用 ★beneficial adj.有利的；有用的 be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to... 对……有益
3 distancen.距离
1.[人教选必①－4]Their eyes barely move， and they always have the same distant （distance） expression on their faces.
点拨
空处修饰expression，应用形容词，此处distant表示"冷淡的"。
2.We managed to set up a telescope，through which we could see a beautiful sight in the distance.
3.Just as we were on the point of desperation， we heard a voice at/from a distance.
4.上周，我们班在离学校5千米远的一个农场里组织了一次水果采摘活动。 （活动介绍）
Last week， our class organized a fruit-picking activity on a farm 5 kilometers distant from our school .（distant）
★in the distance 在远处 at/from a distance 离一段距离；从远处 at/from a distance of... 从……远的地方 keep sb. at a distance 同某人疏远；对某人冷淡；与某人保持一定距离 ★distant adj.遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的
4 accessn.通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会 vt.进入；使用；获取
1.[外研选必②－4]The television， meanwhile， is a window on the world， giving us quick and easy access to other cultures and lifestyles.
2.A civilized society ought to make the arts accessible （access） to everyone， regardless of their background or income.
3.如今，学生更容易在网上获得好的学习资源。 （线上课程）
Nowadays， it’s easier for students to have/gain/get access to good learning resources online .
点拨
access作名词时，其后通常跟介词to。
★have/get/gain access to...拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入…… give （sb.） access to... 准许（某人）使用或接近…… ★accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 be accessible to sb.能为某人所接近或使用的
5 accountn.账户；描述；说明；账目 vt.认为是 vi.说明
1.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 （申请信）
I would greatly appreciate it if you could take my application into account/take account of my application .
2.海伦·凯勒创作的《我生活的故事》描述了她为了成为一名杰出的作家而进行的艰苦斗争。 （图书推荐）
TheStoryofMyLife，written by Helen Keller， gives an account of her hard struggle to become an outstanding writer.
3.你绝不该对父母无礼。
On no account should you be rude to your parents. （倒装句）
点拨
on no account表示否定意义，位于句首时句子要部分倒装。
4.你的勤奋和决心是你成功的原因。
It’s your diligence and determination that account for your success. （强调句型）
★take sth. into account ＝ take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑 give an account of ... 描述…… on account of 因为 on no account 决不，绝对不 ★account for 是……的原因；对……作出解释；（在数量、比例上）占 ★accountant n.会计
6 upsetadj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt.（upset，upset）使烦恼；使生气；搅乱
4.As far as I’m concerned， there is no need to get upset about/at it. Let’s just forget it ever happened.
5.It upset me to know （know） that there was only 500 in my account.
6.I am upset that you have got into the habit of staying up late.
→① It upsets me that you have got into the habit of staying up late. （it作形式主语）
→② What upsets me is that you have got into the habit of staying up late. （what引导主语从句）
★be upset about/at... 为……心烦意乱/难过 ★It upsets sb. to do sth.做某事让某人心烦意乱。 It upsets sb. that... 让某人心烦的是……
7 gothrough经历；度过；通读；通过；仔细检查；用完
4.[外研选必③－5]We must go through some difficult things if we really wish to spread our wings and fly.
5.Go over/through your writing for spelling mistakes before you contribute it to the school paper.
6.Kathy’s parents intended her to be a doctor， but she went against their will.
7.As time goes by ， I am gradually aware of what my parents have done for me.
★go ahead先走；开始做，着手干 go against反抗；违反；不利于 go by（时间）流逝 go over 复习；仔细检查 go in for爱好；参加考试（或竞赛） go up 上涨；上升 go down下跌；下降；下沉
8 keeptrackof掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
1.A sports watch can help you keep track of your fitness and exercise （了解你的健康和运动状况）.
★lose track of...不了解……的进展；失去与……的联系
2.Moving to a new city doesn’t mean losing track of old friends （意味着与老朋友失去联系）.
9 keep（...）inmind牢记
1.请牢记一个小行为可以产生巨大的影响。 （倡议）
Please keep/bear in mind that a small action can make a huge difference.
点拨
在keep/bear sth. in mind的应用中，若要牢记的内容为句子时，可以放在mind后，用that引导宾语从句，即keep/bear in mind that...。
2.有时，我发现集中精力学习很困难，这让我很焦虑。 （求助信）
Sometimes， I find it hard to fix my mind on my study ， which makes me worried. （it作形式宾语）
3.被他们的奉献精神所鼓舞，我当时就下定决心效仿他们成为一名医生。 （感悟）
Inspired by their devotion， I made up my mind to follow their example to become a doctor at that time.
4.Paul had intended to open a new account， but changed his mind at the last minute （在最后一刻改变了主意）.
★bear（...） in mind 牢记 fix one’s mind on/upon...把注意力集中在……上 make up one’s mind下定决心 change one’s mind改变主意 cross one’s mind（想法等）掠过心头，出现在脑海 lose one’s mind 某人失去理智/精神错乱 come to mind 突然记起（或想到） bring/call...to mind想起/记起……
10 so...that...引导的结果状语从句
1.Tu Youyou made such great contributions to the world that she was awarded the Nobel Prize.
2.Before the policy came out， I had so much homework that I had no time to go out with my friend.
3.我英语掌握得很好，可以毫无困难地与访客沟通。 （申请信）
→①I have such a good command of English that I can communicate with visitors without difficulty. （such...that...）
→②I have so good a command of English that I can communicate with visitors without difficulty. （so...that...）
★so...that...意为"如此……以至于……"，基本结构为： so＋＋that... ★such...that...也表示"如此……以至于……"，基本结构为： such＋＋that... ★当so/such及其后面的成分放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。
→③ So good a command of English do I have that I can communicate with visitors without difficulty. （so提前引起的部分倒装）
11 nowthat引导的原因状语从句
1.Thanks to the facial recognition technology， the thief was arrested quickly.
2.He won the competition because of his efforts rather than his luck.
点拨
because为连词，其后跟句子。because of为介词短语，其后跟名词或动名词。
3.既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我相信这个节日对你来说将是一次值得的体验。（邀请信）
Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture， I believe this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.
点拨
★引导原因状语从句的连词还有： since， because， as， considering that， given that。 ★表示原因的短语有：due to， owing to， on account of， because of， thanks to。
now that，since，because，as，for后都可跟句子，表示原因。now that强调人们已知的事实，可与since互换；because常用于回答why的提问；as语气较弱；for为并列连词，不能位于句首，表示进一步的补充说明。
词根-count-
本单元：dis-（不）＋-count-（数，计算）→不计算某些数→discount折扣；打折
ac-（对，向）＋-count-（计算，数）→对……计算清楚→account 账户；描述
拓展：
从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
1.[人教必修②－4]There are countless historic sites to explore， and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.
2.[江苏高考]It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that’s what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.
3.Customers are offered a 10％ discount if they pay cash.
4.I asked the woman behind the counter if she had any postcards and she gave me a nod.Unit 3 The Internet
一、阅读理解
A
[2023山东联考]A study from the University of Montreal and the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts， published in FrontiersinMedicine， found that regular virtual visits to museums could help seniors stay mentally active and come with a host of additional health benefits. That’s because these digital connections can make retirees feel less lonely and isolated.
Social isolation has been associated with the risks for heart disease and the decline of recognition abilities in seniors， according to a press release from the university.
The researchers investigated the potential benefits of weekly virtual visits for a three-month period. The participants were people aged 65 and older who lived in Montreal. Half of the participants took part in online visits and a discussion afterwards， while the control group did not participate in any cultural events at all. The group who participated in the virtual visits showed improvements in their quality of life. "Our study showed that art-based activity may be an effective intervention，" lead author Dr. Olivier Beauchet， a professor at the University of Montreal， said in the press release. "On a global scale， this participatory art-based activity could become a model that could be offered in museums and arts institutions worldwide to promote active and healthy aging."
The initiative reflects approaches recommended by the World Health Organization （WHO） to manage certain diseases， according to Beauchet. For instance， the WHO launched the Aging and Health Program in 2015 that included using community-based organizations to promote culture as a key component of improving health. Traditionally， these sorts of preventive health activities have taken place in schools， community centers， and workplaces. "While these are suitable locations that reach a great number of people， there are additional organizations and sectors that could become partners in public health research and practice development，" Beauchet said. "Museums are among such potential partners. They are aware of the needs of their communities and are consequently expanding the types of activities they offer."
研究表明，经常在网上参观博物馆能够帮助老年人保持精神上的活跃，并能为老年人带来其他有利于健康的好处。
【词语积累】 virtual adj.模拟的，虚拟的 be associated with...与……有关 be aware of...意识到……，知道……
1. How do seniors benefit from regular virtual visits to museums？
A. They get survival skills.
B. They develop interest inart.
C. They improve their quality of life.
D. They connect more with family.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第三段中的"The group...showed improvements in their quality of life"可知，C选项正确。
2. What can be inferred from Beauchet’s words in Paragraph 3？
A. The participants come from the whole world.
B. Museums need better cultural events.
C. Face-to-face discussion is a useful intervention.
D. Seniors should attend more art-based activities.
解析 D 推理判断题。由第三段中的"‘Our study showed that art-based activity may be an effective intervention，’ lead author Dr. Olivier Beauchet..."可知，Beauchet认为他们的研究表明基于艺术的活动可能是一种有效的干预，由此可推知老年人应该多参加一些这样的活动，故D选项正确。
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph？
A. To advocate. B. To entertain.
C. To advertise. D. To warn.
解析 A 意图推断题。由最后一段内容，尤其是"The initiative reflects approaches recommended by the World Health Organization（WHO） to manage certain diseases""Museums are among such potential partners...are consequently expanding the types of activities they offer"可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是提倡老年人经常在网上参观博物馆，故本题选A项。
4. Which may be a suitable title for the text？
A. The Aged Form a Community to Reduce Loneliness
B. Virtual Art-based Activities Bring People Together
C. Online Museum Trips Improve Seniors’ Well-being
D. Retired Individuals Pay More Visits to Museums
解析 C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲了一个新的研究发现——经常在网上参观博物馆能够帮助老年人保持精神上的活跃，并能为老年人带来其他有利于健康的好处，故C选项正确。
B
[2024山东日照校际联考]A well-known social media platform once made headlines for limiting likes in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings resulting from attaching popularity to sharing content. "This is a small step in the right direction，" says Jacqueline Sperling， a psychologist who works with the youth that experience anxiety disorders.
Social media has a reinforcing nature. The platforms are designed to be addictive and are related to anxiety， depression， and even physical illnesses. But what makes users come back for more even when it can literally make them feel sick？
"The unknown outcome and the possibility of a desired outcome can keep users engaged with the sites，" Sperling says. "When the outcome is unpredictable， the behavior is more likely to repeat." To boost self-esteem and feel a sense of belonging in their social circles， people post content with the hope of receiving positive feedback. FOMO — fear of missing out — also plays a role. Teenagers hope to keep track of friends’ activities. Missing experiences can create anxiety and depression.
The earlier teens start using social media， the greater impact the platforms have on mental health. This is especially true for females. While teen males tend to express aggression physically， females do so by excluding others and sharing hurtful comments. Social media increases the opportunity for such harmful interactions.
In addition， social media puts a distorted （扭曲的） lens on appearances and reality. When there’s a filter applied to the digital world， it can be hard for teens to tell what’s real and what isn’t， which comes at a tough time for them physically and emotionally.
We can benefit from social platforms to some extent， as they allow people to stay in touch with family and friends around the world. Still， the platforms have opened a "Pandora’s box" as they continue to evolve more quickly than we can research their impact.
In addition to limiting likes， Sperling suggests social platforms consider decreasing mass sharing. Regardless of how likely social media giants are to change their ways， though， individuals can take control of their own behavior.
本文以某社交媒体平台限制点赞开篇，分析了青少年频繁使用社交媒体的原因，呈现了社交媒体的一些不良影响。
【词语积累】 comparison n.比较 boost v.增强（信心、士气），促进 keep track of...了解……的动态，与……保持联系 aggression n.攻击性，好斗情绪
1. Why did the famous social media platform mentioned in paragraph 1 limit likes？
A. To share more content.
B. To increase its popularity.
C. To ensure teens’ well-being.
D. To reduce teens’ online time.
解析 C 推理判断题。由第一段的"in an effort to reduce the comparisons and hurt feelings"可知，限制点赞的目的在于减少攀比，减少感情上受到的伤害。第二段指出社交媒体与焦虑、抑郁，甚至身体疾病相关；同时文章的谈论对象为青少年。因此，此举有助于青少年健康地使用社交媒体以确保其身心健康，故选C。
2. Which of the following does Sperling agree with？
A. Social media’s distorted lens helps teens understand the real world.
B. Social media’s unpredictable outcome attracts frequent visits.
C. Social media is helpful to teens with anxiety and depression.
D. Social media has a greater impact on female teens than on male teens.
解析 B 推理判断题。由第三段中Sperling说的话"When the outcome is unpredictable， the behavior is more likely to repeat"可知，当结果不可预测时，行为越有可能重复，即频繁使用社交媒体，故选B。
3. What does "Pandora’s box" in paragraph 6 imply？
A. Social media can be double-edged.
B. People benefit from social platforms.
C. People get boxes of gifts from social platforms.
D. Social media opens a door for people to see the world.
解析 A 词义理解题。由第五段中的"it can be hard for teens...physically and emotionally"可知，社交媒体有弊端；由第六段中的"We can benefit from social platforms...around the world"可知，在某种程度上人们可以从社交平台中受益。由此可知，此处的"潘多拉魔盒"暗示社交媒体既有利也有弊，是把双刃剑，故选A。
4. What will the author most probably talk about next？
A. Advice on users’ controlling mass sharing.
B. Reasons for teens’ posting addictions.
C. Negative effects of harmful interactions.
D. Ways of social media giants’ management.
解析 A 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"Regardless of how likely...individuals can take control of their own behavior"可知，不管社交媒体大公司作出改变的可能性有多大，个人也可以控制自己的行为。由此可推出，接下来作者有可能会谈论关于个人如何减少大量分享的建议，故选A。
二、完形填空
[2023重庆二测]With over 125，000 followers， 34-year-old Oliver James is a star in the BookTok community. And it all started with a simple 1 ： Learn to read.
For most kids， school is a place where they can develop a relationship with learning in a 2 environment. For James， the opposite. 3 with learning and behavior disabilities made him in 4 education. "The special education system at the time was a lot more 5 on behavior than educating，" he said.
Reading 6 carried over into James’ adulthood and significantly 7 his employment opportunities and affected his self-esteem（自尊心）. However， when he and his wife decided to 8 their family to three， James became determined to change things.
Starting his journey with a book of inspirational quotes gifted by his wife， James began reading bits out loud and 9 them to TikTok. Being a motivational speaker， he would often combine his interests with his heartfelt honesty and personality. 10 will often send James more books to read in hopes for his book reviews.
But perhaps the biggest 11 has been the way reading has 12 James’ relationship with his son. In an interview， he shared that they’ve not only 13 over books but reading has proven to be a great 14 for mental health， which has helped James become a better parent. James’ new goal is to read 100 new titles by 2024 — 15 for any bookworm in this day and age.
Oliver James是一个有学习和行为障碍的人。阅读障碍一直伴随着他，并极大地影响了他的就业和生活。等他和妻子决定生孩子时，他决定改变。James开始阅读并在社交媒体上打卡，这也激励了粉丝们。粉丝们经常给他寄书读，盼望着聆听他的书评。阅读也增进了他和儿子的关系。
1. A. title B.goal
C. name D. campaign
解析 B "Learn to read"应是James自己的目标（goal）。另外，最后一段中的"James’ new goal"也是提示。
2. A. safe B. dangerous
C. crowded D. noisy
解析 A 由常识可知，学校是一个进行学习的安全（safe）之地。
3. A. Putting up B. Going up
C. Clearing up D. Growing up
解析 D 在成长（Growing up）的过程中，学习和行为障碍一直伴随着James。put up张贴，建造；go up（建筑物、墙等）被建造，上涨；clear up放晴，整理，清理。
4. A. logical B. mental
C. special D. common
解析 C 此题可通过词语复现解答。结合下文中的"The special education system at the time"可知，本题选C。
5. A. depended B. turned
C. brought D.focused
解析 D 当时的特殊教育系统更多地关注行为，故选D项。
6. A. struggles B. proposals
C. conflicts D. regrets
解析 A 分析语境可知，空处所填词与上文中的"learning and behavior disabilities"对应，故选A。
7. A. developed B. increased
C. reduced D. damaged
解析 C 结合常识和下文中的"affected his self-esteem（自尊心）"可知，阅读障碍极大地减少（reduced）了他的就业机会。
8. A. leave B. occupy
C. expand D. forgive
解析 C 文章从James小时候写起，写到了他成年，此处讲到了他结婚后的情况，他和妻子决定从二人世界发展成为三口之家。expand表示"扩大，增加"，符合语境。
9. A. commenting B.posting
C. writing D. connecting
解析 B 由上文的"a star in the BookTok community"可知，此处说的是James开始大声阅读并把视频发到（posting）TikTok上。
10. A. Fans B. Librarians
C. Speakers D. Booksellers
解析 A 由上文的"began reading bits out loud and posting them to TikTok"和下文中的"in hopes for his book reviews"可知，James的粉丝（Fans）经常寄书给他并希望听到他的书评。
11. A. weakness B. outcome
C. threat D.impact
解析 D 由语境和下文的"has helped James become a better parent"可知，此处指读书给James带来的影响（impact）。weakness虚弱，软弱，缺点，不足；outcome结果，效果；threat威胁，恐吓。
12. A. ruined B. shaped
C. ended D. saved
解析 B 由语境和下文的"has helped James become a better parent"可知，读书影响（shaped）了James和儿子之间的关系。
13. A. collapsed B. bonded
C. quarreled D. argued
解析 B 由语境和常识可知，此处在说阅读的积极影响，James和其儿子之间通过图书建立了密切的关系。bond表示"建立亲近关系，建立（与某人的）互信关系"，符合语境。
14. A. resource B. barrier
C. preference D. loan
解析 A 事实证明阅读是心理健康的一大资源（resource）。barrier障碍，障碍物；preference偏爱，爱好，喜爱；loan贷款，借款。
15. A. unrealistic B. greedy
C. ambitious D. influential
解析 C 结合常识和上文中的"to read 100 new titles by 2024"可知，在如今的时代，对任何一个书虫来说，这都是一个宏大的（ambitious）目标。unrealistic不切实际的，不实事求是的；greedy贪婪的，贪心的，贪吃的；influential有很大影响的，有支配力的。
三、语法填空
[社会热点/2024湖北武汉调研]A groundbreaking new system from the Changsha IFS mall shows 1 5G transforms the shopping experience.
2 updating clothes or comparing prices， mobile technology has transformed the shopping habits of 3 （today）customers.5G is bringing the mobile revolution into real-world shopping.
In China’s Changsha， Changsha IFS became the first 5G-enabled 4 （commerce）complex in the country. And it’s using a new shopping navigator， iGO， whose role isn’t just helping users find their way around the mall’s different 5 （level）. Users can even enjoy a personalized shopping experience and engage in an interactive treasure hunt game.
Common phone navigation tools can be tough 6 （use）within complex indoor environments. However， the iGO system， which opens directly from WeChat， uses the smartphone camera to capture the user’s precise 7 （locate）.
Once a destination 8 （select）， the navigator starts to guide shoppers through their environment step by step. iGO combines 5G technology with augmented reality so that navigation markers appear on top of the real environment，9 （mean）shoppers can easily navigate， turn by turn and floor by floor，10 having to puzzle out how the blocks on a map relate to where they are in the real world.
本文主要介绍了长沙IFS成为中国首家5G全覆盖的商业综合体和新的购物导航系统iGO的使用。
1.how 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词引导宾语从句，且表示方式，故空处应填how。
2.Whether 考查连词。whether...or...表示"不管……还是……"，是固定表达。注意首字母大写。
3.today’s 考查名词所有格。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词修饰后面的名词customers，表示所属关系，所以空处填today’s。
4.commercial 考查形容词。本空解题的关键在于理解空后的complex。complex在此处作名词，因此空处应用形容词，所以空处填commercial。
5.levels 考查名词的数。level在此意为"楼层"，是可数名词。由空前的different可知，空处应用名词复数，所以空处填levels。
6.to use 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处涉及的是"主语＋be＋adj.＋to do"结构，所以空处填to use。
7.location 考查名词。由空前的precise可知，空处应用名词，所以空处填location。
8.is selected/has been selected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词作从句的谓语。此处描述一般情况，时态用一般现在时；主语a destination表示第三人称单数概念，且与select之间是被动关系，故空处填is selected。此处也可以用现在完成时强调结果。综上可知，空处可填is selected/has been selected。
9.meaning 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示主动关系和动作的同时性，所以空处填现在分词meaning。
10.without 考查介词。结合句意可知，空处填without（没有，无）。Unit 3 The Internet
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]As cities balloon with growth， access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
点拨
balloon在此作动词，意为"（数量上）猛增"。句意：随着城市的不断扩张，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接触大自然。
2.[2022新高考Ⅰ]As a special education teacher at the school， I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
3.[2022全国乙]Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
4.[2022全国乙]However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting （upset） consumers.
5.[2021新高考Ⅱ]You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance （distant） from your eyes.
6.[2021全国乙]In my opinion， students can benefit a lot from doing some housework.
7.[2021浙江]This happened over and over， but we soon learned to identify （identity） different grasses like cockleburs ... the pretty purple thistle.
点拨
learn to do sth. "学会做某事"；identity的动词形式为identify。其他常见的以-fy结尾的动词有：clarify"澄清"；justify"证明……正当"；qualify"使合格，使具有资格"；satisfy"使满意"；simplify"使简化"；beautify"美化"。
8.[2020新高考Ⅱ]Don’t be afraid or embarrassed （embarrass） to discuss something that is bothering you.
9.[2020全国Ⅰ]Lighting accounts for about 7％ of the total electricity consumed in the US.
10.[2020全国Ⅲ]In India， particularly （particular） outside cities， young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. 艰苦的 B. 严格的 C. 坚强的
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Turning soil， pulling weeds， and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. A
②[天津高考]A tough man can tolerate suffering. C
③[浙江高考]Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants， and some terms are even tougher. B
2.
A. n.溪流 B. v.流播 C. n.人流
①[2023新高考Ⅰ]A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. A
②[2021全国甲]The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. C
③[2021北京]Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主）， and he live streams himself just going about his day. B
点拨
live在句中作副词，表示"现场直播"。句意：Sam是个现实生活播主，直播自己一天的生活。
3.
A. n.权利 B. v.到达 C. n.通道
①[2021全国甲]We accessed the wall through the South Gate. B
②[2020新高考Ⅱ]The authorities closed access to the bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. C
③[全国Ⅰ]Thus， the keyboard can determine people’s identities， and by extension， whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to — regardless of whether someone gets the password right. A
4.[2020天津]Well， it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. v.起作用，运转
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——在线学习
[2021全国乙]你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.分析优势与不足；
2.提出学习建议。
◎写作要点
1.我们从在线学习中受益匪浅。（benefit）
We have benefited a lot from online learning.
2.我们也可以用某些软件来跟踪自己的进展。（keep track of， software）
We can keep track of our progress in some software too.
3.此外，网络使我们能够获得各种资源。（network， access）
Besides， the network allows us access to all kinds of resources.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Besmartonlinelearners
Online learning has become a popular way to learn recently. However， online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.
We have benefited a lot from online learning. It makes it convenient for us to learn whenever and wherever possible. We can keep track of our progress in some software too. Besides， the network allows us access to all kinds of resources. However， its disadvantages cannot be ignored. Staring at the screen too long is harmful to our eyes. Worse still， there are so many distractions that we can’t focus on class.
Then how to be smart online learners？ Keep in mind the following tips. First， sensibly manage our time online and do eye exercises regularly. Second， switch off all the other software to avoid distractions.
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之害怕与恐惧（一）
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 scare， frighten； fear， fright， panic， terror， horror； terrible， horrible， afraid， scared， frightened， frightening， panicked 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.女孩紧紧地握着父亲的手，不敢独自过马路。 The girl held her father’s hand tightly， afraid to cross the road alone . （形容词短语作状语） 2.突如其来的黑暗把他的孩子们吓到了，特里赶紧抱住他们以缓解他们的紧张情绪。 The sudden darkness scared his children . Terry hurried to hug them to ease their tension. 3.听了这个恐怖故事后，汤姆吓得不敢独自睡觉。 Tom was too frightened to sleep alone after he heard the horror story. （too...to... ） 4.他突然在我背后说话，吓了我一跳。 He suddenly spoke behind me， giving me a fright . （现在分词作状语） 5.那条狗突然跳出来冲向我，我被吓得惊慌失措。 I got panic-stricken when that dog jumped out at me all of a sudden. 6.房子里突然的寂静似乎让外面的风雨更加可怕。他们能做什么呢？ The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening/terrible/horrible outside. What could they do？（make＋宾语＋宾补）
词 组 1.for fear of 唯恐，以免 2.be afraid/frightened/scared of... 害怕…… 3.give sb. a fright 吓某人一跳 4.be in panic/terror惊慌地/恐惧地 5.be in a state of panic 惊恐万状 6.scream with fear/cry out in fright 吓得大叫起来 7.white/pale with fear/horror吓得脸色发白
佳 句 1.Miss Li is very strict and serious. In her class， I don’tdare to make any trouble. 李老师非常严格和严肃。在她的课堂上，我不敢惹任何麻烦。 2.The frightened boy letoutascream and ran away. 那个吓坏了的男孩尖叫着逃跑了。 3.When the fire alarm sounded， people fled from the building inpanic. 当火警响起时，人们惊慌失措地逃离了大楼。 4.Hearing his daughter crying， Mr. Cottle dashed in， looking panic-stricken. 听到女儿的哭声，科特尔先生冲了进来，看上去惊慌失措。
