Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. fitness n.健康；健壮；适合
2. event n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动
3. athlete n.运动员；运动健儿
4. master n.高手；主人vt.精通；掌握
5. medal n.奖章；勋章
6. apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片
7. captain n.（运动队）队长；船长；机长
8. pretend vi.&vt.假装；装扮
9. million num.一百万
10. cheat vi.作弊vt.欺骗n.欺骗手段；骗子
11. audience n.观众；听众
12. positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
13. slim adj.苗条的；单薄的
14. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食
15. rather adv.相当；有点儿
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸vt.尊敬；尊重（某人）；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）→ honourable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的；高尚的
2. determine vt.决定；确定vi.&vt.决心→ determination n.决心；决定→ determined adj.坚决的；有决心的
3. injure vt.使受伤；损害→ injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→ injury n.伤害；损伤
4. strong adj.强壮的；坚强的→ strength n.力量；体力→ strengthen vt.&vi.加强；巩固
5. fail vi.&vt.失败；不及格；未能（做到）→ failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
6. compete vi.竞争；对抗→ competition n.竞争→ competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的→ competitor n.竞争者
7. stress n.压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安 → stressful adj.（状况、经历）压力大的→ stressed adj.焦虑不安的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.soccer n. 足球；足球运动
2.stadium n. 体育场；运动场
3.boxing n. 拳击（运动）
4.badminton n. 羽毛球运动
5.marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
6.ski adj. 滑雪的 vi. 滑雪
7.host vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人
8.track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.&vi. 追踪；跟踪
9.gym n. 健身房；体育馆
10.gymnastics n. 体操（训练）
11.sweat vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi. 出汗；流汗 n. 汗水；出汗
12.legend n. 传奇故事（或人物）；传说
13.glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美
14.championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
15.champion n. 冠军；优胜者
16.graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的
17.jog vi.&n. 慢跑
18.error n. 错误；差错
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
2. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
3. set an example 树立榜样
4. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
5. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
6. give up 放弃；投降
7. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
8. even if/though 即使；虽然
9. make a difference 有作用或影响
10. rather than 而不是
11. cut ...out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
12. compare ... with/to ... 与……比较
13.make it 获得成功；准时到达
14.make sense 有道理；合乎情理
15.now and then 有时；偶尔
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground， time seemed to stand still .（seem to do）
当迈克尔·乔丹双脚离地的那一瞬间，时间似乎都静止了。
2.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team .（even if引导的让步状语从句）
即使对自己的球队有帮助，一个足球运动员也不应该假装跌倒。
3. Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight， things began to change.（once引导的时间状语从句）
一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就开始有了变化。
4. By being positive about myself and my body ， I became both happier and healthier.（by doing作状语）
通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Bruce pretended （假装）that he didn’t mind， but I knew that he did.
2.There was a large audience （观众） of young people at the pop concert.
3.A balanced diet and regular exercise are the keys to a healthy lifestyle.
4.Teenagers’ fitness is now a major concern， to which physical exercise is very important.
5. Music can have positive effects on the soul and the quality of life as well.
6.She stressed/stresses the importance of careful preparation before important exams or events.
7.To master a word， you need to repeat it many times until you learn it by heart.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I felt it an honour to attend the academic conference held by the honourable professor. （honour）
2.As the youngest competitor ，John will compete in the writing contest against 30 other top students for the yearly award of writing. He must be very competitive so that he can win the competition .（compete）
3.He felt he was a failure because he failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. （fail）
4.My sister Lily determined/has determined to go to Peking University. She is a determined girl. So I believe that she will make her dream come true with great determination . （determine）
5.The strong man， who constantly worked out in the gym to strengthen his muscles， lifted up the heavy rock with all his strength . （strength）
6.Jerry has been under stress for one month. He has so much stressful work to do that he feels stressed .（stress）
7.Rest is often the most effective treatment for common running injuries ， so the injured athletes should have a good rest. （injure）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
make a difference compare...with... make it
come along fall apart set a good example
1.As a consequence of the crisis， the GDP of that country has declined by 20％ compared with the year before last.
2.I am ready to volunteer for the sports meet when the chance comes along .
3.Teachers are supposed to set a good example for students by behaving very well at any moment.
4.I am a doctor and I love my work because it makes a difference to the lives of others.
5.Some people fall apart under stress while others do well in handling pressure.
6.As long as you have a dream， keep trying and you will make it .
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.几乎每个人都可能会有一段时间，似乎一切都出了问题。（seem to do）
Nearly everyone may have one of these periods when everything seems to be going wrong .
2.即使你没计划找工作，做志愿者也会给你练习重要技能的机会。（even if引导的让步状语从句）
Even if you’re not planning to find a job ，volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice important skills.
3.通过鼓励更多人使用自行车而不是汽车，共享单车帮助缓解了城市的交通堵塞。（by doing作状语）
By encouraging more people to use bicycles instead of cars ， bike sharing has helped ease traffic jams in cities.
4.一旦我们下定了决心，就没有人能阻止我们取得进步。（once引导的时间状语从句）
Once we have made up our minds ， no one can prevent us from making progress.Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
1.Hosting the Olympics is a great honour for a country and its people. Each Olympics witnessed countless legends from different events. Lang Ping’s determination never fellapart even if the team captain had to leave because of heart problems and one of the best players got injured. Jordan’s graceful moves and the mental strength that he showed made him unique. They both competed against/with the other competitors for medals，championships and honour. Millions of people are their fans and the audience is crazy about them. They setanexample to us and have brought glory to their countries by paying countless sweat， learning from failures and never givingup.
2.We needn’t compare ourselves with professional athletes or pretend to be sports lovers. That doesn’t makesense. But we should live a healthy life， which really makesadifference. Some people seem to focus on their weight ratherthanfitness nowadays. Expecting to become slim just by cuttingout the food you eat is unhealthy and may bring you mental stress. The right way is to workout regularly and have a balanced ealong and you can makeit！
1 honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.尊敬；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）
1.When Tu Youyou was honoured with the Nobel Prize， she said， "This is not only an honour for myself， but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China."
2.It is a great honour for me to be invited （invite） to address this international AI conference.
3.The government set up a school in honour of （为了纪念）heroes who fought for the honour of our country.
4.我很荣幸能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲。 （演讲稿）
→① It’s an honour for me to have a precious chance to deliver a speech here.（it作形式主语）
→② I feel it an honour to have a precious chance to deliver a speech here.（it作形式宾语）
→③ I feel/am honoured to have a precious chance to deliver a speech here.（honour v.）
5.我是否有幸邀请您来参加以"运动与健康"为主题的讲座？ （邀请信）
May I have the honour of inviting you to attend the lecture on the theme of Sports and Fitness？ （have the honour of...）
★It’s an honour for sb. to do sth. ＝Sb. feels it an honour to do sth. ＝Sb. is/feels honoured to do sth. 某人为做某事感到荣幸。 have the honour of sth./doing sth.有幸做某事 in honour of 向……表示敬意；为纪念…… ★honour sb. with sth.（for sth.）（因某事）给某人……奖励、头衔、称号
2 determinationn.决心，决定（decision）
1.[外研选必④－4]To succeed in business， you need more than a good idea， hard work and determination （determine）.
2.[人教必修③－4]However， some scientists were determined to help （help） humans realise their dream to explore space.
3. Determined （determine） to be stronger， I took part in many physical activities.
4.这次比赛教会了我要勇于接受挑战，坚定地面对困难。 （读后续写之主旨升华）
This competition taught me to be brave enough to accept challenges and face difficulties with determination .
★with determination 坚决地 the determination to do sth.做某事的决心 ★determine to do sth.决心做某事（表示动作） ★determined adj. 坚决的，坚定的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事（表示状态）
3 strengthn.力量，体力（power）；毅力，坚强决心；实力；深度；长处
4.Music can strengthen （strength）the heart and shorten the recovery time of patients who are suffering from heart disease.
点拨
动词后缀-en表示"使成为，变得"。如：strength（n. 力量，体力）＋-en→strengthen（v. 增强），short（adj. 短的）＋-en→shorten（v. 变短）。
5.练中国功夫不但能增强体力，还能培养一个人的性格。 （中国文化）
Practising Chinese kung fu not only builds up one’s strength ， but also develops one’s character.
6.首先，你得清楚地了解自己在运动方面的强项和弱项，从而选择最适合自己的体育运动。 （建议信）
First of all， you are supposed to be clear about your strengths and weaknesses in sports ， and choose the sport most suitable for you.
★build up one’s strength 增强体力 with all one’s strength 用尽全力 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 ★strengthen vt.&vi. 加强，巩固
4 competevi.竞争，对抗
1.The young competitor （compete） came to Beijing to compete for the honour of his country. In the fierce competition （compete）， he earned a chance to compete in the final（决赛）.
2.Nowadays， graduates have to be equipped with many abilities to fight for good jobs in the highly competitive （compete） market.
3.人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中，我们常常在与他人竞争的过程中超越自我。 （读后续写之主旨升华）
Life is like a long race where we often compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves.
★compete with/against 和……竞争 compete for 为……竞争 compete in 参加……比赛 ★competition n. 竞争 competitor n. 竞争者，对手；参赛者 competitive adj. 有竞争力的；竞争的
5 pretendvi.&vt.假装；装扮
1.Jack pretended to be doing （do） his homework when his mom came back home from work.Indeed，he was watching football games on TV the whole afternoon.
2.她假装不兴奋，可脸上的表情却将她的心绪暴露无遗。 （读后续写之神态描写）
→① She pretended that she wasn’t excited ， but the expression on her face was a dead giveaway.（从句）
→② She pretended not to be excited ， but the expression on her face was a dead giveaway.（不定式）
点拨
pretend后接宾语从句与后接不定式可以互相转换，但有一个前提：宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同（本题中，主语均是she）。
★pretend to be＋n./adj. 假装是…… pretend to do/to be doing/to have done sth.假装做某事/正在做某事/做过某事 pretend＋that 从句假装……
6 stressn.压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安
1.Life is stressful for most people， but if we get enough sleep and eat properly， and if we exercise and set aside some time for fun， we’ll probably feel less stressed .（stress）
2.你最好早点儿到，因为中国人很重视守时。 （建议信）
→①You’d better arrive a little earlier as Chinese people stress the great importance of punctuality. （stress v.）
→②You’d better arrive a little earlier as Chinese people lay/put/place great stress on punctuality. （stress n.）
★under stress在压力之下 reduce/relieve one’s stress减轻某人的压力 put/lay/place stress on...强调，重视…… ★stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 stress out/stress sb. out （使）某人焦虑不安 ★stressed （out）adj. 焦虑不安的 stressful adj.（状况、经历）压力大的，紧张的
7 giveup放弃；投降
1.Although their strength was giving out ， no participants gave up halfway.
2.Never give in to the temporary difficulty. Sunshine always comes after the storm. （读后续写之主旨升华）
3.Saying too much can give away the secret （泄露秘密） you try to hide.
4.Our society encourages teenagers to give up the seat to the elderly （给老人让座） on the bus.
点拨
give up sth.还可表示"让出某物"。
5.Bicycles are environmentally friendly， since they won’t give off waste gas （释放废气）.
6.尽管失败了很多次，他们没有放弃，最终做出了美味的爆米花。 （读后续写之动作描写）
Having failed many times， they didn’t give up and finally delicious popcorn was made.
★give up sth. to sb.把……交给/让与某人 give up on sb.对某人不再抱希望（或不再相信） ★give away 赠送，捐赠；泄露，暴露 give in （to...）（向……）屈服，（向……）让步；呈上，交上 give off 发出，放出（光、热、气味等） give out 分发，散发；用完，耗尽 give way to退步；让步 give sb. a hand 帮某人个忙
8 makesense有道理，讲得通；是明智的，合乎情理；表述清楚，易于理解
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①Nobody can predict the future. So it makes good sense to save money for a rainy day. 非常明智
②[北师选必②－4]So now that we have established how important humour is to British people， what exactly makes them laugh？ And does British humour make sense to other cultures？ 易于理解
③In English，some sentences contain a clause with essential information.If you take away the clause， the sentence won’t make sense. 讲得通
2.You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can make sense of what he says （你就可以理解他讲的内容）. （建议信）
3. There’s no sense in comparing you with others （把你和别人比较是没有意义的）all the time. Everyone is unique. （劝慰信）
4.有时候一个小小的善举也很有意义，它使得这个世界更加友好。 （读后续写之主旨升华）
Sometimes， a small act of kindness makes much sense， making the world friendlier .（现在分词作状语）
点拨
本单元中关于make的短语还有make predictions（作出预测）、make a difference（有作用或影响）、make a conversation（编对话）等。其他常用的短语还有make an excuse（找借口）、make a mistake（犯错误）、make an effort（付出努力）、make the bed（铺床）、make a noise（发出响声）、make the most of（充分利用）等。
★make sense of 理解，弄懂（复杂或不寻常的事物） ★It makes （no） sense （for sb.） to do sth.（某人）做某事是（不）明智的。 There’s no sense in doing sth.做某事没道理/意义。
9 makeadifference有作用，有关系，有影响
1.Though we completely differ from each other in character， we are still great friends.
2.The twins are so alike； it’s difficult to tell the difference between them （区分他们）.
3.毕竟，是我们共同的努力才能影响环境。所以，我们立即行动起来吧。 （倡议）
After all， it is our joint efforts that can make a difference to the environmental protection . So let’s take action right now. （强调句型）
★make a difference to... 对……有作用/有影响 make a big/some/no/little difference （to...）有很大/一些/没有/极小作用或影响 tell the difference （between...and...）辨别/区分（……与……的）不同 ★differ from... in...与……在……方面不同 be different from...in... 与……在……方面不同
10 seem＋不定式
1.[译林必修①－2]Does every dinner with your parents seem to turn （turn） into a battle？ Have your once warm and open conversations become cold and guarded？
2.[外研必修③－4]One moment she seems to be laughing （laugh） at me， but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile. （读后续写之情感描写）
点拨
句意：有一刻她似乎在嘲笑我，但后来我又从她的笑容中感受到了悲伤。此处表示当时正在做的事情，因此seems后用to be laughing。
3.一开始，坚持锻炼似乎很难，我甚至没有尝试就想放弃。 （求助信）
→①At the beginning， keeping exercising seemed to be difficult so I wanted to give up even without having a try.（seem to do）
→②At the beginning， it seemed that keeping exercising was difficult so I wanted to give up even without having a try.（it seems that...）
→③At the beginning， it seemed difficult to keep exercising so I wanted to give up even without having a try.（it seems＋adj.＋to do sth.）
★seem to do sth. 好像/似乎要做某事 seem to be doing sth.好像/似乎正在做某事 seem to have done sth.好像/似乎已经做了某事 ★其他含seem的句型： It seems （to sb.） that...（在某人看来）似乎…… It seems＋adj./n.＋to do sth.做某事看起来…… It seems as if/as though...看起来好像…… There seems to be...似乎有……；好像有……
形容词后缀-ful/-less
-ful与-less是一对意思相反的形容词后缀，-ful表示"充满……的，有……性质（或倾向）的" ，-less表示"没有，无"。
-ful形容词 -less形容词
本单元 graceful 优美的，优雅的 graceless 粗鲁的，不优美的
拓展 stressful 压力重的，紧张的 stressless 没有压力的
painful 令人痛苦的 painless 无痛的
本单元 graceful 优美的，优雅的 graceless 粗鲁的，不优美的
拓展 powerful 强有力的，有影响力的 powerless 无影响力的，无权的
hopeful 满怀希望的 hopeless 无望的
meaningful 重要的；有意义的 meaningless 不重要的；无意义的
1.[人教必修②－5]When you want to explain something difficult to somebody， it is helpful （help）to use easier words with the same meaning.
2.She sits at home all day， watching TV and feeling useless （use）， but she decides to make some changes.
3.[外研必修③－5]Although the 300 kg adult males can look a bit scary — don’t worry， they’re harmless （harm）！
4.[外研选必④－1]It is wonderful （wonder） to meet such friendly local people who are happy to share their lives with us.
5.[2019江苏]We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful （power） animal on earth.Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
一、阅读理解
A
[2023昆明"三诊一模"质量检测]A dad says he’s built a special bond with his two-year-old daughter after running a series of long-distance races with her strapped（用带子系好） to his back.
Chris Greenbank， 36， a stonemason（石匠） from Stockport， Greater Manchester， even managed to complete a half marathon carrying the youngster in a special hiking carrier.
The single father， who suffered from anxiety in the past， has been raising money for mental health support group Project 23. The group， which helps people with anxiety and mental health problems， was set up by Chris’s friend Mark Sproston.
Chris’s latest race， Run North West’s Festive 10K in Cheshire， was his fourth race and he says， possibly their last， as the kid may be too heavy soon. Besides， Chris had been a little worried if the weather would be too chilly for his daughter. "No matter how difficult it is， I want to get us both a festive New Year medal before it gets too cold，" he added. "We have four medals now and we have run 51km in total."
In October， Chris took just under three hours to complete the Manchester Half Marathon with his daughter on his back. The dad says his little girl rested her hand on his shoulder and kept it there for the whole duration of the run. He said， "Our bond isn’t something you can even put into words. My heart is full."
Chris， who says exercise is an important part of positive mental health， believes there should be no reason why people can’t exercise because they have kids.
The pair also ran the Wilmslow 10K in July this year and Chester Zoo 10K in October. Chris says of his daughter， "She loves it， and they are like mini adventures."
本文主要讲述了一位曾患有焦虑症的单身父亲Chris背着女儿参加马拉松比赛的故事。他与女儿之间建立起一个特殊的感情纽带。
【词语积累】 bond n.纽带，联系
suffer v.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨；遭受，蒙受 raise v.筹募
【长难句解读】 Chris，who says exercise is an importantpart of positive mental health，
believes there should be noreason {why people can’t exercise （because they havekids）}.
译文：Chris认为人们不应该把有孩子当成不能运动的理由。他说，锻炼是积极心理健康的一个重要部分。
1. What can we know about Project 23？
A. It was founded by Chris Greenbank.
B. It has organized 4 marathon events.
C. It helps people with psychological problems.
D. It offers medical care to the disabled.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第三段中的"The group， which helps people with anxiety and mental health problems， was set up by Chris’s friend Mark Sproston"可知，本题选C项。
2. Why did Chris run the marathon in Cheshire with his daughter？
A. To show the public his running skills.
B. To win a medal for their New Year.
C. To raise money for his serious illness.
D. To develop his habit of doing sports.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第四段中的"No matter how difficult it is， I want to get us both a festive New Year medal before it gets too cold"可知，B项正确。
3. Which of the following words can best describe Chris？
A. Caring and loving.
B. Frank but demanding.
C. Ambitious and particular.
D. Generous and outgoing.
解析 A 推理判断题。由第三段中的"The single father， who suffered from anxiety in the past， has been raising money for mental health support group Project 23"和第四段中的"Besides， Chris had been a little worried if the weather would be too chilly for his daughter. ‘No matter how difficult it is， I want to get us both a festive New Year medal before it gets too cold，’..."可知，A项正确。
4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text？
A. To introduce ways to relieve anxiety.
B. To show training methods of running.
C. To involve readers in charity activities.
D. To share a story of a father and a daughter.
解析 D 意图推断题。由第一段中的"A dad says he’s built a special bond with his two-year-old daughter after running a series of long-distance races with her strapped（用带子系好） to his back"以及下文中讲述的Chris背着女儿参加一系列比赛的情况可知，作者写本文的目的是分享一对父女的故事，故D项正确。
B
[体育精神/2023安徽宣城二调]On February 13， 2023， Wu Yibing made history， beating John Isner in a thrilling three-set final at the Dallas Open to become the first man from China to win an ATP Tour title.
Brought to a tennis court for the first time at just five， initially encouraged by his parents to do the exercise to lose weight， Wu soon had his talent discovered by his provincial junior team， kicking off a journey that would change the fate of men’s tennis in China.In 2017，Wu rose to prominence after winning the US Open boys’ tournament at 18 to become the first Chinese to win a major junior title， raising high hopes for the "Wonder Boy" to change the fortune of Chinese men in a sport long dominated by women’s success on the professional stage.
In 2018，Wu won his first ATP Challenger title in Shanghai.However， the highly competitive nature of men’s professional tennis hit the rising Wu with a tough reminder after multiple injuries — to his elbow， lower back， shoulder and wrist — and forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years.
He made his return last year and won three ATP Challenger titles before qualifying for the US Open. "Looking back， I feel like I wouldn’t have been here if it hadn’t been for the ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature mentally now，"said Wu."Of course there were a lot of doubts because I had surgery and the recovery wasn’t going well. The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work and everyone who’s supported me along the way."
2023年2月13日，吴易昺在达拉斯男子网球公开赛中击败了约翰·伊斯内尔，成为第一个赢得ATP巡回赛单打冠军的中国人。
【词语积累】 kick off开始 qualify for...取得……资格 setback n.挫折，阻碍 surgery n.外科手术 payoff n.回报
【长难句解读】 Brought to a tennis court for the first time， at just five initially encouraged
by his parents to do theexercise to lose weight， Wu soon had his talent discovered by his
provincial junior team，kicking off a journey （that would change the fate of men’s tennis in
China）.
译文：吴易昺在仅五岁时第一次被带到网球场，最初父母鼓励他打网球减肥。很快省青年队发现了他的天赋，他也就此开启了一段将改变中国男子网球命运的旅程。
1. What do the underlined words "rose to prominence" in paragraph 2 probably mean？
A. Lost weight.
B. Came back to the court.
C. Became famous instantly.
D. Dropped out of the competition.
解析 C 词义猜测题。结合画线短语后面的"after winning the...win a major junior title"和常识可推知，画线短语指的应是（因夺冠）成名。
2. Why was Wu absent from the ATP Tour for nearly three years？
A. He wanted to change his career.
B. He suffered from serious physical injuries.
C. He didn’t stand out in training for the match.
D. He couldn’t handle the pressure of the ATP Tour.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第三段中的"multiple injuries — to his elbow， lower back， shoulder and wrist — and forced him to be away from the ATP Tour for close to three years"可知，B项正确。
3. What can we learn from Wu Yibing’s statement？
A. No sweat， no sweet.
B. Time waits for no man.
C. Well begun is half done.
D. Strike while the iron is hot.
解析 A 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"Looking back...ups and downs over the past few years. I take all the setbacks and struggles as a lesson that helps me mature..."和"The championship today was a payoff for all the hard work..."可知，吴易昺认为他的夺冠是对所有辛苦的回报，据此可以推断，A项正确。
4. What is the passage mainly about？
A. The significance of the ATP Tour title.
B. The development of Chinese tennis.
C. The power of difficulty for athletes.
D. The first Chinese male champion of the ATP Tour.
解析 D 主旨大意题。结合全文内容，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲述了2023年2月13日创造历史，在达拉斯男子网球公开赛中击败了约翰·伊斯内尔，成为第一个赢得ATP巡回赛单打冠军的中国人吴易昺的故事，故D项正确。
二、七选五
[体育健康/2023沈阳质量监测三]Do you want to live a healthy lifestyle？ Practicing yoga is one of the best choices. Yoga has well-deserved fame for helping to improve balance and flexibility and to gain calm and relaxation. 1 . Here’s more about why doing yoga is a complete mind-body workout.
ReducingStress，ReducingPounds
Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does reduce cortisol（皮质醇） levels. 2 . It can also increase your desire for high-fat and high-sugar foods and drinks while reducing your muscle mass.
3
In a 2016 study， participants involved in practicing yoga realized that they tended to notice the amount of foods they ate， what type of foods they ate and the impact of eating those foods as well. "Subjects reported becoming aware of the effect of certain foods on their bodies during their yoga practice， including sugar， dairy， meat and alcohol，" wrote the authors of the study.
MakingWeightLossLast
4 . This can be attained through improvements in sadness tolerance， mindfulness and self-sympathy. For example， if someone experiences improvements in mindfulness， they may be less likely to "mindlessly" eat in response to emotions such as boredom， stress， anger and other external stimulation like the presence of tasty foods.
ChoosingtheRightType
Ultimately， the best yoga is the practice that fits you — the one you’ll commit to. There are now many accessible styles of yoga that suit you no matter what your weight， age， physical quality or background is. 5 .
A. Finding the Best Food
B. Moving Well， Eating Well
C. Everybody and every body can benefit from a certain style
D. Yoga is also well-known for helping you burn more calories
E. High levels of cortisol， a stress hormone， can lead to an increase in fat
F. Another study shows that someone in a more positive mood is less likely to overeat
G. Recent research shows that yoga may help to improve long-term weight loss outcomes
想拥有健康的生活方式吗？练习瑜伽是最好的选择之一。
【词语积累】 flexibility n.灵活性，柔韧性 stimulation n.刺激 ultimately adv.最后
1.D D项中的is also well-known与空前句子中的has well-deserved fame相吻合。D项与空前的那一句子说的都是瑜伽的作用，故选D。
2.E E项中的cortisol与空前句子中的cortisol吻合，所以E项符合语境。
3.B B项涉及运动与饮食，能概括下面段落的主题。
4.G G项中的long-term weight loss与小标题MakingWeightLossLast相吻合。
5.C C项中的a certain style与小标题中的theRightType以及段落中的many accessible styles of yoga相吻合。
三、完形填空
[人生态度/]During the holiday season in 2015， Felicia Hall was battling depression. "I was unhappy， overeating fast food at night and not really caring for myself. I wasn’t physically 1 ， but always felt tired，" she says.
It wasn’t until New Year that Hall wanted to make a 2 . A friend recommended Daily Burn， a workout program， and she 3 to sign up. "I registered， though not believing I could keep on. I even set a 4 on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended，" says Hall. "Within two weeks， I did not 5 . So I deleted the note."
The 6 gained from Daily Burn also got her running. "I love the sound of 7 my feet on the ground， knowing my body is 8 of doing that，" she says. Hall also 9 her late-night fast-food sessions and started cooking healthy meals. After five months， Hall lost 20 pounds — and gained a new 10 towards exercise， and towards life. She consistently 11 the Daily Burn community group for support. And she 12 started teaching group fitness classes in her hometown. 13 ， she learned the power of positive thought and self-belief. "To be physically able to exercise and continue to 14 with it — it’s an amazing gift，" she says. "People not experiencing it aren’t 15 what something like this can do for a person. It’s not just physical — it’s mental. It’s everything."
本文是记叙文，主要讲述了体育锻炼帮助Hall走出抑郁，让其找到自信并改变了她对人生的态度的故事。
【词语积累】 battle v.和……斗争 depression n.抑郁（症） sign up报名 trial n.（对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用 session n.一场，一节，一段时间 self-belief n.自信
1. A. strong B. attractive
C. active D. disabled
解析 C Hall不爱运动，但却总觉得很累。active表示"好动的，活跃的"，符合语境。
2. A. difference B.change
C. living D. deal
解析 B 此处指Hall想要作出改变（change），故选B。make a difference有作用，有影响；make a living谋生；make a deal达成交易。
3. A. continued B. managed
C. decided D. advised
解析 C 由下文中的"I registered..."可知，Hall决定（decided）报名。
4. A. reminder B. deadline
C. monitor D. timetable
解析 A 由下文中的"on the phone to cancel it before the free trial ended"和"I deleted the note"可知，Hall应是在手机上记了一个备忘录来提醒自己在免费试用结束前取消。reminder表示"起提醒作用的事物"，符合语境。deadline最后期限，截止日期；monitor监视器；timetable时间表，时间安排。
5. A. regret B. forget
C. hesitate D.withdraw
解析 D 由下文可知，Hall并没有退出（withdraw）。
6. A. confidence B. information
C. fame D. advice
解析 A 结合语境和四个选项可知，此处说的是"从Daily Burn获得的信心（confidence）还让Hall开始了跑步"。
7. A. laying B.hitting
C. resting D. beating
解析 B 由上文中的"running"及常识可知，此处指跑步时脚触碰地面的声音。hit表示"使（身体部位）碰上（某物）"，符合语境。
8. A. tired B. afraid
C. sure D.capable
解析 D 此处指Hall知道自己的身体还能够做到这一点。capable表示"有能力的"，符合语境。
9. A. cancelled B. enriched
C.rescheduled D. restored
解析 A 由下文中的"started cooking healthy meals"可知，Hall取消（cancelled）了夜间的快餐时间。enrich充实，使丰富；reschedule重新安排；restore恢复。
10. A. focus B. emphasis
C. attitude D. remark
解析 C 五个月后，Hall不仅减掉了20磅，而且对运动和生活也有了新的看法。attitude表示"态度，看法"，符合语境。focus关注，中心点；emphasis重视，强调；remark评论。
11. A. called up B. set up
C.appealed to D. turned to
解析 D Hall一直向Daily Burn社区小组寻求支持。turn to表示"向……求助（或寻求指教等）"，符合语境。
12. A. even B. still
C. ever D. almost
解析 A 由语境可知，此处指Hall甚至（even）开始在家乡教授集体健身课程。
13. A. By chance B. In fact
C. Above all D. At first
解析 C 最重要的是，她知道了乐观和自信的力量。above all表示"最重要的是"，符合语境。by chance偶然；in fact实际上，确切地说；at first起初。
14. A. practice B. combine
C. struggle D.grow
解析 D 结合上文提到的Hall在跟随Daily Burn一起运动之后身体和心理上的一些变化可知，此处指和它一起成长（grow）。
15. A. worried B. aware
C. satisfied D. afraid
解析 B 没有经历过的人不知道这样的事情会对一个人产生什么影响。aware表示"知道的，明白的"，符合语境。worried担忧的；satisfied满意的；afraid害怕。Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Once there， Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital， where she learned that she had serious injury/injuries （injure） in one of her knees.
点拨
句意：一到那里，Lenoue就接受了评估，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。injury在表示"（对躯体的）伤害，损伤"时，既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词；serious injury/injuries表示"重伤"。
2.[2023全国甲]Thankfulness has a lot of benefits： Research shows it makes us happier， less stressed （stress） and even more optimistic.
3.[2022北京]Health and fitness （fit）help a person live a good and healthy life.
4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]Over the past 38 years， Mr. Wang has pretended to be （be） someone else many times， and has even learned to speak different dialects（方言）， leading to him being described as an "Oscar-winning actor".
5.[2021全国乙]Age is naturally a factor（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines（座机） now and then， compared to/with 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.
6.[江苏高考]A quick review of successes and failures （fail）at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
点拨
句意：在年底快速回顾你的成功和失败有助于你来年的发展。
success和failure在此为抽象名词具体化，表示"成功或失败的事"，为可数名词；当表示"成功或失败"时，为抽象概念，是不可数名词。类似的词还有：beauty（美；美好的事物），danger（危险；危险的人或事），surprise（惊讶；令人惊奇的事）等。如：
—I never expected the experiment would be a failure.
—Nor did I. The result came as a complete surprise.
7.[天津高考]Last summer， she wanted to join our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally made it .
点拨
本句中make it表示"获得成功"。make it还可表示"准时到达"。如：The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we’ll never make it.
8.[天津高考]I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing， but she refused to give up and insisted she go.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. 锻炼 B.计划，思考
C. 进展顺利 D.找到……的答案
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]George， the husband， was trying to be calm， but I could tell this was hard for him， having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would workout. C
②[2023浙江1月]Another mistake most people make is to workout intensely almost every day. You need to give your body a break， and allow time for the muscles to grow. A
③[2022全国甲]The next step， according to the researchers， is to try and workout whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues（线索）， or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. D
④[全国Ⅱ]Then go outside and workout a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. B
2.
A. n.跑道 B. n.轨道 C. v.跟踪；追踪
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private， "off-line" activity. C
②[2022全国乙]They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. B
③[2020全国Ⅰ]Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk， which is about five miles longer than the marathon. A
点拨
句③中track and field意为"田径运动"。在高考中常考查keep track of，表示"了解……的动态；与……保持联系；追踪"，还表示"记录"。例：[2022全国乙]Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
3.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species（物种），bringing protection to ahostof plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 许多；大量
4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]Wang， who is often in dangerous situations， is also a judo（柔道）master. n.高手
5.[2020浙江1月]"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，" Padilla-Walker said. v.强调
6.[天津高考]Here I learned my first important lesson： disabled as I was in language， I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence camealong. 出现
点拨
本题中，come along表示"出现"。此外，come along还有一个较为常见的含义，即"进步，进展"。如： My English has come along a lot recently.我的英语最近进步很大。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——学生体育运动情况
[全国Ⅲ]假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1.学校的体育场馆；
2.主要的运动项目；
3.你喜欢的项目。
◎写作要点
1.我们学校最近建造了一个装备精良的新体育馆，我们每天上午九点到下午五点可以在那里锻炼。（stadium，work out）
Our school has built a new and well-equipped stadium recently and we can work out there from 9 am to 5 pm every day.
2.体育馆足够大，我们可以举行多种大型体育活动，其中最受欢迎的是篮球和乒乓球。（host，event）
The stadium is big enough for us to host many kinds of major sporting events， among which basketball and table tennis are the most popular.
3.与其他运动相比，跑步是我最喜欢的，因为它不仅增强我的体力，也教会我永不放弃。（compare...with...， strength， give up）
Compared with other sports，running is my favourite since it not only builds up my strength but also teaches me never to give up.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Peter，
I’m happy to hear from you. As for students’ physical exercise in our school， here is something I want to share with you.
Our school has built a new and well-equipped stadium recently and we can work out there from 9 am to 5 pm every day. Besides， it is big enough for us to host many kinds of major sporting events， among which basketball and table tennis are the most popular. However， compared with other sports，running is my favourite since it not only builds up my strength but also teaches me never to give up.
What about students’ sports in your school？ I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之悲伤与沮丧（二）
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.tears roll/run/stream down one’s cheeks泪水顺着某人的脸颊淌下来 2.be immersed in sorrow沉浸在悲痛之中 3.abandon oneself to grief陷入悲伤中 4.tears well up泪如泉涌 5.burst into tears/burst out crying突然痛哭 6.drop/lower/bend/bow one’s head in sadness伤心地低下头 7.in a sorrowful tone/voice伤心的语气/声音 8.fight/hold back tears抑制住泪水 9.cry one’s eyes out痛哭流涕 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.他就静静地站着，泪如泉涌，不知道接下来做什么。 Tears welling up in his eyes， he just stood silently， confused about what to do next. （独立主格结构） 2.他最后的话太扎心了。她突然哭了起来，跑出了房间。 His last words went like a bullet to her heart. She burst into tears/burst out crying and ran out of the room. 3.悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上，痛哭流涕。 Sorrow/Grief/Sadness came in waves. He sank into the chair， crying his eyes out .（第二空现在分词作状语） 4.每当想起她去世的妈妈，她都沉浸在悲痛中，无法抑制眼泪。 Whenever thinking of her dead mother， she would be immersed in sorrow/abandon herself to grief and couldn’t fight/hold back tears . 5.小女孩听了这个故事后，泪水滑落脸庞。 After the little girl heard the story， tears rolled/ran/streamed down her cheeks . 6.他眉头微皱，伤心地低下头。 He frowned slightly， dropping/lowering/bending/bowing his head in sadness .（现在分词作状语）
佳 句 1.She wasseizedbyaburstofsadness and couldn’thelpcryingbitterly.她感到一阵悲伤，情不自禁地痛哭起来。 2.Anairofsorrowanddepression settled over the crowd. 人群中弥漫着悲伤和沮丧的气氛。 3.Today’s experience upset Mr Smith. Withaheavyheart， he walked home alone. 今天的经历让史密斯先生很难过。他心情沉重，独自一人走回了家。 4.I feel like I were floatingintheoceanofsadness， without any hope. 我感觉我好像漂浮在悲伤的海洋里，没有任何希望。
