话题04航天航空 2024年中考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 话题04航天航空 2024年中考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析） |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教新目标(Go for it)版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-03-05 00:00:00 | ||
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2024年中考英语阅读理解专项训练热搜话题04
航天航空
（一）
①Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!
②For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise There is a spin bike (健身车), a treadmill (跑步机), and other fitness equipment (设备) in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to work out.
③Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station How do they keep themselves clean Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾) .
④What do astronauts eat in the space station There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶) ”. The food stays cool in it.
⑤What if astronauts miss their families There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their families. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position (位置) .
⑥What do you think of the lives of the astronauts
1．In Paragraph 1, the writer leads into the topic by ________.
A．using sayings B．listing numbers
C．asking questions D．giving examples
2．Which of the following is TRUE from the text
A．Astronauts hardly exercise in the space station.
B．Astronauts use dry towels to clean their bodies.
C．Nothing delicious is available in the space station.
D．It’s easy for astronauts to talk with their families.
3．What’s the main purpose of the text
A．To tell the lives of the astronauts in space.
B．To describe the difficulties of living in space.
C．To invite people to travel to the space station.
D．To introduce China’s Tiangong space station.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B．
C． D．
（二）
When the first person looked up at the sky, the imagination of the space began. In China, there are many stories about the exploration of space.
Thousands of years ago, there was a lady named Chang’e who flew to the Moon and lived there. It’s a story just living in myths (神话). In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used the machine which was made of a chair, some fireworks and a kite as a rocket. He wanted to go into the space but failed. He was considered as the first human to try to explore the space.
In 2003, when Shenzhou V successfully set off, Yang Liwei’s words “ask for instructions to go to the war” brought tears (眼泪) to our eyes. Carrying the flying dream of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, the first “space visitor” of China, excellently completed his task. It started the space age for the Chinese. In 2008, Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng returned to space by Shenzhou VIl. Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. “I am out of the capsule (太空舱), I feel good,” he told the world proudly.
In the following years, China kept on making its way to explore more about the space. Especially in the recent two years, China has launched (发射) Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV. Six astronauts have been sent into the space.
From 2003 to 2022, China’s manned space-flight has gone through about twenty years of hard, but successful journey. With the take-off again and again, Chinese people go farther and farther in space, but our dream is getting closer and closer.
In the near future, Chinese people will be sent to the Moon and land on it.
5．How did the writer show people’s imagination of the space in China
A．By telling stories. B．By giving numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures.
6．What made Zhai Zhigang feel proud
A．He pushed the Chinese technology.
B．He took the first Chinese spacewalk.
C．He finished the invention of the Shenzhou VIl.
D．He got the safe returning to the space.
7．What is the right order according to this passage
①The space age for the Chinese started.
②The first Chinese spacewalk was achieved.
③Shenzhou V successfully set off.
④Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV were launched.
A．①③②④ B．①③④② C．③②①④ D．③①②④
8．In which part of the magazine can we read this passage
A．Health. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Business.
（三）
Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space on October 16th, 2021. Wang became the first Chinese woman astronaut to enter Tiangong space station.
Wang was born in January 1980. Her space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment won't change because you are a woman,” she said.
The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang. “If you can’t stand it, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit finally made her dream come true in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission (任务).
Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages. “Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness.”
Wang Yaping went a long way before becoming the first woman to enter the Tiangong space station. She sets a good example for all women who dream of going to space.
9．How old was Wang Yaping when she first enter Tiangong space station
A．19. B．38. C．40. D．41.
10．What was Wang Yaping’s job in 2003
A．She was a pilot. B．She was a worker.
C．She was a teacher. D．She was an astronaut.
11．What do Wang Yaping’s words mean in Paragraph 2
A．The space environment is easy to change.
B．Only men can go to space station in the world.
C．Men and women will face the same difficulties in space.
D．Both men and women astronauts can go to space bravely.
12．Why would Wang become blind for a while when training
A．Because she was in a dark room.
B．Because her brain was short of blood.
C．Because there was something wrong with her ears.
D．Because she is a woman, she couldn’t stand the training.
13．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Wang is the first woman astronaut in the world.
B．Wang dreamed of being an astronaut in 2003.
C．It was a short time before Wang made her dream come true.
D．Wang pressed the red button when she became blind after the high-G training.
（四）
The rockets take astronauts and man-made satellites into space. The satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring and research. But how do satellites stay up without falling down
There are two opposite forces (力量) acting on the satellites. One of them is the force of gravitation (地心引力), whi h tries to pull the satellites towards the earth. The other force is created by the rotation (旋转) of the satellite around the earth. This force tries to take the satellite away from the earth. With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round. The gravitational pull of the earth (the force which pulls everything towards the ground) is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.
Everything that goes up has to come down. It is only a matter of time before a satellite comes back to the earth. As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
14．Which of the following uses of satellites is not mentioned
A．Communication. B．Monitoring the weather condition.
C．Doing some researches. D．Taking pictures.
15．The force that pulls the satellite towards the earth is created by ________.
A．the earth B．the satellite itself
C．the rotation of the satellite D．the rope
16．Why can’t the satellite fly away
A．Because of the force from the earth.
B．Because the satellite is too big.
C．Because of the force created by the rotation of the satellite around the earth.
D．Because people on earth have made ropes to tie the satellite tightly.
17．The satellite will finally crashes down to the earth ________.
A．when it flies faster B．when its speed slows down
C．when people cut the rope D．when there is no electricity in it
18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．There are four forces acting on the satellite.
B．The force of gravitation makes the satellite go round and round.
C．As time goes by, the satellite will finally fall down.
D．The satellite will stay in space forever.
（五）
In 2010, Liu Yang served as a pilot in the air force. Over a period of around 10 years, she achieved a surprising record of safe flights—1,680 hours. Her excellent performance made her stand out among the 15 pilots, and she was chosen to become an astronaut.
It took Liu Yang the next two years to finish some very difficult astronautics courses and hard physical training. One of the most difficult exercises was the rotating chair (旋转椅), which helped astronauts get used to traveling in space. To get full marks, astronauts should stay in the chair for 15 minutes, but Liu Yang was uncomfortable and sick in the first five minutes. She told herself to keep trying harder. She tried her best not to think about the terrible sick feeling, and finally, she made it.
In 2012, Liu Yang made history as China’s first woman astronaut. During the Shenzhou 9 mission (任务), she spent 13 days in space, performing scientific experiments. She also helped the other two astronauts to connect the spaceship with the Chinese space station, Tiangong.
Following her return to the Earth, Liu Yang went to university to study further while balancing the responsibilities for bringing up her two children and continuing her space training. In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission. This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation. Along with her workmates, Liu Yang spent half a year in space, completing several space activities, such as robot arm tests and experimental tasks.
Liu Yang’s second space mission provided her with another wonderful experience, allowing her to show her courage once again. She remains a brave woman astronaut who shows that dreams can come true with determination (决心) and hard work.
19．What does Paragraph 2 try to tell us
A．No pains, no gains.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．All roads lead to Rome.
D．Learn to walk before you run.
20．How many astronauts were on the Shenzhou 14 spaceship
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
21．Before boarding the Shenzhou 14 spaceship, Liu Yang was ________.
A．nervous B．excited C．surprised D．confident
22．Which shows the correct order of Liu’s lifetime
a. Liu started her second space flight.
b. Liu worked as a pilot for about 10 years.
c. Liu furthered her education at university.
d. Liu spent 13 days on the Shenzhou 9 task.
e. Liu was picked as one of China’s astronauts out of 15 pilots.
A．b,e,d,c,a B．b,e,c,a,d
C．e,b,c,a,d D．e,c,b,d,a
（六）
①The three Shenzhou-16 astronauts gave the fourth “Tiangong Class” to students on the Earth from the space station on September 21st, 2023. Are you interested in Chinese astronauts’ life in space
②Inside Tianhe, the core module (核心仓) of China’s space station, there are different areas (区域) for Chinese astronauts to work and live. There is a table and some machines in the dining area. The astronauts are able to enjoy over 120 kinds of food. Most of them are traditional dishes like gongbao chicken. They can even have ice-cream!
③Chinese astronauts can also get much physical exercise to keep healthy. For example, they can run and ride a bicycle in the exercise area. There are bedrooms in the sleeping area, but they have to sleep in sleeping bags. I once wonder if they could take a shower in the space station. Now I know the fact is that they only use their own wet towels to clean their bodies.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
23．When was the fourth “Tiangong Class”
A．On September 21st, 2022.
B．On September 20th, 2023.
C．On September 21st, 2023.
24．Which of the following is right according to the passage
A．There is a bicycle in Shenzhou-16.
B．The astronauts can not eat ice-cream in space.
C．The astronauts work and live in the same area in Shenzhou-16.
25．Where do the astronauts in Shenzhou-16 sleep
A．On beds. B．In sleeping bags. C．On the floor.
26．What does “towels” in paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．塑料 B．稻草 C．毛巾
27．What is this passage mainly about
A．Chinese astronauts’ life in space.
B．China’s space station.
C．Tiangong Class.
（七）
In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, 13 Chinese astronauts have “reached for the stars”. Zhai Zhigang,Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are three them. They carried out lots of important missions. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut like them How did they get there
To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (蛀牙) could get worse in space and bring trouble to astronauts, as Pang Zhihao, a space scientist, told the Beijing Morning Post.
You also need to become stronger with hard training. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. Besides, you need to build your muscles as strong as athletes by running and swimming. You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks during a spacewalk.
Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, spacecraft design, physics and many more. So they will know what to do when emergencies (突发事件) happen during the mission (任务).
28．Among all the 13 Chinese astronauts, ________ is the first astronaut into space.
A．Yang Liwei B．Zhai Zhigang
C．Wang Yaping D．Ye Guangfu
29．Among the four students below, who has the most chances of becoming an astronaut
A．Mary—She is healthy and just has a decayed tooth.
B．Tom—He flies 1000 hours with only one accident.
C．James—He is able to do tasks underwater for more than eight hours with no stop.
D．John—He is good at music and physics.
30．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
31．In the following part after this text, what will the writer most probably talk about
A．How to keep healthy.
B．How to train hard.
C．How to deal with emergencies.
D．How to learn well.
32．Which of the following might be the best title
A．To be an astronaut is interesting
B．How to become an astronaut
C．Fight to be healthier
D．Get ready for emergencies
（八）
Have you ever seen people building houses To build a house, you need workers. They use their hands, tools (工具) and machines to put things together. Building the International Space Station (国际空间站) is the same. The difference is that the workers are astronauts. They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work.
In the space station, astronauts are comfortable. The temperature there is about 21℃. But outside of the station, it can be too hot or cold for people. In the sunlight (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits.
These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space. Each time people go into space, they leave rubbish there. So astronauts should be careful because there’s a lot of rubbish, and some rubbish goes many times as fast as a plane!
Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous. So getting ready for it takes a lot of time to learn. Astronauts will need to do 160 space walks to finish their work in the space station. That will take about 1,900 man-hour work.
33．What’s the temperature in space station
A．About 21℃. B．About 120℃.
C．About -85℃. D．We don’t know.
34．The astronauts build the space station with ________.
A．scientists’ hands B．some machines
C．robots’ arms and hands D．workers’ hands
35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Space walking is very safe.
B．Space walking is difficult.
C．Space walking is very comfortable.
D．Astronauts needn’t wear spacesuits when walking in space.
36．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “spacesuits” in the passage
A．太空服 B．防弹衣 C．雨衣 D．防护服
37．Why do astronauts need to wear spacesuits when walking in space
①keep astronauts from too hot or cold temperature
②help astronauts flying in space
③keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space
④help astronauts take food with them
A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．③④
（九）
Online classes in space got lots of interests in Chinese students. The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth. The space classes make the young be proud of our country. As a special “teacher”, they all think Wang Yaping is “the most beautiful astronaut”.
Wang Yaping was born in a small village in Shandong in 1980. She studied hard all those years. She was good at all subjects and sports. Luckily, at the age of seventeen, the Air Force (空军), Changchun Flight Academy, accepted her.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a man astronaut. When will China have a woman one ” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. In 2013, her space dream came true. Shenzhou-10 sent her to space. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.
However, it is difficult to be an astronaut. She has to experience a lot of pain (痛苦) that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. That finally made her dream come true.
“You are on the way to success as long as you stick to (坚持) your dreams,” Wang Yaping said. She set a good example to the young.
38．What do Chinese students think of Wang Yaping
A．She is a good student in a school.
B．She is a good teacher in a school.
C．She is the most beautiful astronaut.
D．She is a good farmer in a small village.
39．What can we know from the passage
A．Shenzhou-10 sent Wang to space in 2003.
B．Wang did well in all subjects but not sports.
C．Wang’s training was different from men astronauts.
D．Wang flew into the space for the second time in 2021.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．The Special Space Classes B．The Life in Space Station
C．The First Chinese Woman Astronaut D．The Team of Shenzhou-13
（十）
Astronauts’ (宇航员) daily life in the space station may be new and interesting for people on Earth. Let’s take a look at the astronauts’ life in space.
The astronauts started work at 8: 00 a. m. Beijing time on Friday. They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements (微量元素) in the air in four hours. Then, they had two hours for lunch and rest.
Afternoon work began at 2 o’clock. On arriving at the center at about 4 p. m. , Nie Haishang and Tang Hongbo replaced the device to clean up CO2. This can give astronauts a better living place and support life in the space station.
Later in the afternoon, astronauts did some exercises. It is one of the most useful ways to keep healthy in space. While Liu Boming exercised on the space bike and Tang was on the treadmill, Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day.
After dinner, they started watching “Xinwen Lianbo”, the most-watched daily TV news program in China. The team on the ground send news programs to the astronauts on time every day. It is one of the most important ways to help them know about things happening on the ground. Then, such as watching movies, playing music, talking to their families and so on. They went to sleep at about 10 o’clock.
This is a day in China’s space station Tiangong.
41．In what order did the astronauts do the following things
a. Had lunch and took a rest.
b. Did some exercises.
c. Checked the spaceship.
d. Had fun time watching movies.
e. Replaced the device.
A．c-a-b-e-d B．b-c-a-e-d C．b-e-c-a-d D．c-a-e-b-d
42．What does the underlined word “crew” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．friends B．families C．workmates D．relatives
43．Which of the following activity is NOT mentioned (提及) in the passage
A．Reporting plans for the next day.
B．Walking around the space station.
C．Collecting trace elements.
D．Watching daily TV news programs.
44．What is the best title for the passage
A．A day in space. B．The space station Tiangong.
C．A trip to space. D．Astronauts’ work in space.
（十一）
Many people dream of traveling into outer space, However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA．That’s why astronauts shouldn’t spend more than six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.
Muscle and bone loss
In a weightless environment, astronauts don’t need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.
Sleep disorder
In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light-dark cycle when they sleep. Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable. Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. Still, studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.
Brain change
Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during space flight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That’s why some astronauts can’t control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more space flights. But they still need to do more research.
45．According to the passage, astronauts may have the following health problems EXCEPT ________.
A．bone loss B．sleep disorder C．brain changes D．headache
46．The underlined word “shrinking” in the second paragraph means ________.
A．改变 B．颤抖 C．萎缩 D．膨胀
47．Astronauts sleep in individual sleeping pods to ________.
A．shut out light B．enjoy a quiet place
C．need to do more research. D．stay warm at night
48．Some astronauts have problems controlling their movement and balance after returning to the Earth because ________.
A．they are not good at staying balanced
B．they are affected by the change of the position of the brain during space flight
C．they don’t have enough sleep in space.
D．they don’t have enough room to exercise in space
49．The best title of this passage is ________.
A．Brain Changes in Space B．Travel into outer space
C．Sleep Disorder in Space D．Health Problems in Space
（十二）
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the name s of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after a Chinese superhero the Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace (天宫)”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet (诗人) from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
50．The underlined word “evil” means “________”.
A．诚恳 B．善良 C．邪恶 D．丑陋
51．What is Tiangong used for
A．It’s used for searching dark matter. B．It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space.
C．It’s used to explore (探索) the Mars. D．It’s used to send astronauts to the space.
52．China’s Mars mission, Tianwen, is named after ________.
A．a superhero B．a book C．a palace D．a poem
53．What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common
A．They’re both sharp-eyed. B．They’re both superheroes.
C．They both help the good and punish the bad. D．They both help with scientific studies.
54．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．What Meaningful Names! B．What Beautiful Space!
C．What A Famous Poem! D．What A Sweet Dream!
（十三）
A Universty Professor Turns Into an Astronaut
Gui Haichao is a young professor at Beihang University. On May 30, 2023, he arrived at China’s space station by Shenzhou XVI spacecraft. He has become an idol for numerous people in China overnight. As a payload expert (载荷专家), he mainly conducted space science experiments. Gui’s story is very inspiring. It shows that dreams can be reached by efforts.
Gui grew up in a rural family in Shi Dian County, Yunnan Province. He loved science as a child. He kept a set of encyclopedias from which he gained a lot of knowledge about space. In his second year of high school, he listened to the campus radio and got the news of Yang Liwei’s first space flight for China. Suddenly, he felt excited, and his interest in exploring (探索) space began. After his college entrance examination, Gui placed first in science in his county, and he was admitted to Beihang University.
Gui studied aircraft design and engineering at university. He got a doctor’s degree after nine years of study. He then went overseas for further study. After returning to China, he taught at his alma mater (母校). He had a dream of moving his beloved scientific work into space.
“I wasted no time in applying,” Gui remembered the moment when he found the notice. In 2018, China made a plan to recruit its third group of astronauts. After several rounds of selection for more than two years, Gui stood out among about 2,500 candidates and became one of the four selected payload experts.
Over the past few years, Gui has got survival training (生存训练) in deserts and been trained to handle those complex equipment (设备). He learned to do experiments in the space environment. The training was a great challenge for him. “I felt very dizzy often,” said Gui. “So I added exercises and used some methods used by pilots.”
As a teacher, Gui was strict about studying. When reviewing essays for students, he would always give the right advice in detail. Gui would sometimes list 30 to 40 suggestions, even pointing out incorrect images. In the eyes of his students, Gui is positive (乐观的) and open-minded, seldom affected by a bad mood. In the face of setbacks (挫折), he quickly cheers himself up and gets back to his work with passion.
Gui has done space experiments in many fields. “I believe that we can finish the mission with our team’s efforts,” he said proudly.
55．What is Gui Haichao
A．A university professor. B．An astronaut. C．Both A and B．
56．What does the underlined word “encyclopedias” probably mean in Chinese
A．绘本 B．百科全书 C．积木
57．As a teacher, what do Gui’s students think of him
A．Strict and sometimes affected by a bad mood.
B．Seldom communicate with his students.
C．Positive, open-minded and can be quickly cheered up.
58．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Besides Gui Haichao, another three more payload experts had been selected in the third group of astronauts’ recruiting.
B．Yang Liwei is Gui’s teacher who interests him in space scientific work.
C．As a payload expert, Gui had to get trainings of survival in deserts and doing experiments in the space environment as well.
Tang Hongbo: The first person to return to the “Tiangong”
On September 16, 2021, before the Shenzhou-12 crew (班组) left the core module (核心舱) of the space station, Tang Hongbo returned to the capsule (舱) and took a turn, secretly promised to himself, “I must come back in the near future”.
Just 2 years and 1 month later, Tang Hongbo’s wish came true—on October 25, 2023, Tang Hongbo appeared at Wen Tian Hall for the second time to meet with Chinese and foreign media reporters.
The difference is that this time he was the leader of the Shenzhou-17 crew to space. From the first manned flight of the space station stage to the second manned flight in the new stage of space station application and development, Tang Hongbo became the first astronaut to return to the “Tiangong” and the Chinese astronaut with the shortest interval (间隔) between two missions so far.
“At this moment, my mood is calm and firm. Always being ready to go to space for the motherland is my dream and responsibility when I joined the astronaut team. It has never changed, and I have never been lazy for a second.” Tang Hongbo said.
In October 1975, Tang Hongbo was born in Xiangtan, Hunan, a place where heroes are born. Growing up with listening to the stories about these great men like Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai, Tang Hongbo also planted a heroic dream in his heart early.
In 1995, he was admitted to the dream college and became a flying cadet (学员). Here, this “post-70s” constantly improved himself by hard work—he was at the bottom of the class in physical tests, and he ran on the playground every day until he got “excellent”.
In the end, Tang Hongbo graduated with honors and became a fighter pilot in the Air Force.
59．The passage might be from ________.
A．a newspaper B．a story book C．a science fiction
60．What can we infer (推测) from Paragraph 3
A．Tang Hongbo isn’t in Shenzhou-17 this time.
B．There is no Chinese astronaut returning to the “Tiangong” like Tang Hongbo.
C．The second manned flight has not applied any new technologies.
61．In Paragraph 4, “it” refers to ________.
A．the astronaut team B．Tang Hongbo’s dream C．Tang Hongbo’s mood
62．Which of the following is NOT true about Tang Hongbo
A．He wanted to grow up like these great men.
B．He was admitted to the dream college when he was 20.
C．He got “excellent” when he entered the college.
China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship was launched on May 30, 2023. One of the three astronauts is a new face that has attracted a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a young professor at Beihang University in Beijing. He is a payload expert (载荷专家)and also became China’s first scientist to land in space.
Gui Haichao was born in a village in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Since childhood, he has had a strong interest in science and dreamed flying into the space one day. He said, “I once dreamed of being able to move my laboratory into space someday.”
When he was a student, he was really hard-working. “In order to spend more time studying, Gui Haichao was always the first one to get up and also the last one to sleep”, said one of his classmates. His hard work paid off when he go into Beihang University successfully in 2005. Nine years later, he got Ph. D．degree (博士学位), and then went abroad for post-doctoral (博士后) research, In 2017, he chose to return to China without thinking twice. “It’s time for me to do something for our country”, said Gui.
Being a payload expert is not easy for him, but he never thinks of giving up. Gui Haichao has set a good example for teenagers. Nothing is impossible if we put our hearts into it.
63．When was China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship launched
A．On May 31, 2023. B．On May 30, 2023.
C．On March 30, 2022. D．On March 30, 2023.
64．What was Gui Haichao’s dream when he was a child
A．To fly into the space. B．To travel around the world.
C．To set up a library in space. D．To be a teacher in a university.
65．What do the underlined words “paid off” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．得不偿失 B．得到回报 C．得道多助 D．得意忘形
66．According to the passage, we can learn that Gui Haichao __________.
A．was born in Beijing B．got Ph.D．degree in 2017
C．is hard-working and loves our country D．became China’s first scientist
67．What’s the purpose (目的) of the passage
A．To tell us something about landing in space.
B．To advise us how to become a payload expert.
C．To show us the real life of Chinese astronauts.
D．To encourage us to make our dreams come true.
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。
1．细节理解题。根据“Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!”可知，第一段是通过问问题来引出话题的，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their families.”及“It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position.”可知，宇航员和家人联系是很容易的，故选D。
3．主旨大意题。根据“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station ”及“What do you think of the lives of the astronauts ”可知，本文主要在讲宇航员的空间生活，故选A。
4．篇章结构题。根据“Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station ”可知，第一段抛问题引出全文，根据“What do you think of the lives of the astronauts ”可知，最后一段作者问对宇航员的看法，中间四段在详细讲解宇航员的太空生活，故选C。
5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国探索太空的过程和发展。
5．细节理解题。根据“In China, there are many stories about the exploration of space. ”及第二段列举的故事可知，作者通过讲故事来展示人们对太空的想象。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. ‘I am out of the capsule(太空舱), I feel good,’ he told the world proudly. ”可知，翟为自己第一次完成太空行走而感到自豪。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“n 2003, when Shenzhou V successfully set off”可知，③排在第一位；根据第三段第三句“ It started the space age for the Chinese.”可知，①排在第二位；根据第三段倒数第二句“Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. ”可知，②排在第三位；根据第四段第二句“Especially in the recent two years, China has launched(发射) Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV.”可知，④排在最后。故选D。
8．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中国探索航天的过程，属于科研领域。故选C。
9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第一位女宇航员王亚平的事迹。
9．推理判断题。根据“Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space on October 16th, 2021.”及“Wang was born in January 1980.”可知王亚平第一次进入天宫空间站时2021-1980=41岁。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army.”可知2003年时她是一个飞行员。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.”可知太空环境不会因为是女性而改变，从中可知，男性和女性在太空中面临同样的困难。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood.”可知会因为大脑缺血而暂时失明。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Wang’s space dream started in 2003”可知王亚平从2003年开始梦想成为一名宇航员。故选B。
14．D 15．A 16．A 17．B 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人造卫星不会坠落的原理。
14．细节理解题。根据“The satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring and research.”可知卫星用于通信、天气监测和研究，没有提及到照相。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据“One of them is the force of gravitation (地心引力), whi h tries to pull the satellites towards the earth.”可知，将卫星拉向地球的力是由地球产生的。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“The gravitational pull of the earth (the force which pulls everything towards the ground) is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.”可知，因为地球的引力就像一根绳子，防止卫星飞走。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.”可知，当卫星速度减慢时，它最终将坠落地球上。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.”可知，随着时间的推移，卫星最终会坠落下来。故选C。
19．A 20．B 21．D 22．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员——刘洋。
19．段落大意题。根据第二段“She tried her best not to think about the terrible sick feeling, and finally, she made it.”可知，本段主要介绍她经过艰苦训练获得成功。A选项“没有付出就没有收获。”符合题意。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据第四段“In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission.”可知，神舟14号有3名宇航员。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段“This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation.”可知这一次她很自信。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2010, Liu Yang served as a pilot in the air force. Over a period of around 10 years”、“Her excellent performance made her stand out among the 15 pilots, and she was chosen to become an astronaut.”、第三段“During the Shenzhou 9 mission (任务), she spent 13 days in space, performing scientific experiments.”、第四段“Following her return to the Earth, Liu Yang went to university to study further while balancing the responsibilities for bringing up her two children and continuing her space training.”和“In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission. This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation.”可知，刘洋做了大约10年的飞行员，然后是刘从15名飞行员中被选为中国宇航员之一，接着是刘在神舟九号任务中度过了13天，返回地球后，刘在大学继续深造，最后是刘开始了她的第二次太空飞行。所以，正确的顺序是b—e—d—c—a。故选A。
23．C 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国神舟十六号宇航员在太空站向地球上的学生们展示了太空中的生活。
23．细节理解题。根据“The three Shenzhou-16 astronauts gave the fourth “Tiangong Class” to students on the Earth from the space station on September 21st, 2023.”可知，第四次天宫课堂在2023年9月21日。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“For example, they can run and ride a bicycle in the exercise area.”可知，神舟十六号有自行车。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“There are bedrooms in the sleeping area, but they have to sleep in sleeping bags.”可知，他们在睡袋里睡觉。故选B。
26．词句猜测题。根据“ I once wonder if they could take a shower in the space station. Now I know the fact is that they only use their own wet towels to clean their bodies.”可知，宇航员们不能洗淋浴，只能用湿毛巾清洁身体，由此可猜测towels意为“毛巾”。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据“Are you interested in Chinese astronauts’ life in space ”可知，本文主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空的生活。故选A。
28．A 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员。
28．细节理解题。根据“In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. ”可知杨利伟是第一个进入太空的宇航员。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet”可知你还需要穿上200公斤重的潜水服，在水下完成6到7个小时的任务，不吃不上厕所，可推知选项C“詹姆斯——他能在水下不停地完成八个多小时的任务”符合。故选C。
30．篇章结构题。第一段是总结段，介绍了部分宇航员；第二、三、四段主要介绍成为一名合格宇航员具备的条件。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据“So they will know what to do when emergencies (突发事件) happen during the mission”可知宇航员知道在执行任务期间发生紧急情况时该怎么办，故接下来会谈论如何处理紧急情况。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员。故选B。
33．A 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了建造国际空间站的过程和宇航员的工作环境。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“The temperature there is about 21℃.”可知，空间站的温度约为21℃。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段“The difference is that the workers are astronauts. They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work.”可知，宇航员建造空间站使用机器人的手臂和手。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous.”可知，太空行走很难。故选B。
36．词义猜测题。根据第二段“ So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes— spacesuits.”可知，spacesuit是宇航员在太空行走时穿得衣服，因此spacesuits的意思是“太空服”。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the sunlight (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits”和第三段“These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space.”可知，太空服可以防止宇航员的温度过高或过低，并且可以免受太空垃圾飞行的伤害。故选C。
38．C 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员——王亚平。
38．细节理解题。根据“As a special ‘teacher’, they all think Wang Yaping is ‘the most beautiful astronaut’.”可知，作为一名特殊的“老师”，他们都认为王亚平是“最美丽的宇航员”。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“In 2013, her space dream came true. Shenzhou-10 sent her to space. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.”可知，2013年，她的太空梦想实现了。神舟十号将她送入太空。她于2021年加入神舟十三号团队，第二次进入太空。故选D。
40．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员——王亚平。故选C。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．A
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员一天的工作和生活。
41．细节理解题。根据“The astronauts started work at 8: 00 a. m. Beijing time on Friday. They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements (微量元素) in the air in four hours. Then, they had two hours for lunch and rest.” 宇航员上午检查宇宙飞船，然后午餐、休息，即c-a；根据“Afternoon work began at 2 o’clock. On arriving at the center at about 4 p. m. , Nie Haishang and Tang Hongbo replaced the device to clean up CO2.”可知下午更换设备，即e；根据“Later in the afternoon, astronauts did some exercises.”可知随后锻炼，即b；再根据“It is one of the most important ways to help them know about things happening on the ground. Then, such as watching movies, playing music, talking to their families and so on They went to sleep at about 10 o’clock.”可知晚上有娱乐活动，比如看电影，即d，正确顺序是c-a-e-b-d。故选D。
42．词义推断题。根据“Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day. ”可知，此处指聂海盛和地面上的同事沟通工作。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements in the air in four hours.”、“Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day.”和“After dinner, they started watching “Xinwen Lianbo”, the most-watched daily TV news program in China.”可知，文中介绍了检测微量元素、汇报工作安排和看电视节目。故选B。
44．最佳标题题。根据“Let’s take a look at the astronauts’ life in space.”可知，本文介绍了宇航员一天的工作和生活。故选A。
45．D 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员在太空中的健康问题。
45．细节理解题。根据“Muscle and bone loss”，“Sleep disorder”和“Brain change”可知，没有提到会头疼，故选D。
46．词句猜测题。根据“In a weightless environment, astronauts don’t need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking.”可知，在失重环境中，宇航员不需要用肌肉来支撑自己，所以他们的肌肉开始萎缩。此处“shrinking”的意思是“萎缩”，故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light.”可知，宇航员现在有单独的睡眠舱来帮助隔绝一些光线。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during space flight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That’s why some astronauts can’t control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth.”可知，科学家们发现，在太空飞行中，大脑的位置会发生变化。它会影响大脑处理我们的视觉、保持平衡和活动的方式。这就是为什么一些宇航员在返回地球后无法控制他们的运动和平衡。故选B。
49．最佳标题题。本文介绍了宇航员在太空中的健康问题，选项D“太空中的健康问题”符合主题，故选D。
50．C 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
50．词义猜测题。根据“the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. ”可知，孙悟空有一双能分辨善恶的火眼金睛，所以划线单词表示“邪恶” ，故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. ”可知，天宫空间站是中国航天员在太空中的家园。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan.”可知，“天问”因屈原的诗《天问》而得名，故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，它们都眼光敏锐，故选A。
54．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么有意义的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
55．C 56．B 57．C 58．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了北航大学教授桂海潮实现了他飞往太空的梦想。
55．细节理解题。根据“Gui Haichao is a young professor at Beihang University. On May 30, 2023, he arrived at China’s space station by Shenzhou XVI spacecraft.”可知，桂海潮是大学教授也是宇航员，故选C。
56．词句猜测题。根据“which he gained a lot of knowledge about space.”可知从这里面可以获得太空的知识，因此推测是百科全书。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据“In the eyes of his students, Gui is positive (乐观的) and open-minded, seldom affected by a bad mood. In the face of setbacks (挫折), he quickly cheers himself up and gets back to his work with passion.”可知他是积极向上，思想开放，能很快振作起来的。故选C。
58．推理判断题。根据“In his second year of high school, he listened to the campus radio and got the news of Yang Liwei’s first space flight for China.”可知没有讲述杨利伟是他的老师，故选B。
59．A 60．B 61．B 62．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国航天员汤洪波。
59．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国航天员汤洪波。故这篇文章可能来自于报纸。故选A。
60．推理判断题。根据“Tang Hongbo became the first astronaut to return to the ‘Tiangong’ and the Chinese astronaut with the shortest interval (间隔) between two missions so far”可知，汤洪波成为第一个返回“天宫”的宇航员，也是迄今为止两次任务之间间隔最短的中国宇航员，故可推测出，中国没有像汤洪波那样返回“天宫”的宇航员。故选B。
61．词句猜测题。根据“Always being ready to go to space for the motherland is my dream and responsibility when I joined the astronaut team. It has never changed”可知，随时准备为祖国去太空是汤洪波加入航天员队时的梦想和责任。它从未改变过，故此处的it指代“汤洪波的梦想”。故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据“Here, this ‘post-70s’ constantly improved himself by hard work—he was at the bottom of the class in physical tests, and he ran on the playground every day until he got ‘excellent’”可知，在这里，这位“70后”通过努力不断提高自己——体能测试成绩全班垫底，每天在操场上跑步，直到获得“优秀”。故选项C“他进大学时得了‘优秀’”表述错误。故选C。
63．B 64．A 65．B 66．C 67．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位名叫桂海潮的宇航员的太空梦想成真的故事。
63．细节理解题。根据“China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship was launched on May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日神州16号发射，故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据“Since childhood, he has had a strong interest in science and dreamed flying into the space one day.”可知他儿时梦想着飞到太空。故选A。
65．词义猜测题。根据“His hard work paid off when he go into Beihang University successfully in 2005.”可知他成功地进入到了北航学习，说明他的艰苦的工作应是得到了回报。故选B。
66．细节理解题。根据“When he was a student, he was really hard-working.”及“It’s time for me to do something for our country”可知桂海潮是很勤奋的，并且也很爱国。故选C。
67．主旨大意题。根据“Gui Haichao has set a good example for teenagers. Nothing is impossible if we put our hearts into it.”可知本文通过讲桂海潮的故事鼓励了青少年。告诉我们，如果我们用心去做没有事情是不可能的。故选D。
航天航空
（一）
①Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!
②For astronauts in space, exercise is important. The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise There is a spin bike (健身车), a treadmill (跑步机), and other fitness equipment (设备) in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to work out.
③Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station How do they keep themselves clean Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. Astronauts can wipe themselves clean with a wet towel (毛巾) .
④What do astronauts eat in the space station There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like Kung Pao Chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork. There is a special “fridge” to store the food. It’s made of “aerogel (气凝胶) ”. The food stays cool in it.
⑤What if astronauts miss their families There is special communication equipment in the space station. Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their families. Usually, the astronauts wear earphones. It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position (位置) .
⑥What do you think of the lives of the astronauts
1．In Paragraph 1, the writer leads into the topic by ________.
A．using sayings B．listing numbers
C．asking questions D．giving examples
2．Which of the following is TRUE from the text
A．Astronauts hardly exercise in the space station.
B．Astronauts use dry towels to clean their bodies.
C．Nothing delicious is available in the space station.
D．It’s easy for astronauts to talk with their families.
3．What’s the main purpose of the text
A．To tell the lives of the astronauts in space.
B．To describe the difficulties of living in space.
C．To invite people to travel to the space station.
D．To introduce China’s Tiangong space station.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B．
C． D．
（二）
When the first person looked up at the sky, the imagination of the space began. In China, there are many stories about the exploration of space.
Thousands of years ago, there was a lady named Chang’e who flew to the Moon and lived there. It’s a story just living in myths (神话). In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used the machine which was made of a chair, some fireworks and a kite as a rocket. He wanted to go into the space but failed. He was considered as the first human to try to explore the space.
In 2003, when Shenzhou V successfully set off, Yang Liwei’s words “ask for instructions to go to the war” brought tears (眼泪) to our eyes. Carrying the flying dream of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, the first “space visitor” of China, excellently completed his task. It started the space age for the Chinese. In 2008, Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng returned to space by Shenzhou VIl. Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. “I am out of the capsule (太空舱), I feel good,” he told the world proudly.
In the following years, China kept on making its way to explore more about the space. Especially in the recent two years, China has launched (发射) Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV. Six astronauts have been sent into the space.
From 2003 to 2022, China’s manned space-flight has gone through about twenty years of hard, but successful journey. With the take-off again and again, Chinese people go farther and farther in space, but our dream is getting closer and closer.
In the near future, Chinese people will be sent to the Moon and land on it.
5．How did the writer show people’s imagination of the space in China
A．By telling stories. B．By giving numbers.
C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures.
6．What made Zhai Zhigang feel proud
A．He pushed the Chinese technology.
B．He took the first Chinese spacewalk.
C．He finished the invention of the Shenzhou VIl.
D．He got the safe returning to the space.
7．What is the right order according to this passage
①The space age for the Chinese started.
②The first Chinese spacewalk was achieved.
③Shenzhou V successfully set off.
④Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV were launched.
A．①③②④ B．①③④② C．③②①④ D．③①②④
8．In which part of the magazine can we read this passage
A．Health. B．Culture. C．Science. D．Business.
（三）
Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space on October 16th, 2021. Wang became the first Chinese woman astronaut to enter Tiangong space station.
Wang was born in January 1980. Her space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment won't change because you are a woman,” she said.
The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. “There’s a red button,” said Wang. “If you can’t stand it, you can press it to stop.” But Wang never used it. “There is no such red button in my heart.” That strong spirit finally made her dream come true in 2013. She joined the team for the Shenzhou X mission (任务).
Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages. “Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness.”
Wang Yaping went a long way before becoming the first woman to enter the Tiangong space station. She sets a good example for all women who dream of going to space.
9．How old was Wang Yaping when she first enter Tiangong space station
A．19. B．38. C．40. D．41.
10．What was Wang Yaping’s job in 2003
A．She was a pilot. B．She was a worker.
C．She was a teacher. D．She was an astronaut.
11．What do Wang Yaping’s words mean in Paragraph 2
A．The space environment is easy to change.
B．Only men can go to space station in the world.
C．Men and women will face the same difficulties in space.
D．Both men and women astronauts can go to space bravely.
12．Why would Wang become blind for a while when training
A．Because she was in a dark room.
B．Because her brain was short of blood.
C．Because there was something wrong with her ears.
D．Because she is a woman, she couldn’t stand the training.
13．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Wang is the first woman astronaut in the world.
B．Wang dreamed of being an astronaut in 2003.
C．It was a short time before Wang made her dream come true.
D．Wang pressed the red button when she became blind after the high-G training.
（四）
The rockets take astronauts and man-made satellites into space. The satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring and research. But how do satellites stay up without falling down
There are two opposite forces (力量) acting on the satellites. One of them is the force of gravitation (地心引力), whi h tries to pull the satellites towards the earth. The other force is created by the rotation (旋转) of the satellite around the earth. This force tries to take the satellite away from the earth. With these two forces, the satellite goes round and round. The gravitational pull of the earth (the force which pulls everything towards the ground) is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.
Everything that goes up has to come down. It is only a matter of time before a satellite comes back to the earth. As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
14．Which of the following uses of satellites is not mentioned
A．Communication. B．Monitoring the weather condition.
C．Doing some researches. D．Taking pictures.
15．The force that pulls the satellite towards the earth is created by ________.
A．the earth B．the satellite itself
C．the rotation of the satellite D．the rope
16．Why can’t the satellite fly away
A．Because of the force from the earth.
B．Because the satellite is too big.
C．Because of the force created by the rotation of the satellite around the earth.
D．Because people on earth have made ropes to tie the satellite tightly.
17．The satellite will finally crashes down to the earth ________.
A．when it flies faster B．when its speed slows down
C．when people cut the rope D．when there is no electricity in it
18．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．There are four forces acting on the satellite.
B．The force of gravitation makes the satellite go round and round.
C．As time goes by, the satellite will finally fall down.
D．The satellite will stay in space forever.
（五）
In 2010, Liu Yang served as a pilot in the air force. Over a period of around 10 years, she achieved a surprising record of safe flights—1,680 hours. Her excellent performance made her stand out among the 15 pilots, and she was chosen to become an astronaut.
It took Liu Yang the next two years to finish some very difficult astronautics courses and hard physical training. One of the most difficult exercises was the rotating chair (旋转椅), which helped astronauts get used to traveling in space. To get full marks, astronauts should stay in the chair for 15 minutes, but Liu Yang was uncomfortable and sick in the first five minutes. She told herself to keep trying harder. She tried her best not to think about the terrible sick feeling, and finally, she made it.
In 2012, Liu Yang made history as China’s first woman astronaut. During the Shenzhou 9 mission (任务), she spent 13 days in space, performing scientific experiments. She also helped the other two astronauts to connect the spaceship with the Chinese space station, Tiangong.
Following her return to the Earth, Liu Yang went to university to study further while balancing the responsibilities for bringing up her two children and continuing her space training. In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission. This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation. Along with her workmates, Liu Yang spent half a year in space, completing several space activities, such as robot arm tests and experimental tasks.
Liu Yang’s second space mission provided her with another wonderful experience, allowing her to show her courage once again. She remains a brave woman astronaut who shows that dreams can come true with determination (决心) and hard work.
19．What does Paragraph 2 try to tell us
A．No pains, no gains.
B．Practice makes perfect.
C．All roads lead to Rome.
D．Learn to walk before you run.
20．How many astronauts were on the Shenzhou 14 spaceship
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
21．Before boarding the Shenzhou 14 spaceship, Liu Yang was ________.
A．nervous B．excited C．surprised D．confident
22．Which shows the correct order of Liu’s lifetime
a. Liu started her second space flight.
b. Liu worked as a pilot for about 10 years.
c. Liu furthered her education at university.
d. Liu spent 13 days on the Shenzhou 9 task.
e. Liu was picked as one of China’s astronauts out of 15 pilots.
A．b,e,d,c,a B．b,e,c,a,d
C．e,b,c,a,d D．e,c,b,d,a
（六）
①The three Shenzhou-16 astronauts gave the fourth “Tiangong Class” to students on the Earth from the space station on September 21st, 2023. Are you interested in Chinese astronauts’ life in space
②Inside Tianhe, the core module (核心仓) of China’s space station, there are different areas (区域) for Chinese astronauts to work and live. There is a table and some machines in the dining area. The astronauts are able to enjoy over 120 kinds of food. Most of them are traditional dishes like gongbao chicken. They can even have ice-cream!
③Chinese astronauts can also get much physical exercise to keep healthy. For example, they can run and ride a bicycle in the exercise area. There are bedrooms in the sleeping area, but they have to sleep in sleeping bags. I once wonder if they could take a shower in the space station. Now I know the fact is that they only use their own wet towels to clean their bodies.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
23．When was the fourth “Tiangong Class”
A．On September 21st, 2022.
B．On September 20th, 2023.
C．On September 21st, 2023.
24．Which of the following is right according to the passage
A．There is a bicycle in Shenzhou-16.
B．The astronauts can not eat ice-cream in space.
C．The astronauts work and live in the same area in Shenzhou-16.
25．Where do the astronauts in Shenzhou-16 sleep
A．On beds. B．In sleeping bags. C．On the floor.
26．What does “towels” in paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．塑料 B．稻草 C．毛巾
27．What is this passage mainly about
A．Chinese astronauts’ life in space.
B．China’s space station.
C．Tiangong Class.
（七）
In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, 13 Chinese astronauts have “reached for the stars”. Zhai Zhigang,Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are three them. They carried out lots of important missions. Have you ever dreamed of becoming an astronaut like them How did they get there
To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs are important. You’d better not have other small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (蛀牙) could get worse in space and bring trouble to astronauts, as Pang Zhihao, a space scientist, told the Beijing Morning Post.
You also need to become stronger with hard training. You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. Besides, you need to build your muscles as strong as athletes by running and swimming. You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. This is like doing tasks during a spacewalk.
Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, spacecraft design, physics and many more. So they will know what to do when emergencies (突发事件) happen during the mission (任务).
28．Among all the 13 Chinese astronauts, ________ is the first astronaut into space.
A．Yang Liwei B．Zhai Zhigang
C．Wang Yaping D．Ye Guangfu
29．Among the four students below, who has the most chances of becoming an astronaut
A．Mary—She is healthy and just has a decayed tooth.
B．Tom—He flies 1000 hours with only one accident.
C．James—He is able to do tasks underwater for more than eight hours with no stop.
D．John—He is good at music and physics.
30．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
31．In the following part after this text, what will the writer most probably talk about
A．How to keep healthy.
B．How to train hard.
C．How to deal with emergencies.
D．How to learn well.
32．Which of the following might be the best title
A．To be an astronaut is interesting
B．How to become an astronaut
C．Fight to be healthier
D．Get ready for emergencies
（八）
Have you ever seen people building houses To build a house, you need workers. They use their hands, tools (工具) and machines to put things together. Building the International Space Station (国际空间站) is the same. The difference is that the workers are astronauts. They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work.
In the space station, astronauts are comfortable. The temperature there is about 21℃. But outside of the station, it can be too hot or cold for people. In the sunlight (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits.
These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space. Each time people go into space, they leave rubbish there. So astronauts should be careful because there’s a lot of rubbish, and some rubbish goes many times as fast as a plane!
Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous. So getting ready for it takes a lot of time to learn. Astronauts will need to do 160 space walks to finish their work in the space station. That will take about 1,900 man-hour work.
33．What’s the temperature in space station
A．About 21℃. B．About 120℃.
C．About -85℃. D．We don’t know.
34．The astronauts build the space station with ________.
A．scientists’ hands B．some machines
C．robots’ arms and hands D．workers’ hands
35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Space walking is very safe.
B．Space walking is difficult.
C．Space walking is very comfortable.
D．Astronauts needn’t wear spacesuits when walking in space.
36．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “spacesuits” in the passage
A．太空服 B．防弹衣 C．雨衣 D．防护服
37．Why do astronauts need to wear spacesuits when walking in space
①keep astronauts from too hot or cold temperature
②help astronauts flying in space
③keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space
④help astronauts take food with them
A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．③④
（九）
Online classes in space got lots of interests in Chinese students. The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth. The space classes make the young be proud of our country. As a special “teacher”, they all think Wang Yaping is “the most beautiful astronaut”.
Wang Yaping was born in a small village in Shandong in 1980. She studied hard all those years. She was good at all subjects and sports. Luckily, at the age of seventeen, the Air Force (空军), Changchun Flight Academy, accepted her.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a man astronaut. When will China have a woman one ” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. In 2013, her space dream came true. Shenzhou-10 sent her to space. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.
However, it is difficult to be an astronaut. She has to experience a lot of pain (痛苦) that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. That finally made her dream come true.
“You are on the way to success as long as you stick to (坚持) your dreams,” Wang Yaping said. She set a good example to the young.
38．What do Chinese students think of Wang Yaping
A．She is a good student in a school.
B．She is a good teacher in a school.
C．She is the most beautiful astronaut.
D．She is a good farmer in a small village.
39．What can we know from the passage
A．Shenzhou-10 sent Wang to space in 2003.
B．Wang did well in all subjects but not sports.
C．Wang’s training was different from men astronauts.
D．Wang flew into the space for the second time in 2021.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．The Special Space Classes B．The Life in Space Station
C．The First Chinese Woman Astronaut D．The Team of Shenzhou-13
（十）
Astronauts’ (宇航员) daily life in the space station may be new and interesting for people on Earth. Let’s take a look at the astronauts’ life in space.
The astronauts started work at 8: 00 a. m. Beijing time on Friday. They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements (微量元素) in the air in four hours. Then, they had two hours for lunch and rest.
Afternoon work began at 2 o’clock. On arriving at the center at about 4 p. m. , Nie Haishang and Tang Hongbo replaced the device to clean up CO2. This can give astronauts a better living place and support life in the space station.
Later in the afternoon, astronauts did some exercises. It is one of the most useful ways to keep healthy in space. While Liu Boming exercised on the space bike and Tang was on the treadmill, Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day.
After dinner, they started watching “Xinwen Lianbo”, the most-watched daily TV news program in China. The team on the ground send news programs to the astronauts on time every day. It is one of the most important ways to help them know about things happening on the ground. Then, such as watching movies, playing music, talking to their families and so on. They went to sleep at about 10 o’clock.
This is a day in China’s space station Tiangong.
41．In what order did the astronauts do the following things
a. Had lunch and took a rest.
b. Did some exercises.
c. Checked the spaceship.
d. Had fun time watching movies.
e. Replaced the device.
A．c-a-b-e-d B．b-c-a-e-d C．b-e-c-a-d D．c-a-e-b-d
42．What does the underlined word “crew” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．friends B．families C．workmates D．relatives
43．Which of the following activity is NOT mentioned (提及) in the passage
A．Reporting plans for the next day.
B．Walking around the space station.
C．Collecting trace elements.
D．Watching daily TV news programs.
44．What is the best title for the passage
A．A day in space. B．The space station Tiangong.
C．A trip to space. D．Astronauts’ work in space.
（十一）
Many people dream of traveling into outer space, However, spending too much time in space may cause health problems, according to NASA．That’s why astronauts shouldn’t spend more than six months on the International Space Station (ISS) at a time.
Muscle and bone loss
In a weightless environment, astronauts don’t need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking. To keep their muscles strong, astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS.
Sleep disorder
In space, the sun rises every 90 minutes. It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light-dark cycle when they sleep. Also, they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall, and it is uncomfortable. Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light. Still, studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night, even though they should have eight and a half hours.
Brain change
Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during space flight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That’s why some astronauts can’t control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth. Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more space flights. But they still need to do more research.
45．According to the passage, astronauts may have the following health problems EXCEPT ________.
A．bone loss B．sleep disorder C．brain changes D．headache
46．The underlined word “shrinking” in the second paragraph means ________.
A．改变 B．颤抖 C．萎缩 D．膨胀
47．Astronauts sleep in individual sleeping pods to ________.
A．shut out light B．enjoy a quiet place
C．need to do more research. D．stay warm at night
48．Some astronauts have problems controlling their movement and balance after returning to the Earth because ________.
A．they are not good at staying balanced
B．they are affected by the change of the position of the brain during space flight
C．they don’t have enough sleep in space.
D．they don’t have enough room to exercise in space
49．The best title of this passage is ________.
A．Brain Changes in Space B．Travel into outer space
C．Sleep Disorder in Space D．Health Problems in Space
（十二）
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the name s of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after a Chinese superhero the Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace (天宫)”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet (诗人) from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
50．The underlined word “evil” means “________”.
A．诚恳 B．善良 C．邪恶 D．丑陋
51．What is Tiangong used for
A．It’s used for searching dark matter. B．It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space.
C．It’s used to explore (探索) the Mars. D．It’s used to send astronauts to the space.
52．China’s Mars mission, Tianwen, is named after ________.
A．a superhero B．a book C．a palace D．a poem
53．What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common
A．They’re both sharp-eyed. B．They’re both superheroes.
C．They both help the good and punish the bad. D．They both help with scientific studies.
54．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．What Meaningful Names! B．What Beautiful Space!
C．What A Famous Poem! D．What A Sweet Dream!
（十三）
A Universty Professor Turns Into an Astronaut
Gui Haichao is a young professor at Beihang University. On May 30, 2023, he arrived at China’s space station by Shenzhou XVI spacecraft. He has become an idol for numerous people in China overnight. As a payload expert (载荷专家), he mainly conducted space science experiments. Gui’s story is very inspiring. It shows that dreams can be reached by efforts.
Gui grew up in a rural family in Shi Dian County, Yunnan Province. He loved science as a child. He kept a set of encyclopedias from which he gained a lot of knowledge about space. In his second year of high school, he listened to the campus radio and got the news of Yang Liwei’s first space flight for China. Suddenly, he felt excited, and his interest in exploring (探索) space began. After his college entrance examination, Gui placed first in science in his county, and he was admitted to Beihang University.
Gui studied aircraft design and engineering at university. He got a doctor’s degree after nine years of study. He then went overseas for further study. After returning to China, he taught at his alma mater (母校). He had a dream of moving his beloved scientific work into space.
“I wasted no time in applying,” Gui remembered the moment when he found the notice. In 2018, China made a plan to recruit its third group of astronauts. After several rounds of selection for more than two years, Gui stood out among about 2,500 candidates and became one of the four selected payload experts.
Over the past few years, Gui has got survival training (生存训练) in deserts and been trained to handle those complex equipment (设备). He learned to do experiments in the space environment. The training was a great challenge for him. “I felt very dizzy often,” said Gui. “So I added exercises and used some methods used by pilots.”
As a teacher, Gui was strict about studying. When reviewing essays for students, he would always give the right advice in detail. Gui would sometimes list 30 to 40 suggestions, even pointing out incorrect images. In the eyes of his students, Gui is positive (乐观的) and open-minded, seldom affected by a bad mood. In the face of setbacks (挫折), he quickly cheers himself up and gets back to his work with passion.
Gui has done space experiments in many fields. “I believe that we can finish the mission with our team’s efforts,” he said proudly.
55．What is Gui Haichao
A．A university professor. B．An astronaut. C．Both A and B．
56．What does the underlined word “encyclopedias” probably mean in Chinese
A．绘本 B．百科全书 C．积木
57．As a teacher, what do Gui’s students think of him
A．Strict and sometimes affected by a bad mood.
B．Seldom communicate with his students.
C．Positive, open-minded and can be quickly cheered up.
58．Which of the following is NOT true
A．Besides Gui Haichao, another three more payload experts had been selected in the third group of astronauts’ recruiting.
B．Yang Liwei is Gui’s teacher who interests him in space scientific work.
C．As a payload expert, Gui had to get trainings of survival in deserts and doing experiments in the space environment as well.
Tang Hongbo: The first person to return to the “Tiangong”
On September 16, 2021, before the Shenzhou-12 crew (班组) left the core module (核心舱) of the space station, Tang Hongbo returned to the capsule (舱) and took a turn, secretly promised to himself, “I must come back in the near future”.
Just 2 years and 1 month later, Tang Hongbo’s wish came true—on October 25, 2023, Tang Hongbo appeared at Wen Tian Hall for the second time to meet with Chinese and foreign media reporters.
The difference is that this time he was the leader of the Shenzhou-17 crew to space. From the first manned flight of the space station stage to the second manned flight in the new stage of space station application and development, Tang Hongbo became the first astronaut to return to the “Tiangong” and the Chinese astronaut with the shortest interval (间隔) between two missions so far.
“At this moment, my mood is calm and firm. Always being ready to go to space for the motherland is my dream and responsibility when I joined the astronaut team. It has never changed, and I have never been lazy for a second.” Tang Hongbo said.
In October 1975, Tang Hongbo was born in Xiangtan, Hunan, a place where heroes are born. Growing up with listening to the stories about these great men like Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai, Tang Hongbo also planted a heroic dream in his heart early.
In 1995, he was admitted to the dream college and became a flying cadet (学员). Here, this “post-70s” constantly improved himself by hard work—he was at the bottom of the class in physical tests, and he ran on the playground every day until he got “excellent”.
In the end, Tang Hongbo graduated with honors and became a fighter pilot in the Air Force.
59．The passage might be from ________.
A．a newspaper B．a story book C．a science fiction
60．What can we infer (推测) from Paragraph 3
A．Tang Hongbo isn’t in Shenzhou-17 this time.
B．There is no Chinese astronaut returning to the “Tiangong” like Tang Hongbo.
C．The second manned flight has not applied any new technologies.
61．In Paragraph 4, “it” refers to ________.
A．the astronaut team B．Tang Hongbo’s dream C．Tang Hongbo’s mood
62．Which of the following is NOT true about Tang Hongbo
A．He wanted to grow up like these great men.
B．He was admitted to the dream college when he was 20.
C．He got “excellent” when he entered the college.
China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship was launched on May 30, 2023. One of the three astronauts is a new face that has attracted a lot of attention. He is Gui Haichao, a young professor at Beihang University in Beijing. He is a payload expert (载荷专家)and also became China’s first scientist to land in space.
Gui Haichao was born in a village in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Since childhood, he has had a strong interest in science and dreamed flying into the space one day. He said, “I once dreamed of being able to move my laboratory into space someday.”
When he was a student, he was really hard-working. “In order to spend more time studying, Gui Haichao was always the first one to get up and also the last one to sleep”, said one of his classmates. His hard work paid off when he go into Beihang University successfully in 2005. Nine years later, he got Ph. D．degree (博士学位), and then went abroad for post-doctoral (博士后) research, In 2017, he chose to return to China without thinking twice. “It’s time for me to do something for our country”, said Gui.
Being a payload expert is not easy for him, but he never thinks of giving up. Gui Haichao has set a good example for teenagers. Nothing is impossible if we put our hearts into it.
63．When was China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship launched
A．On May 31, 2023. B．On May 30, 2023.
C．On March 30, 2022. D．On March 30, 2023.
64．What was Gui Haichao’s dream when he was a child
A．To fly into the space. B．To travel around the world.
C．To set up a library in space. D．To be a teacher in a university.
65．What do the underlined words “paid off” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．得不偿失 B．得到回报 C．得道多助 D．得意忘形
66．According to the passage, we can learn that Gui Haichao __________.
A．was born in Beijing B．got Ph.D．degree in 2017
C．is hard-working and loves our country D．became China’s first scientist
67．What’s the purpose (目的) of the passage
A．To tell us something about landing in space.
B．To advise us how to become a payload expert.
C．To show us the real life of Chinese astronauts.
D．To encourage us to make our dreams come true.
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在中国太空空间站是如何生活的。
1．细节理解题。根据“Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station Come along and find out!”可知，第一段是通过问问题来引出话题的，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts can have personal “sky-to-earth” calls with their families.”及“It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position.”可知，宇航员和家人联系是很容易的，故选D。
3．主旨大意题。根据“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station ”及“What do you think of the lives of the astronauts ”可知，本文主要在讲宇航员的空间生活，故选A。
4．篇章结构题。根据“Did you hear of China’s Tiangong space station ”可知，第一段抛问题引出全文，根据“What do you think of the lives of the astronauts ”可知，最后一段作者问对宇航员的看法，中间四段在详细讲解宇航员的太空生活，故选C。
5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国探索太空的过程和发展。
5．细节理解题。根据“In China, there are many stories about the exploration of space. ”及第二段列举的故事可知，作者通过讲故事来展示人们对太空的想象。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. ‘I am out of the capsule(太空舱), I feel good,’ he told the world proudly. ”可知，翟为自己第一次完成太空行走而感到自豪。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“n 2003, when Shenzhou V successfully set off”可知，③排在第一位；根据第三段第三句“ It started the space age for the Chinese.”可知，①排在第二位；根据第三段倒数第二句“Zhai achieved the success of the first Chinese spacewalk. ”可知，②排在第三位；根据第四段第二句“Especially in the recent two years, China has launched(发射) Shenzhou XIII and Shenzhou XIV.”可知，④排在最后。故选D。
8．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中国探索航天的过程，属于科研领域。故选C。
9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第一位女宇航员王亚平的事迹。
9．推理判断题。根据“Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu, went into space on October 16th, 2021.”及“Wang was born in January 1980.”可知王亚平第一次进入天宫空间站时2021-1980=41岁。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据“At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army.”可知2003年时她是一个飞行员。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.”可知太空环境不会因为是女性而改变，从中可知，男性和女性在太空中面临同样的困难。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood.”可知会因为大脑缺血而暂时失明。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Wang’s space dream started in 2003”可知王亚平从2003年开始梦想成为一名宇航员。故选B。
14．D 15．A 16．A 17．B 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人造卫星不会坠落的原理。
14．细节理解题。根据“The satellites are used for communication, weather monitoring and research.”可知卫星用于通信、天气监测和研究，没有提及到照相。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据“One of them is the force of gravitation (地心引力), whi h tries to pull the satellites towards the earth.”可知，将卫星拉向地球的力是由地球产生的。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“The gravitational pull of the earth (the force which pulls everything towards the ground) is like a rope which keeps the satellite from flying away.”可知，因为地球的引力就像一根绳子，防止卫星飞走。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.”可知，当卫星速度减慢时，它最终将坠落地球上。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“As time goes by, the satellite loses its speed, which makes the gravitational pull stronger than the force pulling it away. This makes the satellite crash (坠落) down to the earth.”可知，随着时间的推移，卫星最终会坠落下来。故选C。
19．A 20．B 21．D 22．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员——刘洋。
19．段落大意题。根据第二段“She tried her best not to think about the terrible sick feeling, and finally, she made it.”可知，本段主要介绍她经过艰苦训练获得成功。A选项“没有付出就没有收获。”符合题意。故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据第四段“In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission.”可知，神舟14号有3名宇航员。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段“This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation.”可知这一次她很自信。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2010, Liu Yang served as a pilot in the air force. Over a period of around 10 years”、“Her excellent performance made her stand out among the 15 pilots, and she was chosen to become an astronaut.”、第三段“During the Shenzhou 9 mission (任务), she spent 13 days in space, performing scientific experiments.”、第四段“Following her return to the Earth, Liu Yang went to university to study further while balancing the responsibilities for bringing up her two children and continuing her space training.”和“In June 2022, Liu Yang was chosen as one of the three astronauts for the Shenzhou 14 mission. This time, she started her journey with greater confidence and relaxation.”可知，刘洋做了大约10年的飞行员，然后是刘从15名飞行员中被选为中国宇航员之一，接着是刘在神舟九号任务中度过了13天，返回地球后，刘在大学继续深造，最后是刘开始了她的第二次太空飞行。所以，正确的顺序是b—e—d—c—a。故选A。
23．C 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国神舟十六号宇航员在太空站向地球上的学生们展示了太空中的生活。
23．细节理解题。根据“The three Shenzhou-16 astronauts gave the fourth “Tiangong Class” to students on the Earth from the space station on September 21st, 2023.”可知，第四次天宫课堂在2023年9月21日。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“For example, they can run and ride a bicycle in the exercise area.”可知，神舟十六号有自行车。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“There are bedrooms in the sleeping area, but they have to sleep in sleeping bags.”可知，他们在睡袋里睡觉。故选B。
26．词句猜测题。根据“ I once wonder if they could take a shower in the space station. Now I know the fact is that they only use their own wet towels to clean their bodies.”可知，宇航员们不能洗淋浴，只能用湿毛巾清洁身体，由此可猜测towels意为“毛巾”。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据“Are you interested in Chinese astronauts’ life in space ”可知，本文主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空的生活。故选A。
28．A 29．C 30．B 31．C 32．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员。
28．细节理解题。根据“In 2003, China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. ”可知杨利伟是第一个进入太空的宇航员。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet”可知你还需要穿上200公斤重的潜水服，在水下完成6到7个小时的任务，不吃不上厕所，可推知选项C“詹姆斯——他能在水下不停地完成八个多小时的任务”符合。故选C。
30．篇章结构题。第一段是总结段，介绍了部分宇航员；第二、三、四段主要介绍成为一名合格宇航员具备的条件。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据“So they will know what to do when emergencies (突发事件) happen during the mission”可知宇航员知道在执行任务期间发生紧急情况时该怎么办，故接下来会谈论如何处理紧急情况。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员。故选B。
33．A 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了建造国际空间站的过程和宇航员的工作环境。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“The temperature there is about 21℃.”可知，空间站的温度约为21℃。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段“The difference is that the workers are astronauts. They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work.”可知，宇航员建造空间站使用机器人的手臂和手。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous.”可知，太空行走很难。故选B。
36．词义猜测题。根据第二段“ So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes— spacesuits.”可知，spacesuit是宇航员在太空行走时穿得衣服，因此spacesuits的意思是“太空服”。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the sunlight (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits”和第三段“These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space.”可知，太空服可以防止宇航员的温度过高或过低，并且可以免受太空垃圾飞行的伤害。故选C。
38．C 39．D 40．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员——王亚平。
38．细节理解题。根据“As a special ‘teacher’, they all think Wang Yaping is ‘the most beautiful astronaut’.”可知，作为一名特殊的“老师”，他们都认为王亚平是“最美丽的宇航员”。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“In 2013, her space dream came true. Shenzhou-10 sent her to space. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.”可知，2013年，她的太空梦想实现了。神舟十号将她送入太空。她于2021年加入神舟十三号团队，第二次进入太空。故选D。
40．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国首位女性宇航员——王亚平。故选C。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．A
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员一天的工作和生活。
41．细节理解题。根据“The astronauts started work at 8: 00 a. m. Beijing time on Friday. They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements (微量元素) in the air in four hours. Then, they had two hours for lunch and rest.” 宇航员上午检查宇宙飞船，然后午餐、休息，即c-a；根据“Afternoon work began at 2 o’clock. On arriving at the center at about 4 p. m. , Nie Haishang and Tang Hongbo replaced the device to clean up CO2.”可知下午更换设备，即e；根据“Later in the afternoon, astronauts did some exercises.”可知随后锻炼，即b；再根据“It is one of the most important ways to help them know about things happening on the ground. Then, such as watching movies, playing music, talking to their families and so on They went to sleep at about 10 o’clock.”可知晚上有娱乐活动，比如看电影，即d，正确顺序是c-a-e-b-d。故选D。
42．词义推断题。根据“Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day. ”可知，此处指聂海盛和地面上的同事沟通工作。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“They finished a check of the spaceship and collected trace elements in the air in four hours.”、“Nie reported to the crew on the ground about the day’s work and plans for the next day.”和“After dinner, they started watching “Xinwen Lianbo”, the most-watched daily TV news program in China.”可知，文中介绍了检测微量元素、汇报工作安排和看电视节目。故选B。
44．最佳标题题。根据“Let’s take a look at the astronauts’ life in space.”可知，本文介绍了宇航员一天的工作和生活。故选A。
45．D 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员在太空中的健康问题。
45．细节理解题。根据“Muscle and bone loss”，“Sleep disorder”和“Brain change”可知，没有提到会头疼，故选D。
46．词句猜测题。根据“In a weightless environment, astronauts don’t need to use their muscles to support themselves, so their muscles start shrinking.”可知，在失重环境中，宇航员不需要用肌肉来支撑自己，所以他们的肌肉开始萎缩。此处“shrinking”的意思是“萎缩”，故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods (分离仓) that help shut out some of the light.”可知，宇航员现在有单独的睡眠舱来帮助隔绝一些光线。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during space flight. It can affect how the brain deal with how we see, stay balanced and move around. That’s why some astronauts can’t control their movement and balance after returning to the Earth.”可知，科学家们发现，在太空飞行中，大脑的位置会发生变化。它会影响大脑处理我们的视觉、保持平衡和活动的方式。这就是为什么一些宇航员在返回地球后无法控制他们的运动和平衡。故选B。
49．最佳标题题。本文介绍了宇航员在太空中的健康问题，选项D“太空中的健康问题”符合主题，故选D。
50．C 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
50．词义猜测题。根据“the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. ”可知，孙悟空有一双能分辨善恶的火眼金睛，所以划线单词表示“邪恶” ，故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. ”可知，天宫空间站是中国航天员在太空中的家园。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan.”可知，“天问”因屈原的诗《天问》而得名，故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，它们都眼光敏锐，故选A。
54．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么有意义的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
55．C 56．B 57．C 58．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了北航大学教授桂海潮实现了他飞往太空的梦想。
55．细节理解题。根据“Gui Haichao is a young professor at Beihang University. On May 30, 2023, he arrived at China’s space station by Shenzhou XVI spacecraft.”可知，桂海潮是大学教授也是宇航员，故选C。
56．词句猜测题。根据“which he gained a lot of knowledge about space.”可知从这里面可以获得太空的知识，因此推测是百科全书。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据“In the eyes of his students, Gui is positive (乐观的) and open-minded, seldom affected by a bad mood. In the face of setbacks (挫折), he quickly cheers himself up and gets back to his work with passion.”可知他是积极向上，思想开放，能很快振作起来的。故选C。
58．推理判断题。根据“In his second year of high school, he listened to the campus radio and got the news of Yang Liwei’s first space flight for China.”可知没有讲述杨利伟是他的老师，故选B。
59．A 60．B 61．B 62．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国航天员汤洪波。
59．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国航天员汤洪波。故这篇文章可能来自于报纸。故选A。
60．推理判断题。根据“Tang Hongbo became the first astronaut to return to the ‘Tiangong’ and the Chinese astronaut with the shortest interval (间隔) between two missions so far”可知，汤洪波成为第一个返回“天宫”的宇航员，也是迄今为止两次任务之间间隔最短的中国宇航员，故可推测出，中国没有像汤洪波那样返回“天宫”的宇航员。故选B。
61．词句猜测题。根据“Always being ready to go to space for the motherland is my dream and responsibility when I joined the astronaut team. It has never changed”可知，随时准备为祖国去太空是汤洪波加入航天员队时的梦想和责任。它从未改变过，故此处的it指代“汤洪波的梦想”。故选B。
62．细节理解题。根据“Here, this ‘post-70s’ constantly improved himself by hard work—he was at the bottom of the class in physical tests, and he ran on the playground every day until he got ‘excellent’”可知，在这里，这位“70后”通过努力不断提高自己——体能测试成绩全班垫底，每天在操场上跑步，直到获得“优秀”。故选项C“他进大学时得了‘优秀’”表述错误。故选C。
63．B 64．A 65．B 66．C 67．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位名叫桂海潮的宇航员的太空梦想成真的故事。
63．细节理解题。根据“China’s Shenzhou-16 spaceship was launched on May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日神州16号发射，故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据“Since childhood, he has had a strong interest in science and dreamed flying into the space one day.”可知他儿时梦想着飞到太空。故选A。
65．词义猜测题。根据“His hard work paid off when he go into Beihang University successfully in 2005.”可知他成功地进入到了北航学习，说明他的艰苦的工作应是得到了回报。故选B。
66．细节理解题。根据“When he was a student, he was really hard-working.”及“It’s time for me to do something for our country”可知桂海潮是很勤奋的，并且也很爱国。故选C。
67．主旨大意题。根据“Gui Haichao has set a good example for teenagers. Nothing is impossible if we put our hearts into it.”可知本文通过讲桂海潮的故事鼓励了青少年。告诉我们，如果我们用心去做没有事情是不可能的。故选D。
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料