Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2023浙江1月]Thanks to Beijing’s long history as the capital of China， almost every hutong has its stories， and some are even associated with historic events.
2.[2023浙江1月]Over the past few years， many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators（传粉昆虫）， resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.
3.[2021天津]More engagement with the arts is linked to/with a higher level of people’s wellbeing.
4.[2020全国Ⅰ]It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity， however， says Jaclyn Norberg， an assistant （assist） professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem， Mass.
点拨
该句中an...（assist） professor... Mass作Jaclyn Norberg的同位语，此处表示助理教授，应用assistant professor。assistant为形容词，意为"助理的，副的"。
5.[浙江高考]Her friends came to help her when the war broke out .
6.[全国Ⅱ]Frank Hurley， a confident and gifted （gift） Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic， was hired to make the images， most of which have never before been published.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. n.拉手；把手 B. v.处理 C. v.操纵
①[2023浙江1月]Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details， make suggestions， and then handle the actual reservations. B
②[2022全国甲]The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. C
③[江苏高考]—What happened？ Your boss seems to fly off the handle.
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press？ A
点拨
handle"把手，拉手"。fly off the handle是固定短语，意为"勃然大怒"。
2.A. 倒出 B. （雨）倾盆而下 C. 不断涌向
①[2022全国甲]He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. A
②[2021全国乙]People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. C
③[全国Ⅲ]Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave， it was pouring outside. B
点拨
pour sth. into sth.表示"向……投入大量金钱，大量投资于"，是一种更为生动形象的高级表达，写作时可酌情使用。比如：I have poured more time and energy into what I really like since then.
3.A. 改变 B.挪动 C. 移动
①[2021北京]In pre-Classical Greece， for instance， people "corrected" official calendars by shifting dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season. C
②[2020新高考Ⅰ]It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. B
③[2020江苏]They shifted their viewpoints frequently. A
4.[2023新高考Ⅱ]More recently， as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway， artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers， pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. adj.未经加工的
5.[2020天津]"Small does not mean weak， sir，" she defended herself. "I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay（黏土） figure would not exhaust my strength — and that is what I intend to do！" v.辩解
6.[天津高考]I liked facts， things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument. adj.具体的
7.[江苏高考]People not only cast on-line votes themselves， but also urge others to vote for competitions like the "Most Beautiful Teacher" and the "Cutest Baby". v.投票
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——学习的榜样
你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以A role model to learn from为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.榜样的优秀品质；
2.获得的启示。
◎写作要点
1.屠呦呦是我学习的榜样，她是一位杰出的医学科学家。（outstanding）
A role model for me to learn from is Tu Youyou，an outstanding scientist in medicine.
2.她和她的团队即使失败了很多次，也从不气馁。（frustrated）
She and her team never got frustrated even though they failed many times.
3.此外，他们甚至在自己身上测试药物以确保其安全性。（besides）
Besides， they even tested medicine on themselves to make sure of its safety.
4.多亏了她，感染并死于疟疾的人数在减少。（thanks to，come down，decrease）
Thanks to her， the number of people who come down with and die from malaria is on the decrease.
5.屠呦呦是一位如此有天赋且勤奋的科学家，我决心向她学习，并把我的大部分精力都投入到学习中去。（gifted，pour）
Tu Youyou is such a gifted and hard-working scientistthat I am determined to learn from her and pour most of my effort into my study.
6.最重要的是，我将持续做我喜欢的并且对人类有用的事情。（above all）
Above all， I’ll keep doing what I like and what is helpful to humans.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
A role model to learn from
A role model for me to learn from is Tu Youyou， an outstanding scientist in medicine.
Of all her excellent qualities， what impresses me most is that she and her team never got frustrated even though they failed many times. Besides， they even tested medicine on themselves to make sure of its safety. Thanks to her， the number of people who come down with and die from malaria is on the decrease.
In my eyes， Tu Youyou is such a gifted and hard-working scientist that I am determined to learn from her and pour most of my effort into my study. Above all， I’ll keep doing what I like and what is helpful to humans.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"手部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 wave， throw， point， dig， drag/pull， push， fold， knock， tap， clap/applaud， press， touch， wipe， pat， rub， catch/grab/grasp 抓住， scratch抓挠， tear撕 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.当李老师给她颁奖的时候，全班热烈鼓掌。她羞涩地微笑了一下，掌声震耳欲聋。 The class clapped warmly as Mr Lee presented her with the award. She gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. 2.她伸出一根手指按在唇上，示意我们安静。 She lifted a finger to her lips ， signaling us to be quiet. 3.他提高声音，不耐烦地用手指咚咚地敲着桌子。 Raising his voice， he drummed his fingers on the table impatiently . 4.我想她可能也害怕，所以我伸出手来握住她的手，用另一只手拍她的背。 I thought she might be scared too， so I held out my hand to hold hers， patting her on the back with the other. （第二空现在分词作状语） 5.她温柔地将小鸟捧在手心，仔细查看它有没有受伤。 She cupped the little bird in her hands gently to check carefully whether it was injured. 6.这个女人放开了丈夫的手，她的头垂了下来，嘴唇开始颤抖。他们买不起五张票让所有孩子都去动物园。 The woman let go of her husband’s hand ， her head dropped， and her lips began to shake. They couldn’t afford five tickets to take all their children to the zoo.
词 组 1.hold out/reach out one’s hand伸出手 2.hand in hand手拉手 3.with one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头 4.cup ... in one’s hands将……捧在手心 5.raise/put up one’s hand举手 6.spread one’s hands摊开双手 7.lift/hold a warning finger伸出一根手指警告 8.lift/hold a finger to one’s lips伸出一根手指按在唇上 9.drum one’s fingers on sth.用手指咚咚地敲某处 10.shake hands warmly热情地握手 11.let go of one’s hand放开某人的手
佳 句 1.He slid his hands into his pocket，pulled outsome change and handed it to me.他把手伸进口袋，掏出一些零钱递给我。 2.He patted me on the head， held my hands gently and told me not to worry.他拍拍我的头，轻轻地握住我的手，告诉我不要担心。 3.His fingers were light on the keys， and they even danced on the keys like a joyful bird. 他的手指轻触琴键，甚至像一只欢快的小鸟一样在琴键上跳舞。Unit 2 Bridging Cultures
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2023全国乙]She qualified （qualify） as a surgeon in 1813， then joined the British Army， serving overseas.
点拨
qualify as sth.取得资格（或学历），合格。qualify的形容词为qualified， be qualified for/to do sth. "具备……的学历（资历、知识、技能），符合资格"；名词为qualification"资格，学历，资历"。
2.[2023浙江1月]With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever， why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？ Compared to other alternatives， it’s comfortable （comfort） and relaxing.
3.[2023浙江1月]As you make your lifestyle changes， you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing， which can turn itself into a whole household debate.
4.[2022新高考Ⅱ]"We need something on the books that can change people’s behavio（u）r （behave），" said Félix W. Ortiz.
5.[2021新高考Ⅰ]Millions of waterfowl（水禽） were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious （ambition） sportsmen.
6.[2020全国Ⅰ]The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
7.[全国Ⅱ]So how should you motivate yourself？More than that， how should you stay motivated （motivate） to achieve the goal？
8.[北京高考]One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen （strength） new memories.
9.[天津高考]Once， after a trip to Hollywood， I returned to Australia so depressed （depress）and spent months in my bedroom painting， listening to Eckhart Tolle’s music and trying to find myself again.
点拨
注意分析本句的句子结构，"I returned to Australia"结构完整，不缺成分，空处应用形容词作状语，描述主语的状态。形容词（短语）作状语的例子还有：He arrived home， hungry and tired.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.[2021新高考Ⅰ]In 1934， with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act（Act）， an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory（迁徙的） waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. adj.坚决的，强有力的
2.[2021全国甲]Older and wiser now， Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion（莽撞）."I have matured and I admit responsibility for my actions，" he said in the letter. v.成熟，长大（成人）
点拨
mature常用作形容词，表示"成熟的"，在此活用为动词。
3.[全国Ⅰ]A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. n.理解（力），领会
点拨
在写作中，grasp的"抓住"这一含义较为常用，常用表达为grasp the chance/opportunity to do sth.。另外，grasp作名词"理解（力），领会"讲时，其结构have a good grasp of常可作为be good at，know...well等的升级表达。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——出国留学的益处
假定你是李华，你校上周举行了关于出国留学优缺点的辩论赛，且你作为正方辩手参赛。应你校英文报纸邀请，请你与同学们分享一下你的观点。要点如下：
1.增强对另一种语言的理解；
2.开阔视野；
3.增加文化交流，传播中华优秀传统文化。
◎写作要点
1.我支持一些学生出国留学的选择。（side with）
I sided with some students’ choice of studying abroad.
2.出国留学有利于我们增强对另一种语言及其背后文化的理解。（strengthen）
Studying abroad is beneficial for us to strengthen our understanding of another language and the culture behind it.
3.参与国外不同的社交活动能开阔我们的视野，有助于我们从不同的视角看世界。（involve，perspective）
Getting involved in different social activities abroad can broaden our horizons and help us see the world from a different perspective.
4.我们有幸能够担任文化使者，传播中华优秀传统文化，促进国家间的文化合作。（envoy，cooperation）
We are honoured to act as cultural envoys， spreading the fine traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural cooperation between nations.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
In the debate，I sided with some students’ choice of studying abroad， and my reasons are as follows.
To begin with， studying abroad is beneficial for us to strengthen our understanding of another language and the culture behind it. Besides， getting involved in different social activities abroad can broaden our horizons and help us see the world from a different perspective. What’s more important is that we are honoured to act as cultural envoys， spreading the fine traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural cooperation between nations.
In summary， studying abroad benefits us so much that it is a wise choice for us to follow.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"臂部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.wave one’s arms 挥动双臂 2.gather/pull sb. into one’s arms 把某人抱在怀中 3.hold out arms 伸出胳膊 4.open/spread/unfold one’s arms＝stretch/throw one’s arms out 张开双臂 5.put/throw one’s arms around sb. 搂住某人 6.take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 7.with one’s arms folded/crossed 双臂交叉 8.arm in arm 臂挽臂 9.under the arm 挟在腋下 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.杰克双臂交叉，一声不吭地站着。 Jack stood silently with his arms folded/crossed .（with复合结构） 2.一看到多年未见的老友从车上下来，她就张开手臂欢快地迎了上去。 At the sight of the old friend she hadn’t seen for years getting off the car， she opened/spread/unfolded her arms ， running towards her cheerfully. 3.看到她最喜欢的乐队在舞台上，她兴奋地挥动双臂。 Seeing her favorite band on stage， she waved her arms excitedly/in excitement . 4.他穿着一件黑外套，腋下挟着一本书，朝办公室走去。 He walked towards the office in a black coat with a book under his arm . 5.一看到母亲，她就搂住母亲，紧紧地拥抱在一起。 At the sight of her mother， she put/threw her arms around her and hugged tightly.
佳 句 1.Staring at the carefully prepared food， Mother gathered her kids into her arms， tears running down her face.母亲看着精心准备的食物，把孩子们抱在怀里，眼泪顺着脸庞流了下来。 2.He took a firm grip of my arm and marched towards the door. 他紧紧抓住我的胳膊，朝门口走去。 3.The teacher bent down， gave this little boy a warm hug and kissed him gently on the forehead.老师弯下腰，给了这个小男孩一个温暖的拥抱，并在他的额头上轻吻了一下。Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023全国乙]It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising （advertise） campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
点拨
本句是一个强调句，被强调的部分是"thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign"。句意：多亏了这些电视节目的厨师们，而不是任何广告宣传活动，英国人正在对双素炖肉和预制菜失去兴趣，且在烹饪习惯上变得更有冒险精神。
2.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich， Switzerland， has found how and why this trend arose （arise）.
点拨
此处表示"已经发现这个趋势如何出现以及为什么出现的"，所以根据句意可知，此处arise这个动作发生在has found之前，空处应该用一般过去时。应注意arise为不规则变化动词，过去式和过去分词分别为arose，arisen。
3.[2021全国甲]It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing （freeze） fog hung in the air.
4.[2021新高考Ⅰ]But that’s how nature is — always leaving us astonished （astonish）.
点拨
此处是"leave＋宾语＋宾补（形容词）"结构，表示"使……处于某种状态"，形容词描述的是宾语us的状态，应用astonished。
5.[2020北京]Pessimists， on the contrary， tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.
6.[全国Ⅰ]If you exercise out of doors， your body will learn to breathe （breath） more deeply， allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉） and your brain.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. n.山峰 B.adj.最佳的
C. adj.最大值的 D.v.达到最大值
①[2022浙江1月]For the study， 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity（心血管容量）. C
②[全国Ⅲ]But that changed when a system of high-tech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks into the valley below. A
③[江苏高考]While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life， global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions（排放） peak. D
④[湖北高考]With every planted food，Loe noted， there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. B
2.[2023全国乙]Jacqueline Felice de Almania（c.1322）highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. v.强调
3.[2021全国乙]I’m worried I’ll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything， even my own name. v.（因害怕等）停住不动
4.[天津高考]A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. n.训练，演习
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——旅游线路推荐
[北京高考]你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择："长江之行"或者"泰山之旅"。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的线路；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。
◎写作要点
1.长江和泰山都是有着宜人风景的著名旅游景点。（pleasant，scenery）
Both the Yangtze River and Mount Tai are famous tourist attractions with pleasant scenery.
2.长江沿线的风景一定会让你惊叹。（alongside，bound，take one’s breath away）
The view alongside the river is bound to take your breath away.
3.它也是整个旅行最精彩的部分。（highlight）
It is also the highlight of the whole journey.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Jim，
I’m happy to receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.
Both the Yangtze River and Mount Tai are famous tourist attractions with pleasant scenery. However， personally， I prefer the Yangtze River， believing the view alongside the river is bound to take your breath away. It is also the highlight of the whole journey.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"腿部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.on shaky/trembling/tired/heavy legs 用颤抖/疲惫/沉重的双腿 2.cross one’s legs 交叉双腿 3.drag one’s heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿 4.break into a run拔腿就跑 5.go down on one’s knee（s）跪下 6.leap/spring from one’s seat从座位上跳起来 7.run for one’s life拼命逃跑 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.他努力向终点跑去，嘴巴干涩，双腿颤抖。 He struggled to run towards the finish line， with his mouth dry and his legs trembling . （with复合结构） 2.他跌坐在沙发中，双腿交叉，用拳头支着下巴，陷入沉思。 He sank in the sofa， crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist， lost in deep thought. 3.他疲惫不堪，拖着两条沉重的腿回到了家。 He dragged his heavy legs back home， tired out. 4.从电视上看到我国运动员赢得比赛的那一刻，我像火箭一样从座位上跳了起来，兴奋地手舞足蹈。 Seeing the players of our country win the game， I leaped/sprang from my seat like a rocket， dancing around with wild excitement. 5.野狗在后面追我，我拼命地跑。 I ran for my life when the wild dog was chasing me.
佳 句 1.No longer hesitating， he jumped/leaped off the truck and ran/rushed/dashed quickly towards the house.他不再犹豫，跳下卡车，飞快地朝房子跑去。 2.He fell over， flat on his back with his legs wide.他摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。 3.Jenny walked slowly to the front，with her legs trembling and her heart bumping nearly out of her chest.珍妮两腿发抖慢慢地走上前去，心都快跳出来了。Unit 3 Food and Culture
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2023全国乙]Many of these species（物种） are not ideally （ideal） suited to growing outside in the UK， especially in the winter.
2.[2022北京]However， a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated （associate） with danger.
3.[2022北京]Tom， a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur（创业者）， witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption （consume） of sugary drinks by kids.
4.[2021北京]Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.
5.[2021浙江1月]Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum （minimize） delay.
6.[2020全国Ⅲ]We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional （exception） museum in Shanghai.
7.[北京高考]This means， for example， that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s， tricking you into "confirming" your address， mother’s name， and card number.
8.[天津高考]Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.[2022全国乙]It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar， putting them at a higher risk of the disease. v.吃，喝，饮
点拨
consume除了表示"吃，喝，饮；消耗"，还可表示"使充满（强烈的感情）"。如：Tom was consumed with anger after hearing the bad news.
2.[2021北京]Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health. v.塞满
点拨
句意：讨论你的问题并解决它们，而不是把它们憋在心里，这样可以改善你的情绪健康。
3.[江苏高考]—Can you tell us your recipe for happiness and a long life？
—Living every day to the full， definitely. n.秘诀
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——健康饮食
假定你是李华，是某中学学生会主席。你发现有些同学在就餐时间吃零食，不去餐厅吃饭。请你写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们注意饮食健康。要点如下：
1.饮食健康的重要性；
2.吃零食的坏处；
3.向同学们发出倡议。
◎写作要点
1.我注意到有些学生在就餐时间吃垃圾食品，不管它有多不健康。（junk food，regardless of）
I notice some students eat junk food at mealtimes regardlessof how unhealthy it is.
2.我认为我们应该拒绝垃圾食品，因为它含有大量的有害成分。（consist of，quantity）
I think we should say no to junk food since it consists of quantities of harmful ingredients.
3.为了保持健康，我们最好吃不同种类的水果和蔬菜，并细嚼慢咽。（consume，category，chew）
In order to keep fit， we’d better consume different categories of fruit and vegetables，chew carefully and swallow slowly.
4.健康饮食对我们保持理想的身材和过高品质的生活来说是必要的。（ideal）
Healthy eating is necessary for us to keep an ideal figure as well as live a high-quality life.
5.我们每个人都需要做出一些根本性的改变，让我们现在就开始吧！（fundamental）
Every one of us is required to make some fundamental changes， and let’s begin from now on！
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear students，
I am Li Hua. I notice some students eat junk food at mealtimes regardless of how unhealthy it is. I think we should say no to it since it consists of quantities of harmful ingredients. Instead， in order to keep fit， we’d better consume different categories of fruit and vegetables， chew carefully and swallow slowly. After all， healthy eating is necessary for us to keep an ideal figure as well as live a high-quality life.
Every one of us is required to make some fundamental changes， and let’s begin from now on！
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"肩部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.carry sth. on one’s shoulder把某物扛在肩上 2.shoulder to shoulder并肩地；齐心协力地 3.give/show/turn the cold shoulder to sb.冷落某人，不理睬某人 4.pat/clap/tap sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀 5.shrug one’s shoulders耸肩，不在乎 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.他正要开门，突然有人从后面拍了拍他的肩膀，吓得他跳了起来。 He was just about to open the door when suddenly someone patted/clapped/tapped him on the shoulder from behind， which made him jump. 2.错过了最后一趟公交车，他把沉重的箱子扛在肩上，沿着无人的街道一路走回了家。 Having missed the last bus， he carried the heavy box on his shoulder along the empty street all the way home. 3.当我问他为什么要这么做时，他只是耸了耸肩，什么都没说。 When I asked him why he had done it， he just shrugged his shoulders and said nothing . 4.他们迈着一致的步伐并肩而行，低着头躲避雨水。 They fell into step， walking shoulder to shoulder with their heads bent against the rain.（现在分词短语作状语）
佳 句 1.As he watched the sunset over the ocean，resting his head on his friend’s shoulder， he couldn’t help but feel a sense of peace and contentment wash over him. 当他看着海洋上的日落，把头靠在朋友肩膀上时，他不禁感到一种平静和满足的感觉涌上心头。 2.Seeing the critical situation before him， he lifted the child onto his shoulder. 看到眼前危急的情况，他一把把孩子扛在肩上。 3.He shouldered his way to the front of the crowd to get a better look.他用肩膀开路挤到人群前面，以便看得更清楚。Unit 5 First Aid
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog， Tiffy， and desperately （desperate） wanted to take her with them.
2.[2021新高考Ⅰ]The next minute， the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked （panic）.
点拨
根据第一句中的boiled和put可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。应注意的是panic的过去式要先加-k再加-ed。
3.[2020新高考Ⅰ]For some moments， John said nothing， but， suddenly， he sprang to his feet （foot） and cried， "I have a great idea！ I have a solution that we can all help accomplish（完成）."
点拨
本单元我们学习的含feet的短语是help sb. to one’s feet，意为"帮助某人站起身来"。注意该短语中用的是feet而不是foot。本题中，sprang to his feet意为"一跃而起，突然站起来"，近两年考查过的含feet的短语还有feet on the ground"脚踏实地"（2021全国甲完形填空第57空的D选项）。
4.[2020北京]The app makes our practical （practice） language lessons available wherever and whenever.
5.[浙江高考]No area was spared or unaffected， from the foggy （fog） northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.
6.[天津高考]After sharing the story online， I heard from someone， who identified the lady as Erin Smith. Without delay， I called to thank her. She said she spotted my wallet on a bus seat.
点拨
句意：在网上分享了这个故事后，有人确认那位女士是Erin Smith。我立即打电话感谢她。她说她在公共汽车座位上发现了我的钱包。根据句意可知，此处表示"立刻，马上"，因此应用without delay，注意空处在句首，首字母要大写。
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. v.溜走 B.v.下降，落下
C. n.小错误 D.v.滑倒
①[2022全国乙]When the sun slipped behind the mountains， it shed a rosy glow all around them. B
②[2020新高考Ⅰ]So， don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. C
③[天津高考]During these waits， the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. A
④[浙江高考]If she should slip， she would fall between the sleepers， into the rapidly flowing stream. D
2.
A. v.（因病等）昏倒 B.v.崩溃；瓦解
C. n.崩溃
①[2021全国乙]One afternoon， while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack. A
②[2021北京]Hundreds of scientists， writers and academics sounded a warning to humanity in an open letter published last December： Policymakers and the rest of us must engage openly with the risk of global collapse. C
③[2020全国Ⅱ]The fur trade kept nutria（海狸鼠） in check for decades， but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s， the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. B
3.[2023新高考Ⅱ]They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight budget. （日程或预算）紧的
点拨
"a tight budget"预算紧张，"a tight schedule"日程紧张。
4.[2021天津]When starting college， most students enjoy a week’s stay on campus before classes actually begin. What should you do with that time？ Below are several tips to ease yourself into college life. v.使熟悉
点拨
ease oneself/sb. into sth.表示"使……熟悉（新事物，尤其是新工作）"。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——对同学进行急救
假设上周日你和Tony去公园野餐，在路上Tony不小心扭伤了左脚，恰好你在学校学过这方面的急救知识，及时对Tony进行了急救。请就此事写一篇短文。内容包括：
1.拨打120求救；
2.把Tony的左脚放在一个较舒适的位置；
3.用冰袋冷敷受伤部位；
4.肿胀减轻后用绷带包扎扭伤部位。
◎写作要点
1.在我们去公园的路上，托尼的左脚受伤了，他迫切需要帮助。（desperate）
Tony’s left foot got injured on our way to the park， and he was in desperate need of help.
2.我没有惊慌，而是马上拨打了120，并且在医生到来之前实施了急救。（delay，panic）
I dialed 120 without delay and performed first aid before the doctors came instead of getting into a panic.
3.我火速赶往附近的一家商店，买了几袋冰来消肿止痛。（swell，ease）
I rushed to a shop nearby and bought bags of ice to reduce the swelling and ease the pain.
4.我用清洁干燥的绷带松松地包裹着伤处。（wrap，loose）
I wrapped the injury loosely with a clean and dry bandage.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Last Sunday， I went to the park with Tony for a picnic. Unfortunately， Tony’s left foot got injured on our way to the park， and he was in desperate need of help.
Luckily， I’d just learned about first aid in school， so I dialed 120 without delay and performed first aid before the doctors came instead of getting into a panic.
First， I put his left foot in a comfortable position. Then I rushed to a shop nearby and bought bags of ice to reduce the swelling and ease the pain. Finally， I wrapped the injury loosely with a clean and dry bandage.Ten minutes later， an ambulance arrived and took Tony to the hospital.
Only then was I aware what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid could make， especially in such a case.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"脚部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 kick， stamp， step， jump， spring； barefoot 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.她拖着脚步，不情愿地跟着她的父母。 She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents. 2.她一听到这个消息就跳了起来，迫不及待地去告诉她的父母。 She jumped/leaped to her feet when she heard the news， and couldn’t wait to tell her parents. 3.她爸爸皱着眉头不耐烦地跺着脚。 Her father frowned and tapped/stamped his feet impatiently . 4.乌云在天空中匆匆飘过，树在狂风中猛烈地摇摆。一场暴风雨似乎要来临。街上的人们都加快了脚步，裹紧了衣服。 Black clouds hurried across the sky， and the trees moved wildly in the wind. It seemed a storm was coming. People on the street all quickened their steps and wrapped their clothes tight. 5.一到家她就脱下鞋子，光着脚飞快地冲到自己卧室里。 On arriving home， she took off her shoes and dashed into her bedroom， barefoot and fast .（副词作状语）
词 组 1.get/rise to one’s feet 站起来 2.jump/leap to one’s feet 跳起来 3.drag one’s feet 拖着脚步；故意拖拉 4.tap/stamp one’s feet 跺脚 5.put one’s feet up 架起双腿休息 6.stand on one’s own feet自立 7.quicken one’s steps加快脚步 8.have/keep one’s feet on the ground脚踏实地
佳 句 1.My feet slipped as I was about to shoot and I missed the ball. 我的脚滑了，那时我正要投篮，我没进球。 2.Keep your eyes on the stars， and your feet on the ground.志存高远，脚踏实地。 3.The news came as a shock to her. She planted her feet firmly to the spot and refused to move.这个消息让她非常震惊。她呆呆地站在原地，一动也不动。 4.He stepped back in astonishment. His eyes grew wide and he couldn’t persuade himself to believe what happened.他惊愕地后退一步，睁大了眼睛，无法说服自己相信发生的一切。
