Unit 1 People of Achievement
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023浙江1月]I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently （apparent） not been used in many years.
2.[2021浙江]He showed us that even a single desire， never given up on， can make for a remarkable （remark） life.
3.[2021天津]It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing.
4.[2021天津]Vital to/for human life， art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes.
5.[2021天津3月]Society pushes us to specialize， to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation， branch of study or research.
6.[2020全国Ⅱ]As a novelist （novel）， I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book.
点拨
以-ist结尾的表示人的名词还有：artist（艺术家）；chemist（化学家）；dentist（牙科医生）；journalist（记者）；scientist（科学家）；tourist（游客）等。
7.[2020全国Ⅲ]I tell my mom that if we’re forced to eat things， we may become ill. But she insists on us eating （eat） healthy food.
8.[2020天津]This led Jones to the conclusion （conclude） that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community， who are easy targets of cheating.
9.[全国Ⅲ]Over 300 years its population grew gradually （gradual） from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.
10.[江苏高考]Diners at bad tables — next to the kitchen door， say — spent nearly as much as others but soon fled （flee）.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. n.流畅 B. v.流动 C.n.流量
①[2023新高考Ⅰ]A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. B
②[2021新高考Ⅰ]His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. A
③[2021北京]We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers， which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes. C
2.[2022北京]This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking — which， in this example， is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system. n.目标
点拨
objective常作形容词，表示"客观的"，出现在观点态度题的选项中。其他常见选项有：supportive（支持的）；positive （积极的）；disapproving （反对的）；neutral （中立的）；complicated （复杂的）；doubtful/skeptical （怀疑的）；tolerant （宽容的）；conservative（保守的）。
3.[2021浙江]The result was ProjectWildThing， a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network， a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. v.记录
4.[天津高考]The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. v.犯（错）
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——中国历史人物
[2023全国甲]你们学校正举办主题为"用英文讲中国故事"的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；
2.意义或启示。
◎写作要点
1.在我看来，在众多公认的中国历史人物中，范仲淹是最有影响力的。（numerous， acknowledged）
Among numerous Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged， Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.
2.范仲淹是宋代著名的文学家和政治家，因其对社会的卓越贡献而受到人们的高度赞赏。（politician， remarkable）
Known as a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty， Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because of his remarkable contributions to society.
3.他提出建立国家学校系统，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。（foundation）
He proposed the foundation of a national school system， which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system.
4.总之，范仲淹一直激励着我做一个品格高尚的人。（conclusion）
In conclusion， Fan Zhongyan always inspires me to be a man of noble character.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
The Historical Figure in China
Among numerous Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged， Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.
Known as a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty， Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because of his remarkable contributions to society. He committed himself to carrying out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous. Besides， he proposed the foundation of a national school system， which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system.
What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life： "Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land， the last to enjoy universal happiness." In conclusion， Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always inspires me to be a man of noble character.
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之困惑与迷茫
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 confused， confusing， puzzled， puzzling， lost； confusion， puzzlement 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.尽管吉米既困惑又生气，他还是听妈妈的话离开了房间。 Puzzled and angry ， Jimmy obeyed his mother and left the room. （形容词作状语） 2.他疑惑地看着帕特说："但你早晨为什么这么早就出来了？" He looked at Pat in confusion/puzzlement and asked， "But why are you out so early in the morning？" 3.其中有一个标志把我弄糊涂了，于是我把售货员叫过来问道："那个标志是什么意思？" One of the signs got me puzzled/confused ， so I called over the salesman and asked， "What does that sign mean？"（get＋宾语＋宾补） 4.她转过身来，看见母亲脸上困惑的表情。 As she turned back she caught the puzzled look on her mother’s face . 5.我弟弟一直在哭，我不知道该如何应对。 My little brother kept crying and I was at a loss how to react.
词 组 1.at a loss 迷茫的 2.in confusion/puzzlement 困惑地，迷茫地 3.a puzzled/confused look 困惑的表情 4.scratch one’s head （困惑、为难等时）挠头 5.be lost for words 不知说什么才好
佳 句 1.After my explanation， Mandy still had a puzzled expression on her face. 我解释之后，曼迪仍然一脸困惑。 2.Facing the question， Luke scratched his head， looking puzzled. 面对这个问题，卢克挠了挠头，看起来很困惑。 3.Silence filled the room and puzzlement was written all over everyone’s face. 房间里一片寂静，每个人的脸上都写满了困惑。 4.I read the note twice， but I was still in a fog. 我把纸条读了两遍，但还是一头雾水。Unit 4 Body Language
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety （vary）， including basic bikes with foot brake （刹车）， bikes with hand brake and gears （排挡）， bikes with child seats， and children’s bikes.
2.[2023全国乙]According to a new study from market analysts， 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different （differ） food.
点拨
分数表达：1 in 5/one in five， 20％， 20 percent， a/one fifth。
3.[2023浙江1月]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads， but also outside， in society， in social memory， social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.
4.[2022北京]For almost a year I struggled on， constantly staring at this wall that faced me.
5.[2022北京]My name is Alice. Early last year， I was troubled by an anxiety （anxious）that crippled（削弱） my ability to do anything.
点拨
anxiety在此表示"担心，害怕"，为可数名词。anxiety常见的含义为"忧虑，焦虑，不安"，为不可数名词。
6.[2022浙江1月]To frame his story， Klein creates the character of Ned， a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime.
点拨
句意：为了构建他的故事，克莱恩塑造了奈德这个角色。奈德是一个虚构的见证者，见证了一个人一生中由蒸汽和美国电力革命带来的进步。
7.[2020浙江1月]"I’m going to miss you so much， Poppy，" said the tall， thin teenager. He bent （bend） down to hug his old friend goodbye.
8.[2020全国Ⅰ]We are often ashamed （shame）of our shortcomings， our mistakes and our failures.
9.[2020天津]Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter， especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
10.[浙江高考]They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. v.造成（威胁、问题等） B. v.摆好姿势
C. n.姿势
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Adults are portrayed（描绘） alone in many settings and poses— absorbed in a volume， deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. C
②[2020天津]How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？ I hardly have a minute to myself. B
③[天津高考]And the story poses an interesting question： why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days， while others go to seed long before？ A
2.A. 适应 B. 整理 C. 调整
①[2021北京]The woman’s eye fell on the man’s face， and she immediately looked down and adjusted her scarf. B
②[江苏高考]Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge， especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. A
③[江苏高考]They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early， or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. C
3.[2020天津]Jones’ idea has been fully realized — the "HAPPY TO CHAT" benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. n.隔阂
4.[2021北京]By distracting（分心） the mind from the pain， music， people say， can lower stress and anxiety levels. v.降低
5.[2021天津]I now understand why my brother favoursthe quiet. v.较喜欢
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——中国人的日常肢体语言
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Robert准备来中国学习，因此想了解一些中国人的日常肢体语言。请你用英语给他写封邮件，向他介绍一些日常的肢体语言。
◎写作要点
1.有些肢体语言与你们的相同，有些则与你们的不同。（identical， differ）
Some body language is identical to yours， while some differs from yours.
2.有些人可能较喜欢点头或微笑。（favour）
Some may favour a nod or smile.
3.此外，我们点头表示赞同，摇头表示"不"。（approve）
In addition， we nod our heads to approve and shake our heads to say "no".
4.我们鞠躬以表示对他人十分尊重。（bow）
We bow to show great respect for others.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Robert，
I am glad to tell you something about some gestures in China.
Some body language is identical to yours， while some differs from yours. For example， in China， we usually greet our guests by shaking hands. Some may favour a nod or smile， but try to avoid hugging. In addition， we nod our heads to approve and shake our heads to say "no". Besides， we bow to show great respect for others.
I hope the information above will help you adjust yourself to your life in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"眼部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.stare at 盯着 2.glance at/take a glance at 瞥一眼 3.look up/around 向上看/环顾 4.look into one’s eyes 直视某人的眼睛 5.fix/focus one’s eyes on 盯着 6.lower/drop one’s eyes 垂下眼睛 7.close/shut one’s eyes 闭上眼睛 8.raise/lift one’s eyes 抬起眼睛 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.说罢，他抬眼望向窗外。 After saying this， he raised/lifted his eyes and looked out of the window . 2.她一直盯着手机，直到老师拍了拍她的肩膀，她才意识到老师正站在她面前。 With her eyes fixed/focused on the phone ， it was not until the teacher patted her on the shoulder that she realized the teacher was standing in front of her. （with复合结构） 3.听到这个好消息，她笑了起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Hearing the good news， she laughed， her eyes shining with excitement . （独立主格结构） 4.蒂娜闭上双眼，伸出手臂，准备接受注射。 Tina closed/shut her eyes ， holding out an arm for injection. 5.听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。 He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning. 6.我环顾四周，看到一个比我小的女孩。她坐在角落里，穿着旧衣服。 I looked around and saw a girl who was smaller than me. She sat in the corner， her clothes old.
佳 句 1.She turned her eyes to me when I tapped her on the shoulder. 我轻拍她的肩膀时，她把目光转向我。 2.Then he jumped up， eyes shining with excitement， and ran to fetch some of his prized Matchbox cars. 然后他跳起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒，跑去拿他那些珍贵的火柴盒玩具车。 3.His eyes were filled with tears when he recalled the quarrel with his mother. 当他回忆起和母亲的争吵时，他的眼睛里充满了泪水。 4.Suddenly， Sara sat up straight and her eyes grew wide with curiosity when a colorful car pulled up next door. 突然，萨拉坐直了身子，好奇地瞪大了眼睛，此时一辆彩色的车停在了隔壁。Unit 3 Fascinating Parks
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023全国甲]He makes philosophical thought an appealing （appeal） exercise that improves the quality of our experiences， and he does so with plenty of humor.
2.[2023全国乙]In spite of the court hearing testimonials（证明） of her ability as a doctor， she was banned from medicine.
3.[2023全国乙]To make some of my landscape shots， I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame.
点拨
1.shot n.照片 2.shoot v.拍摄，摄影 3.time frame （用于某事的）一段时间，时间范围
4.[2022新高考Ⅰ]After making sure that David could run if he wanted， I turned to find him coming towards me， his small body rocking from side to side as he swung （swing） his feet forward.
5.[2022全国乙]Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
6.[2022全国乙]They[The rail drones] will be moving on the track ahead of the train， and programmed to run autonomously.
7.[2022全国乙]We all know that cycling is a great exercise. A doctor tells me people who live the longest are dancers and cyclists （cycle）.
8.[2022北京]Crystal set out to change （change） that， and helped to create a global movement.
9.[2021北京]The most rewarding （reward） day for our group was project day， when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together.
10.[2020新高考Ⅰ]Often， only a small part of a museum’s collection is on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. v.展览 B. n.表露 C. v.显示
①[2023新高考Ⅰ]Although the two young women were strangers before the meet， they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race， but the display of human kindness won the day. B
②[2021天津3月]Currently， about 35，000 works are being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre， and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A
③[2021天津]But at Udemy， an open university offering online courses， Artist Anneke Camstra is engaged in the pursuit of lifelong learning and displays her potential for teaching. C
2.[2020新高考Ⅰ]People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact， most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. v.走神
3.[安徽高考]Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. n.强烈欲望
4.[浙江高考]Most graphs have a few basic parts： a caption or introduction paragraph， a title， a legend or key， and labeled axes. v.贴标签于
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——游乐场游玩邀请
假定你是李华，你校将组织在校师生本周六去游乐场游玩。请你写一封邮件邀请外教Bryan同去，内容包括：
1.游玩的项目（海盗船、过山车等）；
2.出发时间、地点；
3.表达期待。
◎写作要点
1.游乐园靠近山谷，每周都吸引许多学生前来。（amusement，valley， appeal to）
The amusement park is near a valley and appeals to many students every week.
2.这里有惊险刺激的娱乐项目，比如海盗船和过山车。（entertainment， roller coaster）
There are thrilling entertainments， such as the pirate ship and roller coaster.
3.我们还可以骑自行车四处转转，欣赏那里的美景。（cycle， splendid）
We can also cycle around and appreciate the splendid scenery there.
4.当我们离开时，我们可以买一些可爱的纪念品。（adorable）
When we leave， we can buy some adorable souvenirs.
5.我们将在学校喷泉前集合，早上8点出发。（fountain， set out）
We will meet in front of the school fountain and set out at 8：00 a.m.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Bryan，
Our school is going to organise a trip to an amusement park this Saturday. I’m writing to invite you to come along.
The amusement park is near a valley and appeals to many students every week.There are thrilling entertainments， such as the pirate ship and roller coaster. We can also cycle around and appreciate the splendid scenery there. When we leave， we can buy some adorable souvenirs.
We will meet in front of the school fountain and set out at 8：00 a.m. Come and enjoy the trip with us！
Yours，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"头部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
词 组 1.nod/shake/scratch one’s head 点头/摇头/挠头 2.hang/drop/lower one’s head或keep one’s head down 低头 3.raise/lift one’s head 抬起头 4.turn one’s head 转过头 5.lay/rest/put one’s head on...把头靠在…… 6.bury one’s head in 把头埋在……里 7.pat sb. on the head轻拍某人的头 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.他挠了挠头，一个字也不懂。 He scratched his head ， not understanding a word. 2.她用枕头捂住脑袋哭了起来。 Burying her head in the pillow ， she cried.（现在分词作状语） 3.听完我的故事，爷爷慈爱地拍了拍我的头，温柔地说："你做得对！" After hearing my story， Grandpa patted me on the head lovingly and said gently， "You did the right thing！" 4.听到老师的问题，她低下头，不知该如何回答。 Upon hearing the teacher’s question， she hung/dropped/lowered her head或kept her head down and didn’t know how to answer. 5.看到他的好朋友在那边，约翰点了点头，对他微笑。 Seeing his good friend over there， John nodded his head and smiled at him.
佳 句 1."That’s incredible！" he said， shaking his head in disbelief. "这太不可思议了！"他难以置信地摇着头说。 2.He held his head in his hands， greatly annoyed. 他双手抱头，苦恼不已。 3.With a deep breath， he lifted his head and stepped on the glass skywalk. 他深吸一口气，抬起头，走上玻璃栈道。 4.I wondered why he sat there with his head lowered. Then the truth struck me — he was blind. 我纳闷儿他为什么低着头坐在那里。然后我突然明白了——他是个盲人。Unit 5 Working the Land
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2022全国乙]There are alternatives to constant written communication， such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
2.[2022北京]A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption （assume） that everyone in the system has equal power.
3.[2022北京]There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. For instance， we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.
4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]However， he is more devoted to his "role" than any real actor.
5.[2021天津]Participating in the arts is essential for/to child development...
6.[2020天津]He convinced the police department to allow （allow） him to set up a couple of "chat benches" in two of their local parks.
7.[2020北京] In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself.
8.[江苏高考]It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not "be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables"， given （give） that they’re profitable.
Ⅱ. 阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. 视力 B.视野 C. 展望，想象
①[2022北京]More researchers， policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results， but concluded that "we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision". C
②[江苏高考]Humankind paid for its broadvision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks. B
③[全国Ⅲ]These include custom-made navigation（导航） tools， night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. A
点拨
vision常用作不可数名词，表示"视力""视野"，作可数名词时表示"展望，想象"，常在高考阅读和完形中出现。
第①句句意：更多来自食品行业的研究人员、政策制定者和代表们必须学会超越他们的直接责任范围，采取一种系统的方法。克里斯特尔知道，仅凭愿景并不能产生结果，但她最后说"我们永远无法得出我们无法想象的结果"。
第②句句意：人类以背痛和脖子痛为代价获得了广阔的视野和灵巧的双手。
第③句句意：这些包括定制的导航工具、夜视系统和智能调速。
2.①[2022全国乙]Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系） and share with one another. n.特点
②[2020浙江1月]A key skill set for success is persistence（毅力）， a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. n.品质
3.[2022北京]My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this： I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did， which obviously in life is not possible， but it consumed me. n.根源
点拨
root也可活用作动词，表示"（使）生根"。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——有机农业
近年来，有机农业成为一个热点话题，为此你班同学在英语课上就是否要发展有机农业展开讨论，请你根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文。
80％赞成 1.有机食品味道更好，营养更充足； 2.有机农业保护土壤。
20％反对 目前有机食物不能满足市场需求
我的观点 ……
◎写作要点
1.他们认为有机食品不使用化肥，味道更好，营养更丰富。（flavour， nutrition， chemical，fertiliser）
They think that organic food has better flavour and more nutrition without chemical fertiliser.
2.有机农业也使土壤富含矿物质。（soil， mineral）
Organic farming also keeps the soil rich in minerals.
3.我们面临的现实是，有机食品的产量无法满足市场需求，尤其是当我们仍在努力消除贫困时。（reality， yield， poverty）
We are facing the reality that the yield of organic food can’t meet the market’s demands， especially when we are still struggling to remove poverty.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
In recent years， organic farming is very welcome. However， opinions differ on whether to develop organic farming further.
80％ of students are in favor of it. Firstly， they think that organic food has better flavour and more nutrition without chemical fertiliser. Organic farming also keeps the soil rich in minerals. However， 20％ of them are against it. In their view， we are facing the reality that the yield of organic food can’t meet the market’s demands， especially when we are still struggling to remove poverty.
In my opinion， we should adopt a positive attitude towards organic farming， and I am convinced that we will find a win-win solution.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之"嘴部"动作
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 eat， drink， yawn打哈欠， swallow咽， chew嚼， bite， lick， blow， water流口水 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.泪水从她的脸颊流下来，她难以置信地捂住嘴巴。 With tears streaming down her face， she covered her mouth in disbelief . 2.她张大嘴巴，无法相信眼前的景象。 With her mouth wide open ， she couldn’t believe what she was seeing in front of her. （with复合结构） 3.爸爸和妈妈在厨房准备年夜饭，里面的香味馋得我们直流口水。 The smells from the kitchen， where Dad and Mom were preparing the New Year’s Eve dinner， made our mouths water .（make＋宾语＋宾补） 4.小男孩站在那里，尴尬地咬着嘴唇。 The little boy stood there， biting his lip with embarrassment . （现在分词短语作状语） 5.海浪拍打着我的脸，我咽下了海水。因为呼吸困难，我的胸口火辣辣地痛。 A wave slapped my face and I swallowed sea water . My chest was already burning as I struggled to breathe.
词 组 1.cover one’s mouth捂住嘴 2.open one’s mouth 张开嘴 3.shut up 闭嘴 4.stick one’s tongue out 吐舌头 5.bite one’s lip （因尴尬、悲伤、生气或不愿开口而）紧咬嘴唇
佳 句 1.The woman with a wide smile on her face is definitely the happiest person in the room. 那个露出灿烂笑容的女人无疑是房间里最开心的人。 2.Danny rubbed his arms and blew on his fingers to warm them. 丹尼搓着胳膊，并向他的手指上哈气来暖手。 3.When the report was finally finished， she stretched her arms out and gave a great yawn. 报告终于写完了，她伸了个懒腰，打了个大大的哈欠。Unit 2 Looking into the Future
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2022新高考Ⅱ] Throughout their no-cost stays in strangers’ homes， they feed pets and water plants in/during the homeowner’s absence.
2.[2022北京]"What’s new，" Johnson wrote， "is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers."
点拨
句意：Johnson写道："（该领域的）新情况是，量子计算研究人员现在可能会获得数百万美元。"be available to sb.表示"某人可得到/获得"。
3.[2021天津]This was the first time I struggled to learn a song， because my voice cracked（破音） as I switched to a head voice.
4.[2021天津]Kids with preference （prefer） for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future.
5.[2021北京]You should have a good command of either English or French.
6.[2020全国Ⅲ]I do know how upset the shop staff can get， but I try to persuade them to keep （keep） smiling.
点拨
句中do know是"do＋动词原形"强调结构。do意为"确实，的确"，用来加强谓语动词的语气。
7.[2020江苏]Technological innovations， combined with good marketing， will promote the sales of these products.
8.[2020北京]Baggy has become the first dog in the UK — and potentially （potential） the world — to join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.
9.[2020天津] Detective （detect） Ashley Jones works at a police department in England.
点拨
根据语境可知，Ashley Jones是一名警探，空处在此为头衔名词，故填Detective。类似的头衔名词还有professor， president， doctor等。
10.[2020江苏]The health security （secure） systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation.
Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. 关键的 B. 严重的 C. 批判性的
①[2021北京]The findings show a critical need to invest in disaster prevention. B
②[北京高考] Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. C
③[湖北高考]Dartmoor has 1，000 or so ponies， who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area. A
点拨
句意：达特穆尔有大约1 000匹小马，它们在创造该地区物种多样性方面发挥着关键作用。
2.A. adj.安全的 B. v.获得 C. v.固定
①[北京高考]Afterwards， she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner， who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product —CanCandy. B
②[全国Ⅰ]Next， cover the hole with the plastic sheet， securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone（圆锥体） with 45-degree-angled sides. C
③[北京高考]...we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans， let alone super intelligent machines. A
点拨
secure的含义有很多，除了上述不太常见的含义"获得""固定"外，它常用作形容词，表示"安全的；可靠的；安心的；牢固的"；它用作动词时，常表示"使安全，保护"，如：
☆[北师选必③－7]Since the company pays well and offers secure jobs， the candidates that do make it through the interview process always say "yes" to the job that is offered. adj.可靠的
☆[译林必修①－2]We were all so proud of Mama’s Bank Account. It gave us such a warm，secure feeling. adj.安心的
☆[外研选必③－3]They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition， removing them from use. v.保护，使安全
3.[2022全国甲]I felt so close to him. However， after I went to high school， somehow I became distant from him. adj.疏远的
4.[浙江10月高考]One reason is that， according to findings of a new survey（调查） of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix， most bosses are doubtful about remote working. adj.远程的
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——家用机器人
你校近期计划举行一个以创新为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇发言稿参赛，介绍一款家用机器人。这款家用机器人主要有以下功能：
1.多种模式，接受语音指令；
2.可以根据个人爱好做饭；
3.发送紧急预警；
4.跟踪身体健康状况。
◎写作要点
1.这款机器人有不同的模式，能接受语音指令。（mode， command）
The robot has different modes and can respond to voice commands.
2.它可以根据个人喜好烹饪。（preference）
It can cook according to individual preferences.
3.检测到发生紧急情况时，它会立刻发出警告。（detect， warning， instant）
When detecting emergencies， it will send warnings in an instant.
4.它可以定期扫描身体，并了解老人的身体健康状况。（keep in touch with）
It can scan the body regularly and keepin touch with the health condition of the old.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Good morning， everyone！
Taking care of the old has become a social problem. To solve this problem， a domestic robot has been launched to help the old with their daily routine.
The robot has different modes and can respond to voice commands. Firstly， it can cook according to individual preferences. Secondly， when detecting emergencies， it will send warnings in an instant. In addition， it can scan the body regularly and keep in touch with the health condition of the old. In this sense， the robot can keep the old from many potential diseases.
Thank you.
写作二 读后续写——情感描写之失望与绝望
积累背诵 仿写运用
单 词 disappointed， desperate， down； disappointment， despair， desperation 根据左栏素材完成下列各句 1.令我们失望的是，我们一整天只卖出了一半的爆米花。 To our disappointment ， we only sold half of the popcorn after a whole day. 2.父母试了几次，还是没能把我的头从南瓜里弄出来。我开始感到绝望。 After several attempts， my parents still could not get my head out of the pumpkin. I started to feel hopeless/desperate . 3.我已经答应妈妈，我会在学校里表现得很好，我不想让她失望。 I have promised Mom that I will behave myself in school. I don’t want to let her down . 4.在他们联系到救援队之前，手机就没电了。他们瞬间陷入绝望。 The phone ran out of power before they got through to the rescue team. They fell/sank into despair instantly. 5.一对夫妇在广告上要求归还一只在我们小学附近丢失的小猎犬。他们听起来很绝望。 A couple was asking on the ad for the return of a lost beagle puppy near our grade school. They sounded desperate .
词 组 1.to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是 2.let sb. down使某人失望 3.be overwhelmed/seized by disappointment/despair非常失望/绝望 4.be/feel disappointed/down感到失望 5.in despair/desperation在绝望中，绝望地 6.fall/sink into despair陷入绝望 7.feel hopeless/desperate感到绝望
佳 句 1.His heart sank when he got noticed that he failed the interview again. 当他得知自己面试又一次失败时，他的心一沉。 2.With my partner sick， I had to go on with the presentation by myself， but the progress was particularly disappointing. 由于我的搭档病了，我不得不一个人继续做报告，但进展特别令人失望。 3.Covering her face in a gesture of despair， she burst out crying. 她以一种绝望的姿势蒙住脸，突然大哭起来。
