2024年中考英语一轮复习专题07 阅读理解之判断正误讲义

2024年中考英语一轮复习
专题07 阅读理解之判断正误（讲义）
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 中考阅读理解说明文考情分析
三 阅读判断的考向 细节理解题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 提升必考题型归纳
四 真题感悟 中考阅读判断经典考题精选
【复习目标】
1. 熟练语篇类型和语篇结构
2. 明确命题规律和提问方式
3. 掌握不同题型的解题方法
【考情分析】
阅读判断命题规律
【名师解难】
做这种阅读理解题道先通读全文，把握大意。然后阅读所给题干，再读原文，在文中找出对应的词句。在对句子进行判断时，建议使用对照法，即将原文中与题干意思相近的句子或段落找出来，与题干一一对照，详细区分，切不可片面理解，更不可想当然。对于简单明了的文章，要注意其首尾句，以及表明文章主旨的中心句、关键语等。对读了一遍意思还不够明了的文章，我们除了要了解全文，弄清人物、地点、时间、原因等要点外，还要仔细推敲复杂的句子，弄清句子及全文的意思。
阅读判断答题技巧
判断正误型题目往往是从文中提取出一个句子，通过对其细节的修改或说法的改变或同义的转换而让做题者判断该说法是否符合文意。本题型共分为三大类，即细节理解型、推理判断型、主旨大意型。
类型 特点 答题技巧
细节理解型 题干与原文在细节或语句方面都是截然相同或相反。常考细节有时间、地点、人物、所发生的事件以及起修饰作用的词等。 根据题干关键词找到文中的原句，对比题干的细节与原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判定为正确。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一点不符的应判定为错误。
推理判断型 题干与原文不完全一致，需要通过分析原文和题干，间接推断题干与原文是否一致。 定要从文章的具体段落和句子中找到依据，并进行认真比较分析，不能凭印象想当然，胡乱猜测。
主旨大意型 该类型往往考查对全文的把握，断章取义、以偏概全是常犯的错误。 阅读文章时应主要捕捉内容要点，掌握主旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点，否则难以作出正确的判断。
答题步骤：
答题第一步：浏览题干，标注定位词。
答题第二步：通读全文，了解大意，标注与题干相关的关键词。
答题第三步：跳读关键词所在的句子，将题干与原文进行对比、归纳，确定答案。
答题第四步：无法直接从定位句找到答案的题目，需综合全文进行推断，得出答案。
答题第五步：复读全文，检查答案。
答题第六步：核对答案，反思错题。
（一）
（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）
根据短文内容，判断正误（正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”），并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day to remember to take care of our planet, Earth. We can take care of our planet by keeping it clean.
We can keep Earth clean by following the rule of “reduce, reuse, recycle”. Reduce means use less. We can reduce our use of things like water or gasoline. Reuse means use again, rather than throw things away. We can reuse many things, such as plastic bags and boxes. Recycle means to make something new from something old. We can keep Earth clean by recycling materials such as paper, wood and plastic. If we take these materials to a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.
On Earth Day, we remind ourselves and everyone on Earth that we must do these things. We must do these things every day, not just on Earth Day. We must all do our part, and we can make a difference. On April 22nd, remind everyone you know that every day is Earth Day!
1．April 22nd is a day to remember to take care of our planet.
2．In order to keep Earth clean, there’s a rule we must follow.
3．Reuse means to make something new from something old.
4．We can recycle some materials and use them in a different way.
5．We need to do everything we can to keep Earth clean only on Earth Day.
（二）
（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）
根据短文内容判断对错，对的选“T”，错的选“F”。
The beaver（河狸）is mainly found in North America. It is about three and a half feet long, including the tail, which is a foot in length.
Beavers build themselves the most lovely huts（小屋）to live in, and quite often a great number of these huts are placed close together, like the buildings in a town. They always build their huts on the banks（岸）of rivers or lakes, as they swim much more easily than they walk, and prefer moving about in the water.
When they build on the bank of a running stream, they make a dam（堤坝）across the stream for the purpose of keeping the water at the height they wish. These dams are usually made of mud, stones and the branches of trees. They are sometimes six or seven hundred feet in length and are built so well that they look more like the work of man than of little animals.
Their huts are made of the same material as the dams and are round in shape. They start building their houses late in the summer but do not get them finished before the early frost（霜冻）. The cold weather makes them tighter and stronger.
The fur（毛皮）of the beaver is highly prized. A hunter（猎人）once saw five young beavers playing. They were jumping on the branches of a tree that lay near a beaver dam and pushing one another off into the water. He moved forward very slowly and was about to shoot at the little animals. But their funny tricks reminded him so much of his little children at home that he thought it would be cruel to kill them. So the gentleman left them quietly.
6．North America is home to the beaver.
7．Beavers usually build their huts in the water.
8．Beavers don’t get their huts finished until the early frost appears because they are afraid of hot weather.
9．From the passage, we can tell beavers are good at building huts.
10．The hunter didn’t kill the five young beavers because he thought it was cruel to kill these lovely ones.
（三）
（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）
Strawberries look nice, but a light pressure can make them out of shape. Nowadays there are many young people who are just like strawberries. They easily break down when they face difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in trouble. They have a common name—strawberry kids.
Why are many students so easy to break down Parents and schools are a main reason. Parents do almost everything for them in their daily life, while schools care more about their grades instead of developing their personality (个性). Liu Yue, 13, is from Fujian. His mom hardly criticizes (批评) him and he always feels good about himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began to doubt his ability.
Students should do something to make themselves mentally strong. An expert said, “When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly. You should try to deal with problems first by yourself. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities. That can make you mentally strong.
Growing up is not just a happy process (过程). Pains also go along with it. The most important thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.
根据短文内容，判断下列各句正（T）误（F）。
11．Some students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like to eat strawberries.
12．Liu Yue’s mother often criticizes him.
13．Parents do almost everything for their children in their daily life.
14．According to the text, students should ask for help quickly when they are in trouble.
15．The writer advises students to be brave in the face of pains.
（四）
（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）
Lots of kids would like to change their hair. Often, girls care about it most, but boys may be interested in how their hair looks, too. When you go through puberty (青春期), sometimes hair will change all by itself.
Maybe it used to be lighter and now it’s darker. Or maybe it’s much oilier (更油腻的) used to be, and now you need to wash it more. When you’re getting older, you will pay more attention to your looks. You might suddenly decide you want a hairstyle as other kids at school have.
But some styles and looks require chemical treatment or heat and long hours at the hair salon (理发店). Some people dye (给……染色) their hair a different color, or make their hair straight. Are these treatments OK for kids At any age, any chemical treatment of your hair can do harm to it. If you pull your hair too hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make your hair fall out. So you may get careful with your hair.
It’s fun trying new looks and styles. You can also show yourself through your style. However, feeling wonderful and beautiful starts from the inside. Therefore, show your beauty inside no matter what style you wear. Everyone will notice that you’re beautiful and your hair looks great, too.
根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。
16．Boys care more about their hairstyles than girls.
17．The hair may get darker when you go through puberty.
18．The chemical treatment is harmful to your hair.
19．Your hair will never fall out if you pull it straight.
20．The writer thinks the true beauty is from the inside.
（五）
（2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考模拟预测）
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them. This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands for the start of spring and farming.
The dragon is important for Chinese people. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants (传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs. On the day in ancient times, people put ash (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收成) in autumn.
Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the uncles of the family—mainly mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
根据短文内容，判断句子正 (T)、误 (F)。
21．The Longtaitou is on the third day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
22．We Chinese call ourselves the “descendants of the dragon”.
23．People put ash in the kitchen on the Dragon Head Raising Day in ancient times.
24．Nowadays, many people don’t have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
25．The passage mainly tells us how to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
（六）
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）
On a sunny afternoon, I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys. Usually, I would hurry past such sellers. But I found this young man was blind, so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see how he sold his things.
Soon, a young mother with a little girl came by and the child set her eyes on one of the teddy bears. The mother asked the price and it was only one dollar. She took 10 dollars out of her handbag and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the change back. I was wondering how he was going to do it. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag hanging around his neck and take out her change.
I realized that this young man believed people not to cheat him. There was no way for him to know if someone would take out more than they should have. I was so touched. I bought a model car from him that I did not need. As I walked down the street, I gave the model car to a boy walking with his father.
I kept thinking that the world would be a better place if we could all learn to trust others more, like the young blind street seller.
根据短文内容判断正、误。（注意：考生将答题卡相应的位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
26．The writer was walking along a busy road when he noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys on a sunny morning.
27．The young man thought that people were believable so he made people put money and take their change out of the bag by themselves.
28．The young mother with her little girl paid 10 yuan for the teddy bear.
29．The writer gave the model car to a girl walking with her father at last.
30．From the passage, we can know that the world will be a better place if we can all learn to trust others more.
（七）
（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。
Hot summer is coming. It’s time to enjoy delicious ice-cream. However, some ice-cream bars are now called “assassins (刺客)” for their surprisingly high prices. But when they were first invented, they were all about making people happy.
In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy store in the USA．One day, he developed a smooth chocolate coating (涂层). Burt first cut some ice-cream into cuboids (长方体). He then covered the ice-cream with the new chocolate coating.
When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was too “messy” to eat. Then Burt’s son suggested adding a wooden stick to the dessert.
Burt named it “Good Humor bar”. It soon became popular. Later, he sent some trucks to sell these ice-cream bars. People would know it was time for some ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells. Today, you can still see Good Humor trucks in America!
31．Ice-cream bars became too expensive for people to enjoy.
32．It has been about 100 years since Good Humor bar was invented.
33．Harry Burt’s daughter disliked the new dessert because it would be messy.
34．Harry Burt’s new dessert got popular because people could easily get it on the trucks.
35．From the passage, we can infer that some inventions can make people’s life more colorful.
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都七中校考三模）
阅读下面对话，根据对话内容判断句子的正误。正确的写“A”，错误的写“B”。
Imagine: when you are about to pick a flower, suddenly, it starts to scream! Although this will never really happen, a new study shows that plants can make sounds when they are stressed.
Some researchers in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) to record the sounds of tomato plants in boxes.
Three groups of plants were listened to: One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had the stems cut off, and the third group was untouched. It turned out that the first two groups made sounds once per hour. “When tomato plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” one of the researchers said.
The researchers didn’t know how the sounds were made, but they believed the noises came from the breaking of air bubbles(气泡) in the plants. This means the noises were produced by the plants themselves naturally.
Also, the researchers listened to other plants like corn and found they also made more sounds when feeling stressed. Researchers said the study would be good for the farmers in the future, as they could better take care of the crops (庄稼) by “hearing” the plants’ feelings.
36．We can easily hear plants shout whey they are stressed.
37．The plants that weren’t watered for five days produced more sounds than the plants than that had their stems cut off.
38．According to Paragraph 3, we know that the plants like quiet environments.
39．The underlined sentence means that plants didn’t make the noises on purpose.
40．The study is meaningful and it can help farmers plant crops better.
（九）
（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）
根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。
In some cities, students have lunch at school. Do you have lunch at school What do you have Let’s look at students’ lunch boxes all over the world.
Spain—Spanish lunch usually have a few dishes. The children may have rice, soup or vegetables as the first dish and then some meat as the second dish. They often end up with their lunch with fruit or yogurt.
Singapore—Students in Singapore don’t go to a traditional dining hall. They visit cooking shops. Students can choose both traditional food and western food.
France—Healthy meals are the rules in many French schools. A French school lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese.
Finland—The Finnish school lunches are at least 50% vegetables and 25% proteins (蛋白质). On Thursdays, Finnish schools serve the traditional soup with pancakes.
Japan—The Japanese school lunches have rice, meat, fresh fruit and vegetables. Rice and fish are the basis for many of the meals.
41．Spanish students often finish lunches with fruit and yogurt.
42．Students in Singapore have lunch in cooking shops.
43．Finnish schools serve both traditional food and western food on Thursdays.
44．French students often have unhealthy food for lunch.
45．Rice and fish are the basis for lots of Japanese students’ lunches.
（十）
（2023·湖南湘西·统考三模）
阅读判断 读短文，判断句子是否符合短文内容。符合的选T，不符合的选F。
The most popular way to welcome the new year in the United States is to have a big party. Some parties are at people’s homes. But in recent years, it has become more and more common for Americans to go to a hotel or a club or a restaurant on the night of December the 31st. There, they can have dinner, drink and dance.
Most New Year’s parties have something in common. First of all, they are usually noisy. People sing and bands play. And often, guests pull a cracker when the clock strikes twelve at midnight. People think that loud sounds would drive away the evil (邪恶的) spirits of the old year before the new year begins.
The biggest and noisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New York City. Thousands of people gather there. Some of them ring bells or let off crackers. Others blow whistles or car horns. And at 12 o’clock, they begin to cheer. An electric sign in the shape of a red apple lights up on top of a tall building.
46．The article is about New Year’s celebrations in the USA．
47．In recent years, Americans have parties at homes on the night of December the 31st.
48．Most New Year’s parties are different in the United States.
49．The biggest and noisiest New Year party takes place at Times Square in New York City.
50．Most New Year parties are usually noisy because people want to get rid of bad luck of the old year.
（十一）
（2023·山东聊城·统考三模）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。正确的为A，错误的为B。
English is spoken mostly in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. In China and many other countries, English is the most important foreign language that children learn at school, because when they grow up, it will be quite possible for them to meet people from other countries. They will need a common language to communicate with each other. English is now used by nearly a quarter of the world’s population, and anywhere you go in the world, there is a good chance that you will meet someone who speaks English.
The reason why English is spoken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language of world trade. And in the twentieth century, the US spread English to the world through newspapers, television and films. It is now the common language for international travel, science, industry, and recently, information technology and the Internet.
It is also important to know that English has borrowed many words from other languages, for example, “restaurant” from French, “zero” from Arabic, “piano” from Italian, and “tofu” from Chinese.
Will the importance of English last As China continues to grow, many people think that Chinese will become as common as English by the middle of the twenty-first century. However, most people still think that English will be used most around the world, at least for the next twenty or thirty years.
So who owns English The answer is everyone who speaks it. Even though we speak different types of English, we are all part of an international club. We all own English.
51．In China, English is the most important language that children learn at school.
52．Nearly a quarter of the world’s population speak English.
53．English became the language of world trade about one hundred years ago.
54．”Tofu” was first used by Chinese people.
55．In the future, English won’t be spoken by Chinese people.
（十二）
（2023·山东威海·统考一模）
When he was nine years old, American boy Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic（塑料）straws（吸管）do Americans use every day
He quickly learned there wasn’t a simple answer. The boy tried to work it out himself. Through lots of research, Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day. In hopes of reducing（减少；缩减）plastic waste, he founded（创建）the Be Straw Free project in 2011.
Cress started the project in his hometown—Burlington, Vermont. He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order. It was a simple change. However, it would save money. And by doing that the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.
For the years that followed, Cress tried to spread his project across the United States. More and more restaurants agreed to join. They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one. Last April, Seattle became the American city to completely ban（禁止）.
Plastic pollution has been one of the most serious problems today. According to scientists, more than eight million tons of plastic end up in the ocean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-use plastics.
After his project became popular, Cress took his findings on the road. He has since spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws.
“Focusing（聚焦）on straws is one simple step we all could take, ” Cress says. “And it makes me feel that I, could make a difference, too.”
根据短文内容，判断正（A）误（B）。
56．Milo Cress started to care about the problem of straws in the year 2011.
57．Cress started the Be Straw Free project in order to encourage people to reduce plastic waste.
58．Cress asked a restaurant in Burlington to prevent people from using straws to drink.
59．Plastic straws are especially terrible because scientists pay little attention to their influence.
60．Over the years, Cress has spread his project across the United States and spoken to teens around the world about plastic waste.
（十三）
（2023·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）
Good morning, everyone, I am Professor Smith and I am your laboratory instructor. This class is arranged as a necessary part of the course, which Dr. James will be in charge of. This class will meet twice a week in this lab. It begins at nine. I expect you to be on time. I don’t want to wait for latecomers or repeat what has already been covered if you miss the explanation. Do not arrive late and interrupt your neighbor; you may as well not come if you can’t be on time.
Attendance is equally important. If you miss three lab classes, your name will be moved away from the class list. I’m afraid, no excuses. You can’t complete the course without completing lab class.
Safety is key here. It is very important to keep things neat and clean, dress properly, and be careful. You may not eat, drink or smoke in the lab and you should always clean the table top and wash your hands before and after the class. Long hair must be tied up. Large clothing must not be worn. And, finally, any lab accident must be reported immediately.
I hope you’ll enjoy the lab. It’s a wonderful place but all these instructions are to be strictly followed. We will begin today by learning about the microscope.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确为“A”，错误为“B”。
61．Professor Smith is giving instructions to the students.
62．Students are allowed to deal with some small accidents without telling the teacher.
63．A student will be dropped from class if he misses three lab classes.
64．The long hair wearer will be asked to leave the class.
65．The short talk is mainly about how to follow the instructions in a laboratory class.
（十四）（2023·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考三模）
Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imaginable. Jack preferred to draw, paint, or build sandcastles (沙堡).
Frank didn’t understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together. That was when Jack’s idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!
After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the question, “Can you top this ” He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistry—all ages welcome.
When Frank saw poster, he told Jack that no one would come. Still, shortly after sunrise on Saturday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By mid-morning, four kids were sculpting the sand alongside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.
After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother’s plan turned out.
He couldn’t believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.
“I guess you’ve proved me wrong,” Frank said. “You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition!” Handing Frank a shovel (铲子) with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.
根据短文内容判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
66．Jack was interested in sports and thought sports could make people play together.
67．Frank knew about Jack’s plan because he saw the colorful posters.
68．When learning about Jack’s plan, Frank didn’t support Jack.
69．Only a few people went to the beach to make sandcastles.
70．Jack’s plan worked well.
（2023·湖南娄底·统考中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，判断下列句子是否与短文内容相符，符合的写（A），不符合的写（B）。
He Sudan is a sand painting artist. She was born into an artistic family in Hunan Province. She started to show her talent in painting as a child. She took up sand painting while she was studying at university. Back then, there were no lessons about sand painting in the university, so she learned it by watching online videos. She is famous around China for her sand paintings about China’s 24 solar terms（节气）.
The 24 solar terms are part of the traditional Chinese calendar. They are known as the “fifth great invention” of China. They are useful for people’s life and work. Many farmers still depend on the solar terms now to decide what they should do in the fields.
However, few young people know about the 24 solar terms. She wants to use her sand paintings to tell stories about the solar terms so that more young Chinese can learn about each of them. It takes her about one week to create each sand painting. “I’ll create more sand paintings to promote（推广）traditional Chinese culture,” she said proudly.
71．He Sudan is a sand painting artist from Hunan.
72．He Sudan learned sand paining by taking lessons at university.
73．The 24 solar terms are known as the “fifth great invention” of China.
74．Farmers hardly decide what to do in the fields according to the solar terms.
75．He Sudan will create more art works to promote traditional Chinese culture.
（2023·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断文后句子的正误。正确的句子填A，错误的填B。
Wang Xiaojun is 12 years old. He lives in the country in Gansu Province. Today is his birthday. His parents prepare a nice dinner for him, but the boy says, “I won’t have the dinner because after the dinner, today is over, and you are leaving for Shenzhen tomorrow. I don’t want to let you go.” It is the first birthday that Wang Xinojun is spending with his parents during the three years. In the past three years, his parents have stayed in Shenzhen and worked to make money. They haven’t seen their son for three years. Tomorrow, they will have to leave home to go to Shenzhen again. Wang is not the only stay-at-home child. There are more than 20 million stay-at-home children facing a lot of problems. Many of them stay with their grandparents. They get less care from their parents. Their parents can’t help them with their studies. The Chinese government now cares about the children very much and is trying to solve their problems.
76．Wang Xiaojun is from a village in Gansu Province.
77．It is Wang Xiaojun’s first time to spend his birthday with his parents in his life.
78．There are many stay-at-home children in the country of China.
79．Wang Xiaojun’s parents will leave him because they don’t love him.
80．The Chinese government has done something to solve the problem of the stay-at-home children.
（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）
Chinese researchers reached the top of Qomolangma on May 4th, 2022. They set up the world’s highest automatic（自动的）weather station at an altitude（海拔）8,830 meters. The station helps Chinese scientists to directly collect data （数据） from the top of the world’s highest mountain and study the effects of climate（气候）.
Collecting and studying data from Qomolangma is not easy. But the data will give valuable information about the condition of local glaciers（冰川）and mountain snow. The water from the glaciers and mountain snow has been the source（源头）for over 10 main rivers in Asia and it has fed more than 2.5 billion people.
It will also help scientists study and understand the global monsoon system（全球季风系统）, so experts can make proper decisions about climate change and sustainable（可持续的）development.
With the efforts of Chinese government and many years’ hard work by scientists, China has become a global front-runner in fields related to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正（T）误（F）。
81．Chinese researchers reached the top of Qomolangma on May 4th, 2023.
82．Chinese researchers set up the world’s highest automatic weather station.
83．Collecting and studying data from Qomolangma is easy.
84．The station will also help scientists study and understand the global monsoon system.
85．China has become a global front-runner in fields related to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
（2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）
Zibo is in the middle of Shandong Province. In late February, some college students went to try the barbecue (烧烤) when they attended a job fair in the city. They took videos of themselves enjoying the food and posted onto social media. Zibo’s special barbecue has gone viral (走红) quickly. As a result, “college students going to Zibo for barbecue” and “taking a high-speed train to taste Zibo barbecue” have become hot topics on Chinese social media.
Xu Jiayue, a student from Shandong Transport Vocational College, came to Zibo to try the barbecue on Tuesday. “We use the stoves (火炉) to cook the meat, which gives us a feeling of achievement. We can eat the meat at a perfect temperature, so the food tastes delicious.” she said.
A total of 27,065 visitors arrived on March 4, setting a record for daily passengers arriving at the railway station in the past three years. Now, more and more people start to pour into Zibo to try its famous barbecue.
阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正 (T) 误 (F)。
86．In late February, some teachers tried the barbecue when they attended a job fair in Zibo.
87．Zibo has gone viral on Chinese social media for its special barbecue.
88．Xu Jiayue came to Zibo to try the barbecue on Friday.
89．The number of passengers arriving at the railway station on March 4 has set a record in the past three years.
90．Because of barbecue, Zibo has become a popular city.
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）
Bob and Frank worked as a salesman in a company (公司) together after leaving college. They were both hard-working. But years later, Bob became a sales manager while Frank remained a salesman.
Frank wrote to his boss because he thought the boss did not value hard-working workers, only raising those who tried to please him. He thought that it was not fair.
In reply, the boss said to Frank, “Go and find out whether there is anyone selling watermelons in the market.” Frank went, returned and said. “Yes.” The boss asked, “How much is a watermelon ” Frank went back to the market and returned. “$ 12 per (每) kilogram.”
The boss told Frank that he would ask Bob the same question. Bob went, returned and said, “Boss, there is only one person selling watermelons. $12 per kg. $100 for 10 kg. He has 100 watermelons in total. On the table are 58 watermelons, and the others are in the box. Every watermelon weighs about 12 kg. All of them were bought from the south two days ago. They are fresh and sweet. They are selling well.”
Frank was surprised and he realized the difference between himself and Bob.
You see, a more successful person sees more, thinks more and understands deeply.
根据短文内容判断正、误。
(注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”)
91．Frank and Bob worked in the same college.
92．The boss wrote Frank a letter because Frank was hard-working.
93．Bob found only one person selling watermelons in the market.
94．According to Bob, forty-two watermelons were in the box.
95．From the passage, we know that Frank was more successful than Bob.
（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）
It was a school trip. All of us were hungry for it for long. I went to Changbai Mountain with my classmates at the beginning of 2023. The trip was really wonderful.
Jilin Province, in the northeast of China, is famous for Changbai Mountain. It is one of the “Top 10 Mountains in China”. The name of it means “a mountain which remains white all year round” in Chinese. The name Changbai Mountain was first used in the Liao Dynasty. The mountain was recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas under the name Buxian Mountain. It was called Taibai Mountain in the Tang Dynasty.
In the early morning, we climbed the mountain from the western side. Along the way, we saw several wild animals and we were totally shocked at the beauty of the mountain. The whole mountain area is under thick snow cover for two months every year. The higher points from 1,500 meters to 2,400 meters above the sea level are covered with snow for more than six months. Changbai Mountain is one of the most popular places for winter sports and amusements. We even tried many thrilling rides on the snow. It was so much fun. Besides, we enjoyed different kinds of foods.
What excited us most is undoubtedly the Tianchi Lake. It is the deepest alpine (高山的) lake in China. The Tianchi Lake is the place where the Songhua, Tumen and Yalu rivers begin and it has been regarded as a mysterious lake. Not all visitors are lucky enough to see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they go there, but we were.
One more thing we remembered was taking baths in the hot springs. All our tiredness and pressure were gone there. As visitors, we can’t stop being in love with everything we experienced in Changbai Mountain.
根据短文内容，判断句子正 (T) 、误 (F) 。
96．Changbai means “remaining white all year round” in Chinese.
97．The name Changbai Mountain was used in the Tang Dynasty.
98．Along the way, the students were totally shocked at the wild animals.
99．Some visitors can’t see the Tianchi Lake clearly the first time they go there.
100．The students’ tiredness and pressure were taken away by different kinds of foods.
答案与解析
（一）
（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）
根据短文内容，判断正误（正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”），并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day to remember to take care of our planet, Earth. We can take care of our planet by keeping it clean.
We can keep Earth clean by following the rule of “reduce, reuse, recycle”. Reduce means use less. We can reduce our use of things like water or gasoline. Reuse means use again, rather than throw things away. We can reuse many things, such as plastic bags and boxes. Recycle means to make something new from something old. We can keep Earth clean by recycling materials such as paper, wood and plastic. If we take these materials to a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.
On Earth Day, we remind ourselves and everyone on Earth that we must do these things. We must do these things every day, not just on Earth Day. We must all do our part, and we can make a difference. On April 22nd, remind everyone you know that every day is Earth Day!
1．April 22nd is a day to remember to take care of our planet.
2．In order to keep Earth clean, there’s a rule we must follow.
3．Reuse means to make something new from something old.
4．We can recycle some materials and use them in a different way.
5．We need to do everything we can to keep Earth clean only on Earth Day.
【答案】1．T 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了地球日。
1．细节理解题。根据“Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. Earth Day is a day to remember to take care of our planet, Earth.”可知，4月22日是一个需要记住照顾我们星球的日子。故选T。
2．细节理解题。根据“We can keep Earth clean by following the rule of ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’.”可知，我们可以通过遵循“减少、再利用、再循环”的规则来保持地球清洁。不止一个规则。故选F。
3．细节理解题。根据“Reuse means use again, rather than throw things away.”可知，重复使用意味着再次使用，而不是用旧的东西制作新的东西。故选F。
4．细节理解题。根据“If we take these materials to a recycling center, they can be used again in a different way.”可知，我们可以回收一些材料，并以不同的方式使用它们。故选T。
5．细节理解题。根据“We must do these things every day, not just on Earth Day.”可知，我们每天都应该做保护环境的事情，而不是只在地球日去做。故选F。
（二）
（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）
根据短文内容判断对错，对的选“T”，错的选“F”。
The beaver（河狸）is mainly found in North America. It is about three and a half feet long, including the tail, which is a foot in length.
Beavers build themselves the most lovely huts（小屋）to live in, and quite often a great number of these huts are placed close together, like the buildings in a town. They always build their huts on the banks（岸）of rivers or lakes, as they swim much more easily than they walk, and prefer moving about in the water.
When they build on the bank of a running stream, they make a dam（堤坝）across the stream for the purpose of keeping the water at the height they wish. These dams are usually made of mud, stones and the branches of trees. They are sometimes six or seven hundred feet in length and are built so well that they look more like the work of man than of little animals.
Their huts are made of the same material as the dams and are round in shape. They start building their houses late in the summer but do not get them finished before the early frost（霜冻）. The cold weather makes them tighter and stronger.
The fur（毛皮）of the beaver is highly prized. A hunter（猎人）once saw five young beavers playing. They were jumping on the branches of a tree that lay near a beaver dam and pushing one another off into the water. He moved forward very slowly and was about to shoot at the little animals. But their funny tricks reminded him so much of his little children at home that he thought it would be cruel to kill them. So the gentleman left them quietly.
6．North America is home to the beaver.
7．Beavers usually build their huts in the water.
8．Beavers don’t get their huts finished until the early frost appears because they are afraid of hot weather.
9．From the passage, we can tell beavers are good at building huts.
10．The hunter didn’t kill the five young beavers because he thought it was cruel to kill these lovely ones.
【答案】6．T 7．F 8．F 9．T 10．T
【导语】本文主要介绍了河狸的相关信息。
6．细节理解题。根据“The beaver（河狸）is mainly found in North America.”可知，河狸主要分布在北美。故答案为T。
7．细节理解题。根据“They always build their huts on the banks（岸）of rivers or lakes”可知，河狸总是把小屋建在河边或湖边，不是在水里。故答案为F。
8．细节理解题。根据“They start building their houses late in the summer but do not get them finished before the early frost（霜冻）. The cold weather makes them tighter and stronger.”可知，河狸在夏末开始建造房子，但在早霜之前不会完工。寒冷的天气使它们变得更紧实更强壮，不是因为害怕热天气。故答案为F。
9．推理判断题。根据“Beavers build themselves the most lovely huts（小屋）to live in, and quite often a great number of these huts are placed close together, like the buildings in a town.”及“Their huts are made of the same material as the dams and are round in shape.”可知，河狸很擅长盖小屋。故答案为T。
10．细节理解题。根据“But their funny tricks reminded him so much of his little children at home that he thought it would be cruel to kill them. So the gentleman left them quietly.”可知，猎人没有杀死这五只小河狸，因为他认为杀死这些可爱的河狸是残忍的。故答案为T。
（三）
（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）
Strawberries look nice, but a light pressure can make them out of shape. Nowadays there are many young people who are just like strawberries. They easily break down when they face difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in trouble. They have a common name—strawberry kids.
Why are many students so easy to break down Parents and schools are a main reason. Parents do almost everything for them in their daily life, while schools care more about their grades instead of developing their personality (个性). Liu Yue, 13, is from Fujian. His mom hardly criticizes (批评) him and he always feels good about himself. When a teacher criticized him strictly, he felt surprised and sad. He began to doubt his ability.
Students should do something to make themselves mentally strong. An expert said, “When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly. You should try to deal with problems first by yourself. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities. That can make you mentally strong.
Growing up is not just a happy process (过程). Pains also go along with it. The most important thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.
根据短文内容，判断下列各句正（T）误（F）。
11．Some students are called “strawberry kids” because they all like to eat strawberries.
12．Liu Yue’s mother often criticizes him.
13．Parents do almost everything for their children in their daily life.
14．According to the text, students should ask for help quickly when they are in trouble.
15．The writer advises students to be brave in the face of pains.
【答案】11．F 12．F 13．T 14．F 15．T
【导语】本文主要讲述了现在社会上有许多年轻人称为“草莓孩子”，他们遇到困难就会崩溃，文中讲述对于这些孩子们应该如何解决困难。
11．细节理解题。根据“They easily break down when they face difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in trouble. They have a common name—strawberry kids.”可知，一些学生称为“草莓孩子”因为他们面对困难的时候很容易崩溃。故答案为F。
12．细节理解题。根据“Liu Yue, 13, is from Fujian. His mom hardly criticizes (批评) him and he always feels good about himself.”可知，刘悦的母亲很少批评他。故答案为F。
13．细节理解题。根据“Parents do almost everything for them in their daily life,”可知，父母在孩子们的日常生活中几乎为他们做了一切。故答案为T。
14．细节理解题。根据“When you are in trouble, don’t ask for help too quickly.”可知，当你遇到麻烦时，不要太快寻求帮助。故答案为F。
15．细节理解题。根据“Growing up is not just a happy process (过程). Pains also go along with it. The most important thing is to face the pains bravely and learn from them.”可知，作者建议学生勇敢地面对痛苦。故答案为T。
（四）
（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）
Lots of kids would like to change their hair. Often, girls care about it most, but boys may be interested in how their hair looks, too. When you go through puberty (青春期), sometimes hair will change all by itself.
Maybe it used to be lighter and now it’s darker. Or maybe it’s much oilier (更油腻的) used to be, and now you need to wash it more. When you’re getting older, you will pay more attention to your looks. You might suddenly decide you want a hairstyle as other kids at school have.
But some styles and looks require chemical treatment or heat and long hours at the hair salon (理发店). Some people dye (给……染色) their hair a different color, or make their hair straight. Are these treatments OK for kids At any age, any chemical treatment of your hair can do harm to it. If you pull your hair too hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make your hair fall out. So you may get careful with your hair.
It’s fun trying new looks and styles. You can also show yourself through your style. However, feeling wonderful and beautiful starts from the inside. Therefore, show your beauty inside no matter what style you wear. Everyone will notice that you’re beautiful and your hair looks great, too.
根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。
16．Boys care more about their hairstyles than girls.
17．The hair may get darker when you go through puberty.
18．The chemical treatment is harmful to your hair.
19．Your hair will never fall out if you pull it straight.
20．The writer thinks the true beauty is from the inside.
【答案】16．F 17．T 18．T 19．F 20．T
【导语】本文主要讲述了孩子头发的颜色及发型变化的一些具体的原因分析以及烫发染发的伤害。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“Lots of kids would like to change their hair. Often, girls care about it most, but boys may be interested in how their hair looks, too.”可知男孩比女孩更在乎自己的发型。故填F。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“When you go through puberty (青春期), sometimes hair will change all by itself.”以及第二段“Maybe it used to be lighter and now it’s darker.”可知当你进入青春期时，头发可能会变深色。故填T。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“At any age, any chemical treatment of your hair can do harm to it.”可知化学处理对你的头发有害。故填T。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“If you pull your hair too hard, it can harm the skin under it and maybe make your hair fall out.”可知如果你把头发拉直，你的头发就永远不会掉下来。故填F。
20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, feeling wonderful and beautiful starts from the inside.”可知作者认为真正的美来自内在。故填T。
（五）
（2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考模拟预测）
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them. This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands for the start of spring and farming.
The dragon is important for Chinese people. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants (传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs. On the day in ancient times, people put ash (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收成) in autumn.
Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. It is said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the uncles of the family—mainly mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
根据短文内容，判断句子正 (T)、误 (F)。
21．The Longtaitou is on the third day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar.
22．We Chinese call ourselves the “descendants of the dragon”.
23．People put ash in the kitchen on the Dragon Head Raising Day in ancient times.
24．Nowadays, many people don’t have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
25．The passage mainly tells us how to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
【答案】21．F 22．T 23．T 24．F 25．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了二月二龙抬头日。
21．细节理解题。根据“This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar”可知龙抬头日是在中国农历的二月初二。故答案为F。
22．细节理解题。根据“We Chinese people call ourselves the ‘descendants (传人) of the dragon’”可知我们中国人称自己为“龙的传人”。故答案为T。
23．细节理解题。根据“On the day in ancient times, people put ash (灰) in the kitchen.”可知在古时候，人们把灰放在厨房里。故答案为T。
24．细节理解题。根据“So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.”可知很多人在龙抬头这天都要理发。故答案为F。
25．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二月二龙抬头日。故答案为F。
（六）
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）
On a sunny afternoon, I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys. Usually, I would hurry past such sellers. But I found this young man was blind, so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see how he sold his things.
Soon, a young mother with a little girl came by and the child set her eyes on one of the teddy bears. The mother asked the price and it was only one dollar. She took 10 dollars out of her handbag and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the change back. I was wondering how he was going to do it. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag hanging around his neck and take out her change.
I realized that this young man believed people not to cheat him. There was no way for him to know if someone would take out more than they should have. I was so touched. I bought a model car from him that I did not need. As I walked down the street, I gave the model car to a boy walking with his father.
I kept thinking that the world would be a better place if we could all learn to trust others more, like the young blind street seller.
根据短文内容判断正、误。（注意：考生将答题卡相应的位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）
26．The writer was walking along a busy road when he noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys on a sunny morning.
27．The young man thought that people were believable so he made people put money and take their change out of the bag by themselves.
28．The young mother with her little girl paid 10 yuan for the teddy bear.
29．The writer gave the model car to a girl walking with her father at last.
30．From the passage, we can know that the world will be a better place if we can all learn to trust others more.
【答案】26．B 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者看到路口一位失明的年轻人，在路口卖玩具，让顾客自己付钱找零钱，作者被这位失明的年轻人对人们的信任所感动，由此想到如果我们都像这位年轻的盲人一样更多地相信他人，这个世界将会变得更美好。
26．细节理解题。根据“On a sunny afternoon, I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the crossing selling toys.”可知，作者是在一个阳光明媚的下午看见一个年轻人在路口卖玩具，而不是上午。故答案为B。
27．细节理解题。根据“He told the young mother to put the money in the bag hanging around his neck and take out her change.”可知，这位年轻人相信人们，所以让他们自己把钱放进挂在他脖子上的包里，并且自己拿需要找给他们的零钱。故答案为A。
28．细节理解题。根据“She took 10 dollars out of her handbag and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the change back.”可知，这位年轻的母亲付了十美元，但是还需要找她零钱，所以并不是付十美元买这个泰迪熊。故答案为B。
29．细节理解题。根据“As I walked down the street, I gave the model car to a boy walking with his father.”可知，作者把这个汽车模型给了一个男孩，而不是女孩。故答案为B。
30．主旨大意题。根据“I kept thinking that the world would be a better place if we could all learn to trust others more, like the young blind street seller.”可知，从这篇文章中我们可以学到，如果我们都像这位年轻的盲人一样更多地相信他人，这个世界将会变得更美好。故答案为A。
（七）
（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”。
Hot summer is coming. It’s time to enjoy delicious ice-cream. However, some ice-cream bars are now called “assassins (刺客)” for their surprisingly high prices. But when they were first invented, they were all about making people happy.
In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy store in the USA．One day, he developed a smooth chocolate coating (涂层). Burt first cut some ice-cream into cuboids (长方体). He then covered the ice-cream with the new chocolate coating.
When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was too “messy” to eat. Then Burt’s son suggested adding a wooden stick to the dessert.
Burt named it “Good Humor bar”. It soon became popular. Later, he sent some trucks to sell these ice-cream bars. People would know it was time for some ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells. Today, you can still see Good Humor trucks in America!
31．Ice-cream bars became too expensive for people to enjoy.
32．It has been about 100 years since Good Humor bar was invented.
33．Harry Burt’s daughter disliked the new dessert because it would be messy.
34．Harry Burt’s new dessert got popular because people could easily get it on the trucks.
35．From the passage, we can infer that some inventions can make people’s life more colorful.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了冰淇凌棒的发明历史。
31．细节理解题。根据“However, some ice-cream bars are now called ‘assassins (刺客)’ for their surprisingly high prices.”可知，“冰淇凌太贵，人们无法想用”这句话是错误的，故答案为B。
32．推理判断题。根据“In the 1920s, Harry Burt ran a candy store in the USA. One day, he developed a smooth chocolate coating (涂层). Burt first cut some ice-cream into cuboids (长方体). He then covered the ice-cream with the new chocolate coating”可知，在20世纪20年代Harry Burt发明了一种光滑的巧克力涂层，由此可推断，发明至今已有100多年的历史，故答案为A。
33．细节理解题。根据“When Burt let his children try this new dessert, his daughter said the ice-cream bar was too ‘messy’ to eat.”可知，女儿说冰淇淋棒太“脏”了，不能吃，故答案为A。
34．细节理解题。根据“It soon became popular. Later, he sent some trucks to sell these ice-cream bars. People would know it was time for some ice-cream when they heard the trucks’ bells.”可知，新甜点很受欢迎并不是因为人们很容易把它放到卡车上，故答案为B。
35．推理判断题。根据“Today, you can still see Good Humor trucks in America!”及全文可知，现在仍然可以在美国看到它们，因为类似这样的发明可以使人们的生活更加丰富多彩，才会一直受欢迎，故答案为A。
（八）
（2023·四川成都·成都七中校考三模）
阅读下面对话，根据对话内容判断句子的正误。正确的写“A”，错误的写“B”。
Imagine: when you are about to pick a flower, suddenly, it starts to scream! Although this will never really happen, a new study shows that plants can make sounds when they are stressed.
Some researchers in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) to record the sounds of tomato plants in boxes.
Three groups of plants were listened to: One group wasn’t watered for five days, another group had the stems cut off, and the third group was untouched. It turned out that the first two groups made sounds once per hour. “When tomato plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” one of the researchers said.
The researchers didn’t know how the sounds were made, but they believed the noises came from the breaking of air bubbles (气泡) in the plants. This means the noises were produced by the plants themselves naturally.
Also, the researchers listened to other plants like corn and found they also made more sounds when feeling stressed. Researchers said the study would be good for the farmers in the future, as they could better take care of the crops (庄稼) by “hearing” the plants’ feelings.
36．We can easily hear plants shout whey they are stressed.
37．The plants that weren’t watered for five days produced more sounds than the plants than that had their stems cut off.
38．According to Paragraph 3, we know that the plants like quiet environments.
39．The underlined sentence means that plants didn’t make the noises on purpose.
40．The study is meaningful and it can help farmers plant crops better.
【答案】36．B 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果，即植物在受到压力时会发出声音。
36．细节理解题。根据“when you are about to pick a flower, suddenly, it starts to scream! Although this will never really happen, a new study shows that plants can make sounds when they are stressed.”可知，植物在受到压力时会发出声音，但是人们并不能很容易就听到这种声音，表述错误。故填B。
37．细节理解题。根据“It turned out that the first two groups made sounds once per hour.”可知，五天不浇水的植物和被切断茎的植物发声频率相同，表述错误。故填B。
38．推理判断题。根据“When tomato plants are not stressed at all, they are very quiet”可知，植物没有压力的时候，它们非常安静，不会发出声音，并不能得出“植物喜欢安静的环境”的结论，表述错误。故填B。
39．词句猜测题。根据“This means the noises were produced by the plants themselves naturally.”可知，这些噪音是植物自身自然产生的，并不是植物故意发出声音的。故填A。
40．细节理解题。根据“Researchers said the study would be good for the farmers in the future, as they could better take care of the crops (庄稼) by ‘hearing’ the plants’ feelings.”可知，这项研究是有意义的，它可以帮助农民更好地种植作物。故填A。
（九）
（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）
根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正（T）误（F）。
In some cities, students have lunch at school. Do you have lunch at school What do you have Let’s look at students’ lunch boxes all over the world.
Spain—Spanish lunch usually have a few dishes. The children may have rice, soup or vegetables as the first dish and then some meat as the second dish. They often end up with their lunch with fruit or yogurt.
Singapore—Students in Singapore don’t go to a traditional dining hall. They visit cooking shops. Students can choose both traditional food and western food.
France—Healthy meals are the rules in many French schools. A French school lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese.
Finland—The Finnish school lunches are at least 50% vegetables and 25% proteins (蛋白质). On Thursdays, Finnish schools serve the traditional soup with pancakes.
Japan—The Japanese school lunches have rice, meat, fresh fruit and vegetables. Rice and fish are the basis for many of the meals.
41．Spanish students often finish lunches with fruit and yogurt.
42．Students in Singapore have lunch in cooking shops.
43．Finnish schools serve both traditional food and western food on Thursdays.
44．French students often have unhealthy food for lunch.
45．Rice and fish are the basis for lots of Japanese students’ lunches.
【答案】41．T 42．T 43．F 44．F 45．T
【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地学生午餐的情况。
41．细节理解题。根据“They often end up with their lunch with fruit or yogurt”可知，西班牙学生通常以水果或酸奶结束午餐，故答案为T。
42．细节理解题。根据“Students in Singapore don’t go to a traditional dining hall. They visit cooking shops”可知，新加坡的学生在烹饪店吃午餐，故答案为T。
43．细节理解题。根据“On Thursdays, Finnish schools serve the traditional soup with pancakes.”可知，每周四，芬兰学校会提供传统的煎饼汤，而不是传统的食物和西方食物，故答案为F。
44．细节理解题。根据“Healthy meals are the rules in many French schools. A French school lunch may have chicken with green beans and cheese”可知，法国学生午饭吃健康的食物，而不是午餐吃不健康的食品，故答案为F。
45．细节理解题。根据“Rice and fish are the basis for many of the meals”可知，米饭和鱼是许多日本学生午餐的基础。故答案为T。
（十）
（2023·湖南湘西·统考三模）
阅读判断 读短文，判断句子是否符合短文内容。符合的选T，不符合的选F。
The most popular way to welcome the new year in the United States is to have a big party. Some parties are at people’s homes. But in recent years, it has become more and more common for Americans to go to a hotel or a club or a restaurant on the night of December the 31st. There, they can have dinner, drink and dance.
Most New Year’s parties have something in common. First of all, they are usually noisy. People sing and bands play. And often, guests pull a cracker when the clock strikes twelve at midnight. People think that loud sounds would drive away the evil (邪恶的) spirits of the old year before the new year begins.
The biggest and noisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New York City. Thousands of people gather there. Some of them ring bells or let off crackers. Others blow whistles or car horns. And at 12 o’clock, they begin to cheer. An electric sign in the shape of a red apple lights up on top of a tall building.
46．The article is about New Year’s celebrations in the USA．
47．In recent years, Americans have parties at homes on the night of December the 31st.
48．Most New Year’s parties are different in the United States.
49．The biggest and noisiest New Year party takes place at Times Square in New York City.
50．Most New Year parties are usually noisy because people want to get rid of bad luck of the old year.
【答案】46．T 47．F 48．F 49．T 50．T
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国庆祝新年的方式。
46．细节理解题。根据“The most popular way to welcome the new year in the United States is to have a big party.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国庆祝新年的方式，也就是美国的信念庆祝活动，故选T。
47．细节理解题。根据“But in recent years, it has become more and more common for Americans to go to a hotel or a club or a restaurant on the night of December the 31st”可知，近年来，美国人在12月31日晚上去旅馆、俱乐部或餐馆已经变得越来越普遍，题干表述错误，故选F。
48．细节理解题。根据“Most New Year’s parties have something in common.”可知，大多数新年聚会都有一些共同点，而不是不同的，故选F。
49．细节理解题。根据“The biggest and noisiest New Year party in the United States takes place at Times Square in New York City. ”可知，美国最大、最热闹的新年晚会在纽约时代广场举行。故选T。
50．细节理解题。根据“First of all, they are usually noisy. People sing and bands play. And often, guests pull a cracker when the clock strikes twelve at midnight. People think that loud sounds would drive away the evil (邪恶的) spirits of the old year before the new year begins.”（首先，它们通常很吵。人们唱歌，乐队演奏。通常，客人们会在午夜十二点钟敲响的时候拉鞭炮。人们认为响亮的声音可以在新年开始前赶走旧年的恶灵）可知，大多数新年聚会通常很吵，因为人们想要摆脱旧年的坏运气。故选T。
（十一）
（2023·山东聊城·统考三模）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。正确的为A，错误的为B。
English is spoken mostly in the US, the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. In China and many other countries, English is the most important foreign language that children learn at school, because when they grow up, it will be quite possible for them to meet people from other countries. They will need a common language to communicate with each other. English is now used by nearly a quarter of the world’s population, and anywhere you go in the world, there is a good chance that you will meet someone who speaks English.
The reason why English is spoken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language of world trade. And in the twentieth century, the US spread English to the world through newspapers, television and films. It is now the common language for international travel, science, industry, and recently, information technology and the Internet.
It is also important to know that English has borrowed many words from other languages, for example, “restaurant” from French, “zero” from Arabic, “piano” from Italian, and “tofu” from Chinese.
Will the importance of English last As China continues to grow, many people think that Chinese will become as common as English by the middle of the twenty-first century. However, most people still think that English will be used most around the world, at least for the next twenty or thirty years.
So who owns English The answer is everyone who speaks it. Even though we speak different types of English, we are all part of an international club. We all own English.
51．In China, English is the most important language that children learn at school.
52．Nearly a quarter of the world’s population speak English.
53．English became the language of world trade about one hundred years ago.
54．”Tofu” was first used by Chinese people.
55．In the future, English won’t be spoken by Chinese people.
【答案】51．B 52．A 53．B 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了英语在当今世界的使用情况，在未来汉语也会变得越来越重要，但是在相当长的一段时间里，英语的国际地位是不会改变的。
51．细节理解题。根据“In China and many other countries, English is the most important foreign language that children learn at school”可知在中国和许多其他国家，英语是孩子们在学校学习的最重要的外语，而不是最重要的语言。故填B。
52．细节理解题。根据“English is now used by nearly a quarter of the world’s population”可知现在世界上近四分之一的人口使用英语。故填A。
53．细节理解题。根据“The reason why English is spoken everywhere is that in the nineteenth century, English became the language of world trade”可知在19世纪，英语成为了世界贸易的语言，不是一百年前。故填B。
54．细节理解题。根据“‘tofu’ from Chinese”可知tofu来自汉语，所以中国人第一次使用这个词。故填A。
55．细节理解题。根据“most people still think that English